Sir Keir Starmer’s government has not yet been in place for 100 days. By all accounts, things are not going well.
The Labour leader and his top ministers have had to backtrack after taking freebies totalling many thousands of pounds for clothing and entertainment. Sue Gray, the ex-civil servant he recruited as chief of staff, has accepted a salary larger than the prime minister while standing accused of cutting the pay of more junior special advisers coming into government.
The biggest announcement the government has made yet – cutting winter fuel payments for most pensioners – was poorly presented, coinciding with big pay rises for public sector trade unionists and leading to a rebellion by Labour MPs. So far, eight of them have either been suspended or resigned the whip. Labour is dropping in opinion polls. Meanwhile, the prime minister often seems defensive and belligerent when interviewed and at a loose end at important gatherings.
It is still early days. None of these teething troubles directly threaten a government that commands an overwhelming majority in the House of Commons. But there is universal agreement ranging from Sir Keir’s friends to his political foes that he needs to get a grip on running the country, starting with appointing the best people as his senior advisers and officials.
The historian Sir Anthony Seldon, the author of a series of books on prime ministers in 10 Downing Street, warns “Starmer needs to act quickly. He has been naive and complacent on staff appointments. Get it right now and he can fly.”
Image: Cabinet Secretary Sir Simon Case will step down by the end of the year as he has been suffering from a neurological condition. Pic: PA
This week a major opportunity presented itself. The cabinet secretary, Sir Simon Case, at last announced he will step down at the end of this year. The man or woman who fills his shoes will be vital in properly establishing and relaunching the way the UK is ruled by the new government.
According to the official advert: “The cabinet secretary and head of the civil service is the most senior civil servant in the UK and the principal official adviser to the prime minister and Cabinet.”
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The salary is £200,000 a year, also more than the prime minister, plus a hefty 28.7% pension contribution. Applicants have until 11.55pm on 20 October to get in their CV, a 1000-word statement, a diversity questionnaire and a declaration of interests.
Sir Simon’s departure had been long expected. Some blame the prime minister for not forcing the vacancy sooner. Cabinet secretary is the most important of an unprecedented number of unfilled posts among Starmer’s top advisers, also including principal private secretary (PPS), his personal civil service aide, and national security adviser. Without them, few are surprised he has not got on top of being prime minister.
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Sir Simon has been absent for long periods due to a serious neurological illness. In truth, he never really settled in as the respected boss of some half a million civil servants. Still only 45, he was much younger than most cabinet secretaries when installed in 2020 by the chaotic Boris Johnson government after Mark Sedwill was unceremoniously pushed aside. Sir Simon came from being private secretary to Prince William. He had also been PPS to Theresa May.
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2:24
‘Donations not given out of altruism’
Rightly or wrongly, senior Labour figures felt he struggled to serve the new government. An unproven suspicion lingers on the Labour side that he may have been behind leaks damaging to Sue Gray.
The successful working of the UK’s constitutional machinery depends on an impartial cabinet secretary. His main job (so far they have all been men) is to ensure the civil service delivers the government’s programme effectively.
The cabinet secretary must also advise the prime minister whether their plans make sense, are acceptable and conform to expected ethical standards. In the perceptive TV comedy series Yes Prime Minister the catchphrase of cabinet secretary Sir Humphrey Appleby was: “Is that wise, prime minister?”
By the time they get the top job, most cabinet secretaries have worked for governments and ministers across the political spectrum. Sir Gus O’Donnell was a close adviser to John Major, Tony Blair and Gordon Brown. In 2010 he oversaw the transition to what became the Conservative/Liberal Democrat coalition between David Cameron and Nick Clegg.
When Lord O’Donnell’s successor Sir Jeremy Heywood died prematurely of cancer in 2018 Blair, Brown, Cameron, Clegg and Theresa May led the official mourners. Sir Jeremy’s advice was hung on by successive prime ministers. If anything, he was too helpful and got too close. He and David Cameron were both keen to involve the disgraced former businessman Lex Greensill with government business.
