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A marine conservation photojournalist’s “magical” picture shining a light on the underwater world of a tadpole species has earned him the title of Wildlife Photographer Of The Year.

Shane Gross, from Canada, captured the western toad tadpoles while snorkelling through lily pads in Cedar Lake on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

He managed to snap a cloud of the amphibians, which are a near-threatened species due to habitat destruction and predators, while avoiding the visibility-reducing layers of silt and algae covering the bottom.

Titled The Swarm Of Life, the photograph has been crowned the winner of the Natural History Museum’s prestigious Wildlife Photographer Of The Year 2024 competition out of a record-breaking 59,228 entries, from 117 countries and territories.

Kathy Moran, chair of the jury, said they were “captivated by the mix of light, energy and connectivity between the environment and the tadpoles”.

This is the first time the species has been featured in the competition, which is now in its 60th year, she added.

Life Under Dead Wood

Life Under Dead Wood.
Pic: Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Alexis Tinker-Tsavalas, from Germany, was awarded the title of Young Wildlife Photographer of the Year, for an up-close image featuring slime mould on the right, and a macroscopic animal called a springtail on the left, taken in Berlin.

Tinker-Tsavalas used a technique called focus stacking, combining 36 images with different areas of focus together.

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Judges said it showed great skill and “incredible attention to detail, patience and perseverance”.

To celebrate the 60th anniversary of the competition, impact awards for both adult and young photographers were introduced this year, recognising conservation success.

Recording By Hand

Liwia Pawłowska watches as a relaxed common whitethroat is gently held by abird ringer.Liwia is fascinated by bird ringing, and has been photographing ringing sessionssince she was nine.

The young impact award was given to Liwia Pawłowska, from Poland, for her image of a common whitethroat taken during a bird ringing, a technique that records length, sex, condition and age to help scientists monitor populations and track migration.

Hope For The Ninu

Hope for the Ninu 
Pic: Jannico Kelk/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

In the adult category, Australian photographer Jannico Kelk picked up the prize for a picture of a greater bilby, a small marsupial also referred to as the ninu, which was one near extinction due to predators such as foxes and cats. Fenced reserves, however, have allowed the population to grow.

Here are the other category winners.

Free As A Bird – Alberto Roman Gomez, Spain (10 and under)

Free As A Bird - Alberto Roman Gomez/ Wildlife Photographer Of The Year

Alberto watched from the window of his father’s car at the edge of the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park, in Cadiz, Andalusia, to take this picture – managing to capture the stonechat bird as it was perched, between trips to gather insects.

An Evening Meal – Parham Pourahmad, USA (11-14)

An Evening Meal.
Pic:Parham Pourahmad/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Parham visited the Ed R Levin County Park in Milpitas, California, most weekends over a summer to take photographs showing the wildlife living in a busy city park. This picture shows a young Cooper’s hawk eating a squirrel in the last rays of sunset.

Frontier of the Lynx – Igor Metelskiy, Russia

Frontier of the Lynx.
Pic: Igor Metelskiy/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

A lynx stretches in the early evening sunshine in the Lazovsky District in Primorsky Krai, Russia. The remote location and changing weather conditions meant access was tricky, and it took more than six months of waiting for Metelskiy to capture the image of the elusive animal.

On Watch – John E Marriott, Canada

On Watch.
Pic: John E Marriott/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

This image also features a lynx, this one with its fully grown young sheltering from the wind behind it. Marriott had tracked the family group for almost a week through snowy forests in Yukon.

Practice Makes Perfect – Jack Zhi, USA

Practice Makes Perfect 
Pic: Jack Zhi/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

A young falcon practises its hunting skills on a butterfly above its sea-cliff nest. This was taken in an area in Los Angeles, California, visited by Zhi over the past eight years.

A Tranquil Moment – Hikkaduwa Liyanage Prasantha Vinod, Sri Lanka

A Tranquil Moment.
Pic: Hikkaduwa Liyanage Prasantha Vinod/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

This picture shows a young toque macaque sleeping in an adult’s arms, taken after a morning of photographing birds and leopards at the Wilpattu National Park. Vinod spotted a troop of the macaques moving through trees above, and used a telephoto lens to frame this moment as a young monkey slept between feeds.

