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Senior executives at the Post Office suggested that “lots and lots of cash lying around in unexpected places” might have meant sub-postmasters were led “into temptation”, rather than accept IT failings, an official inquiry has heard.

The inquiry into faulty Horizon IT software at the Post Office, and the associated prosecution of hundreds of sub-postmasters for theft and false accounting, heard evidence from former North East Hampshire MP Lord Arbuthnot on Wednesday.

He was a champion of victims in the late 2000s and 2010s and appeared in the ITV drama Mr Bates vs The Post Office, which reinvigorated interest in the scandal’s miscarriages of justice.

As well as those who were wrongly prosecuted many more wracked up significant debts, lost their homes, were ostracised from their communities and suffered ill health, while some left the country.

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Lord Arbuthnot was played by actor Alex Jennings in Mr Bates vs The Post Office. Pic: Little Gem / ITV Studios
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Lord Arbuthnot was played by actor Alex Jennings in Mr Bates vs The Post Office. Pic: Little Gem / ITV Studios

Rather than accept the IT system’s failings, senior officials within the Post Office told Lord Arbuthnot that sub-postmasters were led “into temptation”, he told the inquiry.

“Alice Perkins [former Post Office chair] and Paula Vennells [former chief executive] had both raised the problem of there being lots and lots of cash lying around in unexpected places,” Lord Arbuthnot said.

“I do not know whether that point – which Alice Perkins made strongly – affected her approach towards the honesty or otherwise of sub-postmasters,” the peer added in his witness statement to the inquiry.

Minutes recorded of what Ms Vennells said during a meeting with MPs in 2012 read: “It appears that some sub-postmasters have been borrowing money from the Post Office account/till in the same way they might do in a retail business, but this is not how the Post Office works.

“Post Office cash is public money and the Post Office must recover it if any goes missing.”

Lord Arbuthnot arrives to give evidence to the Post Office Horizon IT inquiry. Pic: PA
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Lord Arbuthnot arrives to give evidence to the Post Office Horizon IT inquiry. Pic: PA

Unsafe convictions

As early as March 2013 Lord Arbuthnot said he told the Post Office that its convictions of sub-postmasters could be unsafe as evidence of flaws within Horizon had been unearthed by forensic accountants Second Sight, who were hired by the organisation to investigate allegations.

Lord Arbuthnot felt this evidence undermined convictions and showed there was a risk the Post Office wasn’t doing its duty to disclose any evidence that might undermine its prosecution case or help sub-postmaster defendants.

Second Sight found Fujitsu – the company behind the Horizon system – could access Post Office accounts remotely.

Lord Arbuthnot told the inquiry: “If Fujitsu or the Post Office can manipulate a sub-postmaster’s account without the post business knowing about it, then how can you prosecute that sub-postmaster for something which could not be provably down to the postmaster?”

He added this fact alone undermined the “standard of proof required in a criminal trial”.

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‘Profoundly wrong’

Sub-postmaster victims of the faulty software were told they were the only ones having problems with Horizon – something Lord Arbuthnot found “profoundly wrong” and intimidating, as he was aware of several cases.

“There was something at the back of my mind which continued to trouble me, which was these people who were being told, ‘you are the only person this is happening to’.

“And that struck me as being profoundly wrong, because first – it was obviously disprovable. They were not the only people it was happening to.

“Second, it was isolating those sub-postmasters and sub-postmistresses so they could not get support from others in the same position.

“And third, it had an element of intimidation about it, all of which set the Post Office and its way of operating with its sub-postmasters in a bad light.”

Lord Arbuthnot arrives at the Department for Business and Trade, Old Admiralty Building, central London, ahead of a meeting of the independent Horizon Compensation Advisory Board. Picture date: Wednesday January 10, 2024.
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Lord Arbuthnot arrives at the Post Office inquiry. Pic: PA

‘Government refusing to take responsibility’

The whole nature of the government’s hands-off approach to the Post Office, which it entirely owns, came in for criticism from Lord Arbuthnot as the inquiry heard of the numerous government ministers he contacted about the injustices.

“What this arm’s length arrangement essentially means is the government is refusing to take the responsibilities that go with ownership,” he said.

“If you have an organisation that is as important to the community as the Post Office is, then the people have got to be able to have proper control over it.”

Lord Arbuthnot also accused the Post Office of “stringing MPs along” in a “behind-the-scenes deception process” to cover up issues with the Horizon system.

