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With Donald Trump preparing to return to the White House, attention has turned once again to Project 2025 – controversial plans for government linked to the president-elect.

The 922-page blueprint for government could reshape American democracy, it has been claimed.

It was written by an influential conservative thinktank, the Heritage Foundation.

It sets out policy proposals for a Republican win in the US presidential election, which was achieved when Mr Trump took Wisconsin yesterday morning, taking him past the 270 electoral college vote required for victory.

What policies are included in the document?

The document proposes a four pillar approach – the first sets out policies to be enacted, the others how those policies will be put in place.

This includes setting up a list of personnel who it says will be willing to move to Washington to form “an army of aligned, vetted, trained, and prepared conservatives to go to work on Day One to deconstruct the Administrative State”.

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At its heart, it says, is the need to “restore the family” to the centre of US life, recommending that once a conservative president is inaugurated “Federal power must… be wielded to reverse the crisis and rescue America’s kids from familial breakdown.”

The policy agenda includes criminalising pornography, disbanding the departments for education and homeland security and overhauling the FBI.

It rejects the concept of abortion as healthcare and proposes the rollback of LGBTQ+ rights, ending climate projections and using the military to tackle large-scale protests.

On immigration, the blueprint calls for the largest deportation in history, a policy for which Donald Trump has also expressed his support.

The database of personnel willing to help deliver Project 25 would create a pool of politically-appointed civil servants, who would be trained via an online presidential academy.

A 180-day action plan for how the government would achieve its goals is the fourth pillar of the project.

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What is the Heritage Foundation?

The Heritage Foundation, based in Washington DC, was founded in 1973.

Its mission upon its creation was to mould America into a more Christian, conservative country.

“Essentially, what this boils down to is a vision of the country that privileges and prioritises Christians,” said US historian Dr Kristin Kobes Du Mez.

In 1981, the foundation wrote its first manifesto, which promised to roll back the state and unleash free market capitalism, the same year in which, in the January, Ronald Reagan was inaugurated as president.

One of the report’s authors says in its introduction: “By the end of that year, more than 60% of its recommendations had become policy.”

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What has Trump said about the document?

Donald Trump tried to distance himself from Project 2025 during the election campaign, but the president-elect has previously spoken at Heritage Foundation events.

In April 2022, he said: “This is a great group and they’re going to lay the groundwork in detailed plans for exactly what our movement will do and what your movement will do when the American people give us a colossal mandate to save America.”

But in a rally this summer, he said the project had been designed by some on the “severe right”, and in September’s presidential debate he said he had “nothing to do with Project 2025”.

What have the Democrats said?

During the election campaign, the Democrats used Project 2025 as a major political attack point.

President Biden said the project would “destroy America”, while vice president Harris called it “extreme” and said would “weaken the middle class”.

Would such a large number of political appointees be possible?

Many positions in the US administration have to be vetted and go through a series of rounds of approval before they can be appointed.

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Some have questioned whether a plan to put such a large number of politically aligned appointees into positions across government would be possible.

Javed Ali, a security analyst and former senior director of counterterrorism under Donald Trump, told Sky News: “Depending on who is prefered by [Trump], will they go through the traditional process by which you have to be presidentially appointed, confirmed by the US senate, go through an extensive background investigation process to get your security clearance? Those are all things that have stood the test of time.

“If President Trump wants to bypass those, I’m not sure of the legal basis on which he can operate, or if there is some executive basis he might have as commander in chief, but that will be a fascinating aspect of this.”

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Trump and Musk’s extraordinary spat minute-by-minute

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Trump and Musk's extraordinary spat minute-by-minute

They were once the best of friends, but last night that came to an end – and it all unfolded online as people across the world looked on… and retweeted.

Tension between Elon Musk and Donald Trump had been building for several days after the SpaceX billionaire criticised the US president’s signature tax bill.

While initially it remained cordial, the president suggested his former backer and adviser missed being in government and suffered from “Trump derangement syndrome”, leading to a sudden and dramatic deterioration in relations between the pair.

They have two of the largest platforms in the world, and last night, they turned them on each other. While much of Europe slept through it, here is every insult and barb as it happened… so far.

6.39pm: ‘Big ugly spending bill’

Musk tells Trump his “big ugly spending bill” will make the economic situation worse.

