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An Amazon Web Services data center in Ashburn, Virginia, US, on Sunday, July 28, 2024.

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The power needs of artificial intelligence and cloud computing are growing so large that individual data center campuses could soon use more electricity than some cities, and even entire U.S. states, according to companies developing the facilities.

The electricity consumption of data centers has exploded along with their increasingly critical role in the economy in the past 10 years, housing servers that power the applications businesses and consumers rely on for daily tasks.

Now, with the advent of artificial intelligence, data centers are growing so large that finding enough power to drive them and enough suitable land to house them will become increasingly difficult, the developers say. The facilities could increasingly demand a gigawatt or more of power — one billion watts — or about twice the residential electricity consumption of the Pittsburgh area last year.

Technology companies are in a “race of a lifetime to global dominance” in artificial intelligence, said Ali Fenn, president of Lancium, a company that secures land and power for data centers in Texas. “It’s frankly about national security and economic security,” she said. “They’re going to keep spending” because there’s no more profitable place to deploy capital.

Renewable energy alone won’t be sufficient to meet their power needs. Natural gas will have to play a role, developers say, which will slow progress toward meeting carbon dioxide emissions targets.

(See here for which stocks are helping to fix the nation’s power grid.)

Regardless of where the power comes from, data centers are now at a scale where they have started “tapping out against the existing utility infrastructure,” said Nat Sahlstrom, chief energy officer at Tract, a Denver-based company that secures land, infrastructure and power resources for such facilities.

And “the funnel of available of land in this country that’s industrial zone land that can fit the data center use case — it’s becoming more and more constrained,” said Sahlstrom, who previously led Amazon’s energy, water and sustainability teams.

Beyond Virginia

As land and power grow more limited, data centers are expanding into new markets outside the long-established global hub in northern Virginia, Sahlstrom said. The electric grid that serves Virginia is facing looming reliability problems. Power demand is expected to surge, while supply is falling due to the retirement of coal- and some natural gas-powered plants.

Tract, for example, has assembled more than 23,000 acres of land for data center development across the U.S., with large holdings in Maricopa County, Arizona — home to Phoenix — and Storey County, Nevada, near Reno.

Tract recently bought almost 2,100 acres in Buckeye, Arizona with plans to develop the land into one of the largest data center campuses in the country. The privately-held company is working with utilities to secure up to 1.8 gigawatts of power for the site to support as many as 40 individual data centers.

For context, a data center campus with peak demand of one gigawatt is roughly equivalent to the average annual consumption of about 700,000 homes, or a city of around 1.8 million people, according to a CNBC analysis using data from the Department of Energy and Census Bureau.

A data center campus that size would use more power in one year than retail electric sales in Alaska, Rhode Island or Vermont, according to Department of Energy data.

A gigawatt-size data center campus running at even the lower end of peak demand is still roughly comparable to about 330,000 households, or a city of more than 800,000 people — about the population of San Francisco.

The average size of individual data centers operated by the major tech companies is currently around 40 megawatts, but a growing pipeline of campuses of 250 megawatts or more is coming, according to data from the Boston Consulting Group.

The U.S. is expected see a growing number of data center campuses of 500 megawatts or more, equivalent to half a gigawatt, in the 2030s through mid-2040s, according to the BCG data. Facilities of that size are comparable to about 350,000 homes, according to CNBC’s analysis.

“Certainly the average size of the data centers is increasing at a rapid pace from now to 2030,” said Vivian Lee, managing director and partner at BCG.

Community impact

Texas has become an increasingly attractive market due to a less burdensome regulatory environment and abundant energy resources that are more easily tailored to specific sites, Sahlstrom said. “Texas is probably the world’s best experiment lab to deploy your own power solution,” the energy officer said.

Houston-based Lancium set up shop in 2017 with the idea of bringing large electric loads closer to abundant renewable energy resources in west and central Texas, said Fenn, the company’s president. Originally focused on cryptocurrency mining, Lancium later shifted its focus to providing power for artificial intelligence with the advent of ChatGPT in late 2022.

