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Former President Donald Trump’s photograph is seen on a digital display outside of the venue ahead of his afternoon keynote speech on the final day of the Bitcoin 2024 conference at Music City Center July 27, 2024 in Nashville, Tennessee. 

Jon Cherry | Getty Images News | Getty Images

NASHVILLE, Tenn. — A block away from the neon-lit buzz of Lower Broadway, where honky-tonk pours onto the city’s main drag at all hours, stands the Music City Center, a venue that’s hosted everything from craft beer conferences to a performance by the legendary Dolly Parton.

In late July, the complex filled up for something entirely different. It was the biggest bitcoin conference of the year, and the headline act was none other than former President Donald Trump.

For nearly 50 minutes on a Saturday afternoon in the country music capital, the Republican nominee for president extolled the virtues of bitcoin and spelled out what a second Trump administration would mean for the crypto industry to a packed crowd of conferencegoers who’d spent hours getting through the Secret Service’s tight security protocol.

“If crypto is going to define the future, I want it to be mined, minted and made in the USA,” Trump declared, in a message targeted to the industry’s bitcoin miners, who secure the network by running large banks of high-powered machines. “We will be creating so much electricity that you’ll be saying, ‘Please, please, President, we don’t want any more electricity. We can’t stand it!'”

The speech, which read like it was straight out of a bitcoiner’s bible, was quite the about-face for an ex-president who three years earlier had dismissed the cryptocurrency as a “scam.” Trump was, no doubt, lured by the potential of huge amounts of donor money from an industry that sees itself as under constant attack from the Biden-Harris administration and the heavy regulatory hand of SEC Chair Gary Gensler.

Trump told the audience in Nashville that he’d raised $25 million in crypto-related funds, a number that CNBC hasn’t been able to independently verify.

Turning Trump from a skeptic into a sudden bitcoin evangelist took the work, behind closed doors, of a small army of bitcoiners and other crypto advocates who were able to maneuver their way into the candidate’s inner circle. In particular, three friends in Puerto Rico came together to try and convince the Republican presidential hopeful of bitcoin’s value, and to eventually make that position loud and clear to a key audience in Nashville.

Donald Trump during his speech at the 2024 Bitcoin Conference in Nashville, TN.

The Washington Post | The Washington Post | Getty Images

In bitcoin parlance, Trump was “orange-pilled.” It’s a play on the phrase “red pill” from the 1999 film, “The Matrix.” In the movie, the main character, Neo (played by Keanu Reeves), is given a choice of taking a red pill, which offers access to the unsettling truth about the world, or a blue pill, which signifies a false but far more comforting version of reality.

Orange pill refers to bitcoin’s official color and represents a person’s dedication to bitcoin over fiat currencies.

Within the matrix of confidantes, friends, family members, and colleagues united in their mission to orange-pill Trump were the trio of Puerto Rico residents: Amanda Fabiano, the shadow chief of bitcoin miners; Tracy Hoyos-López, a former California prosecutor; and David Bailey, CEO of media group BTC Inc. and organizer of the conference in Nashville.

Earlier this year, Bailey promised to turn out $100 million and 5 million votes for Trump. CNBC is told an update on fundraising numbers is coming soon.

Over Memorial Day weekend at a steak house called Bottles in the Guaynabo suburb of San Juan, the three began mapping out a plan as they shared family-style dishes.

Here’s how Fabiano recounted the initial exchange to CNBC.

“We were at dinner with a bunch of people, and David was like, ‘Hey, I’ve been talking to the administration, and I want to do a roundtable on mining, Can we chat this weekend?'” Fabiano said.

Bailey had spent months in dialogue with the Trump campaign, swapping bitcoin briefs and messages. He was about to make the 1,600-mile trek to meet the former president for the first time at Trump Tower in Manhattan, and was keen to deliver details of a potentially lucrative fundraiser and a miners working group featuring some of the top CEOs in the industry. It would serve as a prelude for what was to come in Nashville.

Hoyos-López, Bailey’s neighbor, had been recently orange-pilled, and was anxious to help out any way she could in getting Trump to Nashville. She happened to have a contact in the Trump orbit who was willing to make an introduction. Meanwhile, Fabiano’s history in bitcoin mining was important in giving the group street cred.

