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This picture taken on May 1, 2024 shows professors and students looking at a Minimal Fab, a small-scale semiconductor factory that does not require a clean room, at Tokyo University in Tokyo. (Photo by Yuichi YAMAZAKI / AFP) (Photo by YUICHI YAMAZAKI/AFP via Getty Images)

Yuichi Yamazaki | Afp | Getty Images

Japanese semiconductor equipment providers have been counting on China as their largest source of revenue, even as they have got caught in the U.S.-China crossfire.

Japanese semiconductor equipment powerhouse Tokyo Electron with a market cap of nearly $72 billion, saw its share of China revenue jump to 44% in financial year ended March 2024 compared with 23% a year earlier, according to the company’s earnings report.

That share increased to nearly 50% in the first quarter of financial year 2025 compared with 39.3% in the same period last year.

Screen Holdings, meanwhile, generated as much as 43% of its total sales from China in the financial year ended March 2024, up from 19% in financial year 2023. That share rose to 51% in the first quarter of the current financial year from 23% in the same period last year.

The company expects China sales share to be at 41% for the fiscal year ending in March 2025.

The large business of Japanese chip companies in China underscores the challenge that the U.S. ally faces in balancing White House’s demands with its domestic economic interests.

The U.S. is introducing new export-control measures, including for quantum computing and chip-related goods, according to a statement from the Department of Commerce on Friday.

The manufacturing equipment that Japanese companies are supplying to China is expected to be for legacy chips, used in cars rather than smartphones or for training advanced artificial intelligence models.

Bloomberg reported earlier this week that China had threatened to retaliate if Japan further expanded its export controls on equipment sales to China.

Beijing refuted that report and said it was “committed to keeping the global industrial and supply chain secure and stable,” Mao Ning, China’s Foreign Ministry spokeswoman said at a regular press briefing Monday, adding that its export control measures have been “just, reasonable and non-discriminatory.”

When Japan first introduced export controls to limit sales of chip equipment to China in June last year, China’s Ministry of Commerce called it an “abuse of export control” and “serious violation of WTO’s mandated duties,” according to a CNBC translation of the ministry’s statement in Mandarin.

China has been under increasing pressure from the the U.S. and allies that have sought to cut the country’s access to the most advanced chips.

China has not been able to secure chip-making equipment from Dutch firm ASML, which is the only supplier of tools capable of making some of the more advanced chips. The country’s government has blocked the equipment’s exports to China.

But analysts expect that China will soon be able to produce the majority of chips it needs for most applications.

China has ramped up its purchases of chip-making equipment since the second quarter of 2023, according to industry body SEMI, which said in a Thursday report that China purchased about $25 billion worth of chip equipment in the first half of 2024, more than the combined total of the U.S., South Korea, Taiwan and Japan combined.

—CNBC’s Evelyn Cheng and Arjun Kharpal contributed to this report.

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CNBC Daily Open: Some hope after last week’s U.S. market rout

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CNBC Daily Open: Some hope after last week's U.S. market rout

Traders work on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) on Nov. 21, 2025 in New York City.

Spencer Platt | Getty Images

Last week on Wall Street, two forces dragged stocks lower: a set of high-stakes numbers from Nvidia and the U.S. jobs report that landed with more heat than expected. But the leaves that remained after hot tea scalded investors seemed to augur good tidings.

Even though Nvidia’s third-quarter results easily breezed past Wall Street’s estimates, they couldn’t quell worries about lofty valuations and an unsustainable bubble inflating in the artificial intelligence sector. The “Magnificent Seven” cohort — save Alphabethad a losing week.

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics added to the pressure. September payrolls rose far more than economists expected, prompting investors to pare back their bets of a December interest rate cut. The timing didn’t help matters, as the report had been delayed and hit just as markets were already on edge.

By Friday’s close, the S&P 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average lost roughly 2% for the week, while the Nasdaq Composite tumbled 2.7%.

Still, a flicker of hope appeared on the horizon.

On Friday, New York Federal Reserve President John Williams said that he sees “room” for the central bank to lower interest rates, describing current policy as “modestly restrictive.” His comments caused traders to increase their bets on a December cut to around 70%, up from 44.4% a week ago, according to the CME FedWatch tool.

And despite a broad sell-off in AI stocks last week, Alphabet shares bucked the trend. Investors seemed impressed by its new AI model, Gemini 3, and hopeful that its development of custom chips could rival Nvidia’s in the long run.

