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Soul searching about the UK’s role in the world has broken out again following the publication of a pamphlet by senior diplomats including Mark Sedwill, a former Cabinet Secretary and National Security Adviser.

The World in 2040: Renewing The UK’s Approach To International Affairs is being denounced for suggesting the Foreign Office should change its name and tone down its grand headquarters built in 1868 at the height of Great Britain’s imperial pomp.

The authors believe a lower profile would befit the reality of our station in the world.

“The UK finds itself today in a changed role as a medium-sized ‘off shore’ power”, the report asserts without explicitly mentioning Brexit.

“Our future has more in common with G20 nations like Japan and in Europe like Norway and Switzerland whose economies are closely linked to major economic neighbours.”

Britain's Foreign Secretary David Cameron at Government House for the annual Australia-UK Ministerial Consultations (AUKMIN), in Adelaide, Australia March 22, 2024. AAP Image/Matt Turner via REUTERS ATTENTION EDITORS - THIS IMAGE WAS PROVIDED BY A THIRD PARTY. NO RESALES. NO ARCHIVE. AUSTRALIA OUT. NEW ZEALAND OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN NEW ZEALAND. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN AUSTRALIA.
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Britain’s Foreign Secretary David Cameron visiting Australia in March. Pic: Reuters

The report argues “the UK has often sought to promote an image of ‘greatness’ to the world which today seems anachronistic. We will be envied for what we are good at, not what we say we are good at”.

This modest proposal to “work with others to try and address the challenges we collectively face” contrasts in style to the bold figure cut this week by Foreign Secretary David Cameron as he bestrode the globe’s biggest diplomatic stage, in the United States, to talk tough on Ukraine and Gaza.

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Lord Cameron is not a man who thinks it is time to play down the ‘Great’ in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. For that matter, the current Prime Minister Rishi Sunak and Sir Keir Starmer agree with him.

Even Mr Cameron’s detractors admit that he looks the part that we have come to expect of the top British representative abroad. The New York Times described the Foreign Secretary as “almost” a prime minister.

FILE PHOTO: Republican presidential candidate and former U.S. President Donald Trump attends the 2024 Senior Club Championship award ceremony at his Trump International Golf Club in West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S. March 24, 2024. REUTERS/Marco Bello/File Photo/File Photo
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Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump at the 2024 Senior Club Championship award ceremony in Florida last month. File Pic: Reuters

Donald Trump certainly would have not invited him to dinner in Mar-a-Lago unless he saw him as a fitting match for his own stratospheric estimate of his own importance. Trump’s Republican sidekick, House Speaker Mike Johnson, looked puny in comparison being “too busy” to hear Mr Cameron’s arguments.

The British government says it is important to build links to the man who may be the next US president but Mr Cameron’s visit had, at best, mixed results. The British are not the only ones who are status conscious. Mr Cameron was not granted even a “brush by” or “drop in” by President Joe Biden, perhaps because he had not forewarned the White House he would be visiting his election rival.

Does the UK’s US-centric approach, simultaneously presumptuous and bootlicking, benefit Britain? Rather than trying to be both a great power and “junior partner to America”, as Mr Cameron put it to me on his first prime ministerial visit to Washington, should the UK be pursuing a broader network of co-operative relationships, as the report suggests?

Former UK Cabinet Secretary and National Security Advisor to the Cabinet Office Lord Mark Sedwill. File pic: Reuters
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Former UK Cabinet Secretary and National Security Adviser to the Cabinet Office Lord Mark Sedwill. File pic: Reuters

Great Britain was a geographical description before it became a patriotic boast. Dating back at least 800 years, Grete Britaigne was simply the bigger space where most Britons lived in contrast to Britanny, the lesser Britain in physical terms.

Former PM Lord Cameron presided over the weaponising of the word Great. A campaign launched in 2011 by the Foreign Office, of all departments, morphed innocuously into a series of posters for the 2012 London Olympics.

These celebrated the host country’s assets such as science, sport, or music, proclaiming each one “is Great”.

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This was ahead of Mr Trump’s “Make America Great Again”, though not Ronald Reagan’s use in 1980 of the same campaign phrase.

By 2015 “Britain is Great” had become an official campaign across all government departments. It is still in operation and on display in the UK’s official outposts around the world.

‘Broken Britain’

In a write up for the official civil service quarterly, the cabinet office noted that it worked even in these times of economic constraint, insisting “you don’t need lots of resource but you do need plenty of passion” to get the message across.