“Without Amanda, we wouldn’t have had the legitimacy to sell that this is a legitimate business,” Hoyos-López said. “She is the mining queen. She’s got all the miners.”

Hoyos-López added that many miners are former Wall Street executives.

“If you want to be taken seriously, you have to take serious people,” she said. “And it doesn’t get any more serious than miners.”

The Trump campaign didn’t respond to multiple inquiries about Trump’s latest crypto fundraising stats, his changed views on bitcoin and the events leading up to his appearance in Nashville.

Tracy Hoyos-López and Amanda Fabiano snapped a quick photo before smartphones were confiscated ahead of the crypto industry roundtable with Donald Trump in Music City Center in Nashville.

Tracy Hoyos-López

‘Who would we put in the room?’

Bitcoin and some other cryptocurrencies are created by miners around the world running high-powered computers that collectively validate transactions and simultaneously create new tokens. Their massive physical presence shows up in the form of sprawling data centers across the globe and offers a tangible image for newbies to understand an otherwise abstract technology.

Fabiano described it as a natural fit “when thinking about how to explain bitcoin to Trump in a way that makes sense.”

Bitcoin often gets a bad rap for the amount of energy it consumes, which is just shy of how much power Egypt uses annually. But as mining requires tremendous amounts of energy, the industry is developing innovative methods of producing and sharing it.

Miners can partner with utilities in a way that allows them to return energy to the grid when there’s excessive demand. They’re also utilizing untapped sources of renewable energy, often concentrated in remote parts of the country, helping to create an economy in areas that would otherwise be dormant. That could all lead to the U.S. becoming a greater producer of energy, which is of particular importance to satisfy the needs of the artificial intelligence boom.

Bailey confirmed that he flew to New York to meet with Trump, but he wouldn’t share specifics about what was said in the meeting. What’s clear is that, soon thereafter, Trump agreed to host about a dozen crypto executives and experts for a 90-minute roundtable in a small tea room at his Mar-a-Lago Club in Palm Beach, Florida.

That meeting took place in mid-June, two weeks after the dinner at Bottles.

To get Trump on board with the big shindig in Nashville, Bailey, Fabiano and Hoyos-López knew they needed the right mix of people to clearly explain the virtues of mining and to convince the nominee that donations would be large enough to make the event worth his time.

“It was like, Who would we put in the room? Who would be the best people to explain this, right? Who would be willing to put dollars up, kind of put their skin in the game? And that was how it all got started,” Fabiano said.

Those who committed to going pitched in $500,000 apiece to a fundraising committee, according to multiple attendees.

Fabiano, who had never previously been involved in politics or campaigning, said the biggest concern among prospective attendees was the fear of appearing partisan. She said ahead of the meeting there was “a prep call for agenda items.”

Fabiano put together a presentation for the Trump team with background material on the miners who would be at the Mar-a-Lago roundtable to show that, “We are real people, and we are real businesses, and you should take us seriously.”

With thunderstorms bearing down on the Atlantic coast, the Mar-a-Lago attendees, including representatives from Riot PlatformsMarathon Digital HoldingsTerawulf and Core Scientific, forfeited their smartphones to a Radio Frequency Identification pouch that blocked incoming and outgoing signals. From under a large chandelier, they listened to the former president engage on the nuances of America’s energy deficit, bitcoin mining, AI and competition with China.

“That roundtable really set off like, OK, this industry is real, and they’re showing up with dollars, and they’re showing up with like, actual smart things to say and agenda items that are important to America,” said Fabiano.

After years of facing political backlash, Fabiano said she was glad Trump took an active interest in “digging in and learning about why this industry is real” and “why we’re not a bunch of criminals.”

Fabiano and crew knew they weren’t starting from scratch with Trump.

Bailey started talks with the Trump camp in March. In April, Trump launched his latest nonfungible token collection on the Solana blockchain. In May, he became the first major presidential nominee to accept cryptocurrency donations. He’d started talking on the campaign trail about defending so-called self-custody of coins and vowed at the Libertarian National Convention in May to keep Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., and “her goons” away from bitcoin holders.