Image: Former chief Brexit negotiator Olly Robbins is Sue Gray’s top pick for cabinet secretary. Pic: Reuters
Past history and present tensions suggest that it would be a mistake to appoint Olly Robbins as the cabinet secretary. He is widely seen as Sue Gray’s preferred candidate. Downing Street might benefit from some creative tension. Besides, Robbins’ experience, including as a Brexit negotiator, is better suited to national security adviser.
Sir Keir has inherited a mess created by Rishi Sunak. In the dying days of the last government, Mr Sunak attempted to promote his national security council adviser, Tim Barrow, to US ambassador and to replace him with General Gwyn Jenkins. The Labour opposition cried foul successfully. As a result, both jobs and the people involved with them are now up in the air. A decision on the new Washington ambassador is due after the American election in November.
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Prime ministers who appoint friends and cronies exclusively as their key advisers tend to come a cropper, as the five recent Conservative leaders found out eventually. Far better to bring in someone of proven administrative expertise as cabinet secretary.
As usual, there are some highly rated senior male civil servants, with experience heading government departments, who could fill the role, led by Jeremy Pocklington, permanent secretary, or “perm sec”, at DESNZ, the energy department, and Sir Peter Schofield, department for work and pensions’ perm sec.
The new government has made much of having the first female chancellor of the exchequer. If Sir Keir fancies appointing the first woman cabinet secretary there is a rich and colourful field to choose from.
Sarah Healey, perm sec at DHCLG (communities) and formerly the culture department, is widely respected, as is Tamara Finkelstein at DEFRA. In Lady Finkelstein’s case, some in Labour might balk at handing the top job to the wife of Danny Finkelstein, the prominent Conservative peer and Times newspaper columnist.
Dame Antonia Romeo, currently in charge of the Ministry of Justice, has held a number of senior civil service jobs. During Liz Truss’s short-lived tenure, she was briefly appointed Treasury perm sec. Her earlier, high profile, high fashion, approach to being UK consul general in New York brought her into conflict with the British embassy in Washington DC.
Image: Former John Lewis and Ofcom head Sharon White has ruled herself out by being on the selection panel. Pic: JLP
Former female civil servants who might want to return to government include Dame Melanie Dawes, currently cautiously low profile at the media regulator Ofcom, and Baroness Minouche Shafik, former perm sec at the department for international development and deputy governor of the Bank of England. She has just finished as president of Columbia University in New York City. Then there is Helen McNamara, who had a bruising time as deputy cabinet secretary during the COVID pandemic.
It is not yet known who of those above will put their names forward. One of the most widely tipped names is not applying. Sharon White, of John Lewis, Ofcom and the Treasury, could have been the first woman and the first black person to be cabinet secretary. She has decided to sit on the selection panel instead, alongside Gus O’Donnell.
The final choice of the next cabinet secretary will be made by the prime minister. The pressure is on Sir Keir to think out of his comfort zone if he is to be guided from the missteps of the first 100 days into four years of competent and ethical government.
Lucy Powell’s had quite the political comeback. Sacked from cabinet by the prime minister but weeks ago, she’s back with her own powerbase and voice at the top of the party as the deputy Labour leader.
She was not Keir Starmer‘s choice and, while the prime minister was quick to embrace her on Saturday as the result was announced, he is probably right to feel some unease about the outcome for a few different reasons.
For in Powell, the party has a new, alternative figurehead that sits outside of the government machine.
Image: The PM congratulates Lucy Powell after she is announced as new deputy leader. Pic: PA
She ran a campaign in which she pledged to be the voice of the membership to the leadership and the membership picked her. She will have serious influence on the National Executive Committee, and sit in the political cabinet.
What she won’t do is return to the cabinet table, which means that she has power and profile, but will remain an independent voice, free from collective cabinet responsibility.
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As I understand it, Powell doesn’t want to destabilise the leadership – for now at least.
