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In what appears to be a first of its kind, a new law was just enacted in Arizona that seems to have swept up some electric bicycles in an effort to outlaw kids operating off-road vehicles.

Arizona Governor Katie Hobbs has just signed into law Arizona Senate Bill 1567, which focuses on two key issues regarding off-highway vehicles (OHVs). The new law makes it a criminal offense for anyone to operate an OHV while consuming or possessing an open container of alcohol, and it also aims to prevent children from operating them by requiring a valid driver’s license and driver training. The former seems like a good idea, but it’s the latter that could pose a problem for kids riding recreational e-bikes.

The issue is the way Arizona defines OHVs. As stated in the new law, “An OHV is a motorized vehicle that is operated primarily off of highways and that is designed, modified or purpose-built primarily for recreational nonhighway all-terrain travel. An OHV includes a tracked or wheeled vehicle, utility vehicle, all-terrain vehicle, motorcycle, four-wheel drive vehicle, dune buggy, sand rail, amphibious vehicle, ground effects or air cushion vehicle and any other means of land transportation deriving motive power from a source other than muscle or wind.”

The legal definition of a “highway” is just a public road or street, not the colloquial highway we think of as high-speed roads. And while many e-bikes are designed for use on public roads, there are plenty of others, such as electric mountain bikes and trail bikes like Sur Ron-style light electric dirt bikes, that are obviously designed for non-road use. In Arizona’s broadly defined OHV category, technically these electric mountain bikes and other similar e-bikes could be swept up in the category of “transportation deriving motive power from a source other than muscle or wind,” i.e., a 250W to 750W e-bike motor.

In the US, electric bicycles are not regulated as motor vehicles at the federal level, but instead as consumer products just like all bicycles. However, Arizona’s state laws go further, painting with a broad enough brush to include some electric bicycles in the category of OHVs. While e-bikes designed for road use such as commuter, cargo, utility, and other road-going styles are likely safe as they are not considered “designed, modified, or purpose-built primarily for recreational nonhighway all-terrain travel”, there are several types of e-bikes, light electric trail bikes, electric mini-bikes and others that are certainly designed primarily for off-road all-terrain travel.

specialized levo sl kids
A young girl rides a Specialized Levo SL Kids model electric mountain bike

The new law, which was largely intended to prevent children from operating ATVs, side-by-side UTVs, and other similar off-road vehicles, lays out the penalties for underage violators operating an OHV in the state without a valid driver’s license.

For violators under 12 years old, the citation will be issued to the child’s parent or guardian. For violators between 12 and 15 years old, the citation can be issued to either the child or their parent/guardian.

Not only is electric mountain bike becoming a popular sport among teenagers, but there are even models such as the Specialized Levo SL Kids that are specifically designed for younger riders with smaller frames and reduced power.

Furthermore, even adult electric mountain bike riders could be impacted by this law if they don’t possess a valid driver’s license and haven’t completed Arizona’s upcoming OHV safety course.

Electrek’s Take

I’m not a lawyer here, but it seems like the law should have been crafted with a bit finer legalese to prevent this kind of bycatch from such a wide net. Unless Arizona’s goal was really to require a driver’s license to ride an electric mountain bike through a park, then someone screwed the pooch here. Sure, there have been sporadic e-bike bans before, but I don’t think the bill’s authors intended for this to apply to electric bicycles.

I’ve already heard from Arizona parents of kids who ride and who are working to get the law overturned or updated. With any luck, the state issues a clarification on the law to exclude off-road e-bikes or minibikes, many of which are popular with children as a common outdoor activity in the state. Without it, riding electric mountain bikes before getting a driver’s license is effectively illegal in the state of Arizona, at least unless you keep your fancy new eMTB on the pavement and tell the cop that it’s just a commuter with really good suspension.

specialized levo sl kids

via: ABC 12News

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Mahle CEO Arnd Franz says hydrogen will fail without fossil fuels

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Mahle CEO Arnd Franz says hydrogen will fail without fossil fuels

Echoing the words of hydrogen critics everywhere, Mahle Chairman Arnd Franz says that building out a hydrogen infrastructure won’t be possible without “blue” H made from fossil fuels.

If you’re not familiar with Mahle, they’re a legendary engineering firm perhaps best known (in my circles, at least) for their high-performance piston designs. But they’re big time, and their expertise extends far beyond the reciprocating machinations of the VR38DETT.

With that in mind, I don’t want to misrepresent the words of the esteemed Mr. Franz, who claims to be bullish on H’s prospects as a fuel. What I intend to do here, then, is shine a light on the space between Franz’ lines, read whatever’s in there, and then ask if you see what I see.

“We can’t achieve any CO2 emission reductions if you use natural gas or any other fossil sources to produce hydrogen,” Franz is quoted saying. “Today, the overwhelming portion of hydrogen production worldwide is around 90 million tons. That number is going to go up to 130 million tons until 2030. Currently, we have a flourishing and growing portion of that being more sustainable. By more sustainable, I mean blue and, eventually, green hydrogen. In our opinion, [blue hydrogen production is needed] to get the infrastructure going in order to get the ecosystem.”

I read that as saying that, today, there are no carbon emissions reduction benefits from using hydrogen as a fuel, because the overwhelming majority of those 90 million tons is being produced by natural gas and fossil fuels.

