The UK will hand over sovereignty of the remote Chagos Islands to Mauritius after a decades-long dispute.
The deal to transfer the Indian Ocean archipelago to Mauritius includes the tropical atoll of Diego Garcia, home to a military base used by the UK and the US that plays a crucial role in the region’s stability and international security.
Under the agreement, the base will remain under UK and US jurisdiction for at least the next 99 years.
The UK government said the treaty would “address wrongs of the past and demonstrate the commitment of both parties to support the welfare” of Chagossians – the native people of the islands.
US President Joe Biden welcomed the move, saying it was “mutually beneficial”, while Secretary of State Antony Blinken hailed it as a “win for diplomacy”.
Several leading Conservatives have called the decision “weak”, with former security minister Tom Tugendhat saying it is a “shameful retreat undermining our security and leaving our allies exposed”.
Concerns have been raised a future Mauritian government will not adhere to the agreement and will allow China, which is heavily invested in Mauritius, to take over the base.
Image: Map: OpenStreetMap
Package of financial support
Advertisement
A statement from the Mauritian and UK governments said Mauritius is now “free to implement a programme of resettlement” on the islands, other than Diego Garcia, and the UK will provide money and other support to Chagossians who had to leave.
The UK will also provide a “package of financial support” to Mauritius, including annual payments for the next 99 years and will provide funding for an infrastructure partnership.
Addressing the people of Mauritius, Pravind Jugnauth, the prime minister, said: “There are some people who thought that it might have been impossible for a small country like Mauritius to have achieved justice against superpowers.
“Despite all this – we remained true to our convictions to end colonisation in our country.
“Today, 56 years after our independence, our decolonisation is complete.”
Speaking to Sky News, foreign minister Maneesh Gobin also said the deal marked a “historic day” that was good for two “sovereign nations”.
On the question of China’s influence, the foreign minister said it was “unfortunate” that the country kept coming up in the discussion of the Chagos Islands.
Foreign Secretary David Lammy said: “This government inherited a situation where the long-term, secure operation of the Diego Garcia military base was under threat, with contested sovereignty and ongoing legal challenges.
“Today’s agreement secures this vital military base for the future.
“It will strengthen our role in safeguarding global security, shut down any possibility of the Indian Ocean being used as a dangerous illegal migration route to the UK, as well as guaranteeing our long-term relationship with Mauritius, a close Commonwealth partner.”
History of the Chagos Islands
The Chagos Islands had been home to the Chagossians from the 1700s, brought as slaves from Africa and India by the French.
The islands had been a dependency of Mauritius when it was a French colony, but the UK claimed the Chagos Islands as part of Mauritius in the early 19th Century.
Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968 and since then has been trying to claim the Chagos archipelago as Mauritian.
In the late 1960s, the US asked the UK to expel everyone from the archipelago so they could build a naval support facility on the largest island, Diego Garcia. It is leased to the US but operates as a joint UK-US base.
Since 1971, only US military employees have been allowed access. Chagossians living on the island, and other islands, were removed to Mauritius or the Seychelles. The expulsions are regarded as one of the most shameful parts of Britain’s modern colonial history and Chagossians have spent decades fighting to return.
In 2010, Mauritius started proceedings against the UK to challenge the legality of the archipelago, and compensation and repatriation of former inhabitants. Mauritius took it to the International Court of Justice in 2018.
The UK government has offered British Overseas Territories Citizenship to Chagossians since 2002, with about 3,500 becoming citizens – most living in Crawley, West Sussex, near Gatwick Airport.
Since 2021, about 89 Sri Lankan Tamil asylum seekers have arrived on Diego Garcia but the UK government has argued the refugee convention does not apply there so they remain in limbo in a makeshift refugee camp.
Mauritius has repeatedly stated the Chagos archipelago is part of its territory and the United Kingdom claim is a violation of United Nations resolutions banning the dismemberment of colonial territories before independence.
In 2019, the UN General Assembly said the Chagos Islands “forms an integral part of the territory of Mauritius”, although it was not legally binding.