In early June in San Francisco, technologists, crypto executives and venture capitalists paid up to $300,000 per ticket to join a Trump fundraiser that ultimately raised more than $12 million. The more Trump raised, the more he leaned into his newfound support.

BTC Inc. CEO David Bailey and industry liaison for the Bitcoin Advocacy Project, Tracy Hoyos-López, in the Bitcoin 2024 “war room” ahead of the industry roundtable with Donald Trump.

Tracy Hoyos-López

“There are a lot of people in Trump’s orbit that are fans of bitcoin,” said Bailey. “There are members of his family that are fans of bitcoin. Donald Trump has sold real estate for bitcoin. I just bought a pair of sneakers from him in bitcoin.”

Bailey said Trump’s journey from cynic to fan is relatable. He said Michael Saylor, the billionaire founder of MicroStrategy, was once a skeptic and that he’s been on a personal journey himself for 12 years.

“There is no necessarily single person who’s responsible for orange-pilling him,” Bailey said, of Trump. “I think in terms of him having a 180 on this topic, that is really a very natural thing.”

After months of dialogue with Trump and his aides, Bailey said he thinks the former president’s attraction to bitcoin is that it “represents a transformational opportunity for the country.”

“In that sense, I think it’s kind of a match made in heaven,” he said.

Getting to ‘yes’

Hoyos-López said the period between the Mar-a-Lago meeting in June and the Nashville conference late last month was “agonizing,” as the group waited for an answer.

The first “yes” from the Trump camp was to the meeting in Manhattan, and the news was delivered by phone to Hoyos-López while Bailey was in Japan. The conference was more than a month out. Hoyos-López said she jumped in her car and drove to Bailey’s house so she and his wife, Emily, could prepare the one suit he had in his closet.

“We couldn’t find any dry cleaners that would have this in time in Puerto Rico,” Hoyos-López said. “We ended up having to get super creative, like putting his suit in the dryer, putting his suit in the sun, steaming it.”

There was a lot of work to be done in a little amount of time.

Soon after the Mar-a-Lago roundtable, Trump said yes to Nashville.

“I’m a criminal attorney, I was a prosecutor, so I’m used to dealing with very big and very emotional moments, but not treating them as such,” Hoyos-López said. “While everyone is excited and celebrating, I’m like, ‘Alright, well, we need to sit down and figure out.'”

Three months earlier, Bailey’s wildest dream was to get Trump to Nashville. He talked about it often with his core group of friends in Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory with crypto-friendly policies, including huge tax breaks to those who spend at least 183 days on the island each year.

“Never in a million years, did we think we were going to be here,” Hoyos-López said. “Getting a presidential candidate to the Bitcoin Conference was definitely one of the coolest things that I probably will ever do in my life.”

At the conference, Hoyos-López, Fabiano, and Bailey worked to stage a second roundtable with Trump. They brought in a wider set of industry participants, including the Winklevoss twins, Coinbase Chief Legal Officer Paul Grewal and Cantor Fitzgerald CEO Howard Lutnick. Kid Rock, Billy Ray Cyrus and some top mining executives were also there, along with a smattering of politicians.

Attorney and bitcoiner Tracy Hoyos-López sat down with Donald Trump as part of an industry working group.

Tracy Hoyos-López

Trump, in his keynote, donned a blue-and-white-striped tie and an American flag pinned to the lapel of his navy blue suit. He declared that a Trump White House would “keep 100% of all the bitcoin the U.S. government currently holds or acquires into the future,” and said he would fire SEC Chair Gensler.

To Fabiano, Bailey, and Hoyos-López, the stakes couldn’t possibly be higher, as Democratic nominee Kamala Harris gains momentum in the polls.

“Our industry as a whole will cease to exist if Trump doesn’t win,” Hoyos-López said. “There are some rumors out there that Harris is trying to change her stance on crypto as a whole, and to appear more friendly, but I just don’t believe anything that they say.”

Hoyos-López said she’s now focused on getting out votes and rallying bitcoiners who she says are “single-issue voters.”

“Yes, the money that you get in is very important,” she said. “But what really matters at the end of the day is votes.”