What’s more, everyone involved seems to trying to justify that with claims that fossil-generated hydrogen is some kind of “necessary evil” (my words) to build out a viable H ecosystem. See if you hear it, too.

“We will fail [with hydrogen technology] if we don’t use blue hydrogen,” Franz clarified. “Right now, hydrogen is produced from fossil sources with carbon capture, meaning we don’t let the carbon reach the atmosphere. Eventually, we need to get to wind and solar as the sources of energy to make hydrogen, and we believe the US has a really impressive program [thanks to] subsidies from the Inflation Reduction Act.”

And, if you believe in those good intentions – well, read a little about Chevron’s history of using patent law to block the development of nickel-hydride EV batteries in the 90s and early aughts and see if that changes your mind.

Nothing we don’t already know

MAN Trucks says hydrogen will never work, bets the farm on batteries

Earlier this year, MAN trucks’ CEO Alexander Vlaskamp told reporters that it was, “impossible for hydrogen to effectively compete with battery electric trucks.”

He was right then, and he’s still right now. “It’s one thing to have the technology and another thing for the technology to be viable,” Vlaskamp told the magazine Expansión (translated from Spanish). “Green hydrogen is not available for transportation and there is no point in switching from diesel to hydrogen if the energy source is not sustainable.”

Even so, MAN continues to develop hydrogen technology with surprising openness. And, by “openness,” I mean: he comes right out and says he’s only developing hydrogen tech to absorb subsidy money.

That’s my take, anyway. Let us know what you think of my “reading between the lines” of Mahle’s statement in the comments.

SOURCE | IMAGES: Mahle, via CCJ.

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UAW tells Stellantis workers to prepare for a fight, and vote for strike

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UAW tells Stellantis workers to prepare for a fight, and vote for strike

The UAW union’s Stellantis Council met yesterday to discuss the beleaguered carmaker’s “ongoing failure” to honor the agreement that ended the 2023 labor strike, and their latest union memo doesn’t pull many punches.

It’s not a great time to be Stellantis. Its dealers are suing leadership and threatening to oust the company’s controversial CEO, Carlos Tavares, as sales continue to crater in North America, it can’t move its new, high-profile electric Fiat, and it’s first luxury electric Jeep isn’t ready. And now, things are about to get bad.

In an email sent out by the UAW earlier today (received at 4:55PM CST), UAW President Shawn Fain wrote, “For years, the company picked us off plant-by-plant and we lacked the will and the means to fight back. Today is different. Because we stood together and demanded the right to strike over job security—product commitment—we have the tools to fight back and win … We unanimously recommend to the membership that every UAW worker at Stellantis prepare for a fight, and we all get ready to vote YES to authorize a strike at Stellantis.”

The dispute seems to stem from Stellantis’ inability to commit to new product (and continued employment) at its UAW-run plants and other failings to meet its strike-ending obligations. This, despite a €3 billion stock buyback executed in late 2023.

I’ve included the memo, in its entirety, below. Take a look for yourself, and let us know what you think of the UAW’s call for action in the comments.

UAW memo

SOURCE: UAW, via email.

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Kia EV9 GT caught with an active spoiler for the first time [Video]

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Kia EV9 GT caught with an active spoiler for the first time [Video]

Kia promises the new EV9 GT will have “enormous power,” but that’s not all. For the first time, the Kia EV9 GT was caught with an active spoiler, giving us a sneak peek at potential new upgrades.

The brand’s first three-row electric SUV is already making its presence known in the US, helping push Kia to back-to-back record sales months. Meanwhile, a more powerful, sporty variant is on the way.

Kia confirmed the EV9 GT will top off the electric SUV’s lineup in April. Packing “enormous power,” the high-performance GT model can accelerate from 0 to 62 mph (0 to 100 km/h) in 4 secs.

With a “high-output” dual-motor (AWD) system, the EV9 GT can quickly pick up speed despite weighing over 5,000 lbs.

Kia also equipped it with other high-performance features, such as a reinforced suspension and electronic braking system, for better control and stability.

We’ve already caught a glimpse of the performance electric SUV out testing, revealing aggressive new bumpers and wheels. Now, a new design feature has been spotted.

Kia-EV9-GT-active-spoiler
2024 Kia EV9 GT-Line (Source: Kia)

Kia EV9 GT could come with an active rear spoiler

The latest video from HealerTV shows the EV9 GT with what appears to be an active spoiler. As the reporter noted, it could be similar to the one spotted on the Genesis GV70 Magma.

Kia EV9 GT caught with an active rear spoiler

Tesla’s Model X also used to come with an active spoiler until it was dropped a few years back. Although the GT model was spotted with one, Kia could just be testing new features, so don’t get too excited yet.

Earlier this week, a video from HealerTV showed the front row of the EV9 GT, comparing it to the current GT-Line model.

Kia-EV9-GT-Line-interior
Kia EV9 GT-Line interior (Source: Kia)

Several differences can be immediately noticed, including a more aggressive, all-black design with a yellow stripe down the center of the seat.

Kia is set to launch the EV9 GT in early 2025. It will rival other performance SUVs like the Tesla Model X Plaid.

Although prices have yet to be confirmed, the GT model is expected to sit above the current GT-Line at $73,900. In comparison, Tesla’s Model X Plaid starts at $94,990 and can sprint from 0 to 60 mph in 2.5 secs.

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