Here’s how to buy renewable energy from your electric utility
Wind turbines in Dawson, Texas, on Feb. 28, 2023.
Mark Felix | Afp | Getty Images
As carbon emissions from fossil fuels keep warming the planet, eco-conscious consumers may wonder if there’s a way to buy electricity from renewable sources without installing technology like solar panels or windmills on their property.
In short, the answer is yes.
However, the option isn’t necessarily available to all homeowners and renters. It also often comes with a slight price premium, experts said.
Few people are aware they can buy green energy
Renewable energy sources — including wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal and biomass — accounted for about 21% of U.S. electricity generation in 2023, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.
Most, 60%, came from fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil. These energy sources release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere and contributes to global warming.
The White House aims for electricity generation to be free of greenhouse gas emissions by 2035.
A growing number of individuals and organizations are opting to shift away from fossil fuels: About 9.6 million customers bought 273 Terawatt hours of renewable energy through voluntary green power markets in 2022, according to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. That’s up fivefold from 54 TWh in 2012.
In the voluntary market, customers buy renewable energy in amounts that exceed states’ minimum requirements from utility companies. Over half of U.S. states have policies to raise the share of electricity sourced from renewables, though most targets are years away.
Voluntary purchases accounted for 28% of the renewable energy market (excluding hydropower) as of 2016, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. They help increase overall demand for renewable electricity, thereby driving change in the energy mix, the EPA said.
Photovoltaic solar panels at the Roadrunner solar plant near McCamey, Texas, on Nov. 10, 2023.
Jordan Vonderhaar/Bloomberg via Getty Images
The bulk of the increase is from corporations, according to NREL estimates. Residential sales have grown, too, but more slowly.
Just one in six U.S. adults know that they may have the option to buy renewable power, either from their electric company or another provider, according to most recent NREL survey data on the topic, published in 2011.
“The market does continue to grow every year in terms of sales and customers,” said Jenny Sumner, group manager of modeling and analysis at NREL, a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy.
“But very few people are aware” they can opt in to green programs, she said. “It’s just not something that’s top of mind for most people.”
How consumers can buy green power
Joe Raedle | Getty Images News | Getty Images
Wind turbines in Solano County, California, on Aug. 28, 2023.
Loren Elliott/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Power companies may offer “green pricing programs,” for instance.
Customers in these programs — also known as utility green power programs — pay their utility a “small premium” to get electricity from renewable sources, according to the U.S. Energy Department.
The cost generally exceeds that of a utility’s standard electricity service by about 1 to 2 cents per kilowatt hour, Sumner said.
That may roughly translate to about $5 to $15 more per month, Sumner said. It will ultimately depend on factors like program price and household energy use, she added.
Nearly half of Americans, 47%, said they were willing to pay more to get their electricity from 100% renewable sources, according to a 2019 poll by Yale University’s Program on Climate Change Communication. On average, they said they would be willing to pay $33.72 more per month.
Green power marketing programs
Consumers in some states can also opt into “green power marketing programs.”
Such states have “competitive” energy markets, meaning consumers can choose from among many different companies to generate their power. (Unlike with “green pricing programs,” the company generating the renewable power may not be the customer’s utility, which distributes the power.)
Residential green power options are available in these states with competitive (also known as “deregulated”) markets: California, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Texas and Virginia, according to the U.S. Energy Department and EPA.
These also tend to come with a premium, though in some regions they “may be price competitive with default electricity options,” the agencies wrote.
Community choice aggregation
With “community choice aggregation” programs, local governments buy power from an alternative green power supplier on behalf of their residents.
The municipality essentially operates as the supplier for the community’s electricity, Sumner said. These programs are especially prevalent in California, she said.
Unlike the other program types, residents generally don’t have to opt in to community choice programs; it’s typically automatic and consumers can opt out if they wish, Sumner said.
How renewable energy certificates (RECs) work
A solar farm in Imperial, California, on December 6, 2023.
Valerie Macon | Afp | Getty Images
Just because a consumer opts for renewable power doesn’t mean the electricity being pumped into their home is coming from those renewable sources.
This may sound strange. But it’s due to the physical nature of electricity and its movement through the shared electric grid.
“Once the electrons have been injected into the grid, there’s no way of tagging that these are ‘green’ electrons and these are not green,” said Joydeep Mitra, head of the power system program at Michigan State University. “Nobody knows which electrons are going where.”
Green energy programs instead rely on “renewable energy certificates,” or RECs.
The certificates are essentially an accounting mechanism for the generation and purchase of renewable energy, Mitra said.
You may not be getting the green power — but someone, somewhere is. And RECs keep track of it all.
Any consumer — even one who doesn’t have access to a green power program through their utility — can also purchase a REC as a separate, stand-alone product. It’s a way to provide extra funding to a renewable energy project, typically sold by a broker or marketer rather than a utility, Sumner said.