Five minutes later he retweets a video in which he says the bill will increase the US’s deficit to $2.5 trillion (£1.85 trn).

AT 6.48pm he shares a post about the bill’s popularity, simply saying: “Kill bill”.

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‘Wheels come off’ Musk-Trump relationship

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6.49pm: Trump’s ‘body double’

Earlier in the evening, Musk reshares a series of posts (dating back to 2012) from Trump’s X account, including ones saying deficits should not be allowed.

He then reshares a post of someone praising him, adding: “Where is the man who wrote these words? Was he replaced by a body double!?”

He then retweets a meme, making light of Trump’s plan, which links to a poll he had run the previous day.

7.23pm: Back to the bill

Musk starts tweeting about the “big ugly spending bill” again, saying members of Congress didn’t even have time to read it before it was passed.

He continues to tweet about this for most of the night, including accusing the government of “spending America into bankruptcy”.

7.30pm: Who is right?

Musk retweets a poll that shows 76% of 1.5 million voters think he is right in his spat with the president.

7.37pm: Elon was ‘wearing thin’

Trump shares a post on his Truth Social site that accuses Musk of going “crazy” after the president took away his EV mandate.

Trump says he asked Musk to leave his position within the White House
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Trump says he asked Musk to leave his position within the White House. Pic: TruthSocial

Musk responds by sharing a number of former interviews, including a video from 2021 where he says the industry does not need EV tax credits.

Trump then shares a post in which he writes the “easiest way to save money in our Budget, Billions and Billions of Dollars, is to terminate Elon’s Governmental Subsidies and Contracts”.

8.10pm: The Epstein ‘bomb’

Arguably the largest moment in their fight – Musk accuses Trump of being in the Epstein files.

He gives no evidence for the claim. White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt dismisses the comment.

9.06pm: Musk ‘turning against me’

Trump says he doesn’t mind Musk turning against him, but adds that “he should have done so months ago”.

He then goes on to voice continued support for his bill, calling it “one of the greatest bills ever presented to Congress”.

Read more:
The big beautiful bust up that everyone knew was coming

In a post shared on his Truth Social account, the President says he doesn't mind Elon Musk 'turning against' him
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In a post shared on his Truth Social account, the US president says he doesn’t mind Musk ‘turning against’ him. Pic: TruthSocial

9.09pm: Decommissioning Dragon

Following Trump’s statement about terminating his contracts, Musk tweets: “In light of the President’s statement about cancellation of my government contracts, @SpaceX will begin decommissioning its Dragon spacecraft immediately.”

Dragon is the only US spacecraft available to deliver crew to and from the International Space Station.

Two minutes later he retweets a post calling on Trump to be impeached, adding simply: “Yes.”

Elon Musk, left, and Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump attend a campaign event at the Butler Farm Show,
Image:
Musk and Trump in happier times, on the campaign trail in 2024. Pic: AP

9.29pm: Trump’s tariffs

Musk hits out at Trump’s tariffs, resharing a tweet from someone who called them “stupid”.

“The Trump tariffs will cause a recession in the second half of this year,” he adds.

For the rest of the evening, Musk reshares posts from other users, often adding a laughing face emoji, or the occasional comment, including the words: “If America goes broke, nothing else matters.”

2.20am: Musk says he won’t decommission spacecraft

Just after 2am, an account with a few hundred followers tweets Musk: “This is a shame this back and forth. You are both better than this. Cool off and take a step back for a couple days.”

In response, Musk agrees he won’t decommission the Dragon spacecraft.

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In a dangerous world, the explosive Trump-Musk bust-up is more terrifying than titillating

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In a dangerous world, the explosive Trump-Musk bust-up is more terrifying than titillating

Elon Musk posted in February that he loved his president, patron and personal friend, “as much as a straight man can love another man.”

And they had so much in common: colossal egos; mercurial political views; compulsive social media habits.

Yet, it was clear to almost all but the most hopeless MAGA romantics that this rocket-fuelled megastar bromance was doomed to fail.

But who would have predicted an end this spectacular – their relationship undergoing a “rapid unscheduled disassembly” to rival the most explosive of Mr Musk‘s test rockets.

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Trump and Musk’s feud explained

Their hysterical tit-for-tat on social media might be the stuff of Hollywood tabloids, but its consequences could be grave.

The break-up has already had a major impact on Mr Musk’s wealth, with Tesla shares sliding 15% on the news.

