McDonald’s has lost the EU trademark for use of the term “Big Mac” in relation to chicken sandwiches.
The European Court of Justice (ECJ) upheld a complaint against the US fast food giant from Irish rival Supermac’s.
In 2017 Supermac’s attempted to revoke McDonald’s use of the term Big Mac, which the company had registered in 1996 for meat, fish and chicken sandwiches and a range of services at restaurants, including takeaway food and drive-through facilities.
Generally the rights of a holder to an EU Trademark are revoked on an application to the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) if it has not been put to genuine use within a five-year period.
Image: A Supermac’s restaurant in Ireland. Pic: PA
EUIPO dismissed Supermac’s application and confirmed McDonald’s use of the term for meat and chicken sandwiches, prompting the Irish company to challenge the decision.
Supermac’s argued at the ECJ that McDonald’s had insufficiently used the contested trademark in relation to “chicken sandwiches”.
It added that the US food giant’s evidence on the matter was essentially limited to the marketing of “meat sandwiches”.
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McDonald’s and the EUIPO put forward examples of advertisements and displayboards relating to “Grand Big Mac Chickens”.
But the court ultimately found the evidence was not sufficient to prove McDonald’s had used the contested trademark enough in relation to poultry products.
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“McDonald’s loses the EU trade mark Big Mac in respect of poultry products,” judges ruled.
“McDonald’s has not proved genuine use within a continuous period of five years in the European Union in connection with certain goods and services.”
In addition, the court considered whether McDonald’s had the right to Big Mac as a protected trademark in relation to branding restaurant services, including takeaway food and drive-through facilities.
The ECJ upheld Supermac’s complaint on this matter and overturned McDonald’s protection of the phrase for such purposes.
Each party was ordered to bear its own costs.
Supermac’s founder Pat McDonagh told Ireland’s Newstalk Radio the decision was “a big win for anyone with the surname Mac”.
“It does mean we can expand elsewhere with Supermac’s across the EU, so that is a big win for us today,” he said.
McDonald’s was unfazed by the ruling, which can be appealed to the ECJ but only on points of law.
“The decision by the EU General Court does not affect our right to use the ‘Big Mac’ trademark,” the company said in a press statement. “Our iconic Big Mac is loved by customers all across Europe, and we’re excited to continue to proudly serve local communities, as we have done for decades.”
Energy bills are set to fall from this July and will continue to drop in the autumn and winter, a forecaster has said.
Households will be charged £129 less for a typical annual bill from July as the energy price cap is due to fall, according to energy consultants Cornwall Insight.
From July, an average dual fuel bill will be £1,720 a year, 7% below the current price cap of £1,849 a year.
The price cap limits the cost per unit of energy and is revised every three months by the energy regulator Ofgem.
The official announcement from Ofgem will be made on Friday.
Bills had already been made more expensive for three three-month periods, or quarters, in a row, in October, January, and April, as wholesale gas prices rose and European stores of the fossil fuel were depleted due to cold weather.
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Electricity prices are tied to gas prices.
The UK is also heavily reliant on gas for home heating and uses a significant amount for electricity generation.
Drops when the cap is next changed in October and January will be “modest”, Cornwall Insight said.
Price falls are not a certainty, however, as weather patterns, gas storage rules, the war in Ukraine, and tariffs could all change pricing.
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Bills still high since Ukraine war
Energy costs have remained elevated following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and bills are still “well above” the levels seen at the start of the decade, said Cornwall Insight’s principal consultant, Dr Craig Lowrey.
“Prices are falling, but not by enough for the numerous households struggling under the weight of a cost-of-living crisis.
“As such, there remains a risk that energy will remain unaffordable for many,” he said.
“If prices can go down, they can bounce back up, especially with the unsettled global economic and political landscape we are experiencing. This is not the moment for complacency.”
The government was called on by Mr Lowrey to explore options such as social tariffs, where vulnerable customers could pay less.
Proposals, including zonal pricing, which would see different regions of the country pay different rates, based on local supply and demand levels, are important but must be balanced with the urgent affordability crisis people are facing now, he said.
The continued growth of domestically produced renewable energy is “a positive step forward” and a cause for optimism as it helps protect against global energy price shocks and improves energy security, Mr Lowrey added.
“That progress needs to continue at pace, not just for the net zero transition, but to help build a more stable and secure energy future for all.”
The UK and the EU have agreed a new trade deal – five years after Brexit kicked in.
Following six months of talks after Sir Keir Starmer promised a fresh deal when he became prime minister last July, the two sides have come to an agreement.
Here are the details:
eGates
British passport holders will be able to use more eGates in Europe to avoid the long border control queues that have become the norm since Brexit in many EU countries.
