In recent years, Sur Ron-style electric trail bikes have surged in popularity among young riders across the US. These lightweight, nimble, and powerful machines are quickly becoming the go-to choice for adrenaline-seeking youth, and there are several reasons behind this trend.
First defined by the Sur Ron electric motorbikes that largely built the category in the latter part of the last decade, electric trail bikes have become popular among younger riders who favor their combination of freedom, power and accessibility.
Just don’t confuse them with actual electric bicycles. Unlike most e-bikes, whether more traditional electric mountain bikes or even the moped-style SUPER73 and other imitation mopeds, electric trail bikes like those from Talaria, Sur Ron, Tromox, and others are a far cry from street-legal electric bicycles.
A Sur Ron owned by Electrek’s Editor-in-Chief Fred Lambert
It’s not just that they lack pedals, immediately removing them from the electric bicycle category altogether. But they’re also usually around 5-10x more powerful than a typical electric bicycle, feature long-travel full suspension for more aggressive riding, and are priced at a fraction of what an honest-to-goodness dirt bike or street motorcycle usually costs. They’re also incredibly accessible, meaning they take little more experience than a bicycle to ride and don’t require the operator to understand the intricacies of fiddling with a carburetor or swearing while searching around for a 10mm socket each weekend.
Basically, they’re the Honda 50 of today’s generation, minus the exhaust and the oil stains. They’re ubiquitous, affordable, and easier to ride than ever before. Except that, unlike the good ol’ Honda 50, they aren’t exactly street-legal. At least, not most of the time. More on that in a moment.
A blend of power and control
Sur Ron-style electric trail bikes offer a unique combination of power and control that appeals to younger riders, especially those in their teens and twenties. With their powerful electric motors, these bikes can reach impressive speeds, yet they remain easy to handle thanks to their lightweight and intuitive design. Even the most entry-level of the category can often reach speeds of up to 40 mph (64 km/h). Many riders know how to tinker their way to higher speeds on such models, though new offerings that push speeds closer to 60 mph (96 km/h) are quickly joining the market.
This balance of high power and simple controls makes them accessible to beginner riders looking for a thrill. However, it can also lead to many new riders getting in over their heads when they haven’t built up the requisite skills and experience to handle what can prove to be too much power for the uninitiated.
Luna Cycle has become the most popular US source for Talaria and other Sur Ron-style electric motorbikes
Low maintenance and cost-effective
Compared to their gas-powered counterparts, electric trail bikes require significantly less maintenance. There’s no need for oil changes, keeping a fuel can handy, or making complex engine repairs that require poring over a grease-smudged owner’s manual in the garage. This makes ownership much more convenient and affordable for young riders.
The cost-effectiveness of these bikes, combined with lower operating costs, also helps make them an attractive option for those on a budget. With Millennials and Zoomers more cash-strapped than ever, the ability to get their speed and power fix for a few thousand dollars compared to a much more expensive “real” motorcycle is an enticing option. A traditional dirt bike might cost $5-10k when purchased new, not including all the other costs of ownership. An electric motorcycle can be even more expensive, though lower-cost electric motorcycles are becoming more common. But an electric trail bike like a Sur Ron or Talaria can cost as little as $3k, making them far more accessible to younger riders. And after the initial purchase, the cost of ownership is nearly zero.
Even more importantly, unlike larger combustion engine motorcycles that usually require a trip to a dealership and a complicated ordering process, ordering an electric trail bike can be as simple as clicking ‘Buy Now’ on Amazon. A few days later, a cardboard box full of adrenaline and questionable decision-making shows up in your driveway. Cruising at 50 mph is just one click away.
Legal gray area leaving plenty of wiggle room
Electric trail bikes like those from Sur Ron, Talaria, and others exist in something of a legal gray area.
They certainly aren’t street legal in most areas, but they also usually aren’t required to be registered for off-road use, either. California is one of the few states that has made headway in issuing regulations regarding such motorbikes, but most states simply haven’t had time for their laws to catch up with the proliferation of affordable light electric motorbikes like these.
While these types of bikes are inherently designed for off-road riding, many young riders treat them more like street bikes for cruising the neighborhood. This is illegal just about everywhere in the US since these vehicles don’t meet electric bicycle requirements or DOT requirements for street vehicles. But the lack of familiarity of such laws among many local law enforcement departments means that many riders have gotten away with skirting the laws.
Mounted police stop a teen riding a Sur Ron-style motorbike on a California bike path
Community and culture
The rise in popularity of Sur Ron-style electric bikes has led to the growth of a passionate community, both in local rider groups and online.
Riders connect through social media as well as group rides and events, sharing their experiences and tips. This sense of community is a significant draw for young riders who enjoy being part of a larger movement and culture that celebrates adventure and innovation, doing so on a shared platform like an electric trail bike.
