Southport attacker Axel Rudakubana was referred to the government’s anti-extremism Prevent scheme three times before the murders.
Rudakubana, 18, pleaded guilty to the murders of Alice da Silva Aguiar, nine, Bebe King, six, and Elsie Dot Stancombe, seven, at Liverpool Crown Court on what was due to be the first day of his trial on Monday.
He also admitted 10 counts of attempted murder and possession of a kitchen knife over the mass stabbing as well as charges of producing ricin and possessing an al Qaeda training manual found in searches of his home in Banks, Lancashire, in the following days.
Eight other children, aged between seven and 13, along with yoga instructor Leanne Lucas and businessman John Hayes were injured in the attack at the Hart Space in the Merseyside town on 29 July.
It has now emerged he was referred to Prevent three times amid concerns over his fixation with violence.
Anyone referred to the scheme is assessed and if deemed a terrorism risk referred to another programme, Channel, although many referrals don’t result in any further police action.
Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer said there were “grave questions to answer as to how the state failed in its ultimate duty to protect these young girls”.
Image: Elsie Dot Stancombe, Alice da Silva Aguiar and Bebe King.
Pic: Merseyside Police
Just a week before the attack, Rudakubana, then 17, booked a taxi to take him to Range High School in Formby, but his father stopped him from leaving, it is understood.
The teenager, who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, was expelled from the school in around 2019 over claims he was carrying a knife after telling Childline he was being racially bullied and brought the knife to protect himself.
It is understood that, after his exclusion, he returned to the school to target a former bully or someone he had a grievance with and assaulted someone with a hockey stick.
Rudakubana then attended two specialist schools, where teachers were concerned about his behaviour.
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10:55
Man ‘locked eyes’ with knifeman
Not guilty pleas had previously been entered on Rudakubana’s behalf to all 16 charges after he stayed silent at previous hearings.
He refused to stand or confirm his identity as he changed his pleas to guilty, while none of his victims’ family members were in court, as prosecutors were expected to open their case on Tuesday.
Wearing a grey tracksuit and surgical face mask, he showed no emotion as he was taken down to the cells, surrounded by four dock officers and an intermediary.
The judge, Mr Justice Goose said he would sentence the teenager on Thursday, telling him: “You will understand it is inevitable the sentence to be imposed upon you will mean a life sentence.”
But he is not expected to be handed a whole life order, a sentence meaning he would never be released, because of his age at the time.
Judges can only impose the term on criminals who were aged 21 and over at the time of the offence, but it can be considered for those aged 18 to 20 in exceptional circumstances.
Image: A prison van believed to contain Axel Rudakubana arrives at Liverpool Crown Court. Pic: PA
The Southport attack, which has not been declared terror-related, sparked a wave of violence across the country as riots broke out after posts spread online that claimed the suspect was a 17-year-old asylum seeker, who had come to the country by boat.
After the guilty plea today, Deputy Chief Crown Prosecutor Ursula Doyle said: “This was an unspeakable attack, one that has left an enduring mark on our community and the nation for its savagery and its senselessness.
“At the start of the school holidays, a day which should’ve been one of carefree innocence, of children enjoying a dance workshop and making friendship bracelets, became a scene of the darkest horror as Axel Rudakubana carried out his meticulously planned rampage.
“It is clear that this was a young man with a sickening and sustained interest in death and violence. He has shown no sign of remorse.”
Rudakubana was born in Cardiff to Rwandan parents, where neighbours of the family described a “lovely couple” with a hardworking father and stay-at-home mother to “two boisterous boys”.
In 2013, they moved to the village of Banks, just a few miles outside of Southport, where his father, Alphonse Rudakubana, trained with local martial arts clubs.
A profile of Mr Rudakubana, printed in local newspaper the Southport Visiter in 2015, said he was originally from Rwanda, a country that suffered a deadly genocide in the early 1990s, and moved to the UK in 2002.
When he was 11 years old, Rudakubana appeared dressed as Doctor Who in a television advert for BBC Children In Need, after being recruited through a casting agency, it is understood.
Image: Pic: BBC Children in Need
The now-deleted clip shows him leaving the Tardis wearing a trench coat and tie to look like the show’s former star David Tennant and offering advice on how best to raise money.
At his first appearance at Liverpool Crown Court, Deanna Heer KC, prosecuting, said it was understood Rudakubana had been unwilling to leave the house and communicate with his family for a period of time before the attack.
“He was seen by the psychiatrists at the police station but refused to engage with them,” she said.
The court was told he had no obvious evidence of mental health disorder which required hospital treatment and his mother, father and older brother were said to have been co-operating with police and had provided witness statements.
The Appeal Court judge who ruled in favour of Home Secretary Yvette Cooper in the Epping migrant hotel case is a long-standing Labour supporter.
Lord Justice David Bean, 71, is a former treasurer of the Society of Labour Lawyers and chaired the left-leaning Fabian Society, which is affiliated to the Labour Party, in 1989 and 1990.
He was also – with Sir Tony Blair’s barrister wife Cherie – a founder member in 2000 of the left-wing Matrix Chambers, whose members include the current attorney general, Lord Hermer.
Image: The Bell Hotel in Epping, Essex, is at the centre of a legal battle. Pic: PA
On its website, the Society of Labour Lawyers describes itself as “a thinktank and affiliated socialist society which provides legal and policy advice to the Labour Party”.
Founded in 1948 by a future Labour lord chancellor Gerald Gardiner, it declares: “Our objectives are to contribute legal expertise to the Labour Party and uphold the principles of justice, liberty, equality, and the rule of law in the UK and around the world.
“We advise Labour MPs and the House of Lords; develop and scrutinise policy and legislation; contribute to debate within the Labour movement by hosting events and discussions; and mentor future members of the legal profession.
