Larry Ellison, Oracle’s chairman and technology chief, speaks at the Oracle OpenWorld conference in San Francisco on September 16, 2019.
Justin Sullivan | Getty Images
Every tech company is talking up its AI opportunity. Oracle is no exception. But during an earnings call in March, Oracle’s Larry Ellison laid out a future market opportunity focused on a major customer that investors may think about less often that Fortune 500 companies.
The Oracle founder, former CEO and current chairman and chief technology officer, sees national and state government applications being run on platforms like Oracle Cloud Infrastructure to a much greater degree than today, and indicated that it’s starting to happen in a variety of ways.
“We talk about, you know, winning business with companies. For the first time, we’re beginning to win business for countries,” Ellison said. “We have a number of countries where we’re negotiating sovereign regions with the national government.”
Major tech companies vying for massive government contracts in the cloud are nothing new. Microsoft and Amazon had a lengthy battle over a cloud deal with the Department of Defense, and both those AI players as well as Oracle and Google ended up all in on a $9 billion DoD contract in 2022.
But Ellison went further in his prediction when speaking with analysts on the recent earnings call, saying “Every government, pretty much every government, is going to want a sovereign cloud and a dedicated region for that government.”
Oracle, which works with Nvidia and Microsoft on generative AI capabilities, has already helped use cloud tech to cut red tape for countries. One example Ellison gave was Albania. It is trying to ascend to the European Union with the help of chatGPT, with the generative AI helping to decipher and summarize its laws and aid the country in what it needs to change in order to be compliant with E.U. regulations.
“It took Serbia eight years to harmonize their laws to be able to join the E.U.,” Ellison said. “Albania is facing the same thing, but with generative AI, we can read the entire corpus of the Albanian laws and actually harmonize their laws with the EU in probably more like 18 months to two years.”
Some analysts are skeptical of Ellison’s talk as being anything more than typical C-suite rallying for a key business unit. Oracle shares are up about 21% YTD, but Barclays analyst Raimo Lenschow expressed concern about lower OCI growth during its latest earnings, which could “worry investors, as this is the main investment story.”
A version of future featuring cloud services and artificial intelligence-powered solutions can make government more efficient. Ellison said for starters, redundancy is a focus for government, in the case of disaster and disaster recovery. But it’s also moving into health care information and internet access projects.
Countries including Serbia are standardizing on Oracle Cloud Infrastructure and using generative AI for processes like automating health care. Deals related to delivery of internet services in partnership with Elon Musk’s Starlink to remote areas are taking place in Kenya and Rwanda, where OCI and Starlink are mapping rural farms to see which crops are growing in what area, and if they are getting enough nutrients like nitrogen and water.
“These maps are AI-assisted, help them plan their agricultural output and predict their agricultural output, predict markets, the logistics of the agricultural output, doing all of all of those things as next-generation national applications,” Ellison said.
Food security, rural school and rural hospital internet access, are other examples of what Ellison said are among the “all sorts of interesting new AI applications out there that you’ve probably never heard of before, at least I hadn’t heard of before until these last 12 months now that we’ve worked on and we’re now in the process of delivering.”
He also mentioned automation of vaccination programs, and other healthcare program “across the board.”
“We’re living in a world where like data and information is the gold of the future,” said Dan Gardner, CEO of digital strategy agency Code and Theory. “If the government can get access and action on that their data faster, why would we want to slow that down? We want that to be as efficient as possible. A lot of that is like mundane human resources, that maybe those people could be doing something else that is way more valuable.”
Cloud and generative AI applications allowing countries to give rural areas internet access could increase educational opportunities and create more economic value. It could also allow citizens to have more insight into government processes, said Tapan Parikh, Cornell University associate professor. “One thing technology’s always been good at is potentially making bureaucracies more efficient, or at least more transparent internally,” he said.
‘Black Mirror’ governments
But the push to move more government processes to the cloud is also opening the door to new risks, especially as countries trust newly developed generative AI systems. While they may make processes faster than ever, there are bound to be mistakes as the technology develops and could make citizen data accessible to cyber criminals.
“We shouldn’t use these technologies as an excuse to not maintain oversight and control over political processes,” Parikh said. “Certainly, I think that’s a very important thing, particularly when you’re dealing with countries that may not have the same kind of governance capacity.”