Less than a week after leaving Nashville, Fabiano, Hoyos-López, and Bailey were back together closer to home to process all that had happened. They met at a restaurant called Santaella and shared a mix of Puerto Rican tapas, including a personal favorite — goat cheese quesadilla with nuts and honey on top.

“We just sat down and had a conversation about like, ‘Holy crap. We did this,'” Hoyos-Lopez said. “We created the table, and we brought everyone to the table, which is literally what this community is all about.”

WATCH: Trump caters to crypto crowd

Trump caters to crypto crowd

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Block leads rebound in fintech stocks as analysts downplay JPMorgan data fee risk

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Block leads rebound in fintech stocks as analysts downplay JPMorgan data fee risk

Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey testifies during a remote video hearing held by subcommittees of the U.S. House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee on “Social Media’s Role in Promoting Extremism and Misinformation” in Washington, U.S., March 25, 2021.

Handout | Via Reuters

Block jumped more than 5% on Monday, leading a rally in shares of fintech companies as analysts downplayed the threat of JPMorgan Chase’s reported plan to charge data aggregators for access to customer financial information.

The recovery followed steep declines on Friday, after Bloomberg reported that JPMorgan had circulated pricing sheets outlining potential fees for aggregators like Plaid and Yodlee, which connect fintech platforms to users’ bank data.

In a note to clients on Monday, Evercore ISI analysts said the potential new expenses were “far from a ‘business model-breaking’ cost increase.”

In addition to Block’s rise, PayPal climbed 3.5% on Monday after sliding Friday. Robinhood and Shift4 recorded modest gains.

Broader market momentum helped fuel some of the rebound. The Nasdaq closed at a record, and crypto rallied, with bitcoin climbing past $123,000. Ether, solana, and other altcoins also gained.

JPMorgan announces plans to charge for access to customer bank data

Evercore ISI’s analysts said that even if JPMorgan’s changes were implemented, the most immediate effect would be a slight bump in the cost of one-time account setups — perhaps 50 to 60 cents.

Morgan Stanley echoed that view, writing that any impact would be “negligible,” especially for large fintechs that rely more on debit, credit, or stored balances than bank account pulls for transactions.

PayPal doesn’t anticipate much short-term impact, according to a person with knowledge of the issue. The person, who asked not to be named in order to speak about private financial matters, noted that PayPal relies on aggregators primarily for account verification and already has long-term pricing contracts in place.

While smaller fintechs that depend heavily on automated clearing house (ACH) rails or Open Banking frameworks for onboarding and compliance may face real pressure if the fees take effect, analysts said the larger platforms are largely insulated.

WATCH: Congress moves to redraw $3.7 trillion crypto market rules, opening door to Wall Street

Congress moves to redraw $3.7 trillion crypto market rules, opening door to Wall Street

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EV sales hit 9.1M globally in H1 2025, but the US just hit the brakes

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EV sales hit 9.1M globally in H1 2025, but the US just hit the brakes

The global EV market is still charging ahead. According to new numbers from global research firm Rho Motion, 9.1 million EVs were sold worldwide in the first half of 2025, up 28% compared to the same period last year. But not every region is accelerating at the same pace.

China and Europe are doing the heavy lifting

More than half of the world’s EVs this year have been bought in China. That market hit 5.5 million sales in the first six months of 2025 – a 32% jump year-over-year. Around half of new cars bought in China are now electric.

While some Chinese cities’ subsidies have dried up, Rho Motion expects momentum to pick back up later in the year as more funding is released.

In Europe, 2 million EVs were sold in the first half of the year, up 26%. Battery electric vehicle (BEV) sales also rose 26%, thanks in part to affordable models like the Renault 4 (pictured) and 5 entering the market. Plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) weren’t far behind, growing 27% year-to-date. Chinese automakers are leaning into PHEVs as a way to work around the EU’s new tariffs on BEVs.

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Spain is leading the pack with EV sales soaring 85% so far this year. Its generous MOVES III incentive program was extended in April and has kept sales strong. The UK and Germany are also seeing solid growth – 32% and 40%, respectively. France, however, is slumping. With subsidies cut, EV sales there have dropped 13%.