He said the organisation grew increasingly defensive in 2013 after the investigation by Second Sight.

The peer said: “They knew there was a large number of bugs in the system that they hadn’t told MPs about.

“That’s what I know now, but I didn’t know that then.”

The peer also told the inquiry he was not satisfied with the “brush-off” response he received from Ms Vennells after he raised concerns over sub-postmaster complaints about the Horizon system.

During her time as managing director, Ms Vennells defended the Horizon system when it was queried by the former MP, describing it as “robust”.

Paula Vennells
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Paula Vennells during her time at the Post Office in 2016. Pic: PA

In a statement this week after the inquiry resumed, Paula Vennells said: “I continue to support and focus on cooperating with the inquiry and expect to be giving evidence in the coming months.

“I am truly sorry for the devastation caused to the sub-postmasters and their families, whose lives were torn apart by being wrongly accused and wrongly prosecuted as a result of the Horizon system.

“I now intend to continue to focus on assisting the inquiry and will not make any further public comment until it has concluded.”

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Poundland owner drafts in advisers amid discounter crisis

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Poundland owner drafts in advisers amid discounter crisis

The owner of Poundland, one of Britain’s biggest discount retailers, has drafted in City advisers to explore radical options for arresting the growing crisis at the chain.

Sky News has learnt that Pepco Group, which has owned Poundland since 2016, has hired consultants from AlixPartners to address a sales slump which has raised questions over its future ownership.

City sources said this weekend that the crisis would prompt Pepco to explore more fundamental for Poundland, including a formal restructuring process that could prompt significant store closures, or even an attempt to sell the business.

AlixPartners is understood to have been formally engaged last week, with options including a company voluntary arrangement or restructuring plan said to have been floated by a range of advisers on a highly preliminary basis.

Sources close to the group said no decisions had been taken, and that the immediate focus was on improving Poundland’s cash performance and reviving the chain’s customer proposition.

A sale process was not under way, they added.

Poundland trades from 825 stores across the UK, competing with the likes of Home Bargains, B&M and Poundstretcher, as well as Britain’s major supermarket chains.

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Last year, the British discounter recorded roughly €2bn of sales.

It employs roughly 18,000 people.

Earlier this week, Pepco Group, the Warsaw-listed retail giant which also trades as Pepco and Dealz in Europe, said Poundland had seen a like-for-like sales slump of 7.3% during the Christmas trading period.

In its trading statement, Pepco said that Poundland had suffered “a more difficult sales environment and consumer backdrop in the UK, alongside margin pressure and an increasingly higher operating cost environment”.

“We expect that the toughest comparative quarter for Poundland is now behind us – the same quarter last year represented a period prior to the changes made within our clothing and GM [general merchandise] ranges – and therefore, we expect the negative sales performance for Poundland to moderate as we move through the year.”

It added that Poundland would not increase the size of its store portfolio on a net basis during the course of this year.

“We are continuing a comprehensive assessment of Poundland to recover trading and get the business back to its core strengths, including undertaking a thorough assessment of all costs across the business, as well as evaluating its overall competitive positioning,” it added.

The appointment of AlixPartners came several weeks after Stephan Borchert, the Pepco Group chief executive, said he would consider “every strategic option” for reviving Poundland’s performance.

He is expected to set out formal plans for the future of Poundland, along with the rest of the group, at a capital markets day in Poland on 6 March.

Among the measures the company has already taken to halt the chain’s declining performance have been to increase the range of FMCG and general merchandise products sold at its traditional £1 price-point.

Poundland’s crisis contrasts with the health of the rest of the group, with Pepco and Dealz both showing strong sales growth.

A spokesman for Pepco Group, which has a market capitalisation equivalent to about £1.7bn, declined to comment further on the appointment of advisers

AlixPartners also declined to comment.

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FTSE 100 closes at record high

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FTSE 100 closes at record high

The UK’s benchmark stock index has reached another record high.

The FTSE 100 index of most valuable companies on the London Stock Exchange closed at 8,505.69, breaking the record set last May.

It had already broken its intraday high at 8532.58 on Friday afternoon, meaning it reached a high not seen before during trading hours.

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The weakened pound has boosted many of the 100 companies forming the top-flight index.

Why is this happening?

Most are not based in the UK, so a less valuable pound means their sterling-priced shares are cheaper to buy for people using other currencies, typically US dollars.