'We need a lot more power' to support the digital transformation, says Vertiv's David Cote

Today, Lancium has five data center campuses in various stages of development. A 1,000-acre campus in Abilene is expected to open in the first quarter of 2025 with 250 megawatts of power that will ramp up to 1.2 gigawatts in 2026.

The minimum power requirement for Lancium’s data center customers is now a gigawatt, and future plans involve scaling them up to between three and five gigawatts, Fenn said.

For data centers that size, developers have to ensure that electricity costs in neighboring communities don’t rise as a consequence and that grid reliability is maintained, Fenn said. Pairing such facilities with new power generation is crucial, she said.

“The data centers have to partner with utilities, the system operators, the communities, to really establish that these things are assets to the grid and not liabilities to the grid,” Fenn said. “Nobody’s going to keep approving” such developments if they push up residential and commercial electric rates.

Renewables not enough

Data center campuses run by publicly-traded Equinix are rising to several hundred megawatts from 100- to 200 megawatts, said Jon Lin, general manager for data center services at the company. Equinix is one of the largest data center operators in the world with 260 facilities spread across 72 metropolitan areas in the U.S. and abroad.

Developers prefer carbon-free renewable energy, but they also see solar and wind alone as unable to meet current demand due to their reliance on changing weather conditions.

Some of the most critical workloads for the world’s economy, such as financial exchanges, run at data centers operated by Equinix, Lin said. Equinix’s data centers are online more than 99% of the time and outages are out of the question, the executive said.

“The firmness of the power is still incredibly important for these data centers, and so doing that solely off of local renewables is candidly just not an option,” Lin said.

The major technology companies are some of the largest purchasers of renewable power in the U.S., but they are increasingly turning to nuclear in search of more reliable sources of electricity. Microsoft is supporting the restart of the Three Mile Island nuclear plant outside Harrisburg, Pennsylvania through a power purchase agreement. Amazon and Alphabet’s Google are investing in small nuclear reactors.

AWS CEO on Amazon's $500 million small modular reactors investment

But building new nuclear reactors is expensive and fraught with delays. Two new reactors in Georgia recently came online years behind schedule and billions of dollars over budget.

In the short run, natural gas will fuel much of the power demanded by data centers, Lancium’s Fenn said. Gas is the main, short-term power source providing the reliability these facilities require, Boston Consulting Group’s Lee said.

Investments could be made in new gas generation that adds carbon capture and battery storage technology over time to mitigate the environmental impact, Lee said.

The industry hopes that gas demand will taper off as renewables expand, battery storage costs come down and AI helps data centers operate more efficiently, Fenn said. But in the near term, there’s no question that data center expansion is disrupting technology companies’ emissions targets, she said.

“Hopefully, it’s a short term side step,” Fenn said of stepped-up natural gas usage. “What I’m seeing amongst our data center partners, our hyperscale conversations, is we cannot let this have an adverse effect on the environmental goals.”

Note: CNBC analysis assumes a data center campus is continuously utilizing 85% of its peak demand of a gigawatt throughout the year, for a total consumption of 7.4 billion kilowatt-hours. Analysis uses national averages for household electricity consumption from EIA and household size from Census Bureau.

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Navee ST3 Pro e-scooter with quad suspension at new $850 low, ECOVACS A2500 RTK robot mower $1,500 low, Lectric, more

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May 27, 2025

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Navee ST3 Pro e-scooter with quad suspension at new 0 low, ECOVACS A2500 RTK robot mower ,500 low, Lectric, more

