Fossil evidence of a massive horned dinosaur has been rediscovered through previously unseen photographs of remains destroyed during World War II. The dinosaur, named Tameryraptor markgrafi, lived approximately 95 million years ago in what is now Egypt. Spanning an estimated length of 33 feet, the species is considered one of the largest known terrestrial predators. The fossils were initially unearthed in 1914 in Egypt’s Bahariya Oasis and housed in Germany before being lost in a wartime bombing.

Revelation Through Archived Images

According to the study published in PLOS One, the fossils had been mistakenly classified as belonging to the Carcharodontosaurus group. Newly discovered photographs, stored in the Huene Archive at the University of Tübingen, revealed features such as a prominent horn and an enlarged braincase, differentiating the specimen from others in the group. Maximilian Kellermann, a doctoral student at the Bavarian State Collection for Paleontology and Geology, noted the significant distinctions upon reviewing the photographs. Speaking to Live Science, he expressed initial confusion, followed by excitement as the differences became apparent.

Historical Context and Classification Changes

The fossils were originally categorised by German paleontologist Ernst Stromer, who associated them with specimens from Algeria. Over time, additional Carcharodontosaurus fossils were discovered, with a skull from Morocco becoming the representative specimen for the group. However, comparisons of Stromer’s documentation and illustrations with the archived photographs revealed substantial variances, prompting the classification of a new genus and species.

Implications for Dinosaur Diversity

Researchers believe this finding highlights a richer diversity of dinosaur life in North Africa than previously understood. Kellermann suggested further exploration of Stromer’s archives could provide new insights into other species from the region, such as Deltadromeus and Spinosaurus, which may also require reclassification. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting historical data to refine knowledge of prehistoric ecosystems.

A discovery has been made in the ancient city of Pompeii, buried under layers of volcanic debris for two millennia. Archaeologists have uncovered a luxurious private bathhouse, believed to be one of the largest ever found in the region. The complex features distinct hot, warm, and cold rooms, intricate frescoes, a vast plunge pool, and marble-inlaid mosaics, reflecting the opulence enjoyed by its wealthy owners. This find is part of a broader excavation effort that has been ongoing for two years.

Unique Bathing Spaces Highlight Roman Lifestyle

According to the Archaeological Park of Pompeii, led by Dr Gabriel Zuchtriegel, the bathhouse is situated within a grand residence. The layout includes vibrant red walls in the changing room, a heated hot room with an underfloor heating system, and a cold room featuring a large plunge pool. Dr Zuchtriegel, in a statement to the BBC, mentioned that private bathhouses were exclusive to the elite, underlining the residence’s significance.

Unveiling Lives Through Skeletons and Artefacts

Within the residence, the remains of two individuals were found, revealing the horrors of Mount Vesuvius’ eruption in AD79. As stated by Dr Ludovica Alesse, the remains of a woman clutching coins and jewellery and a young man holding keys suggest an attempt to survive the pyroclastic flow. The detailed analysis of their skeletons points to differences in social status, providing insight into Roman societal structures.

Contrasting Wealth and Labour

The excavation also revealed a boiler room adjacent to the bathhouse, showcasing the stark contrast between the luxurious spaces and the harsh conditions endured by slaves who maintained them. Dr Sophie Hay, an archaeologist, noted that the operational systems, including valves and piping, display advanced engineering for their time.

With the excavation nearing completion, public access to the site is expected in the future, offering a closer look at this once-hidden slice of Roman life.