Wetland Wrestle – Karine Aigner, USA

Wetland Wrestle.
Pic: Karine Aigner/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Karine Aigner was leading a tour group when she noticed an odd shape in the water along the Transpantaneira Highway, in Mato Grosso, Brazil – binoculars confirmed she was looking at a flash of a yellow anaconda, coiling itself around the snout of a yacare caiman.

The Demolition Squad – Ingo Arndt, Germany

The Demolition Squad.
Pic: Ingo Arndt/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Arndt’s image shows the dismemberment of a blue ground beetle by red wood ants – carving the dead animal into pieces tiny enough to fit through the entrance to their nest in Hessen, Germany.

The Artful Crow – Jiri Hrebicek, Czech Republic

The Artful Crow
Pic: Jiri Hrebicek/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

This perching carrion crow, pictured in Basel, Switzerland, looks almost like an impressionist painting, judges said. To create the effect, Hrebicek moved his camera in different directions, while using a long shutter speed.

A Diet of Deadly Plastic – Justin Gilligan, Australia

A Diet Of Deadly Plastic - Justin Gilligan

A mosaic created from some 403 pieces of plastic found inside the digestive tract of a dead flesh-footed shearwater, taken on Lord Howe Island, New South Wales. Gilligan took the picture while documenting the work of Adrift Lab, which brings biologists from different countries together to study the impact of plastic pollution on marine ecosystems.

Old Man of the Glen – Fortunato Gatto, Italy

Old Man Of The Glen - Fortunato Gatto/ Wildlife Photographer Of The Year

Gatto captured these pale “old man’s beard’ lichens on a gnarled birch tree in the pinewoods of Glen Affric, in the Scottish Highlands. The lichens indicate it as an area of minimal air pollution – in a forest which has stood for at least 8,300 years, according to pollen analysis.

Under the Waterline – Matthew Smith, UK/Australia

Under the Waterline 
Pic: Matthew Smith/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Smith used a specially made extension he designed for the front of his underwater camera housing to create this split image of a leopard seal beneath the Antarctic ice in Paradise Harbour. The young seal made several close, curious passes, he said. “When it looked straight into the lens barrel, I knew I had something good.”

Tiger in Town – Robin Darius Conz, Germany

Tiger in Town.
Pic: Robin Darius Conz/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

A tiger sits on a hillside against the backdrop of a town where forests once grew in Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India. Conz was following the big cat as part of a documentary team filming the wildlife of the Western Ghats.

Dusting for New Evidence – Britta Jaschinski, Germany/UK

Dusting for New Evidence
Pic: Britta Jaschinski/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Jaschinski spent time at the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) border force department, where confiscated animal products are tested. This image shows a crime scene investigator from London’s Met Police dusting for prints on a confiscated tusk at Heathrow Airport.

Dolphins of the Forest – Thomas Peschak, Germany/South Africa

Dolphins of the Forest.
Pic: Thomas Peschak/Wildlife Photographer of the Year

Peschak documents the relationship between endangered Amazon river dolphins, which are also known as botos or pink river dolphins, and the people with whom they share their home in the waters of both Brazil and Colombia.

The Serengeti of the Sea – Sage Ono, USA

A clutch of tubesnout (Aulorhychus flavidus) eggs on display, carefully nestled in the crooks of giant kelp. With the changing seasons of Monterey Bay come all the little signs of new life. The ruby-red eggs and golden kelp in the darkness of the nutrient-rich, summer water take on the appearance of carefully arranged jewelry in a shop window. Looking closer at the ordinary happenings in the environment reveals the meticulous beauty of the natural world. Taken in 2022 in Monterey Bay, USA.

Sage Ono decided to take up underwater photography after being inspired by stories told by his grandfather, a retired marine biologist. This image, taken in the kelp forests in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, California, shows tube-snout fish eggs sparkling next to the glowing kelp.

