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A report titled Climate Change Projections for India (2021–2040) has warned of severe implications for India’s climate, economy and food security in the coming decades. The new climate data set was published by Azim Premji University. It outlines potential climate scenarios and urges policymakers, educators, and NGOs to devise strategies that address these challenges effectively. The findings project increases in temperatures, intensified monsoons, and shifts in precipitation patterns, all of which could significantly impact health, agriculture, and rural livelihoods.

Rising Temperatures Across Scenarios

The report predicts that by 2057, India’s annual maximum temperature may rise by 1.5 degrees Celsius under a moderate emissions scenario. However, under a high-emissions trajectory, this threshold could be crossed a decade earlier, by 2043.

Low-emission pathways (SSP2-4.5) indicate that 196 districts could see summer maximum temperatures rise by at least 1 degree Celsius, with Leh projected to experience the steepest increase at 1.6 degrees Celsius. Meanwhile, under high emissions (SSP5-8.5), up to 249 districts are expected to witness similar rises, with 17 districts, including Leh, surpassing 1.5 degrees Celsius during summers.

Winter minimum temperatures are also projected to increase significantly, with districts like Anjaw in Arunachal Pradesh potentially experiencing a rise of 2.2 degrees Celsius under high emissions.

Shifts in Rainfall and Monsoonal Activity

Precipitation patterns are expected to vary widely. Western states such as Gujarat and Rajasthan may encounter a 20–50 percent rise in annual rainfall, while northeastern states like Arunachal Pradesh could see deficits of up to 15 percent. The southwest monsoon is likely to intensify in western regions, while the northeast monsoon may weaken, potentially exacerbating drought conditions in rain-dependent northeastern states.

Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security

The report highlights the potential for food insecurity due to disruptions in monsoons and rising temperatures. Increased heavy rainfall in high-altitude regions like Ladakh could trigger landslides, while drought-like conditions in northeastern areas may threaten rain-fed agriculture.

Coastal districts may face wet-bulb temperatures above 31 degrees Celsius, posing significant health risks. The report serves as a critical resource for shaping India’s response to these escalating climate challenges.

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First Baby Born With Help From a Robot in AI-Assisted IVF

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April 15, 2025

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First Baby Born With Help From a Robot in AI-Assisted IVF

The world’s first baby was born following conception using a fully automated, digitally controlled intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) system. The system automates each of the 23 steps of the standard ICSI procedure, either under artificial intelligence (AI) control or under the digital control of a remote operator. The automated process promises to enhance precision, improve efficiency, and ensure consistent outcomes through reduced variability and work-related stress on human operators. Additionally, the automated method might help maximise injection timing and increase egg survival. With improvements in sperm and egg selection, artificial intelligence has made notable changes in the IVF lab.

The newest technique applies artificial intelligence to guide the microinjection inside the egg and position the sperm cell in the injection pipette. The successful birth occurred at Hope IVF Mexico in Guadalajara in a 40-year-old woman referred for treatment using donated eggs. The safe performance of the system in a study including additional patients will determine its validity in a broader therapy application.

Breakthrough Birth: IVF Baby Conceived by Remote-Controlled Robots

According to the report, the in vitro fertilisation (IVF) process was mostly finished by remotely controlled robots. The embryo came via ICSI, initially established in the 1990s using IVF methods. ICSI involves injecting one sperm cell directly into an egg, while conventional IVF places an egg cell in a dish with thousands of sperm. When a man is infertile, this approach helps since the sperm could find it difficult to reach the egg without intervention.

AI System Automates Entire IVF Fertilisation Process

A team at Conceivable Life Sciences, a fertility biotech startup with offices in New York City, developed the technology automating the procedure. From identifying the best sperm to injecting it into an egg to deciding on the most viable embryos, the researchers created a system able to finish the 23 stages required in ICSI. Based on the morphology of the sperm cells, an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm helps the automated system select the optimal sperm to inject into the egg. A second artificial intelligence algorithm selects the most appropriate embryos based on their chromosome appearance and chances of implanting in the uterine wall.