Just because Memorial Day is over, doesn’t mean the savings are slowing down on eco-friendly tech, and today’s Green Deals feature a mix of new and ongoing discounts at some of the best prices of the season. Headlining today is Navee’s newly launched Father’s Day Sale with up to $264 in savings on its two latest e-scooter series, which includes the new flagship ST3 Pro Electric Scooter with a damping arm suspension system, Apple Find My, and plenty more down at an $850 low, along with some free gear too. Next, we have ECOVACS’ new Goat A2500 RTK Robot Lawn Mower returning to its $1,500 low for the second time, as well as Lectric’s XP Lite 2.0 Long-Range e-bikes with $404 free bundled gear starting from $999. Lastly, we spotted EcoFlow’s DELTA 2 Smart Extra Battery dropping back to its $429 low. Plus, there’s all the rest of the hangover Green Deals and ongoing Memorial Day EV sales in the links at the bottom of the page, like yesterday’s ongoing increased savings on the Ride1Up Portola e-bike, and more – and don’t forget to browse our Memorial Day EV hub for the hangover savings while they last.

Head below for other New Green Deals we’ve found today and, of course, Electrek’s best EV buying and leasing deals. Also, check out the new Electrek Tesla Shop for the best deals on Tesla accessories.

Navee drops new flagship ST3 Pro electric scooter with damping arm suspension and Apple Find My to $850 + free gear

With Memorial Day having passed, Navee is jumping right into its Father’s Day Savings event with up to $264 in discounts across four of its newest e-scooters. The sale is headlined by Navee’s flagship ST3 Pro Electric Scooter that comes with $64 in free gear at $849.99 shipped. This entire package would normally cost you $1,014 in full these days ($950 for just the scooter), which has come down from its original $1,299 price tag from when it was unveiled at CES 2025 through its launch at the end of March. The biggest discount we saw in the time since was the early-bird launch discount to $899, which is getting beaten out here by today’s deal. All-in-all, despite the savings here only totaling up to $164, you’re still getting a high-performance commuting solution at the lowest price we have tracked. Head below for more.

Navee’s flagship ST3 Pro electric scooter is a commuter with serious get-up-and-go power, coming equipped with a 600W motor (1,350 peak) and a 12.75Ah battery that can carry you up to 46.6 miles on a single charge and reach 25 MPH top speeds – plus, that peak power is ready to conquer up to 28% inclines. A standout feature here is the brand’s new automotive-grade damping arm suspension system that will smooth out your travels at the front and rear, thanks to the four polymer arms. And security gets a step up from other scooters with the addition of Apple Find My too.

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There’s plenty more to be impressed by on Navee’s ST3 Pro electric scooter, like the triple-braking system made up of hydraulic disc, drum, and automotive-grade eABS brakes, the latter of which also boasts regenerative braking capabilities to recycle energy for prolonged journeys. There are also self-healing tires, an auto-on headlight, integrated turn signals and a taillight with brake lighting, lighting under the footboards with 15 different modes, a traction control system, a 3.6-inch LED display, its folding frame, and some additional remote smart controls via its companion app, like manual and auto locking, among others. Among the free gear, you’ll get an e-scooter lock and a phone holder for added convenience and peace of mind.

Navee’s other Father’s Day e-scooter deals:

  • GT3 Electric Scooter: $500 (Reg. $614)
    • 20 MPH for up to 31 miles
    • Apple Find My, smart locking, quad shock absorption, dual braking, and more.
    • comes with lock and phone holder
  • GT3 Pro Electric Scooter: $550 (Reg. $714)
    • 20 MPH for up to 37.3 miles
    • Apple Find My, smart locking, quad shock absorption, dual braking, and more.
    • comes with lock and phone holder
  • ST3 Electric Scooter: $750 (Reg. $914)
    • 25 MPH for up to 37.3 miles
    • Apple Find My, smart locking, damping arm suspension, triple braking, and more.
    • comes with lock and phone holder

There’s plenty of ongoing post-holiday price cuts across several e-bike and e-scooter brands right now, which you can browse in full in our Memorial Day EV hub here.

ECOVACS Goat A2500 RTK robot lawn mower

ECOVACS’ new Goat A2500 RTK robot mower returns for the second time to $1,500 low

Amazon is offering a second chance at the lowest price on the new ECOVACS Goat A2500 RTK Robot Lawn Mower for $1,499.99 shipped, as well as discounts on two of its counterparts. This new and advanced autonomous lawn care solution has been going for $2,000 at full price since hitting the market a few months ago, with three discounts having taken things down to $1,700 and $1,800, and one previous drop to this same low back at the top of the month. You’re getting a second chance here today at a 25% markdown that cuts $500 off the tag for the lowest price we have tracked.