Oracle did not respond to a request for additional comment on Ellison’s earnings call discussion.
“There’s the ‘Black Mirror’ bad side of it: Big Brother, data wars, AI warfare and all that stuff,” Garder said. “As far as like removing red tape and being more efficient and getting better use out of crops across the country, that’s incredible. That’s the multiplier of humanity that could really improve because of AI.”
AI raises a host of concerns.
Gardner pointed to the proliferation of more generative content in an election year around the world and all the issues related to tech-enabled interference. “Maybe it’s not like chips on the ground. But it’s data security, authentication of who you are, who governments are, what content you’re viewing, all the connection points between financial systems, and AI governance. Using AI as a tool of destruction is quite scary.”
“No big government in the world can afford to move all of their services and especially critical ones like defense, taxes, health care, completely into the cloud and into the hands of gen AI,” said Simone Bohnenberger, chief product officer at cloud company Phrase. “It’s just not in the realm of, I think it’s not responsible to do that. The potential risks outweigh the benefits of doing that.”
OpenAI, which created ChatGPT, is mostly trained on existing content on the internet. That could pose a problem, especially when text from lesser known languages like Albanian need to be analyzed, Bohnenberger said.
“If you look at the World Wide Web or the internet, the vast majority of content there’s English, I think a quarter of the content is English, followed by Chinese,” she said. “Albanian is a minority. It’s very questionable for me how well that actually works for a small country like Albania and like an outlier language, because there’s just not much data you can train a model on. And if you don’t have much data, then the outputs will be very messy.”
Then there’s security and data risks with allowing foreign companies access to citizen data, Parikh said. Even the U.S., with all its resources, has been vulnerable to data hacks, including a recent February incident with contractor CGI Federal which exposed personally identifiable information on employees. The recent battle between the U.S. and China over TikTok is an example of how control of sensitive consumer data can be interjected into geopolitics. “I think certainly that’s a concern going forward for countries who are working with vendors from different countries,” Parikh said.
When ChatGPT launched in 2022, Google was caught flatfooted, but the launch of Gemini 3 and the Ironwood AI chip this month has experts raving about Alphabet’s AI comeback.
Google kicked off November by unveiling Ironwood, the seventh generation of its tensor processing units, or TPUs, that the company says lets customers “run and scale the largest, most data-intensive models in existence.” And last week, Google launched Gemini 3, its latest artificial intelligence model, saying it requires “less prompting” and provides smarter answers than its predecessors.
Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff captured the excitement around Gemini 3 with a Sunday post on X, saying that despite using OpenAI’s ChatGPT daily for three years, he wasn’t going back after two hours of using Gemini 3.
“The leap is insane,” wrote Benioff, whose company has partnerships with Google, OpenAI and other frontier AI model providers. “Everything is sharper and faster. It feels like the world just changed, again.”
Most tech stocks were down to start the week, except for one: Alphabet.
Shares of the Google parent surged more than 5% on Monday, adding to last week’s gain of more than 8%. Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway revealed earlier this month that it owns a $4.3 billion stake in Alphabet as of the end of the third quarter.
Alphabet shares are up nearly 70% this year and have outperformed Meta’s by more than 50 percentage points this year, and last week, Alphabet’s market cap surpassed Microsoft’s.
All of this came despite Nvidia reporting stronger-than-expect revenue and guidance in its third-quarter earnings last week.
“You may be asking why almost all of the AI stocks we cover are selling off after such good news from Nvidia,” Melius Research analyst Ben Reitzes wrote in a note Monday, referring to Nvidia’s positive third quarter earnings last week. “There is one real reason for worry and it is the ‘AI comeback’ of Alphabet.”
But while Google appears to have regained the edge, its lead over rivals remains razor thin in the gruelingly competitive AI market, experts said.
Sundar Pichai, chief executive officer of Alphabet Inc., during the Bloomberg Tech conference in San Francisco, California, US, on Wednesday, June 4, 2025.
David Paul Morris | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Putting the pieces together
With Gemini 3 and Ironwood, Google CEO Sundar Pichai appears to have finally put the pieces together for the company’s AI offerings, said Michael Nathanson, co-founder of equity research firm Moffett Nathanson. Google is serving a broad range of customers from consumers to enterprise, something the company initially struggled to do after the arrival of ChatGPT.
