Legal challenges to Rishi Sunak’s Rwanda bill are “inevitable”, the illegal migration minister has admitted, as human rights organisations called on the government not to put the scheme into force.
Michael Tomlinson said the government wanted to ensure flights get off the ground “as soon as possible” but that there would undoubtedly be challenges to the legislation, which passed around midnight last night after months of parliamentary ping pong.
“There will be challenges, but we will meet them, we will overcome them,” he told Kay Burley on Breakfast.
Mr Sunak believes the Rwanda bill – which seeks to deport asylum seekers arriving in the UK via small boats to the African nation – will act as a deterrent for those who are considering making the dangerous Channel crossing.
Mr Tomlinson declined to give extensive details on the Rwanda flights, including which commercial airline and airport will be used, saying: “There are those who are determined to stop this, and if I go into detail such as that with you, then that will help those who are wanting to stop this.”
Following the bill’s passage, the United Nations and the Council of Europe urged ministers to reconsider the scheme.
Filippo Grandi, the UN high commissioner for refugees said the bill, which is likely to receive Royal Assent and pass into law this week, marked a “further step away from the UK’s long tradition of providing refuge to those in need, in breach of the Refugee Convention”.
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“Protecting refugees requires all countries – not just those neighbouring crisis zones – to uphold their obligations,” he said.
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1:53
Rwanda bill to become law
“This arrangement seeks to shift responsibility for refugee protection, undermining international cooperation and setting a worrying global precedent.”
Volker Turk, the UN high commissioner for human rights, criticised the bill for “reducing the UK’s courts’ ability to scrutinise removal decisions, restricting access to legal remedies in the UK and limiting the scope of domestic and international human rights protections for a specific group of people”.
The Council of Europe joined the UN in urging the government not to enact the scheme, with human rights commissioner Michael O’Flaherty arguing the UK “should refrain from removing people under the Rwanda policy and reverse the bill’s effective infringement of judicial independence”.
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8:48
Rwanda plan an ‘expensive gimmick’
The Rwanda bill will become law this week after the House of Lords, which had repeatedly expressed its displeasure with the bill, decided it would no longer oppose it following hours of wrangling last night in a bid to secure changes.
Rwandan government spokesperson Yolande Makolo said the country was “pleased” the legislation has passed.
She said the bill’s passage “doesn’t alter what we have always known to be true” – which is that Rwanda has “worked hard over the last 30 years to make Rwanda a safe and secure country for Rwandans and non-Rwandans alike”.
Labour’s shadow home secretary Yvette Cooper branded the scheme an “expensive gimmick” that will affect “less than 1% of asylum seekers” arriving in Britain.
Sir Keir Starmer has insisted the “vast majority of farmers” will not be affected by changes to Inheritance Tax (IHT) ahead of a protest outside parliament on Tuesday.
It follows Chancellor Rachel Reeves announcing a 20% inheritance tax that will apply to farms worth more than £1m from April 2026, where they were previously exempt.
But the prime minister looked to quell fears as he resisted calls to change course.
Speaking from the G20 summit in Brazil, he said: “If you take a typical case of a couple wanting to pass a family farm down to one of their children, which would be a very typical example, with all of the thresholds in place, that’s £3m before any inheritance tax is paid.”
The comments come as thousands of farmers, including celebrity farmer Jeremy Clarkson, are due to descend on Whitehall on Tuesday to protest the change.
And 1,800 more will take part in a “mass lobby” where members of the National Farmers’ Union (NFU) will meet their MPs in parliament to urge them to ask Ms Reeves to reconsider the policy.
Speaking to broadcasters, Sir Keir insisted the government is supportive of farmers, pointing to a £5bn investment announced for them in the budget.
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He said: “I’m confident that the vast majority of farms and farmers will not be affected at all by that aspect of the budget.
“They will be affected by the £5bn that we’re putting into farming. And I’m very happy to work with farmers on that.”
Sir Keir’s spokesman made a similar argument earlier on Monday, saying the government expects 73% of farms to not be affected by the change.
Environment, Farming and Rural Affairs Secretary Steve Reed said only about 500 out of the UK’s 209,000 farms would be affected, according to Treasury calculations.
However, that number has been questioned by several farming groups and the Conservatives.
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2:28
Farming industry is feeling ‘betrayed’ – NFU boss
Government figures ‘misleading’
The NFU said the real number is about two-thirds, with its president Tom Bradshaw calling the government’s figures “misleading” and accusing it of not understanding the sector.
The Country Land and Business Association (CLA) said the policy could affect 70,000 farms.
Conservative shadow farming minister Robbie Moore accused the government last week of “regurgitating” figures that represent “past claimants of agricultural property relief, not combined with business property relief” because he said the Treasury does not have that data.
Agricultural property relief (APR) currently provides farmers 100% relief from paying inheritance tax on agricultural land or pasture used for rearing livestock or fish, and can include woodland and buildings, such as farmhouses, if they are necessary for that land to function.
Farmers can also claim business property relief (BPR), providing 50% or 100% relief on assets used by a trading business, which for farmers could include land, buildings, plant or machinery used by the business, farm shops and holiday cottages.
APR and BPR can often apply to the same asset, especially farmed land, but APR should be the priority, however BPR can be claimed in addition if APR does not cover the full value (e.g. if the land has development value above its agricultural value).
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Mr Moore said the Department for the Environment, Farming and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Treasury have disagreed on how many farms will be impacted “by as much as 40%” due to the lack of data on farmers using BPR.
Lib Dem MP Tim Farron said last week1,400 farmers in Cumbria, where he is an MP, will be affected and will not be able to afford to pay the tax as many are on less than the minimum wage despite being asset rich.