While the conventional procedure clocks in at 1 minute and 22 seconds on average, the automated ICSI method takes more time—an average of 9 minutes and 56 seconds—for every egg. In this experiment, the scientists used eight egg cells total—five fertilised using the new method and three using hand ICSI. The automated system produced four embryos from the five eggs, even though the three eggs in the hand group were all successfully fertilised.

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Astronomers Detect Methane in the Atmosphere of the Nearest T Dwarf Star to Earth

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April 12, 2025

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Astronomers Detect Methane in the Atmosphere of the Nearest T Dwarf Star to Earth

The scientists have found methane in the atmosphere of WISEA J181006.18 −101000.5, the T dwarf closest to Earth. The study was published in the online preprint journal arXiv on March 28, and the final, revised version was published on November 17. The WISE1810 is a metal-poor T dwarf planet, which is situated at a distance of 29 light years from the Earth. The effective temperature of the dwarf is reported to be within the range of 800–1,300 K.

Methane Signature Surprises Astronomers

According to a Phys.org report, the finding is made greatly possible by the present 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). The detection of methane in the atmosphere of the dwarf planet has further made its classification as T-type instead of L-type, which was earlier suggested in previous studies, the publication notes. The study further reveal that there are no traces of carbon monoxide and potassium in the atmosphere of the WISE1810. 

The study further highlights that the carbon abundance in the planet is estimated to be -1.5 dex, while the effective temperature could be around 1,000 K. The author of the paper further revealed that the low metallicity of the T dwarf planet could be due to the non-detection of atomic potassium. However, a lower temperature could also boost this effect, the report further highlights. The study also found that WISE1810 has a heliocentric velocity of -83 km/s. 

The 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) supplies a significant contribution to finishing WISEA J181006.18−101000 observations. Interestingly, the previous observations of the dwarf platent suggested that the atmosphere of the dwarf planet was dominated by hydrogen and water vapour. Moreover, the study further reveals that findings indicates WISE1810 could more likely to be associated with the Milky Way’s thick disk, despite its very low metallicity.

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Scientists Finally Discover How Long a Day Lasts on Uranus

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3 days ago

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April 12, 2025

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Scientists Finally Discover How Long a Day Lasts on Uranus

Scientists have finally found how about Uranus day length using the most recent analysis of a decade’s worth of Hubble Space Telescope data. As per the scientists, the Uranus holds 17 hours, 14 minutes, and 52 seconds to finish a complete rotation—that is, 28 seconds more than the estimation served by NASA’s Voyager 2 spacecraft. This estimation was made possible through the measurement of the magnetic fields and the radio waves coming from the auras of the planet. This understanding helps one derive surface mapping and alignment estimation in perplexing surroundings. Some of those maps may need to be reconsidered based on the most recent research.

Hubble Refines Uranus’ Spin and Orbit Time

According to reports, the Hubble Space Telescope study verified Uranus completed a revolution in 17 hours, 14 minutes, and 52 seconds. That is 28 seconds more than the NASA mission Voyager 2, from the 1980s.

The report further mentions that through examination of a ten-year record of aurora observations, a team headed by Laurent Lamy at the Paris Observatory in France revealed the magnetic poles of the planet. That long-term monitoring gave even more exact rotation periods—that is, nearly 84 Earth years for Uranus to orbit the sun.

Uranus’ Rotation Refined, Aiding Future Exploration

On Uranus, a day just lasts far longer. More precise rotational time observations of the gas giant should enable scientists to plan visits to investigate it. Unlike on Mars and Earth, savage windstorms make it far more difficult to identify the rotation times of the biggest solar system planets.

The first estimate of Uranus’s spin was shifted closer to the Voyager 2 probe, which made a close-range approach on January 24, 1986. The researchers during that time found out that the planet’s mangetic field was by 59 degrees from celestial north. Moreover, the researchers observed that its rotation axis was 98 degrees offset.

Uranus Spins Sideways with a 17-Hour Day, Scientists Confirm

The report further mentions that Uranus effectively revolves “lying down” compared to Earth; during this period, its magnetic poles find a giant circle as the planet rotates. These highest offsets mean With a safety margin of plus or minus 36 seconds, scientists at the time estimated that Uranus was completing a full revolution in every 17 hours, 14 minutes, and 24 seconds by measuring the magnetic field of the planet as well as radio emissions from aurora at its magnetic poles.

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