The ease of modifications and customizations for these bikes, as well as the fairly sophisticated accessories aftermarket, also helps young riders customize their rides as a sense of self-expression. It’s something we’ve seen before in the electric bicycle community, especially among companies like SUPER73 that have developed significant rider culture and brand loyalty, but now the trend has pushed further into the trail bike community as well.
Not without backlash
While young riders have flocked to these powerful and lightweight electric motorbikes in large numbers, the number of detractors has also grown.
Their rise in popularity has not been without controversy. Critics of these bikes have raised concerns about their impact on trail environments, user safety, and the broader implications for outdoor recreation.
One of the primary points of contention is the potential environmental impact of these powerful electric bikes on trails traditionally used by hikers, mountain bikers, and other non-motorized activities. Ironically, while these zero-emission vehicles aren’t impacting pollution levels, they often result in physical damage to the local environment when used in inappropriate areas.
Trails designed for powerful motorbikes differ from those intended for hikers and mountain bikers
Many motocross tracks and dirt bike trails are specifically designed to handle the power and impact of high-torque motors combined with aggressive tires, but more delicate mountain bike trails are not. These trails are often narrower and built on softer terrain that blends into the local ecosystem, serving as a living playground that balances nature and recreation.
Riders of Sur Ron-style electric motorbikes have been increasingly encroaching upon mountain bike trails, often leading to conflicts. Critics argue that the powerful motors and increased speed capabilities of these bikes can result in more significant wear and tear on trails, contributing to erosion and damage to sensitive ecosystems.
Additionally, there is concern that these bikes might encourage off-trail riding, which can further disturb wildlife habitats and fragile plant life.
A Talaria bike owned by Electrek’s founder Seth Weintraub
Another major source of backlash comes from conflicts between motorbike riders and other trail users. Traditional trail users such as hikers, equestrians, and mountain bikers often share these natural spaces, and the introduction of fast-moving electric motorbikes can create tension. There have been reports of near-misses as well as dangerous accidents, with critics arguing that the speed and quiet operation of these bikes can catch others by surprise, increasing the risk of collisions. This has led to calls for stricter regulations or even bans on electric bikes in certain areas to preserve the safety and enjoyment of all users.
Unfortunately, traditional electric mountain bikes are sometimes caught up in this storm, as other trail users often fail to differentiate between a more traditional 20 mph electric mountain bike and a 45 mph Talaria trail bike.
Note the differences between the FREY electric mountain bike (left) and the TROMOX electric trail bike (right)
Finally, there is a growing concern about the behavior of some Sur Ron-style bike riders.
Critics argue that the thrill-seeking nature of many young riders can lead to irresponsible riding practices, such as excessive speeding, ignoring trail etiquette, and riding in prohibited areas – both on and off-road.
This has fueled a negative perception of electric trail bike riders in some communities, leading to increased scrutiny and stricter enforcement of existing rules.
The popularity of Sur Ron-style electric trail bikes among young riders in the US is no passing fad. These bikes offer an exciting blend of power, sustainability, and ease of use that resonates with the values and desires of today’s youth. But at the same time, the illegal road use and potential for trail damage when ridden in inappropriate locations raises serious and legitimate concerns among diverse groups ranging from neighborhood fist shakers to mountain biking communities.
As technology continues to advance, and as more riders discover the joys of electric biking, it’s likely that this trend will only grow stronger in the coming years. But the responsible use of such machines will also become more important if riders hope to continue to enjoy the same type of freedom to operate and ride.
There’s little doubt that the popularity of these bikes will continue to grow, and thus finding solutions that protect both the environment and the safety of all trail users will be essential.
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That network of dependable high-speed chargers, paired with solid app integration that makes it easy for Tesla drivers to find available chargers just about anywhere in the US, gave the brand a leg up – but no more. By opening up the Supercharger network to brands like Ford, Hyundai, Kia, and others, Tesla has given away its biggest competitive advantage.
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Add in charging and route-planning apps like Chargeway, that make navigating the transition from CCS to NACS easier than ever with its intuitive colors and numbers and easy on/off switch for vehicles equipped with NACS adapters, and it feels like the time is right to start suggesting alternatives to the old EV industry stalwarts. As such, that’s exactly what I’m going to do.
Here, then, are my picks for the best Tesla S3XY (and Cybertruck) alternatives you can buy.
Less Model S, more Lucid Air
Lucid Air sedans; via Lucid.
Developed by OG Tesla Model S engineers with tunes from Annie Get Your Gun playing continuously in their heads, the Lucid Air promises to be the car Tesla should and could have built, if only Elon had listened to the engineers.