The UK and the rest of the world have changed a lot since London 2012. Great Britain may not be wiping out widespread popular perceptions of “Broken Britain”.

In spite of dirty rivers, a struggling NHS, increasing inequality, creaking infrastructure, a declining military and high taxes, we Britons like telling each other that things are “Great”.

There are the Great British Bake-Off and the Great North Run. Boris Johnson won the election in 2019 with the pledge to make this “the greatest place on earth”. The government’s latest plan is for Great British Railways, Labour promises to deliver Great British Energy.

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The diplomats who produced the report include Lord Sedwill, Thomas Fletcher, a former ambassador and Number Ten foreign policy advisor and Moazzam Malik, ex-Foreign Office Director General.

They have represented the UK abroad and to foreigners. They know that you can’t always get what you want and that insisting you are great can be grating.

It is easy for their political masters at home to borrow Boris Johnson’s vocabulary and criticise gloomsters, doomsters and naysayers, while doing nothing themselves to deliver better results in practice.

Britain may not be great in the sense that it is no longer a dominant world power like the US or China, but it is defeatist to write it off as a middle-sized power.

There are around 200 nations in the world. As the report acknowledges, the UK has the sixth largest economy and is a significant “soft power” with world class universities second only to the US.

The UK is also 21st in GDP per capita, one of only five permanent members of the UN Security Council, a possessor of an independent nuclear deterrent, a leading defence contributor to NATO, the prime mover of the Commonwealth and the origin of the world language, English.

Even the colonial overtones of the Empire, which the report wants to downplay, point to global reach, even if it is troubled. Great Britain should not boast but there is no need for the UK to run itself down either.

It might be better to rename the currently cumbersome Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office as simply The Foreign Office rather than to rebrand it apologetically as the Department for International Affairs – which would in any case provoke tabloid investigations of diplomatic bed hopping.

Wherever politicians and officials stand on these pressing questions, argument about words, flags and what pictures to hang on the wall is a distraction from what really matters for Britain’s future.

Lord Sedwill notes dryly in his report that “influence abroad arises from political and economic success at home” and not from how great we claim we are.

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The Lib Dems want to be the nice guys of politics – but is that what voters want?

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The Lib Dems want to be the nice guys of politics - but is that what voters want?

Lib Dems don’t tend to listen to right-wing podcasts.

But if they did, they may be heartened by some of what they hear.

Take the interview Kemi Badenoch gave to the TRIGGERnometry show in February.

Ten minutes into the episode, one of the hosts recounts a conversation with a Tory MP who said the party lost the last election to the Lib Dems because they went too far to the right.

Everyone laughs.

Then in March, in a conversation with the Canadian psychologist Jordan Peterson, the Tory leader was asked to describe a Liberal Democrat.

“Somebody who is good at fixing their church roof,” said Ms Badenoch.

She meant it as a negative.

Lib Dems now mention it every time you go near any of them with a TV camera.

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‘It’s a two-horse race!’

The pitch is clear, the stunts are naff

At times, party figures seem somewhat astonished the Tories don’t view them as more of a threat, given they were beaten by them in swathes of their traditional heartlands last year.

Going forward, the pitch is clear.

Sir Ed Davey wants to replace the Tories as the party of middle England.

Ed Davey rides on a rollercoaster during a visit to the BIG Sheep theme park in Bideford.
Pic: PA
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Sir Ed rides on a rollercoaster. Pic: PA

One way he’s trying to do that is through somewhat naff and very much twee campaign stunts.

To open this local election race, the Lib Dem leader straddled a hobbyhorse and galloped through a blue fence.

More recently, he’s brandished a sausage, hopped aboard a rollercoaster and planted wildflowers.

Senior Lib Dems say they are “constantly asking” whether this is the correct strategy, especially given the hardship being faced by many in the country.

They maintain it is helping get their message out though, according to the evidence they have.

“I think you can take the issues that matter to voters seriously while not taking yourself too seriously, and I also think it’s a way of engaging people who are turned off by politics,” said Sir Ed.

Ed Davey tries his hand at hobby horsing during the launch of the party's local election campaign in Walled Garden of Badgemore Park in Henley-on-Thames.
Pic: PA
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Sir Ed on a hobby horse during the launch of the party’s local election campaign in the Walled Garden of Badgemore Park in Henley-on-Thames. Pic: PA
Pic: PA


‘What if people don’t want grown-ups?’