She will take a submarine approach when it comes to interventions around government policy rather than offering a running commentary on Starmer’s government and choose her battles.
That way, when she does weigh in, she is harder to ignore.
She could also over time become a lightning rod for discontent should the party’s fortunes remain as parlous as they are now.
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Powell aims to unite Labour Party
On Friday, Labour suffered a cataclysmic defeat in the Caerphilly by-election, coming third in a seat it has held for over a century as Labour endured their biggest ever drop in support in a Welsh by-election.
It’s a terrible omen for next May’s Sennedd election. Labour have been the governing party in Wales since the Senedd’s beginning in 1999. That could be about to change.
When I asked Keir Starmer about the loss on Friday, he didn’t try to deflect, saying: “I’m deeply disappointed by the results.”
When I asked him if it was a gut punch, he said: “I’m not going to suggest otherwise. I spoke to the first minister on Saturday morning, and clearly we need to reflect and regroup, and double down on the delivery, in Wales. And we clearly need to do much more.”
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Phillipson: Powell has my full support
Powell’s position now is that the party needs to pull together, get campaigning and try to build support with their voters.
But she is equally clear that this has to be down to delivery of the “national renewal” Labour promised voters in the election of 2024.
There will surely come a point, further down the road, where this new deputy leader will become more robust in her critique of the government if it fails to deliver and the party suffers.
This race has also exposed the ugliness in a party that is uneasy with its leadership and seems intent on infighting.
The constant briefing wars that emanate from Number 10 cascade down in what has been, at times, a dirty fight.
Lucy Powell accused Bridget Phillipson’s team of “throwing mud” and briefing against her in the Labour deputy leadership race on our Electoral Dysfunction podcast, while Phillipson also said she was at the sharp end of vicious smears.
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For all the talk on Saturday for coming together and unity, it is hard to see that materialising while doubts persist over Starmer’s leadership and while rivals, such as Powell’s close ally Andy Burnham, are waiting in the wings.
There is also the big question of apathy. Only 16.6% of party members, trade union members and affiliates chose to vote in this election, against 59% in 2020.
This is partly distorted because in the last leadership election, members were voting for both the leader and deputy leaders. But what it also suggests is disengagement from the wider Labour movement.
In 2020, there were 552,000 party members eligible to vote, out of a total membership which stood at 782,000, including union-affiliated members who are perhaps less likely to cast a vote.
This time around there were 970,000 eligible voters – but the Labour Party did not reveal how many actual party members cast a vote.
This might be because membership figures are dropping, and it didn’t want to reveal that information. At the end of last year, party membership stood at 332,000, which is around 200,000 members less than the end of 2019.
For now, Powell insists that she and Starmer will work as a team and the message from both Powell and the PM following her victory is that all of those party must put its shoulder to the wheel to try and see off the threat of Reform.
She is undoubtedly starting out as the party’s campaigner in chief, but I suspect she may become a far more critical – and dangerous – voice, if Starmer looks like he can’t get the party in good enough shape to win the next general election.
Lucy Powell has been elected as the deputy leader of the Labour Party.
But who is she and what does she stand for?
Powell began her career in politics working for Labour MPs Glenda Jackson and Beverley Hughes.
She then worked for a pro-EU campaign group.
After that, she ran Ed Miliband’s successful Labour leadership campaign and was his deputy chief of staff until she was elected as the MP for Manchester Central in 2012.
She has been at the forefront of Labour politics for over a decade, serving under Ed Miliband, Jeremy Corbyn and Keir Starmer.
After Labour won the last general election, she was appointed as the leader of the House of Commons in Starmer’s cabinet.
But last month she was sacked in the cabinet reshuffle and came to be seen as the anti-Starmer candidate.
During the deputy leadership campaign, Powell promised to “provide a stronger, more independent voice” for members of the Labour Party.
And in her acceptance speech, she said the government hadn’t been bold enough, and that it needed to step up.
So how much of a problem is she going to be for Keir Starmer?
Her new role – and being outside the cabinet – means she will be free to criticise the government, which could make life more difficult for the prime minister.