With panel fit, material finish, and overall build quality that’s at least as good as anything else in the automotive space, the Lucid Air is a compelling alternative to the Model S at every price level – and I, for one, would take a “too f@#king fast” Lucid Air Sapphire over an “as seen on TV” Model S Plaid any day of the week. And, with Supercharger access reportedly coming later this quarter, Air buyers will have every advantage the Supercharger Network can provide.
HONORABLE MENTIONS
Less Model 3, more Hyundai IONIQ 6
2025 Hyundai IONIQ 6 Limited; via Hyundai.
Hyundai has been absolutely killing it these days, with EVs driving record sales and new models earning rave reviews from the automotive press. Even in that company the IONIQ 6 stands out, with up to 338 miles of EPA-rated range and lickety-quick 350 kW charging available to make road tripping easy – especially now that the aerodynamically efficient IONIQ 6 has Supercharger access through a NACS adapter (the 2026 “facelift” models get a NACS port as standard).
Once upon a time, Mrs. Jo Borrás and I were shopping three-row SUVs and found ourselves genuinely drawn to the then-new Model X. Back then it was the only three-row EV on the market, but it wasn’t Elon’s antics or access to charging, or even the Model X’s premium pricing that squirreled the deal. It was the stupid doors.
We went with the similarly new Volvo XC90 T8 in denim blue, and followed up the big PHEV with a second, three years later, in Osmium Gray. When it’s time to replace this one, you can just about bet your house that the new 510 hp EX90 with 310 miles of all-electric range will be near the top of the shopping list.
The sporty EV6 GT made its global debut by drag racing some of the fastest ICE-powered cars of the day, including a Lamborghini, Mercedes-AMG GT, a Porsche, even a turbocharged Ferrari – and it beat the pants off ’em. Combine supercar-baiting speed with an accessible price tag, NACS accessibility, $10,000 in customer cash on remaining 2024 models ($3,000 on 2025s) and just a hint of Lancia Stratos in the styling, the EV6 is tough to beat.
If you disagree with that statement and feel like driving a new Tesla Cybertruck is the key to happiness, I’m not sure an equally ostentatious GMC Hummer EV or more subtle Rivian R1T will help you scratch that particular itch – but maybe therapy might!
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BYD Shenzhen, the world’s largest car transport ship (Source: BYD)
Republicans launched multiple attacks against EVs, clean air and American jobs this week, at the behest of the oil industry that funds them. These attacks won’t be successful, and EVs will continue to grow regardless, and inevitably take over for outdated gasoline vehicles.
However, these republican attacks on EVs will still have some effect: they will diminish the US auto industry globally, leading to job losses and surrendering one of the jewels in the crown of American industry to China, where there is no similar effort to destroy its own domestic EV industry.
But they should inspire worry for Americans, because they will only harm the country’s domestic manufacturing base in the face of a changing auto industry.
Republicans keep trying to kill clean cars
The last time a republican occupied the the White House, we saw similar efforts to try to raise fuel and health costs for Americans, and to block superior EV technology from flourishing. That didn’t work in the end, and EVs continued to grow both during that period and after.
All the while, fossil fuels have maintained their privileged policy position, being allowed to pollute with impunity and costing the US $760 billion per year in externalized costs. Much of that subsidy is accounted for in the cost of pollution from gas cars, which are one of the primary uses of fossil fuels, which means that, in fact, gasoline vehicles receive much more subsidy than EVs do.
And yet, EVs still managed to grow substantially, despite these headwinds. EV sales have continued to grow, both in the US and globally, even as headlines incorrectly say otherwise. The republican party’s attempts to kill them were futile, and will continue to be.
It didn’t work, but it did delay progress
However, anti-EV actions from Mr. Trump and the republican party did manage to delay progress from where it could have been if America actually instituted smart industrial policy earlier.
Surely the American auto industry would be ahead of where it is now if those investments had had time to come online. But instead, republicans are currently trying to kill those jobs, which has already led to several manufacturing projects being cancelled this year, depriving Americans of the economic boost they need right now.
Meanwhile, there’s one place that this sort of stumbling isn’t happening: China.
China is taking advantage
China has spent more than a decade focusing on securing material supply, building refining capacity, developing their own battery technology, and encouraging local EV manufacturing startups.
This has paid off recently, as Chinese EVs have been rapidly scaling in production in recent years. It took a lot of the auto industry by surprise how rapidly Chinese companies have scaled, and how rapidly Chinese consumers have adopted them, after having an initially slow start.
But that adoption hasn’t just been local, it’s also global. Last year, China became the largest auto exporter in the world, taking a crown that Japan had held for decades. But the change was even more dramatic than that – as recently as 2020, China was the sixth-largest auto exporter in the world, just behind the US in 5th place.
