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Efforts to create a comprehensive map of all human cells have taken a significant leap forward. Researchers associated with the Human Cell Atlas (HCA), a global scientific consortium, have released over 40 studies detailing critical progress in mapping the 37 trillion cells that make up the human body. These findings, published on 20 November in Nature journals, focus on cells in organs such as the lungs, skin, and brain and outline advanced computational tools for analysing vast datasets.

The project aims to profile cells from diverse populations worldwide to identify their unique functions, locations, and interactions at various stages of life. Already, data from 100 million cells sourced from over 10,000 individuals in more than 100 countries have been collected. By 2026, researchers plan to present the first draft of the atlas, with future versions expected to incorporate billions of cells.

Detailed Discoveries Across the Body

Among the recent findings is a comprehensive cellular map of the digestive system, from the oesophagus to the colon. This work, based on data from 190 individuals, uncovered a type of cell involved in inflammatory diseases like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Professor Itai Yanai of NYU Langone Health noted that these cells likely trigger immune responses, contributing to inflammation in diseased tissues.

Other studies have shed light on early human development, including insights into skeletal formation during pregnancy and conditions like craniosynostosis. Maps comparing fetal brain development with lab-grown brain organoids also highlight the accuracy of these models, which replicate human brain activity up to the second trimester.

Implications for Medical Research

The findings have implications for drug discovery and disease understanding. Dr Aviv Regev, co-chair of the HCA, likened the work to advancements in mapping technologies, stating, “We have transitioned from basic, crude maps to something as detailed as Google Maps.” However, she acknowledged the significant work that lies ahead to complete this ambitious project.

The research has already led to groundbreaking discoveries, including the identification of a new lung cell type and insights into tissues vulnerable to COVID-19. Scientists aim to continue refining these maps, using organoids and other methods to unravel human biology and disease mechanisms.

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Astronaut Captures Rare ‘Gigantic Jet’ Lightning Extending 50 Miles Above Earth

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March 6, 2025

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Astronaut Captures Rare ‘Gigantic Jet’ Lightning Extending 50 Miles Above Earth

A rare ‘gigantic jet’ of lightning has been photographed from space, extending nearly 50 miles above the U.S. coastline. The image was taken by an astronaut aboard the International Space Station (ISS) on November 19, 2024, but was not immediately shared by space agencies. The phenomenon was later discovered on NASA’s Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth website by photographer Frankie Lucena, who specialises in capturing rare lightning events. The images were subsequently highlighted by Spaceweather.com on February 26.

Jet Likely Originated Over Louisiana

According to Spaceweather.com, the ISS was positioned over the Gulf of Mexico at the time of the capture, suggesting that the lightning jet likely originated from a thunderstorm near New Orleans. Due to dense cloud cover in the image, the precise location could not be determined. Four images of lightning were identified in the astronaut’s photography sequence, but only one captured the distinct upward-shooting jet.

Understanding Gigantic Jets

Gigantic jets are powerful electrical discharges that travel upward from thunderstorms when charge layers within the clouds become inverted. Unlike conventional lightning that strikes downward, these jets extend into the ionosphere, the atmospheric layer beginning around 50 miles above the Earth’s surface. As per Spaceweather.com, these jets emit a blue glow due to interactions with nitrogen in the upper atmosphere and last for less than a second.

Uncommon but Extremely Powerful

Reports indicate that while gigantic jets were first documented in 2001, scientists estimate that around 1,000 could occur annually, though most go undetected. The most powerful recorded jet was observed in May 2018 over Oklahoma, carrying nearly 60 times the energy of a typical lightning strike. These events often conclude with red branching tendrils, similar to lightning phenomena known as sprites, but classified as separate occurrences.

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Solar Storm to Trigger Northern Lights in US: Visibility, Timing & Impact



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Solar Storm to Trigger Northern Lights in US: Visibility, Timing & Impact

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10 hours ago

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March 6, 2025

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Solar Storm to Trigger Northern Lights in US: Visibility, Timing & Impact

A solar storm is set to reach Earth tonight, with potential geomagnetic activity that could make the northern lights visible as far south as New York and Idaho. The event is the result of a coronal mass ejection (CME) from the Sun, which was recorded on March 1. The Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has classified this as a G1-level geomagnetic storm, with a possibility of stronger G2 conditions. As a result, skywatchers in mid-latitudes may witness the aurora borealis in areas where the skies remain clear.

Geomagnetic Storm Forecast and Impact

According to NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center, the CME is expected to make contact with Earth’s magnetic field between March 4 and March 5. The intensity of the storm is predicted to peak between 7:00 p.m. EST and 10:00 p.m. EST on March 5. While a G1 storm is considered minor, space weather physicist Tamitha Skov has indicated that G2 storm conditions remain a possibility, increasing the chances of a more widespread auroral display.

Geomagnetic storms occur when charged particles from the Sun interact with Earth’s magnetosphere, potentially affecting satellite communications, power grids, and GPS accuracy. Experts have advised that radio operators, GPS users, and drone pilots may experience signal disruptions, especially during nighttime hours when such interference is more pronounced.

Visibility and Viewing Conditions

As per reports, aurora visibility will largely depend on atmospheric clarity and light pollution levels. NOAA’s storm classification system places G1 storms as minor, meaning that the northern lights will likely be seen closer to high-latitude regions. If G2 storm conditions occur, visibility could extend further south. Observers are advised to find dark locations away from city lights for the best viewing experience.

For real-time updates and forecasts, space weather monitoring agencies continue to track the storm’s progression.

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NASA Tests Advanced Infrared Technology to Improve Wildfire Monitoring

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March 6, 2025

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NASA Tests Advanced Infrared Technology to Improve Wildfire Monitoring

Wildfires in California during January caused widespread destruction, affecting communities and ecosystems. To improve wildfire monitoring and response, NASA deployed a new scientific instrument capable of capturing high-resolution thermal infrared images. The Compact Fire Infrared Radiance Spectral Tracker (c-FIRST) was tested aboard NASA’s B200 King Air aircraft over fire-hit areas in Pacific Palisades and Altadena. The instrument, developed for satellite-based missions, was assessed for its ability to provide real-time data on active and smoldering fires. Scientists aim to use this technology to enhance understanding of wildfire behavior and improve mitigation strategies.

Enhanced Fire Detection and Data Collection

According to reports, the c-FIRST instrument was developed and is managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), with support from NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office. The compact design allows it to be deployed on airborne platforms, simulating satellite missions while providing near-instantaneous observations. The system captures a wide range of fire characteristics, including temperature variations across large areas. Unlike previous infrared imaging systems, c-FIRST can detect extremely high temperatures exceeding 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit (550 degrees Celsius) with improved clarity.

In a statement, Sarath Gunapala, principal investigator for c-FIRST at NASA JPL, noted that current fire observation instruments do not fully capture fire attributes across the Earth system. He explained that limitations in past imaging technologies have resulted in gaps in data concerning wildfire frequency, size, and intensity.

Potential Benefits for Fire Management

As per sources, c-FIRST is expected to provide critical insights for firefighting agencies by identifying smoldering fires that could reignite under changing wind conditions. In a report, Gunapala stated that the instrument’s ability to distinguish such fires in near real-time could support more effective wildfire management efforts.

KC Sujan, operations engineer for the B200 King Air, told that the aircraft’s flight characteristics made it ideal for testing the instrument. With further evaluation, c-FIRST is expected to be integrated into future satellite missions, potentially improving global wildfire monitoring capabilities.

For details of the latest launches and news from Samsung, Xiaomi, Realme, OnePlus, Oppo and other companies at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, visit our MWC 2025 hub.

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