In November 2022, then British foreign secretary James Cleverly announced the UK and Mauritius had started sovereignty negotiations with Mauritius.
In December 2023, when David Cameron was foreign secretary, the talks were discontinued after a paper by three legal academics said transferring the islands would be a “major self-inflected blow” for the UK.
The Labour government picked the talks back up and have now agreed to give the islands back to Mauritius, while the US and UK keep the military base.
Image: Fuel tanks at the edge of a military airstrip on Diego Garcia. File pic: Reuters
‘Through diplomacy, countries can overcome challenges’
The US president welcomed the move, saying: “I applaud the historic agreement.
“It is a clear demonstration that through diplomacy and partnership, countries can overcome long-standing historical challenges to reach peaceful and mutually beneficial outcomes.”
The agreement is subject to the finalisation of a treaty and supporting legal instruments, with both Mauritius and the UK committing to complete “as quickly as possible”.
Former foreign secretary James Cleverly accused the government of being “weak, weak, weak”.
He said: “Labour lied to get into office. Said they’d be whiter than white, said they wouldn’t put up taxes, said they’d stand up to the EU, said that they’d be patriotic. All lies!”
‘A strategic disaster’
Mr Tugendhat said the Foreign Office had “negotiated against Britain’s interest” and it was “disgraceful that these negotiations started under our watch” – in a dig at Mr Cleverly who was foreign secretary when negotiations began in 2022.
Reform UK leader Nigel Farage said “giving up the Chagos Islands is a strategic disaster” and claimed the US “will be furious and Beijing delighted”.
“Labour are making the world a more dangerous place,” he said.
Ukraine’s defence of the crucial city of Pokrovsk, which has held out for more than a year despite fierce Russian assaults, could be coming to an end as invading forces squeeze the resistance out.
Elsewhere, Ukraine’s troops are facing attacks along the frontline, with Moscow reportedly using a pipeline to move personnel in the northeast near Kupyansk as it seeks to create even more pressure on Kyiv’s stretched resources.
Sky News has a look at what has been happening at some key parts of the frontline.
‘Kill zone’ as around Pokrovsk
Ukrainian forces have been engaged in a bitter struggle to hold the key logistics hub of Pokrovsk for more than a year, with Russian troops at times attempting to encircle the defenders there.
The situation there is worsening, says Dr Marina Miron, an expert at the defence studies department at King’s College London.
She cited reports that Russian forces are controlling all supply routes and have “created a kill zone” using drones, making it very difficult for Ukraine to resupply its troops there.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
2:59
Sky’s exclusive interview with Zelenskyy: What are the key takeaways?
A road and rail node, Pokrovsk had a pre-war population of around 60,000 people. It’s viewed by Russia as “the gateway to Donetsk”.
Capturing it would severely hamper Ukrainian supply lines and endanger crucial cities like Kramatorsk and Sloviansk.
“It will take time because what the Russians are trying to do essentially is to squeeze the Ukrainians out,” Dr Miron told Sky News.
“They don’t want to storm the city as it’s too difficult and too manpower intensive – assuming a lot of losses.” Instead, they are trying to surround it completely, she added.
This reflects a “changed approach”, Dr Miron says, with the Russian military appearing to favour slower encirclement operations rather than the high-casualty assault waves with which places like Bakhmut were captured.
Meanwhile, Russian forces have advanced near Kupyansk in northeast Ukraine, not far from the fortress city of Kharkiv, the Institute for the Study of War thinktank reported on Monday.
Like other targets along the Ukrainian frontline, Kupyansk is a key transport and logistics hub, being the location at which several major rail lines converge.
“It seems like they are pretty close,” Dr Miron said, discussing the positions of Russian forces around Kupyansk.
Image: The aftermath of a Russian drone attack in Kharkiv. Pic: Reuters
Earlier this week, Ukraine’s military said Russia had moved personnel to the area via a pipeline, but said the exit from the pipe is under control of Ukrainian defenders.
“A counter-sabotage operation is underway in the city, and search and strike operations are underway around the city,” the Kyiv’s General Staff said on Telegram on Saturday.