This makes the shares better value, prompting more to be bought. This greater demand has brought up the prices and the FTSE 100.

The pound has been hovering below $1.22 for much of Friday. It’s steadily fallen from being worth $1.34 in late September.

Also spurring the new record are market expectations for more interest rate cuts in 2025, something which would make borrowing cheaper and likely kickstart spending.

What is the FTSE 100?

The index is made up of many mining and international oil and gas companies, as well as household name UK banks and supermarkets.

Familiar to a UK audience are lenders such as Barclays, Natwest, HSBC and Lloyds and supermarket chains Tesco, Marks & Spencer and Sainsbury’s.

Other well-known names include Rolls-Royce, Unilever, easyJet, BT Group and Next.

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FTSE stands for Financial Times Stock Exchange.

If a company’s share price drops significantly it can slip outside of the FTSE 100 and into the larger and more UK-based FTSE 250 index.

The inverse works for the FTSE 250 companies, the 101st to 250th most valuable firms on the London Stock Exchange. If their share price rises significantly they could move into the FTSE 100.

A good close for markets

It’s a good end of the week for markets, entirely reversing the rise in borrowing costs that plagued Chancellor Rachel Reeves for the past ten days.

Fears of long-lasting high borrowing costs drove speculation she would have to cut spending to meet self-imposed fiscal rules to balance the budget and bring down debt by 2030.

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They Treasury tries to calm market nerves late last week

Long-term government borrowing had reached a high not seen since 1998 while the benchmark 10-year cost of government borrowing, as measured by 10-year gilt yields, was at levels last seen around the 2008 financial crisis.

The gilt yield is effectively the interest rate investors demand to lend money to the UK government.

Only the pound has yet to recover the losses incurred during the market turbulence. Without that dropped price, however, the FTSE 100 record may not have happened.

Also acting to reduce sterling value is the chance of more interest rates. Currencies tend to weaken when interest rates are cut.

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Trump tariff threat prompts IMF warning ahead of inauguration

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Trump tariff threat prompts IMF warning ahead of inauguration

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned against the prospects of a renewed US-led trade war, just days before Donald Trump prepares to begin his second term in the White House.

The world’s lender of last resort used the latest update to its World Economic Outlook (WEO) to lay out a series of consequences for the global outlook in the event Mr Trump carries out his threat to impose tariffs on all imports into the United States.

Canada, Mexico, and China have been singled out for steeper tariffs that could be announced within hours of Monday’s inauguration.

Mr Trump has been clear he plans to pick up where he left off in 2021 by taxing goods coming into the country, making them more expensive, in a bid to protect US industry and jobs.

He has denied reports that a plan for universal tariffs is set to be watered down, with bond markets recently reflecting higher domestic inflation risks this year as a result.

While not calling out Mr Trump explicitly, the key passage in the IMF’s report nevertheless cautioned: “An intensification of protectionist policies… in the form of a new wave of tariffs, could exacerbate trade tensions, lower investment, reduce market efficiency, distort trade flows, and again disrupt supply chains.

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Trump’s threat of tariffs explained

“Growth could suffer in both the near and medium term, but at varying degrees across economies.”

In Europe, the EU has reason to be particularly worried about the prospect of tariffs, as the bulk of its trade with the US is in goods.

The majority of the UK’s exports are in services rather than physical products.

The IMF’s report also suggested that the US would likely suffer the least in the event that a new wave of tariffs was enacted due to underlying strengths in the world’s largest economy.

Read more: What Trump’s tariffs could mean for rest of the world

The WEO contained a small upgrade to the UK growth forecast for 2025.

It saw output growth of 1.6% this year – an increase on the 1.5% figure it predicted in October.

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What has Trump done since winning?

Economists see public sector investment by the Labour government providing a boost to growth but a more uncertain path for contributions from the private sector given the budget’s £25bn tax raid on businesses.

Business lobby groups have widely warned of a hit to investment, pay and jobs from April as a result, while major employers, such as retailers, have been most explicit on raising prices to recover some of the hit.

Chancellor Rachel Reeves said of the IMF’s update: “The UK is forecast to be the fastest growing major European economy over the next two years and the only G7 economy, apart from the US, to have its growth forecast upgraded for this year.

“I will go further and faster in my mission for growth through intelligent investment and relentless reform, and deliver on our promise to improve living standards in every part of the UK through the Plan for Change.”

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