But Mr Musk’s social media platform and $250m of political donations played no small part in getting Mr Trump and his supporters into the White House.

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If that money and influence were to turn against them, it could see them out.

President-elect Donald Trump greets Elon Musk before the launch of the sixth test flight of the SpaceX Starship rocket Tuesday, Nov. 19, 2024 in Boca Chica, Texas. (Brandon Bell/Pool via AP)
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Donald Trump greets Elon Musk before a Starship rocket launch last November. File pic: AP

And in terms of strategic significance, Elon Musk’s SpaceX is no ordinary company.

In 2024, it averaged a rocket launch every three days, accounting for nearly 90% of the US orbital launch market and took more cargo into space last year than the rest of the world combined.

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The extraordinary spat minute-by-minute
The big, beautiful bust-up everyone knew was coming

Elon Musk already appears to have backed down on his threat to decommission the SpaceX Crew Dragon that ferries astronauts to the International Space Station.

Doing so would have risked the lives of the crew on board, leaving the US and its international partners reliant on Russian hardware to take them in and out of orbit.

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Why doesn’t Musk like Trump’s ‘Big Beautiful Bill’?

Nor is it likely Mr Trump would, or even could, take down a company as necessary to US interests as SpaceX.

Although the souring of relations will be good news for his up-and-coming rivals like Amazon founder Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin launch company.

SpaceX is heavily reliant on government contracts from NASA and the US military. But it could be years before a competitor can rival its near-monopoly on space launches.

The two men could, of course, patch things up. It wouldn’t be the first time either has said outrageous things on social media that they later shrugged off.

But in one way, the damage has already been done.

The world has witnessed two of its most powerful people row like teenagers with no evidence of the wisdom, restraint or cool-headedness most would expect of reliable businessmen and heads of state.

Given the state of the world right now, what the lurid details of their row says about the two men is more terrifying than titillating.

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Serving coffee in America, under fear of death from the Taliban in Afghanistan

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Serving coffee in America, under fear of death from the Taliban in Afghanistan

At a coffee shop in northern Virginia, you’ll find a taste of the Middle East.

But President Trump’s travel ban has turned the stomachs of the owner and her staff.

Layla Atik is from Yemen, her employees are from Afghanistan and Eritrea, three of the 12 countries on the restricted list.

“I see firsthand the struggles that my own colleagues go through, and they’re very hard-working people,” Layla told me.

“So, coming here, they’re adding value to this economy. They’re not coming here and causing trouble or anything,” she added.

Blevins
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Atefeh Aslami worries the Taliban will ‘kill’ her family if they return to Afghanistan

Atefeh Aslami, who works in the cafe, fled from Afghanistan but now fears she won’t be granted asylum in America.

“If I go back to Afghanistan, the Taliban will kill us,” she said.

“My children don’t want to go back to Afghanistan, especially my girl, who will not be allowed to go to school.

“It’s a matter of life for me, for my husband, for my children, for all of us.”

Coffee
Image:
This coffee shop in northern Virginia has three employees from countries on President Trump’s restricted list

Pouring from a cezve, a Turkish coffee pot, her Afghan colleague Zahir Moradi said: “If someone is trying to come here… it’s because they need help, because they want to live a better life, that’s it.”

A wall, emblazoned in gold with the words “life begins”, forms the backdrop to a vast array of Middle Eastern coffee and pastries.

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‘We don’t want them’ -Trump

But this 2025 version of Trump’s 2017 ‘Muslim ban’ turns the so-called American dream into a nightmare for millions around the globe.

President Trump claimed last weekend’s firebomb attack in Boulder, Colorado, justified new travel restrictions.

But a Vietnam veteran, drinking coffee with his family at the cafe in Virginia, didn’t believe the latest ban would make America safer.

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Anger over Trump’s travel ban

He said: “I’m a firm believer in allowing immigration, and I think it’s terrible that we’re deporting people that really have never done anything wrong.

“They just happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time, they get picked up by ICE (Immigration Compliance and Enforcement), and off they go.”

Trump’s travel ban: The notable countries omitted – amid anger over ‘moral disgrace’

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His nephew, seated beside him, told me those who think the travel ban is about security were “misguided”.

“I think you fear what you don’t understand,” he said.

When I asked what the administration doesn’t understand, he replied: “Other cultures.”

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