“Three years ago, they were seen as kind of lost and there were all these hot takes saying they lost their way and Sundar is a failure,” Nathanson said. “Now, they have a huge leg up.”
The company had a number of AI product mishaps in its initial attempts to catch up with OpenAI. In 2024 alone, Google had to pull its image generation product Imagen 2 for several months after users discovered a number of historical inaccuracies. The launch of AI Overviews caused a similar reaction when users discovered it gave faulty advice, which the company later remedied with additional guardrails.
“There was a lot of fumbling, and they were scrambling,” said Gil Luria, managing director at technology research firm DA Davidson. “But they had the tech in the pantry, and it was just a matter of getting it all together and shipped.”
Of particular note is how quickly Google launched Gemini 3 after the spring release of Gemini 2.5, which was already considered an impressive model. The hyper-realistic image generation features of Nano Banana is another notch in Google’s belt. After the company initially launched the image generation tool, Gemini shot to the top of the Apple App Store in September, dethroning ChatGPT.
And after the launch of Gemini 3, Google released Nano Banana Pro last week.
Google’s ownership of YouTube and all the content on the video platform gives the company an edge when it comes to training models for image and video generation.
“The amount of video and current data that Google has, that’s really a huge competitive advantage,” said Mike Gualtieri, vice president and principal analyst for Forrester Research. “I don’t see how OpenAI and Anthropic can overcome that.”
Additionally, Google has successfully incorporated its AI models into its enterprise products, driving sales for the company’s cloud unit. In its third quarter earnings results last month, Google reached its first $100 billion quarter, boosted by its cloud growth. The company’s cloud unit, which houses its AI services, showed solid growth and a $155 billion backlog from customers.
And it’s not just the AI models. Google is also garnering attention with its AI chips.
Google says Ironwood is nearly 30 times more power efficient than its first TPU from 2018. Google’s ASIC chips are emerging as the company’s secret weapon in the AI wars and have helped it notch recent deals worth billions with customers such as Anthropic.
After a reportsaid that Meta could strike a deal with Google to use its TPUs for the social media company’s data centers, Nvidia saw its stock drop 3% on Tuesday, prompting the chipmaker to post a response on social media.
With the rise of Google’s TPUs, Nvidia may no longer have the AI chips market cornered.
“The advantage of having the whole stack is you can optimize your model to work specifically well on a TPU chip and you’re building everything to a more optimally designed,” said Luria.
The company’s ability to serve AI enterprise customers with its TPUs and Google Cloud offerings as well as its incorporation of Gemini 3 throughout its consumer products is driving Wall Street’s enthusiasm.
Experts who spoke with CNBC said the competitive landscape is broader than just one AI winner, but they added that it’s become increasingly expensive for multiple companies to prove success.
Tight competition
Despite these wins, Google is still in fierce competition with other AI companies, experts said.
“Having the state of the art model for a few days doesn’t mean they’ve won to the extent that the stock market is implying,” Luria said, pointing to Anthropic’s new Opus 4.5 model launched Monday.
Earlier this month, OpenAI also announced two updates to its GPT-5 model to make it “warmer by default and more conversational” as well as “more efficient and easier to understand in everyday use,” the company said.
“The frontier models still seem to be neck and neck in some ways,” Forrester Research’s Gualtieri said.
The competitive edge will likely go to the companies willing to spend more money given the expenses of the AI race, experts said. In their earnings reports last month, Alphabet, Meta, Microsoft and Amazon each lifted their guidance for capital expenditures. They collectively expect that number to reach more than $380 billion this year.
“These companies are spending a lot of money assuming there’s gonna be a winner take all when in reality we may end up with frontier models being a commodity and several will be interchangeable,” Luria said.
For Google, maintaining a lead in AI won’t be without challenges.
Company executives told employees earlier this month that Google has to double its serving capacity every six month to meet demand for AI services and run its frontier models, CNBC reported last week.
“The competition in AI infrastructure is the most critical and also the most expensive part of the AI race,” Google Cloud Vice President Amin Vahdat told employees.
Although Google’s in-house TPUs have gotten increased attention as viable alternatives to Nvidia’s Blackwell chips, Nvidia still holds more than 90% of the AI chip market.