Image: A Ukrainian gunner on the Pokrovsk defensive line fires a self-propelled howitzer towards Russian forces. Pic: Reuters
Image: Ukrainian police try to persuade residents to evacuate Pokrovsk. Pic: Reuters
Kupyansk, which was recaptured by Ukrainian troops in their counteroffensive in autumn 2022, has been largely destroyed in the course of the war and continues to face attacks.
Dr Miron said it’s likely that the push towards Kupyansk is part of an effort by Moscow to retake some of those lost territories, or perhaps an effort to seize land that it can then use as a bargaining chip in any future negotiations.
The suspect in the Madeleine McCann case celebrated his release from prison with a fast-food breakfast of chicken nuggets and a burger.
Christian B, 49, was smuggled from a jail near Hanover, hidden in the back of his lawyer’s car and managed to avoid being filmed or pictured by scores of camera operators who had been waiting for several days.
But a photographer caught up with him as he stopped briefly at a McDonald’s restaurant.
Christian B, who cannot be fully identified under German privacy laws, stood outside and smoked a cigarette before eating his food.
Dressed in a lilac shirt, beige trousers and trainers, he ordered chicken nuggets with sweet-and-sour sauce, a burger and a hot drink.
He wore sunglasses, but they did little to disguise the distinctive features that have appeared on TV and on the front of newspapers around the world.
More on Madeleine Mccann
Related Topics:
After 15 minutes, he left the restaurant as police blocked the street to allow him to leave freely.
Image: Pic: Markus Hibbeler/Bild
Image: Pic: Markus Hibbeler/Bild
He was driven off again in the black Audi saloon in which his lawyer Friedrich Fulscher had collected him an hour earlier from Sehnde prison.
It’s not known where Christian B was headed after completing an unrelated sentence for the rape of an elderly woman, or who will help him adjust to his new life of freedom.
As part of his release conditions, he’s been fitted with an electronic ankle tag, has had to surrender his passport and register his permanent address with probation officers.
Another of his lawyers, Philipp Marquort, said: “This is an attempt by the public prosecutor’s office to keep him in a kind of pre-trial detention where they would have access to him at any time. We will not accept that.”
German prosecutor Hans Christian Wolters, who leads the Madeleineinvestigation, believes Christian B abducted and murdered the three-year-old during a family holiday in Portugal in 2007.
The suspect, who has convictions for child sex abuse, theft, drug trafficking and forgery, denies any involvement.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
0:40
Madeleine McCann suspect released from jail
Madeleine vanished from her bed in a rented apartment as her parents and their friends dined nearby at the hotel complex in Praia da Luz.
Mr Wolters told Sky News he had “almost” enough evidence to charge the suspect, but could not justify arresting him and stopping him from being freed.
He said: “He is dangerous, a psychopath, and we hope he does not commit more crimes, but it is likely he will.”
He said he hadn’t ruled out the chance of charging Christian B: “At the moment, we still have lines of investigation we are pursuing, and we hope we may gain more evidence or indications.
“If that happens, our situation would of course improve, and we would prefer to go to court with that stronger position.”
Image: Madeleine McCann has been missing since 2007. Pic: PA
Christian B, who flitted between Germany and Portugal, has served seven years for the rape of a 72-year-old American woman in Praia da Luz – two years before Madeleine vanished.
He is expected to appear in a German court next month to face a charge of using insulting behaviour towards a female prison warder. A conviction could put him back in jail.
He also faces a possible retrial after the prosecutor’s appeal against his acquittal last year on unrelated rape and child sex allegations.
Scotland Yard detectives, who failed to charge anyone in their own investigation, revealed this week they had asked Christian B to answer their questions, but he refused, as he has with their German and Portuguese colleagues.
His lawyers dismissed it as an illegal request because investigators had shared none of the prosecution files with him.
According to the prosecutor, the evidence against Christian B in the Madeleine case is circumstantial; his mobile phone was nearby her apartment at the time she vanished, he was a convicted child sex abuser, he had allegedly confessed to a friend, and he had re-registered his car the day after.