One of ECOVACS’ new robot mowers, the Goat A2500 sits as the middle-ground choice with a 32V motor and dual-blade discs that cover mowing duties across 4,305 square feet of land in an hour, working at 2.3 feet per second. The 5Ah battery allows enough juice to tackle up to 5,382 square feet on a single charge, with it automatically returning to its station upon low levels and only taking 45 minutes before it’s ready to go once again.

What’s really great here is the trading of any need for perimeter wires to operate via RTK navigation, which works along with the 3D-ToF LiDAR tech and AIVI 3D AI camera to not only stay the course, but also avoid 200+ common garden obstacles – all with an IPX6 waterproof construction for when it gets caught by sudden weather changes. There’s also an array of remote smart controls through its app, which allows you to adjust performance settings, as well as edit the 3D maps that it uses to complete its duties.

ECOVACS’ other Goat robot mower deals:

lectric xp lite 2.0 e-bike

Lectric’s 49-pound XP Lite 2.0 folding e-bikes with 80-mile range get $404 in free gear starting from $999

While Memorial Day may be over, the savings we’re seeing from Lectric are continuing for an unknown amount of time, with up to $742 in free gear accompanying e-bike purchases – and don’t forget the ongoing preorder bundle deals for the brand’s new XP4 and XP4 750 e-bikes that start from $999. One of the notable increases in savings during this sale is on the Lectric XP Lite 2.0 Long-Range e-bikes for $999 shipped and come with $404 in free gear, as well as the XP Lite 2.0 JW Long-Range model that sits a little higher at $1,099 shipped, coming with the same bundle. These packages would normally run you $1,403 and $1,503 at full price, which is beating out most of the bundle sizes we’ve seen since this same package was offered at the beginning of January. The extra add-ons include a rear cargo rack, fenders, a suspension seat post, an accordion-style folding bike lock, two adjustable rear-view mirrors, and an Elite headlight upgrade.

Coming in as the lightest e-bikes under Lectric’s flag, the XP Lite 2.0 e-bikes weigh in at just 49 pounds, making them more manageable up and down stairs or when putting them in your car for longer-distance transport – plus, the foldable design also contributes to saving space when you’re not riding. The 672Wh battery in each delivers up to 80 miles of travel on a single charge when its five PAS levels are being used, while the 300W rear hub motor (819Wh peak) reaches up to 20 MPH speeds.

As is the case with Lectric’s lineup, you’re getting dependable features that you’d expect to raise the price more, like the hydraulic mineral oil brakes, 20×2.5-inch slick tires with 3mm Hippo Skin liner and pre-slimed tubes for anti-puncture resistance, BMX-style folding handlebars, and a full color LCD screen with a USB-A port to juice up devices as you ride, perfect for those using their phones for GPS.

And for just $100 more you can upgrade to the JW Black variant, which has been given a Gates Carbon Drive belt system for a quieter, smoother, and oil-free riding experience, with it also promising a longer-lasting lifespan over chain-drive models. You can also save a bit more going with the shorter 45-mile range standard models that start from $799 shipped, though there are no bundle packages with free gear on these.

Be sure to check out the full lineup of Lectric’s ongoing Memorial Day Sale here while the massive savings last, with even more ongoing sales past the holiday collected in our Memorial Day EV hub, with many slated to end over the next few days, while others are continuing into June.

EcoFlow DELTA 2 smart extra battery

Add 1,024Wh to your DELTA 2 LiFePO4 power station capacity with this expansion battery at $429 low

Coming at us through its official Amazon storefront, EcoFlow is undercutting its ongoing Memorial Day Sale pricing (ending May 28) on the DELTA 2 Smart Extra Battery for $428.99 shipped. This add-on unit normally fetches $799 at full price directly from the brand, but has been starting from $599 in 2025 at Amazon. Discounts have mostly kept costs above $449, though we did see two previous dips to this low. It’s beating out EcoFlow’s direct sale pricing by $30, giving you $170 in savings off its going Amazon rate ($370 off its MSRP) at the lowest price we have tracked.