Powell has been outspoken about her desire for the government to lift the two child benefit cap – and also called for the country to work for the many and not the few – a Corbyn-era slogan – and that Labour must stop handing the megaphone over to Reform and letting them run away with it.
Starmer will be conscious that an MP he sacked not long ago is now in a powerful role able to speak freely and attack his decisions.
But Powell is not free from her own controversies.
In May, Lucy Powell called grooming gangs a dog whistle issue – something she later had to clarify after it caused outrage among campaigners and opposition parties.
She also vocally defended Labour’s unpopular cut to winter fuel allowance while in cabinet, before the government then U-turned on the policy – she then criticised the proposed welfare cuts after she was sacked from government.
Powell insists she wants to help Keir Starmer, providing constructive criticism and a voice for Labour members.
“Division and hate are on the rise. Discontent and disillusionment widespread.” What she meant: The Labour government has been a huge disappointment.
“The desire for change is impatient and palpable.” What she meant: You’ve had 16 months to deliver change – voters are saying, “Get on with it”.
“We have to offer hope, to offer the big change the country’s crying out for.” What she meant: Stop tinkering. Get more radical. You’ve got a huge Commons majority, after all.
“We must give a stronger sense of purpose, whose side we’re on and of our Labour values and beliefs.” What she meant: We’re not doing enough for working people or tackling inequality.
“People feel that this government is not being bold enough in delivering the kind of change we promised.” What she meant: Our voters are deserting us because they don’t see change.
“I’ll be a champion for all Labour values and boldness in everything we do.” What she meant: Watch out! I’m going to hound you and hold your feet to the fire!
“We won’t win by trying to out-Reform Reform, but by building a broad progressive consensus.” What she meant: Stop the lurch to the Right on immigration. We’re better than that.
“It starts with wrestling back the political megaphone and setting the agenda more strongly.” What she meant: We need to sharpen up our communication and selling our message.
“We’ve let Farage and his ilk run away with it.” What she meant: The Reform UK leader is running rings round us in communicating and campaigning. We’re too sluggish and flat-footed.
“For too long the country and the economy has worked in the interests of the few and not the many.” What she meant: Winter fuel payment cuts were a disaster and the two-child benefit cap has to go.
“Trickle down economics hasn’t worked.” What she meant: No more tax cuts for the rich. It’s time for a wealth tax, for example, to redistribute wealth.
“Life has just got harder and harder, less and less secure in work, in housing, in making ends meet.” What she meant: We’re failing to tackle the cost of living crisis and housing shortages.
“The deep-seated inequalities that have widened in wealth in regions in class in health need fundamentally redressing.” What she meant: We’re failing to look after our “red wall” voters.
“Re-unite our voter coalition and re-unite the country.” What she meant: Start governing for everyone, urban and rural, rich and poor, North and South. Stop neglecting poorer regions.
“We need to step up.” What she meant: For goodness sake, sort out the chaos in 10 Downing. Stop blaming aides and civil servants and sacking them. Get a grip!
Members and affiliates “don’t feel part of the conversation or party of the movement right now. And we have to change that.” What she meant: Stop ignoring and alienating activists, MPs and unions.
“Unity and loyalty comes from collective purpose, not from command and control.” What she meant: Stop the control freakery in parliament and party management. It’ll backfire.
“Debating, listening and hearing is not dissent. It’s all strength.” What she meant: Listen to your backbenchers and stop suspending them when they vote against policies like welfare cuts.
“As your deputy, my commitment is to change the culture.” What she meant: I’m going to stand up for rebels and critics and force you to ditch the control freakery and bad decisions.
“At the election 16 months ago the British people voted for change. I’m here to do everything I can to make that change a reality.” What she meant: Raise your game, or else!
She said it all with a smile, but there was menace there.
As deputy leader, Lucy Powell was always going to be a critical friend. So there you go, prime minister. Here’s 20 things you need to do for her to be more friend than critic.