In that way, the Lib Dems are fishing in a similar pool of voters to Reform UK, albeit from the other side of the water’s edge.

Indeed, talk to Lib Dem MPs, and they say while some Reform supporters they meet would never vote for a party with the word “liberal” in its name, others are motivated more by generalised anger than any traditional political ideology.

These people, the MPs say, can be persuaded.

But this group also shows a broader risk to the Lib Dem approach.

Put simply, are they simply too nice for the fractured times we live in?

“The Lib Dems want to be the grown-ups in the room,” says Joe Twyman, director of Delta Poll.

“We like to think that the grown-ups in the room will be rewarded… but what if people don’t want grown-ups in the room, what if people want kids shitting on the floor.”

Liberal Democrat leader Sir Ed Davey canoeing in the River Severn in Shrewsbury with North Shropshire MP Helen Morgan, while on the local election campaign trail. Picture date: Friday April 11, 2025.
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Sir Ed canoeing in the River Severn in Shrewsbury, Shropshire. Pic: PA

A plan that looks different to the status quo

The party’s answer to this is that they are alive to the trap Lib Dems have walked into in the past of adopting a technocratic tone and blandly telling the public every issue is a “bit more complicated” than it seems.

One senior figure says the Lib Dems are trying to do something quite unusual for a progressive centre-left party in making a broader emotional argument about why the public should pick them.

This source says that approach runs through the stunts but also through the focus on care and the party leader’s personal connection to the issue.

Presenting a plan that looks different to the status quo is another way to try to stand apart.

It’s why there has been a focus on attacking Donald Trump and talking up the EU recently, two areas left unoccupied by the main parties.

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‘A snivelling cretin’: Your response?

The focus on local campaigning

But beyond the national strategy, Lib Dems believe it’s their local campaigning that really reaps rewards.

In the run-up to the last election, several more regional press officers were recruited.

Many stories pumped out by the media office now have a focus on data that can be broken down to a constituency level and given to local news outlets.

Party sources say there has also been a concerted attempt to get away from the cliche of the Lib Dems constantly calling for parliament to be recalled.

“They beat us to it,” said one staffer of the recent recall to debate British Steel.

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Steel might have been ‘under orders’ from China

‘Gail’s bakery rule’

This focus on the local is helped by the fact many Lib Dem constituencies now look somewhat similar.

That was evidenced by the apparent “Gail’s bakery rule” last year, in which any constituency with a branch of the upmarket pastry purveyor had activists heaped on it.

The similarities have helped the Lib Dems get away from another cliche – that of the somewhat opportunist targeting of different areas with very different messages.

“There is a certain consistency in where we won that helps explain that higher vote retention,” said Lib Dem president Lord Pack.

“Look at leaflets in different constituencies [last year] and they were much more consistent than previous elections… the messages are fundamentally the same in a way that was not always the case in the past.”

Ed Davey in a swan pedalo on Bude Canal in Bude, Cornwall.
Pic: PA
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Sir Ed in a swan pedalo on Bude Canal in Cornwall. Pic: PA

A bottom-up campaign machine

New MPs have also been tasked with demonstrating delivery and focusing doggedly on the issues that matter to their constituents.

One Home Counties MP says he wants to be able to send out leaflets by 2027, saying “everyone in this constituency knows someone who has been helped by their local Lib Dem”.

In the run-up to last year’s vote, strategists gave the example of the Lib Dem candidate who was invited to a local ribbon-cutting ceremony in place of the sitting Tory MP as proof of how the party can ingratiate itself into communities.

With that in mind, the aim for these local elections is to pick up councillors in the places the party now has new MPs, allowing them to dig in further and keep building a bottom-up campaign machine.

‘Anyone but Labour or Conservative’

But what of the next general election?

Senior Lib Dems are confident of holding their current 72 seats.

They also point to the fact 20 of their 27 second-place finishes currently have a Conservative MP.

Those will be the main focus, along with the 43 seats in which they finished third.

There’s also an acronym brewing to describe the approach – ABLOC or “Anyone but Labour or Conservative”.

pmqs
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Keir Starmer and Kemi Badenoch aren’t exactly flying high in the opinion polls

9% swing could make Sir Ed leader of the opposition

The hope is for the political forces to align and Reform UK to continue splitting the Tory vote while unpopularity with the Labour government and Conservative opposition triggers some to jump ship.