The Wildlife Photographer Of The Year 2024 exhibition opens at the Natural History Museum, London, on Friday 11 October

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Inside a secret, underground military base in eastern Ukraine

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Inside a secret, underground military base in eastern Ukraine

A hidden, underground military base in eastern Ukraine is so secret, soldiers change into civilian clothes whenever they step outside to avoid drawing attention.

Journalists are not usually allowed access.

But the unit that has been using this vast, subterranean warren of war rooms, a dormitory, kitchen, canteen and makeshift gym as its headquarters since the summer is imminently relocating, so Sky News was invited inside.

Lieutenant Colonel Arsen Dimitric – call sign Lemko – is the chief of staff of 1st Corps Azov of the National Guard of Ukraine, one of the country’s most effective combat forces.

Lemko
Image:
Lemko

He sat with us in the base, next to a large square table, covered by a map of the Donbas region.

His soldiers have been fighting in this area since the summer, countering a surge in Russian attacks in and around the frontline city of Pokrovsk.

“We aim to destroy as much of the enemy as possible,” he said.

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“Will we take losses? Yes. Will it hurt? Absolutely.”

But he said if Russia is allowed to advance, even more Ukrainians will suffer.

“Their [the Russians’] only advantage is numbers,” he said.

“They don’t care how many people they lose.”

Lemko said almost 17,000 Russian soldiers had been killed or wounded fighting in this section of the warzone alone between August to November.

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Ukrainian video footage of the battlefield showed Russian armoured vehicles being taken out by drones and artillery fire.

At one point, Russian soldiers mounted on motorbikes try to advance, only to be stopped by Ukrainian fire.

“Our task is to hit them as hard as possible in various areas,” Lemko said. “We focus on our operations, others on theirs, and leadership will negotiate the best possible terms.”

The Azov Corps soldiers are fighting over land that should be handed over to Russia, according to an initial draft of a peace deal proposal between Kyiv and Moscow put forward by the United States. This is despite swathes of the Donbas remaining under Ukrainian control.

But General Oleksandr Syrskyi, the head of the Ukrainian armed forces, has since told Sky News that simply surrendering territory would be “unacceptable”.

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Giving up territory ‘unacceptable’, Ukraine’s military chief says

For Lemko, he says the job of his troops is to inflict as much damage as possible on the Russian side to help strengthen Ukraine’s hand in negotiations.

“Simply giving it [land] away isn’t the way,” he said.

“Diplomats do their work, we do ours. Our job as soldiers is to give as many advantages as possible to our negotiating team. And we’re doing exactly that.”

Lemko, who has been battling against Russia since the Crimean annexation in 2014, also had a warning for the rest of Europe about a rise in hybrid attacks, such as mysterious drone sightings, acts of sabotage and cyber hacks suspected of being linked to Moscow.

He said Ukraine’s experience showed that if attacks by Russia that fall under the threshold of conventional war are not successfully countered, full-scale conflict could follow.

“Ukraine once lost a hybrid war that had been waged since the very start of our independence,” he said.

“Because of that defeat, there was a physical operation against us in Crimea and then a physical operation in 2022.

“Now the hybrid war has reached its climax, and it is moving into the Baltic States and Europe.

“That is why, in my opinion – and in the opinion of most of our officers – now is the moment for all countries to unite and counter this hybrid war. Because the consequence may be a physical one.”

Production: Katy Scholes, security and defence producer, and Azad Safarov, Ukraine producer.

Camera operator: Mostyn Pryce

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At least 25 people dead after major fire at nightclub in Goa, India

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At least 25 people dead after major fire at nightclub in Goa, India

At least 25 people have been killed after a fire at a nightclub in Goa, the state’s police service has said.

The fire reportedly started around midnight on Saturday local time.

The majority of victims were kitchen staff at the club – although around three to four tourists are thought to be among those killed.

Videos on social media showed emergency services lining up to help the injured – some of whom were taken to nearby hospitals.