North America is stuck in the slow lane

Things aren’t looking quite as bright in North America. EV sales in the US, Canada, and Mexico are up just 3% so far this year.

Mexico is the one bright spot, with a 20% boost. The US is up 6%. But Canada is down a whopping 23%.

And things could get bumpier. On July 4, Trump signed Congress’s big bill into law, which axes all the Inflation Reduction Act EV tax credits. Those consumer credits for EVs now officially end on September 30.

Just over half of the EVs sold in the US this year qualified for those credits. Rho Motion predicts a rush in Q3 before the subsidies disappear – and a decline in sales after that.

Rho Motion data manager Charles Lester said, “With Trump’s latest cuts in his ‘Big Beautiful Bill,’ the US could struggle to see any growth in the EV market overall in 2025.”

Global EV sales snapshot, H1 2025 vs H1 2024

  • Global: 9.1 million (+28%)
  • China: 5.5 million (+32%)
  • Europe: 2.0 million (+26%)
  • North America: 0.9 million (+3%)
  • Rest of world: 0.7 million (+40%)

Read more: China breaks records as global EV sales hit 7.2 million in 2025


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The Lucid Air is crushing the competition as the best-selling luxury EV sedan in the US

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The Lucid Air is crushing the competition as the best-selling luxury EV sedan in the US

Lucid’s electric sedan can drive further, charge faster, and packs more advanced tech than most of the competition. That might explain why it’s leading the segment. The Lucid Air remained the best-selling luxury EV sedan in the US after widening its lead in the Q2.

The Lucid Air is America’s best-selling luxury EV sedan

The 2025 Lucid Air Pure arrived as the “World’s most efficient car” with an EPA-estimated range of 420 miles and a record 146 MPGe.

It just set a new Guinness World Record last week for the longest journey by an electric car after travelling 749 miles (1,205 km) on a single charge.

That record was set in the range-topping Lucid Air Grand Touring model, which is rated for up to 512 miles of EPA-estimated range. On the WLTP scale, it’s rated at 597 miles (960 km). Either way, it still crushed the estimates.

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According to second-quarter sales data, released by Kelley Blue Book on Monday, the Lucid Air is still America’s best-selling luxury EV.

Lucid sold 2,630 Air models in Q2, up 10% from the previous year. Through the first half of 2025, Lucid Air sales are up 17% with 5,094 units sold.

Lucid-Air-best-selling-luxury-EV-sedan
Lucid Air (Source: Lucid)

Tesla, on the other hand, only sold 1,435 Model Ss during the quarter, 71% fewer than it did in Q2 2024. Tesla Model S sales in the US are down 70% through the first half of the year at 2,715.

Although Porsche Taycan sales were up 32% with 1,064 models sold, the significantly upgraded 2025 model year was expected to see even more demand. Porsche has 2,083 Taycans in the US this year, up just 1% from 2024.

Lucid-best-selling-luxury-EV-sedan
Lucid Air Pure interior (Source: Lucid)

Other luxury EV sedans, such as the BMW i5 (1,434), i7 (820), and the Mercedes EQS (498), experienced steep double-digit sales declines year-over-year.

And it’s not just electric luxury sedans. The Lucid Air is currently outselling many gas-powered vehicles in its segment.

Lucid-Air-best-selling-luxury-EV-sedan
Lucid Air (left) and Gravity (right) Source: Lucid

Lucid’s first electric SUV, the Gravity, is also rolling out. Although only five were sold in the second quarter, Lucid is quickly scaling production. Lucid aims to produce 20,000 vehicles this year, more than double the roughly 9,000 it built in 2024.

Earlier today, Lucid’s interim CEO, Marc Winterhoff, confirmed during an interview with Bloomberg that the company expects higher Gravity output in the second half of the year.

The interview was at the grand opening of Panasonic’s new battery cell plant in De Soto, Kansas. Winterhoff said Lucid will start using new cells from the facility, but not until next year.

Lucid’s CEO stressed the importance of establishing a local supply chain, as policy changes under the Trump Administration are taking effect. Lucid and Panasonic are collaborating to localize EV materials, such as graphite. Last month, Lucid secured a multi-year supply agreement with Graphite One for US-sourced Graphite.

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