It’s a momentous day in UK industrial history, in two respects. But what have the closures of the last blast furnace at Port Talbot and the final British coal-fired power station at Ratcliffe-on-Soar got to do with one other?
In one respect the common factor is coal. The blast furnace at Port Talbot is one of the last remaining descendants of the key technology invented in Britain during the early Industrial Revolution.
Abraham Darby pioneered the process of using coal (a baked form of coal called coking coal, to be precise) to refined iron ore – turning it into what is known as pig iron.
That, along with the basic oxygen process devised by Henry Bessemer, was among the foundational inventions which happened in Britain, and helped to kick-start the fossil fuel age that followed.
Blast Furnace No 4 at Port Talbot is not the last remaining such facility in the country – there are also two blast furnaces still operating at British Steel in Scunthorpe – but all of these furnaces will soon be gone, replaced with electric arc furnaces, which produce steel in a far less carbon-intensive way.
All of which sounds like good news – but there’s a catch we’ll come back to in a moment. In the meantime, let’s take a second to ponder another landmark moment: the end of coal power.
Image: Port Talbot in Wales. Pic: PA
Britain was also the first country in the world to have an operational coal-fired power station – the 1882 plant in Holborn. And today it has closed its last remaining coal-fired power station.
In one sense this is only a formalisation of something that has been creeping up on the UK for some time: the gradual switch from coal-fired power to a combination of gas power and renewables.
Advertisement
Image: Ratcliffe-on-Soar Power Station. Pic: PA
Gas-fired power stations are better than coal plants in at least three respects: they are more efficient at turning fuel into power, they are quicker to switch on and off and they emit about half the amount of carbon.
But this switch is not without its consequences. Coal, like it or not, is still a cheaper form of power than gas – at least before you take into account carbon costs. And unlike gas, coal supplies are not as dependent on Russia.
Also, Britain’s switch from cheap-ish coal towards more expensive gas and renewables (themselves dependent on a rainbow of government subsidies) is part of the explanation for why the country currently has some of the most expensive power costs in the developed world.
Indeed, industrial power prices, which are most directly affected since they absorb most of the subsidies for renewables, are higher than in any other developed country.
And since electric arc furnaces are powered by electricity (as the name suggests), our ability to make steel at a reasonable price will be determined in future by those industrial power costs.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
4:20
From May: The price of going green?
In other words, green steel in the UK is likely to be considerably more expensive, in part because of how quickly the UK is pushing towards green power.
It’s worth saying, that the push towards renewables is not the only reason for high UK power prices. There is also the fact that the grid in this country is short of investment – not to mention the dysfunctionalities of the way wholesale power markets are structured.
But eye-wateringly high power prices are part of the explanation for why industry is shifting away from Britain to cheaper locations. It is part of the explanation for why this country is de-industrialising faster than nearly every other developed nation.
That, in turn, is helping to reduce the amount of carbon emitted in this country. But it’s also helping to diminish the number of people employed in manufacturing and the amount of economic output generated by the sector.
The government has signalled that plans to bring a second runway at Gatwick into regular use will get the green light if environmental conditions are met.
Transport Secretary Heidi Alexander said she was “minded to approve” the airport’s plans but the deadline for a decision had now been pushed back until the end of October.
The main stumbling blocks facing Gatwick’s proposals are related to its provisions for noise prevention and public transport.
The Planning Inspectorate had made recommendations in those two areas after initially rejecting the scheme.
The airport welcomed the government’s statement but did not say whether it saw a need to adjust its plans to meet the conditions.
Gatwick has until April 24 to respond to the new proposals.
More on Gatwick
Related Topics:
The northern runway already exists at the airport parallel to the main one, but cannot be used at the same time as it is too close.
It is currently limited to being a taxiway and only used for take-offs and landings if the main one has to shut.
Gatwick wants to move it 12 metres further away to solve this problem.
Image: The northern runway is currently only used for emergencies or where the main one is closed. Pic: PA
It says being able to run both at the same time would allow around 100,000 more flights per year and create 14,000 jobs.
Gatwick says the £2.2bn project would not need government money, would be 100% privately funded, and could be complete by the end of the decade.
The airport is already the second busiest in the UK, and the busiest single runway airport in Europe.
Campaigners argue the additional traffic would be catastrophic for the environment and the local community in particular.
Today’s update comes after the chancellor said last month the government also supported a third runway at Heathrow as part of its wider effort to bolster UK economic growth.
However, the formal planning process is still to take place.
Gatwick’s additional runway would be unlikely to open until the end of the decade, assuming any legal challenges were swiftly overcome.
A government source told Sky News: “The transport secretary has set out a path to approving the expansion of Gatwick today following the Planning Inspectorate’s recommendation to refuse the original application.
“This is an important step forward and demonstrates that this government will stop at nothing to deliver economic growth and new infrastructure as part of our Plan for Change.
“Expansion will bring huge benefits for business and represents a victory for holidaymakers. We want to deliver this opportunity in line with our legal, environmental and climate obligations.
“We look forward to Gatwick’s response as they have indicated planes could take off from a new runway before the end of this Parliament.”
Stewart Wingate, Gatwick’s chief executive, said: “We welcome today’s announcement that the Secretary of State for Transport is minded to approve our Northern Runway plans and has outlined a clear pathway to full approval later in the year.
“It is vital that any planning conditions attached to the final approval enable us to make a decision to invest £2.2bn in this project and realise the full benefits of bringing the Northern Runway into routine use.
“We will of course engage fully in the extended process for a final decision.”