Buying these certificates separately doesn’t impact a consumer’s existing utility service relationship.
How to verify your electricity is green
Experts recommend choosing a green power option or REC that has been verified by an independent third party.
That’s because the voluntary sales and purchases of renewable energy aren’t subject to government oversight, according to the EPA and U.S. Energy Department.
One such independent body is the Center for Resource Solutions, a nonprofit that oversees the Green-e certification standard, the agencies said.
For example, Green-e polices the disclosures energy suppliers make to consumers about renewable energy, and verifies the purchase of that energy isn’t being counted toward state energy mandates, among other things.
In this new series, CNBC will examine what climate change means for your money, from retirement savings to insurance costs to career outlook.
Has climate change left you with bigger or new bills? Tell us about your experience by emailing me at gregory.iacurci@nbcuni.com.
The e-bike industry in the West has long been a tale of two territories. North Americans enjoy higher speeds and power limits for their electric bicycles while Europeans are held to much stricter (i.e. slower and lower) speed and power limits. However, things might change based on current discussions on rewriting European e-bike regulations.
New power levels are not totally without precedent, either. The UK briefly considered doubling its own e-bike power limit from 250 watts (approximately 1/3 horsepower) to 500 watts, though the move was ultimately abandoned.
But this time, the call for more power is coming from within the house – i.e., Germany. The Germans are the undisputed leaders and trend setters in the European e-bike market, accounting for around two million sales of e-bikes per year. Home to leading e-bike drive makers like Bosch, the country has yet another advantage when it comes to making – or regulating – waves in the industry.
And while there aren’t any pending law changes, the largest German trade organization ZIV (Zweirad-Industrie-Verband), which is highly influential in achieving such changes, is now discussing what it believes could be pertinent updates to current EU electric bike regulations.
Some of the new regulations involve creating rules maxing out power at levels such as 400% or 600% of the human pedaling input. But a key component of the proposed plan includes changing the present day power limit of e-bikes from 250W of continuous power at the motor to 750W of peak power at the drive wheel.
The difference includes some nuance, since continuous power is often considered more of a nominal figure, meaning nearly every e-bike motor in Europe wears a “250W” or less sticker despite often outputting a higher level of peak power. Even Bosch, which has to walk the tight and narrow as a leader in the European e-bike drive market, shared that its newest models of motors are capable of peak power ratings in the 600W level. That’s still far from the commonly 1,000W to 1,300W peak power seen in US e-bike motors, but offers a nice boost over an actual 250W motor.
Other new regulations up for discussion include proposals to limit fully-loaded cargo e-bike weights to either 250 kg (550 lb) for two-wheelers or 300 kg (660 lb) for e-bikes with more than two wheels. As road.cc explained, ZIV also noted that, “separate framework conditions and parameters must be defined for cargo bikes weighing more than 300 kg (see EN 17860-4:2025) as they differ significantly from EPACs and bicycles in their dynamics, design and operation.” Such heavy-duty cargo e-bikes, which often more closely resemble small delivery vans than large cargo bikes, are becoming more common in the industry and have raised concerns about cargo e-bike bloat, especially in dedicated cycling paths.
It’s too early to say whether European e-bike regulations will actually change, but the fact that key industry voices with the power to influence policy are openly advocating for it suggests that new rules for the European market are a real possibility.
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China just laid out a plan to roll out over 100,000 ultra-fast EV charging stations by 2027 – and they’ll all be open to the public.
The National Development and Reform Commission’s (NDRC) joint notice, issued on Monday, asks local authorities to put together construction plans for highway service areas and prioritize the ones that see 40% or more usage during holiday travel rushes.
The NDRC notes that China’s ultra-fast EV charging infrastructure needs upgrading as more 800V EVs hit the road. Those high-voltage platforms can handle super-fast charging in as little as 10 to 30 minutes, but only if the charging hardware is up to speed.
China had 31.4 million EVs on the road at the end of 2024 – nearly 9% of the country’s total vehicle fleet. But charging access is still catching up. As of May 2025, there were 14.4 million charging points, or roughly 1 for every 2.2 EVs.
To keep the grid running smoothly, China wants new chargers to be smart, with dynamic pricing to incentivize off-peak charging and solar and storage to power the charging stations.
To make the business side work, the government is pushing for 10-year leases for charging station operators, and it’s backing the buildout with local government bonds.
The NDRC emphasized that the DC fast chargers built will be open to the public. This is a big deal because a lot of fast chargers in China aren’t. For example, BYD’s new megawatt chargers aren’t open to third-party vehicles.
As of September 2024, China had expanded its charging infrastructure to 11.4 million EV chargers, but only 3.3 million were public.
Read more: California now has nearly 50% more EV chargers than gas nozzles
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