Could burying wood be the solution to combat climate change?
Researchers have discovered an innovative method to help tackle climate change: burying wood underground. A 3,775-year-old log found in Canada has shown that wood can preserve its carbon content for thousands of years when buried in the right conditions. This discovery, led by climate scientist Ning Zeng, suggests a low-cost, scalable way to lock carbon away.
The Preservation of Carbon in Buried Wood
The ancient cedar log was found unexpectedly during an experiment in Quebec. It remained intact for millennia due to the protective layer of clay and oxygen-deprived groundwater, which shielded it from decomposers like fungi and bacteria. Radiocarbon dating confirmed that less than five percent of its carbon had been lost over nearly 4,000 years.
Burying Wood to Reduce CO2 Emissions
Forests naturally absorb vast amounts of carbon dioxide, but most of it is released back into the air when trees decompose. This study proposes that by burying wood, especially in ideal soil conditions, the release of carbon can be significantly slowed. Zeng’s research estimates that buried wood could capture up to 10 billion tons of CO2 annually — equivalent to over a quarter of global emissions from energy.
A Practical and Cost-Effective Solution
The tools required for this method are simple — a tractor and backhoe. Additionally, it could utilise wood that has no commercial use, lowering costs. While finding appropriate locations for burial poses a challenge, this low-tech solution may be an effective complement to high-tech carbon capture methods.
Reversing the Climate Crisis
In essence, this approach is akin to reversing the process of coal formation, where vegetation buried over millions of years became one of the main contributors to climate change. This simple method of burying wood might play a crucial role in the fight against rising temperatures.
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A stunning solar eruption captured on video on the night of May 12-13 has revealed a 600,000-mile-long filament blasting away from the sun’s northern hemisphere. The outburst occurred around 8 p.m. EDT (0000 GMT) and spanned a distance more than twice that between Earth and the moon. A massive solar filament suspended above the sun’s surface became unstable and erupted, blasting a CME into space along with a cloud of plasma and magnetic energy. Preliminary models show Earth is nowhere in the firing range of this fiery ejection, but researchers are still watching the phenomenon closely.
Sun’s 600,000-Mile-Long ‘Angel-Wing’ Eruption Stuns Skywatchers, Signals Rising Solar Activity
As per the Space.com report, the eruption originated from a filament structure composed of dense, cooler solar plasma held aloft by magnetic fields. These structures often appear as dark ribbons across the sun’s disk and can become unstable without warning. Solar observers noted that this latest eruption dwarfed similar recent events, both in scale and intensity. Aurora chaser Jure Atanackov remarked that the CME from the blast was among the most spectacular seen this year, although fortunately, it is headed north and will miss Earth.
The event, dubbed the “angel-wing” or “bird-wing” eruption by observers online, was widely shared among solar watchers. Vincent Ledvina, another aurora chaser, noted its incredible visual impact, describing it as a sight worth watching on loop. The eruption is, in fact, so long, by more than a million kilometres, that it is of scientific interest and visually striking as well. Geomagnetic storms resulting from this kind of CME can affect satellites, communication systems, and even Earth.
Although it foreshadows the unpredictable nature of our host star, this particular CME does not pose a threat to Earth at the moment. Solar activity is ramping up as we approach the peak of Solar Cycle 25 in 2025. What’s more, more — and maybe more Earth-threatening — solar explosions could follow.
As a reminder of the formidable and delicate forces at play relatively close by on Earth, the sun remains a source of wonder for astronomers and skywatchers alike.
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Over 80 years, dark matter has been a great mystery for the researchers. Elusive of direct observation, it has made its existence known only by the gravitational impacts it makes on cosmic structures. Even though there is a lot of indirect evidence of its existence, the real nature of dark matter is still unknown. An important attribute of its particle is mass. While past studies have constrained the mass of fermionic dark matter using quantum principles like Pauli’s exclusion principle, bosonic dark matter remained less constrained. In a recent study, scientists have estimated a new lower bound on the mass of ultra-lightweight bosonic dark matter particles.
About the study
According to the study published in Physical Review Letters, the mass of ultralight bosonic dark matter must be more than 2 × 10-21 electron volts (eV), 100 times more than previous estimates using Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
The team of researchers, led by the first author of the study, Tim Zimmermann, a Ph.D. candidate at the Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, focused their method on the data of Leo II, the Milky Way’s satellite galaxy. It is a dwarf galaxy 1,000 times smaller than the Milky Way. By analyzing the internal motions of stars within Leo II—heavily influenced by dark matter—the team derived 5,000 possible dark matter density profiles using a tool called GRAVSPHERE.
They compared these with profiles generated by quantum wave functions of various dark matter particle masses. If the particle is too light, quantum fuzziness spreads it too thinly, preventing it from forming the observed structures. The study concluded that the dark matter particle must have a mass greater than 2.2 × 10⁻²¹ electron volts (eV)—over 100 times more than previous lower estimates.
Impact on dark matter studies
The findings have significant implications for popular ultralight dark matter models, particularly fuzzy dark matter, which typically proposes particles with masses around 10-22 ev.
Looking ahead, the team plans to extend their methodology to mixed dark matter scenarios, where dark matter is composed of particles with different masses.
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