Dr Pramod Sawant, Goa’s chief minister, said: “I am deeply grieved and offer my heartfelt condolences to all the bereaved families in this hour of unimaginable loss.”

He later said he was “closely reviewing the situation arising from the tragic fire” – adding six additional people had been injured.

“All six injured persons are in a stable condition and are receiving the best medical care,” he said.

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Pic: NDTV
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Pic: NDTV

Fire at nightclub in Goa. Pic: NDTV
Image:
Fire at nightclub in Goa. Pic: NDTV

Authorities worked through the night to bring the situation under control and all bodies have been recovered, the state’s police chief told reporters, according to Reuters news agency.

India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi said the deadly fire was “deeply saddening”.

He said he had spoken with Goa’s chief minister and that “the state government is providing all possible assistance to those affected”.

Dr Sawant said he has “ordered an inquiry” to discover what happened after visiting the site.

Pic: AP
Image:
Pic: AP

“The inquiry will examine the exact cause of the fire and whether fire safety norms and building rules were followed,” he said.

“Those found responsible will face most stringent action under the law – any negligence will be dealt with firmly.”

Goa, a small state on India’s western coast, is a popular tourist destination, attracting millions of tourists every year.

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Russia hits Ukraine with massive missile and drone attack amid peace talks

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Russia hits Ukraine with massive missile and drone attack amid peace talks

Russia launched a massive missile and drone attack on Ukraine overnight, after US and Ukrainian officials said they would meet for a third day of talks aimed at bringing the war to an end.

The two sides said they had made progress on a security framework for post-war Ukraine, but that any “real progress toward any agreement” will depend “on Russia’s readiness to show serious commitment to long-term peace.”

Russia launched 653 drones and 51 missiles in its attack on Ukraine, triggering air raid alerts across the country, Ukraine’s air force said.

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Giving up territory ‘unacceptable’ – Ukraine’s military chief

Ukrainian forces shot down and neutralised 585 drones and 30 missiles, the air force said, adding that 29 locations were struck.

At least eight people were wounded in the attacks, Ukraine’s minister of internal affairs Ihor Klymenko said.

Russia conducted a “massive missile-drone attack” on power stations and other energy infrastructure in several regions, Ukraine’s national energy operator Ukrenergo said on Instagram.

Ukraine’s Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant temporarily lost all off-site power overnight, the International Atomic Energy Agency said.

The plant is in an area that has been under Russian control since early in Moscow’s invasion of Ukraine. It is not in service, but needs reliable power to cool its six shutdown reactors and spent fuel in order to avoid any catastrophic nuclear incidents.

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Russia struke a train station in the city of Fastiv. Pics: Reuters
Image:
Russia struke a train station in the city of Fastiv. Pics: Reuters

Zelenskyy condemns ‘meaningless’ strikes

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy condemned the strikes as “meaningless” from a military point of view.

He said energy facilities were the main targets, but a drone strike had “burned down” a train station in the city of Fastiv, in the Kyiv region.

“The Russians’ goal is to hurt millions of Ukrainians, and they have sunk so low that they are launching missiles at peaceful cities on St. Nicholas Day,” he said.

“That is why additional pressure is needed. Sanctions must work, and so must our air defence, which means we must continue to support those who defend our lives.”

Ukraine strikes oil refinery

Meanwhile, Russia’s defence ministry said its air defences had shot down 116 Ukrainian drones over Russian territory overnight.

The General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces said Ukrainian forces had struck Russia’s Ryazan Oil Refinery, while Russian Telegram news channel Astra shared footage appearing to show a fire breaking out and plumes of smoke rising above the refinery.

Over the last few months, Ukraine has used long-range drones to target Russian refineries in an attempt to deprive Moscow of the oil export revenue it needs to continue the war.

Meanwhile, Kyiv and its Western allies say Russia is trying to cripple Ukraine’s power grid and deny civilians access to heat, light and running water in winter, which Ukrainian officials call “weaponising” the cold.

On Monday, Mr Zelenskyy will meet Sir Keir Starmer in London to discuss the ongoing negotiations mediated by the US, along with French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz.

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