This add-on battery from EcoFlow is the perfect addition for folks with an existing DELTA 2 power station who want to get far more backup power support for traveling and at-home needs. The battery sports a 1,024Wh LiFePO4 capacity that can be added to your existing station, giving you 2,048Wh with one or bumping things as high as 3,072Wh when adding two to your setup. Right alongside the station, this battery comes rated for 3,000+ life cycles, giving you over eight years of use if you were planning to discharge and recharge it every single day.

If you were considering starting your backup setup, you can check out EcoFlow’s ongoing Memorial Day deals running through May 28 – which include extra savings (code EF25MEM) that drops the power station and extra battery bundle to $997 from $1,798 – which beats Amazon by $2.

Best Spring EV deals!

Best new Green Deals landing this week

The savings this week are also continuing to a collection of other markdowns. To the same tune as the offers above, these all help you take a more energy-conscious approach to your routine. Winter means you can lock in even better off-season price cuts on electric tools for the lawn while saving on EVs and tons of other gear.

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CATL’s first 100-second swappable EV batteries debut, proving how far ahead China is

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May 27, 2025

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CATL's first 100-second swappable EV batteries debut, proving how far ahead China is

CATL's-swappable-EV-batteries

The first vehicles with CATL’s new ultra-fast swappable EV batteries are now being delivered in China. CATL’s new “Choco-SEB” battery pack can be swapped in 100 seconds, making it just as quick as filling up at a gas station. The new EV features ultra-fast charging and starts at under $24,000 as China widens its lead on the global auto industry.

First EV with CATL’s swappable batteries debuts

CATL’s new swappable batteries could make gas stations obsolete. After revealing the “Choco-SEB” batteries last year, the first vehicles powered by the new technology are now being delivered in China.

On May 25, Changan Automobile announced that it had delivered 1,000 Oshan 520 models, the first electric vehicle (EV) based on CATL’s Choco-SEB swappable batteries. During the event, Changan said the new vehicle has already secured over 15,000 orders from clients.

The Oshan 520 starts at 166,800 yuan in China ($23,100) with a CLTC driving range of up to 515 km (320 miles). It can also gain a full recharge in 100 seconds thanks to CATL’s new tech.

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According to CATL, it has already established 34 Choco-SEB swap stations in Chongqing, Changan’s hometown. By the end of the year, it will have over 50 stations completed in the city.

CATL's-swappable-EV-batteries
CATL's-swappable-EV-batteries

In total, it aims to have 1,000 battery swap stations in 31 cities across China by the end of 2025. Changan and CATL signed an agreement in November 2024 to launch the first models based on the new tech.

After the meeting, officials watched the battery replacement process. Within 100 seconds, the vehicle gains over 310 miles of range (500 km).

CATL-EV-battery-swap-station
CATL Choco-Swap EV battery swap station (Source: CATL)

Several other major automakers, including GAC, Chery, NIO, FAW, and BAIC, are also partnering with CATL to launch vehicles based on its Choco-SEB.

CATL wants to make charging an EV as easy (or even easier) than filling up a gas vehicle. The battery giant released two “grades” last year, one for smaller cars and the other designed for larger A or B-class vehicles.

According to the latest data from SNE Research, CATL maintains a commanding lead in the global EV battery market, holding a 28.8% share through the first two months of 2025, up from 26.9% in the same period last year.

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There’s a hidden number on every e-bike. You should find yours right away

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May 27, 2025

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There’s a number hidden somewhere on basically every electric bicycle – or pedal bicycle – including the one in your garage. If you haven’t found it yet, you should do it today. Here’s why.