China’s dramatic turn upward started in 2020, and now it’s in first place. Meanwhile, because of all the faffing about, the US remains exactly where it was in 2020 – still in fifth place. Well, sixth now, since China eclipsed us (and everyone else).
But tariffs have been tried before, and they didn’t work. When Japan had a similarly meteoric rise to global prominence as an auto manufacturer in the 1970s and 80s, largely due to their adoption of new technology, processes, and different car styles which incumbents were ignoring, the US tried to stop it with tariffs.
All this did was make US manufacturers complacent, and Japan still managed to seize and maintain the crown of top auto exporter (occasionally trading places with Germany) from then until now.
Then as now, the true way to compete is to adapt to the changing automotive industry and take EVs seriously, rather than giving the auto industry excuses to be complacent. But instead, republicans aren’t doing that, and in fact are working to ensure the American auto industry doesn’t adapt, by actively killing the incentives that were leading to a boom in domestic manufacturing investment.
US auto industry jeopardized by republicans
Make no mistake about it: destroying EV incentives, and allowing companies to pollute more and innovate less, will not help the US auto industry catch up with a fast moving competitor.
As we at Electrek have said for years, you cannot catch up to a competitor that is both ahead of you and moving faster than you.
It also applies to nations, which could have spent the last decade doing what the Chinese auto industry has been doing, but instead non-Chinese automakers have been begging their governments for more time, even though it’s not the regulations that threaten them, it’s competition from a new and motivated rival that is moving faster and in a more determined manner towards the future.
The way that we get around this should be clear: take EVs seriously.
But that’s not what republicans are doing, and in doing so, they are signing the death warrant for an important US industry in the long term.
Another thing republicans are trying to kill is the the rooftop solar credit, which means you could have only until the end of this year to install rooftop solar on your home before the cost of doing so goes up by an average of ~$10,000. So if you want to go solar, get started now, because these things take time and the system needs to be active before you file for the credit.
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International equipment manufacturer Vermeer has unveiled a full-scale prototype of its Interlune excavator, a machine designed to ingest 100 metric tons of rocks and dirt per hour, extracting valuable helium as it makes its way across the surface … of the Moon.
Helium plays a critical role in the manufacturing of semiconductors, chips, optics, and all the other stuff that makes EVs, autonomy, the Internet, and the rest of twenty-first century life possible. The problem is that, despite being the second-most common element in the universe, helium is pretty rare on Earth – and we are rapidly running out. As such, there are intense economic and political pressures to find new and reliable sources of helium somewhere, anywhere else, and that demand has sparked a new modern space race focused on harvesting helium on the Moon and getting it back home.
To that end, companies like American lunar mining startup Interlune and the Iowa-based equipment experts at Vermeer are partnering on the development of suite of interplanetary equipment assets capable of digging up lunar materials like rocks and sand from up to three meters below the surface, extract helium-3 (a light, stable isotope of helium believed to exist in abundance on the Moon), then package it, contain it, and ship it back to Earth.
“When you’re operating equipment on the Moon, reliability and performance standards are at a new level,” says Rob Meyerson, Interlune CEO. “Vermeer has a legacy of innovation and excellence that started more than 75 years ago, which makes them the ideal partner for Interlune.”
The company showed a scaled prototype of the machine at the 2025 Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas (above), emphasizing the need to develop new ways to operate equipment assets in the extreme temperatures of extraplanetary environments beyond diesel or even hydrogen combustion.
On the airless surface of the moon, it would be impossible for an internal combustion engine to operate on the moon’s surface because there is no oxygen for combustion. Electrically powered machines seem the obvious solution with solar power generation supplying the electricity. But the answer is not that simple.
Temperature changes on the surface of the moon are extreme. They can soar to 110° C and plummet to -170° C. Developing electric construction machinery to perform in this environment is no easy task, but Komatsu is tackling issues one by one as they appear. Using thermal control and other electrification technologies, we are engineering solutions.
Despite Komatsu’s apparent head start, however, Vermeer seem to pulled ahead – not just in terms of machine development, but in terms of extraction potential as well.
“The high-rate excavation needed to harvest helium-3 from the Moon in large quantities has never been attempted before, let alone with high efficiency,” said Gary Lai, Interlune co-founder and CTO. “Vermeer’s response to such an ambitious assignment was to move fast. We’ve been very pleased with the results of the test program to date and look forward to the next phase of development.”
Interlune is funded by grants from the US Department of Energy and NASA TechFlights. In 2023, the company received a National Science Foundation (NSF) Small Business Innovation Research award to develop the technology to size and sort lunar regolith (read: dirt). Interlune has raised $18 million in funding so far, and is planning its first mission to the Moon before 2030.
Electrek’s Take
Interlune helium harvester concept; via Interlune.
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