In its post on Tuesday, Nvidia pointed out that its chips are more flexible and powerful than ASIC chips, like Google’s Ironwood, which are typically designed for a single company or function.
And despite getting Salesforce’s Benioff to switch to Gemini, Google also has a lot of catching up to do with its consumer chat product, experts said, citing hallucinations and lower user numbers than OpenAI’s.
The Gemini app has 650 million monthly active users and AI Overviews has 2 billion monthly users, Google said last month. OpenAI, by comparison, said in August that ChatGPT hit 700 million users per week.
“Yes, Google has got its act together,” Luria said. “But that doesn’t mean they’ve won.”
The first day of sale of the iPhone 15 smartphone in Mumbai, India, on Sept. 22, 2023.
Dhiraj Singh | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Apple has filed a case in Delhi High Court against the country’s anti-trust body because of how it considers global turnover when calculating penalties.
The iPhone maker, which is among the fastest growing smart phone brands in India, is challenging India’s new antitrust law under which the U.S. company could incur fines of up to $38 billion, according to a report by Reuters.
It added it was “unconstitutional, grossly disproportionate, unjust” for the Competition Commission of India (CCI) to use turnover when calculating penalties.
Apple did not immediately respond to a request for comment from CNBC.
The CCI has been investigating complaints made by an alliance of Indian startups and Tinder-owner Match Group that accuse Apple of “abusive conduct” which forces developers to pay high commissions for in-app purchases.
Apple denied the charges.
The CCI’s final verdict is still pending but it said its “prima facie view [is] that mandatory use of Apple’s IAP for paid apps & in-app purchases restrict the choice available to the app developers to select a payment processing system of their choice”, in an order in December 2021.
Apple recorded its highest-ever quarterly shipments in India of 5 million units in the third quarter of 2025, according to data from IDC.
The company is expected to sell about 15 million iPhones this year in India and could rank among top five smartphone companies there, Navkendar Singh associate vice president with IDC India said on CNBC’s “Inside India” on Nov. 18.
Apple is among the global companies who are diversifying their manufacturing supply chain from China to India. In 2024, Apple exports from India hit a record of $12.8 billion, growing at more than 42% from year ago.
Alibaba announced plans to release a pair of smart glasses powered by its AI models. The Quark AI Glasses are Alibaba’s first foray into the smart glasses product category.
Alibaba
Alibaba‘s artificial intelligence-powered smart glasses went on sale on Thursday as the Chinese tech giant looks to ramp up its focus on consumer AI in an increasingly competitive market.
The Quark AI Glasses, first announced in July, come in two variants — the S1, which starts at 3,799 Chinese yuan ($536) and G1 at 1,899 yuan.
The tech giant has integrated its Qwen AI models — Alibaba’s version of ChatGPT — with the device which also links to its newly-launched Qwen app. This means users can use voice control to get the glasses to carry out tasks.
The lenses of the glasses are effectively screens and the device has a camera built into the frame. The main difference between the S1 and G1 is the display, Alibaba said.
The company said that some of the features include on-the-go translation, AI-generated meeting notes and the ability to ask the virtual assistants questions. Users take pictures of a product using the camera in the lens and then the device will show the price of that product on Taobao, Alibaba’s main shopping app in China.
Alibaba, like other technology companies such as U.S. giant Meta, are betting that smart glasses could be the next big consumer device after the smartphone.
In September, Meta unveiled the $799 Meta Ray-Ban Display glasses, the social media company’s first consumer-ready smart glasses with a built-in display. Users can control the device via hand gestures with a special wristband.
Alibaba’s glasses will initially go on sale in China and compete with domestic rivals, including consumer electronics maker Xiaomi and startup Xreal.
The smart glasses market is still small but growing rapidly. By 2026, shipments of AI glasses are expected to exceed more than 10 million units, doubling from 2025, according to a forecast from Omdia.
For Alibaba, the glasses are its latest play in the consumer AI market as it looks to build on its recent successes. The company’s ChatGPT-style Qwen app got 10 million downloads in the first week of the public beta launch. Meanwhile, Alibaba’s cloud computing business, where it books much of its AI-relate revenue, saw an acceleration of growth in the last quarter.
The Hangzhou, headquartered company is one of the leaders in China’s AI space, and has been investing aggressively in AI alongside rival giants like Baidu and Tencent, and aggressively launching new models.