That number is the frame number, and for all intents and purposes, it’s basically like a VIN but for a bike. The VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) on your car is the number that gives it an identity and helps track it down if it’s ever stolen.

The same goes for your bike’s frame number. This innocuous string of characters, often stamped inconspicuously beneath your bike’s bottom bracket or on the head tube, isn’t just there to fill space – it can be the key to protecting your bike from theft or recovering it if the unthinkable happens.

Why is the frame number so important? Simply put, it’s your bike’s fingerprint, a unique identifier that distinguishes your ride from every other two-wheeler out there. In a scenario where your e-bike goes missing, having this number documented can drastically improve the odds of it being returned by law enforcement.

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Rad Power Bikes recently shared some great tips on the importance of knowing your frame number and where to find it. As you can see in the images below, the number is usually stamped into the frame on the bottom of the head tube (the front of the bike), or under the bottom bracket (the underside of the bike where the pedals are connected).

But knowing your frame number is only half the battle. The next critical step is registering that number with a bike registry. Fortunately, several trustworthy services offer free registration, creating a central database accessible by law enforcement, bike shops, and fellow cyclists who might stumble upon your stolen steed.

Bike Index (bikeindex.org) is one of the most popular platforms, boasting thousands of successful recoveries and a simple, intuitive registration process. And the best part is that it’s free! Another solid option is Project 529 (project529.com), widely used in North America and highly praised by police departments for its effectiveness in tracking stolen bikes. Again, it’s free to use!

Additionally, some local municipalities offer their own registries, such as the National Bike Registry (nationalbikeregistry.com), which collaborates directly with law enforcement to streamline the reporting and recovery process.

These types of services offer a form of passive protection, where you can mark your bike as stolen in their registries and then hope that someone finds it. In the event that someone does find your bike (such as in a shady Craigslist sale, etc.) and decides to check the frame number against the databases, they’ll see it’s stolen. If the police raid a bike theft ring and find a cache of stolen bikes, they may run all their frame numbers and find that yours is in the mix.

If you want protection that is a bit more active, there are full-on insurance options (though your renters or homeowner’s insurance may cover your e-bike), or theft protection services like Tempo that aren’t technically insurance, but operate somewhat similarly by offering a combination of holographic tracking number stickers for the bike combined with up to $2,500 in coverage for a replacement bike, if they can’t recover your stolen bike. I had the chance to sit down with Tempo’s founder Michael Keating at Micromobility America late last year, and you can see more about what I learned from him here.

This is probably a good time for a reminder to us all that a good lock is usually the only thing standing between our precious e-bike and those who want to take it from us.

I’ve reviewed a ton of locks, but some of my favorites include the Foldylock Compact for its high security, smaller size, and ease of locking to various sizes/shapes of bike racks, or the Foldylock Forever which is the big brother of the Compact and is nearly as impenetrable as it gets for a bike lock, as confirmed by the top bike lock testing agencies in the world.

For those who prefer a U-lock instead of a folding lock, my go-to lock is the Mason 220. Again, it is one of the top-rated locks, but it’s also wide enough to fit around the battery-fattened downtube of my e-bikes. That’s rare in the world of U-locks, and so the fact that it carries so many high-level awards and certifications is icing on the cake.

But no matter how good your lock is, there’s always a chance that your e-bike can be separated from you. And so the long and the short of it is that every e-bike has a unique identifier on it, and finding that frame number is your best chance of getting your bike back if it is ever stolen.

So take a minute today and locate your frame number to write it down or take a picture of it. Better yet, take a selfie with it and yourself. If you ever need to quickly prove that it’s your bike to a police officer on the sidewalk (such as if you followed an AirTag right to the bike), that’s a great way to do it.

I’ve had my e-bike stolen more than once, and the only way to curb that sinking feeling is to get it back. Taking a few minutes now to locate your frame number and register your e-bike can save you countless headaches later. After all, an ounce of prevention is worth several thousand dollars worth of cure when it comes to stolen bikes. So flip that bike upside down, jot down your frame number, and give yourself some peace of mind.

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