Meanwhile, Eli Lilly’s ascent into the $1 trillion valuation club served as a reminder that market leadership doesn’t belong to tech alone. In a market defined by narrow concentration, any sign of broadening strength is a welcome change.

Diversification, even within AI’s sprawling ecosystem, might be exactly what this market needs now.

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And finally…

The Beijing music venue DDC was one of the latest to have to cancel a performance by a Japanese artist on Nov. 20, 2025, in the wake of escalating bilateral tensions.

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Japanese concerts in China are getting abruptly canceled as tensions simmer

China’s escalating dispute with Japan reinforces Beijing’s growing economic influence — and penchant for abrupt actions that can create uncertainty for businesses.

Hours before Japanese jazz quintet The Blend was due to perform in Beijing on Thursday, a plainclothesman walked into the DDC music club during a sound check. Then, “the owner of the live house came to me and said: ‘The police has told me tonight is canceled,'” said Christian Petersen-Clausen, a music agent.

— Evelyn Cheng

Correction: This report has been updated to correct the spelling of Eli Lilly.

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Meta halted internal research suggesting social media harm, court filing alleges

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Meta halted internal research suggesting social media harm, court filing alleges

Meta halted internal research that purportedly showed that people who stopped using Facebook became less depressed and anxious, according to a legal filing that was released on Friday.

The social media giant was alleged to have initiated the study, dubbed Project Mercury, in late 2019 as a way to help it “explore the impact that our apps have on polarization, news consumption, well-being, and daily social interactions,” according to the legal brief, filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California.

The filing contains newly unredacted information pertaining to Meta.

The newly released legal brief is related to high-profile multidistrict litigation from a variety of plaintiffs, such as school districts, parents and state attorneys general against social media companies like Meta, Google’s YouTube, Snap and TikTok.

The plaintiffs claim that these businesses were aware that their respective platforms caused various mental health-related harms to children and young adults, but failed to take action and instead misled educators and authorities, among several allegations.

“We strongly disagree with these allegations, which rely on cherry-picked quotes and misinformed opinions in an attempt to present a deliberately misleading picture,” Meta spokesperson Andy Stone said in a statement. “The full record will show that for over a decade, we have listened to parents, researched issues that matter most, and made real changes to protect teens—like introducing Teen Accounts with built-in protections and providing parents with controls to manage their teens’ experiences.”

A Google spokesperson said in a statement that “These lawsuits fundamentally misunderstand how YouTube works and the allegations are simply not true.”

“YouTube is a streaming service where people come to watch everything from live sports to podcasts to their favorite creators, primarily on TV screens, not a social network where people go to catch up with friends,” the Google spokesperson said. “We’ve also developed dedicated tools for young people, guided by child safety experts, that give families control.”

Snap and TikTok did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The 2019 Meta research was based on a random sample of consumers who stopped their Facebook and Instagram usage for a month, the lawsuit said. The lawsuit alleged that Meta was disappointed that the initial tests of the study showed that people who stopped using Facebook “for a week reported lower feelings of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and social comparison.”

Meta allegedly chose not to “sound the alarm,” but instead stopped the research, the lawsuit said.

“The company never publicly disclosed the results of its deactivation study,” according to the suit. “Instead, Meta lied to Congress about what it knew.”

The lawsuit cites an unnamed Meta employee who allegedly said, “If the results are bad and we don’t publish and they leak, is it going to look like tobacco companies doing research and knowing cigs were bad and then keeping that info to themselves?”

Stone, in a series of social media posts, pushed back on the lawsuit’s implication that Meta shuttered the internal research after it allegedly showed a causal relationship between its apps and adverse mental-health effects.

Stone characterized the 2019 study as flawed and said it was the reason that the company expressed disappointment. The study, Stone said, merely found that “people who believed using Facebook was bad for them felt better when they stopped using it.”

“This is a confirmation of other public research (“deactivation studies”) out there that demonstrates the same effect,” Stone said in a separate post. “It makes intuitive sense but it doesn’t show anything about the actual effect of using the platform.”

CNBC’s Lora Kolodny contributed reporting.

WATCH: Final trades: Meta, S&P Global and Idexx Lab.

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Google’s new AI model puts OpenAI, the great conundrum of this market, on shakier ground

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Google's new AI model puts OpenAI, the great conundrum of this market, on shakier ground

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