A recent pamphlet by Lord Pack showed if the Tories did not make progress against the other parties, just 25 gains from them by the Lib Dems – the equivalent of a 9% swing – would be enough to make Sir Ed leader of the opposition.

What’s more, a majority of these seats would be in the South East and South West, where the party has already picked up big wins.

As for the overall aim of all this, Lord Pack is candid the Lib Dems shouldn’t view a hung parliament as the best way to achieve the big prize of electoral reform because they almost always end badly for the smaller party.

Instead, the Lib Dem president suggests the potential fragmentation of politics could bring electoral reform closer in a more natural way.

“What percentage share of the vote is the most popular party going to get at the next general election, it’s quite plausible that that will be under 30%. Our political system can’t cope with that sort of world,” he said.

Whether Ms Badenoch will still be laughing then remains to be seen.

This is part of a series of local election previews with the five major parties. All five have been invited to take part.

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PM and Trump step up trade talks – as chancellor warns it’s ‘foolish’ not to engage with China

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PM and Trump step up trade talks - as chancellor warns it's 'foolish' not to engage with China

It would be “foolish” to stop engaging with China, the chancellor has said, as Sir Keir Starmer held his first call with Donald Trump since he put 10% tariffs on goods imported from the UK.

Rachel Reeves will hold talks with the US next week amid efforts to establish a trade deal, which the government hopes will take the sting out of the president’s tariffs.

There has been speculation Washington may press the government to limit its dealings with China as part of that deal, having launched a tit-for-tat trade war with its economic rival.

But Ms Reeves told The Daily Telegraph:”China is the second-biggest economy in the world, and it would be, I think, very foolish, to not engage.

“That’s the approach of this government.”

She suggested she would back the fast fashion firm Shein launching an initial public offering (IPO) in the UK, saying the London Stock Exchange and Financial Conduct Authority have “very strict standards” and “we do want to welcome new listings”.

Shein, which was founded in China but is now based in Singapore, has faced several obstacles to its efforts to float, including UK political pressure over alleged supply chain and labour abuses.

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Sir Keir Starmer the Trump charmer.
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Sir Keir Starmer and Donald Trump met in February. Pic: PA

‘Productive discussions’

When it comes to a UK-US deal, The Daily Telegraph has reported officials in Washington believe an agreement could be weeks away.

But on Thursday, Mr Trump said he was in “no rush” to reach any deals because of the revenues his new tariffs are generating.

During Sir Keir’s call with the US president on Friday, the two leaders talked about the “ongoing and productive discussions” on trade between the two nations, according to a Downing Street spokesperson.

“The prime minister reiterated his commitment to free and open trade and the importance of protecting the national interest,” Number 10 said.

As well as the 10% levy on all goods imported to America from the UK, Mr Trump enacted a 25% levy on car imports.

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How Japan could shape the future of the NHS

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How Japan could shape the future of the NHS

The health secretary is taking inspiration from Japan in his bid to change how Britons are treated by the NHS.

Wes Streeting has said he’s interested in the idea of “health MOTs” for Britain’s older citizens, evoking how the Asian island nation relies on personalised medical plans for its ageing population.

Japan combines genomics and AI machine learning to offer hyper-bespoke programmes for individuals, helping to predict and prevent illnesses before they really take hold.

Mr Streeting said such an approach could be a “game-changer” in the UK, as he prepares to publish his 10-year plan for the health service later in 2025.

He has repeatedly spoken about his desire to move more of the NHS’s work out of hospitals and into local communities, focusing more on preventative care than more expensive and invasive emergency treatment.

Last year, NHS England – which is due to be scrapped – announced patients over 65 or those with frailty-related conditions would be given health MOTs outside emergency departments to avoid unnecessary admissions.

The tests checked for blood pressure, heart health and mobility.

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Why has Starmer axed NHS England?

‘A lot of opportunity’

Speaking to The Telegraph, the minister said Japan was an “interesting” case study to follow because it’s got a “very significant ageing society”.

Japan’s population has been shrinking and growing older for decades as young people delay marriage and having children largely due to unstable jobs and economic difficulties.

A 2023 survey found more than 1 in 10 people in Japan were aged 80 or older for the first time.

Mr Streeting has reportedly been briefed by an ex-Japanese health official about the country’s health programmes.

He told The Telegraph while the NHS faced “enormous challenges”, he believed advances in technology – notably around artificial intelligence – offered “a lot of opportunity and hope”.

He said he hoped personalised programmes like Japan’s could eventually be offered to everyone in the UK.

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