Pet travel
Pet passports will be brought back so cats and dogs coming from the UK will no longer need pricey animal health certificates for every trip. After Brexit, pet owners had to get a certificate from a vet in the UK then a vet in the EU before returning.
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Image: Pets will now be allowed to travel on a pet passport instead of having to have a health certificate every time they travel. Pic: iStock
Red tape on food and drink sales
A new sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) deal has been agreed to reduce red tape currently needed to import and export food and drink between the UK and the EU.
There is no time limit to this part of the deal, which the government says will reduce the burden on businesses and reduce lorry queues at the border.
The “vast majority” of routine checks and certificates for animal and plant products will be removed completely, including between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
The government says this could lower food prices and increase choice on supermarket shelves.
Some British foods that have been prevented from being sold in the EU since Brexit will be allowed back in again, including burgers and sausages.
Fishing rights
The current fishing deal agreed in 2020 will continue for 12 years.
There will be no increase in fish quotas.
Image: British fishing rights will continue for 12 years. Pic: PA
EU fishing vessels can fish in UK waters, but they require a valid licence, and there are annual negotiations on access and share of stock.
The UK government has announced a £360m investment into the fishing industry to go towards new technology and equipment to modernise the fleet, train the workforce, help revitalise coastal communities, support tourism and boost seafood exports.
Defence
A new security and defence partnership has been agreed so the UK defence industry can participate in the EU’s plan for a £150bn defence fund called Security Action for Europe (SAFE). This will support thousands of British jobs.
The UK and EU will also enhance cooperation over maritime security and accident reporting.
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Carbon tax
The deal will see closer co-operation on emissions by the UK and the EU, linking their own emissions trading systems.
The UK’s scheme sets a cap on the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions allowed from the power generation sector, energy-intensive industries and aviation, with companies issued allowances that they can trade with each other.
Under the deal, UK businesses will avoid being hit by the EU’s carbon tax, due to come in next year, which would have handed £800m to the EU.
Steel
British steel exports will be protected from new EU rules and tariffs to save UK steel £25m a year.
Further talks:
Youth mobility scheme
The UK and the EU have agreed to more negotiations on a youth mobility scheme to allow people aged 18-30 in the UK and the EU to move freely between countries for a limited period.
The scheme would include visas for young people working, studying, volunteering, travelling and working as au pairs.
Erasmus
The EU and the UK have agreed they should work towards an Erasmus programme, the student exchange programme which was scrapped when Brexit took place.
Catching criminals
The two sides have agreed to enter talks about the UK having access to EU facial images data to help catch dangerous criminals.
Migration
The two sides have agreed to further work on finding solutions to tackle illegal migration, including on returns and a joint commitment to tackle Channel crossings.
Electricity
The UK and the EU said they should explore the UK’s participation in the EU’s internal electricity market, including in its trading platforms.
Europe’s largest airline has seen annual earnings drop by 16% after cutting air fares – but revealed a price hike as it seeks to return to growth.
Ryanair reported profits after tax fell to €1.61bn (£1.35bn) for the year to 31 March, down from €1.92bn (£1.61bn) in 2024, still the second highest on record.
On average, plane tickets were 7% cheaper during this period than the 12 months before, it said.
There had been a 21% rise in fares in the year up to March 2024, which bosses had signalled was due to end.
Higher-for-longer interest rates and inflation in the first half of the year meant ticket prices had to come down, the budget carrier said.
But fares are already back on the rise, Ryanair’s chief executive Michael O’Leary said.
The airline “cautiously” expects to recover “most, but not all” of the fare decline, which he said will boost profits.
Demand for summer flights is “strong”, Mr O’Leary said, with peak fares “modestly” ahead of last year.
In recent months, that rebound has already been under way. Fares since April are on track to be “a mid-high teen per cent ahead” by the end of next month, compared with the same period last year.
That trend is expected to continue to July, August and September, Mr O’Leary said.
“While we cautiously expect to recover most, but not all of last year’s 7% fare decline, which should lead to reasonable net profit growth in 2025-26, it is far too early to provide any meaningful guidance,” he said.
“The final 2025-26 outcome remains heavily exposed to adverse external developments, including the risk of tariff wars, macro-economic shocks, conflict escalation in Ukraine and the Middle East and European air traffic control mismanagement/short staffing.”
Passenger numbers grew to a record 200 million on the back of cheaper fares, hitting a target that had been reduced due to delays in delivering new Boeing planes.
The US manufacturer has struggled with increased regulatory oversight after a door panel blew off an Alaska Airlines plane mid-flight in January last year. Strike action by staff had added to the delays.
The forecast for passenger numbers has been reduced again. Ryanair now aims to transport 206 million passengers in this financial year.
It hopes to reach 300 million passengers by 2034 and on Monday said it still expects to receive 300 new Boeing planes by 2033.