He added: “We stand ready to deliver this project which will create 14,000 jobs and generate £1bn a year in economic benefits. By increasing resilience and capacity we can support the UK’s position as a leader in global connectivity and deliver substantial trade and economic growth in the South East and more broadly.
“We have also outlined to government how we plan to grow responsibly to meet increasing passenger demand, while minimising noise and environmental impacts.”
A spokesperson for campaign group Communities Against Gatwick Noise Emissions (Cagne) responded: “We welcome the extension by the secretary of state until October as she has obviously recognised the many holes in the Gatwick airport submissions during the planning hearings.
“Cagne do not believe Gatwick has been totally up front with their submissions, and the planning hearings left so many questions unanswered.”
Greenpeace UK’s policy director, Doug Parr, said of the process ahead: “By approving Gatwick’s expansion the government will hang a millstone the size of a 747 around the country’s neck.
“Such a decision would be one that smacks of desperation, completely ignoring the solid evidence that increasing air travel won’t drive economic growth. The only thing it’s set to boost is air pollution, noise, and climate emissions.”
Ed Woodward, the former Manchester United chief, has been approached about joining the vehicle which owns stakes in clubs including Crystal Palace and Olympique Lyonnais.
Sky News has learnt that Mr Woodward, who left Old Trafford in 2022, a year after United’s involvement in the ill-fated European Super League project, is being lined up as an independent director of Eagle Football Holdings as it prepares to list in the US.
Sources said on Thursday that it was not certain that Mr Woodward’s appointment would go ahead, but confirmed that he had been approached about his first mainstream football directorship since ending his long stint at the former Premier League champions.
Mr Woodward spent 17 years at Old Trafford, having played a key role in the Glazer family’s debt-fuelled takeover of the club in 2005.
Eagle Football, which is controlled by the American businessman John Textor, is expected to file confidentially with US regulators for an initial public offering in the next fortnight.
The vehicle owns a 45% stake in Crystal Palace, which it has been trying to sell for months but may now retain as a result of the club’s improved performance in English football’s top flight.
More from Money
Last summer, Sky News revealed that Eagle Football had hired investment banks including Stifel and TD Cowen to advise on the IPO, with Bloomberg News adding this week that UBS is also working on the deal.
The Eagle Football board is understood to have added Mr Textor’s former FuboTV colleague Alex Bafer, the Trilith Studios president and chief executive Frank Patterson and finance executive Sam Lynn as directors in recent weeks.
Its lenders are currently represented on the board, although these directors are expected to step down in the event of the company becoming publicly traded.
If the IPO proceeds, Eagle Football is expected to try to raise several hundred million dollars at a valuation of more than $2bn.
The vehicle also owns the Brazilian champions Botafogo, RW Molenbeek in Belgium and FC Florida.
Last year, Mr Textor held talks about buying Everton FC, but was eventually outbid by the AS Roma owner, Dan Friedkin.
Had he been successful, Mr Textor would have had to complete the sale of his Palace stake under Premier League ownership rules.
Raine Group, which handled the sale of Chelsea in 2022 and a minority stake in Manchester United to Sir Jim Ratcliffe the following year, has been overseeing the potential disposal of Eagle Football’s Crystal Palace stake.
A number of parties have expressed serious interest, including a group advised by the football financier Keith Harris.
However, a transaction is not thought to be imminent.
In the past, Mr Textor has spoken about his belief that public ownership of football teams provides fans with greater transparency about the running of their clubs.
He has described this as the democratisation of ownership – an issue likely to be at the heart of a bill on football regulation when it is reintroduced to parliament by the new Labour government.
If Eagle Football’s filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission proceeds in the coming weeks, its stock would be expected to commence trading several months later.
Mr Textor could not be reached for comment, while Mr Woodward did not respond to a request for comment on Thursday.
Nvidia has signalled no drop in demand for its flagship chips among big artificial intelligence (AI) spenders despite the low-cost challenge posed by Chinese rival DeepSeek.
The leading AI chipmaker said it expected Blackwell sales to continue to grow after its latest earnings beat market expectations.
Nvidia forecast revenue of around $43bn (£34bn) for its first quarter after achieving a figure of $39.3bn (£31bn) over its last three months – up 12% from the previous quarter and 78% from one year ago.
Just a month ago, its shares took a hammering when it emerged DeepSeek‘s primary chatbot, which uses lower-cost chips, had become the most popular free application on Apple’s App Store across the US.
Nvidia’s shares lost almost $600bn in market value in a day.
It also prompted investors to question whether the AI-led stock market rally of recent years was overblown.
There was anxiety ahead of Nvidia’s earnings report though shares only fell fractionally in after-hours dealing.
More from Money
Market analysts suggested demand from Microsoft, Amazon and other heavyweight tech companies racing to build AI infrastructure remained robust, given Nvidia’s revenue guidance even though the bulk of it is accounted for through data centres.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
Nvidia founder Jensen Huang said Nvidia has ramped up the massive-scale production of Blackwell and achieved “billions of dollars in sales in its first quarter”.
“Demand for Blackwell is amazing as reasoning AI adds another scaling law – increasing compute for training makes models smarter and increasing compute for long thinking makes the answer smarter.
“AI is advancing at light speed as agentic AI and physical AI set the stage for the next wave of AI to revolutionise the largest industries,” he said.
Derren Nathan, head of equity research at Hargreaves Lansdown, said of the report: “The longer-term investment case for the driver of the AI train is looking difficult to pick holes in, with Meta’s $200bn just one of the latest mega investments in data centres to be unveiled recently.
“By virtue of scale, growth may be slowing a little but upgrades to analysts full-year numbers can be expected off the back of today’s results. At a around 30x forward earnings, the valuation still doesn’t look overcooked.”