There is no forensic evidence to link the suspect to the abduction – and after 18 years, the chances of finding it must be remote.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
13:29
‘Different theory’ in McCann case
German criminal profiler Mark T Hofmann told Sky News: “I’m a big believer in second chances, but I’m not that much of a big believer in tenth chances.
“So if you commit a crime, and you do it again and again and again and again, then you need to ask yourself like, why should we believe that he will stop now?
“I wish, and I hope that also he realises that he can maybe now live a different life anonymously in some place, and hopefully stop committing crimes.”
Madeleine’s parents Kate and Gerry McCann, from Leicestershire, cling to the hope their daughter might still be found alive, in the absence of any evidence they are aware of to show she is dead.
At least 16 people are said to have died overnight in Israeli attacks in Gaza – as the first group of 10 children arrived in the UK for urgent NHS treatment.
Officials said more than half of those killed in the latest attacks were in Gaza City, where Israel this week began a major ground offensive.
A mother and her child died at an apartment in the city’s Shati refugee camp, according to the Shifa hospital.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
2:11
Sky News analysis shows major escalation in Gaza war
The al-Adwa and Nasser hospitals said other victims included a pregnant woman – among three killed when a house was hit in the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza – and two parents and their child in the Muwasi area west of Khan Younis.
The Israel Defence Forces (IDF) launched its ground assault on Tuesday, in what it called a “new phase” in its bid to destroy Hamas and force the release of the remaining hostages.
It said it was looking into the deaths caused by the latest strikes.
Troops and tanks continued to push deeper into Gaza City on Wednesday despite widespread condemnation of the attempt to take full control of the city.
More on Gaza
Related Topics:
UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper has called the operation “utterly reckless and appalling”.
Ms Cooper – who last night helped greet the pro-Israel President Trump – said it would “only bring more bloodshed, kill more innocent civilians & endanger the remaining hostages”.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
3:05
Is Israel committing genocide?
Meanwhile, 10 critically ill and injured children from Gaza have arrived in Britain for medical care alongside 50 companions, the World Health Organisation said on Wednesday.
It said they were first evacuated to Jordan and that “robust” security checks were undertaken before the group got approval to travel.
The foreign secretary said the children were “unable to get the medical care they need to survive” in Gaza.
More are expected to arrive in the coming weeks, in what Health Secretary Wes Streeting said “reflects the very best of our NHS values – compassion, care and expertise when it matters most”.
A small number of children were previously brought to the UK and are being treated privately through the Project Pure Hope initiative.
Image: Smoke rises from Gaza after an explosion, as seen from Israel. Pic: Reuters
It comes as a coalition of aid groups today urged the international community to do more to stop Israel’s attacks, which it said had caused “an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe”.
“States must use every available political, economic, and legal tool at their disposal to intervene. Rhetoric and half measures are not enough. This moment demands decisive action,” said a statement signed by the heads of more than 20 organisations working in Gaza.
Sky News analysis shows thousands of families remain in crowded tent camps in Gaza City, with the UN estimating last week that a million people remain there. Israel, however, believes 40% of the population has already fled south.
Image: Displaced Palestinians are fleeing northern Gaza as the new offensive escalates. Pic: Reuters
Many are taking what little they can and attempting the perilous journey south after Israel warned them to evacuate ahead of it new offensive.
The IDF said another route south for those fleeing would open from noon local time on Wednesday, running along Salah al-Din street along Gaza’s coastline, for two days.
Israel has not said how long its Gaza City operation will last, but that it will involve both air and ground forces and the number of soldiers will increase over the coming days.
It insists it takes strenuous efforts to issue warnings and avoid civilian casualties, but that it’s complicated by Hamas deliberately embedding itself in civilian areas.
Health officials in Gaza say nearly 65,000 people have died in the two years of the war – a figure that does not specify the number of Hamas members killed.
The terror attack on Israel in October 2023 killed around 1,200 and saw 251 taken hostage. Forty-eight remain in Gaza, but fewer then half are though to still be alive.