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“We are open to Labour Party members who are also practising or retired lawyers, law students or graduates, academics, and members of the judiciary.”
The Fabian Society describes itself as “a democratically governed socialist society, a Labour affiliate and one of the party’s original founders”.
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5:00
Inside the asylum hotel protests
Sir Stephen Eyre, the High Court judge who ruled in favour of Epping Forest Council earlier this month, was a Conservative parliamentary candidate four times.
His most high-profile bid to become an MP came in the 2004 Birmingham Hodge Hill by-election, won by current Labour MP and former minister Liam Byrne.
Image: Sir Stephen Eyre. Pic: Judicial Appointments Commission/Ministry of Justice
Appointed a High Court judge by then Lord Chancellor Dominic Raab in 2021, Sir Stephen was a Tory candidate while working as a barrister.
His first attempt came in 1987, when he stood in Hodge Hill in that year’s general election, coming second behind Labour’s Terry Davis.
Then in 1992, the year of Sir John Major’s 21-seat election victory, he stood for the Northern Ireland Conservatives in the unionist stronghold of Strangford.
Mr Eyre, as he then was, came fourth behind the official Unionists’ John Taylor, with current Democratic Unionist MP for Antrim East Sammy Wilson in second place.
In 2001, he stood in Stourbridge, where he again came second, this time to Labour’s Debra Shipley, when he cut her majority from nearly 6,000 to under 4,000.
And in the 2004 by-election, he came a distant third as Mr Byrne scraped in by just 460 votes ahead of the Liberal Democrats, who benefited from an Iraq war backlash.
“It’s an invasion,” Dinah Bentley tells me, standing next to a cardboard cut-out of Nigel Farage.
The 78-year-old retired teacher says she “doesn’t laud” the Reform MP, whose grinning likeness is a permanent fixture in her West Yorkshire conservatory, but he “says what I believe”.
“Everybody talks about migration, but our country’s ruined,” Dinah adds. “They’ve ruined it.”
The “they” in her mind? People who have crossed into the UK on small boats.
We have seen asylum hotel protests intensify over the summer and wanted to speak to the people who’ve joined them.
Over the coming weeks, we’ll speak with counter-protesters too, but today, we meet Dinah, a grandmother of two who has joined those calling on asylum hotels to close.
Image: Dinah says she fears for her granddaughters’ safety
She was, like many of the protesters we met, initially sceptical to speak to a journalist.
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Dinah says she “doesn’t watch mainstream news” because of “media lies” over Brexit.
Instead, she says she gets her news from social media.
It was on social media that Dinah learnt about a protest being organised outside a hotel in Wakefield, which has housed asylum seekers for several years.
It was the first migration-related protest she had ever attended.
“We’ve put up with so much for so long and I think ordinary people now, they’ve decided it’s no good sitting, doing nothing,” Dinah says.
After reading about a male asylum seeker being charged with a sexual assault in Epping, she says she is “fearful” for her granddaughters’ safety.
“They’re undocumented,” she says, referring to those who have arrived in the UK on small boats.
“We know nothing about them. We don’t know where they are wandering the streets. It’s not right, is it?”
She’s also angry about the cost of housing asylum seekers in hotels.
Image: Dinah says Nigel Farage ‘says what I believe’
I ask Dinah what she thinks about the government plan to close asylum hotels, stop illegal crossings and deport people who do not have a legal right to remain.
“It’s all talk, all talk”, she says. “I don’t believe them.”
“I would be happy if the Navy went into the Channel, we’re an island for God’s sake, and stopped the boats.
“That would make me over the moon.”
Dinah tells us people used to be “afraid” of saying what they really thought about migration.
No more, she says.
The ‘migrant watch’ group
On the other side of Wakefield, we meet 47-year-old James Crashley.
He’s also been to the local asylum hotel protests.
An army veteran and former policeman, James says he does not think asylum seekers should be housed in hotels or houses of multiple occupancy.
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1:48
Where are UK’s asylum seekers from?
Image: James has been trying to set up a ‘community watch’
“I’ve served in Kosovo and in Iraq, within the British Army,” he says. “And if I can be housed in a tent for six months, then they can too.”
The prime minister has pledged to end the “costly use of hotels to house asylum seekers in this parliament” – which would be 2029, if not earlier.
James has, by his own admission, become somewhat notorious in his local area for trying to set up what he’s called a “community watch”.
He says the police are “very good at dealing with serious crime” but believes “they seem to forget that day-to-day crime exists”.
Image: James stresses the group ‘isn’t vigilantism’
Called “5 Town Migrant Watch” and advertised by him on social media, James says the volunteer group will support the Wakefield hotel protests and act as a “gentle presence” in public areas to tackle “all anti-social behaviour”.
But it will focus on “illegal migrant men” who James describes as having “conflicting traditions and cultures”.
“They come from cultures that aren’t as civilised as ours,” he says. “They don’t seem to adhere to our laws.
“And because of the cultural differences, as in the sexual assaults on children and women, they believe that’s fine in their cultures. Well, it’s not here.”
I say to James that no culture accepts sexual assaults on women and children are “fine”, a point he says he “accepts”.
But he claims that, by definition, people have already “broken the law” when they arrive on small boats in the first place.
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James’ group has attracted hundreds of supporters online, but also criticism from people who believe the group – and James himself – is not only divisive but dangerous.
James admits he has previously had a police caution for a public order offence, not related to the community watch, but stresses this group “isn’t vigilantism”.
“It’s a peaceful movement,” he says. “But if needs be, we’ll stand our ground and will prevent crime. We’re not allowed to commit crime.”
‘People are angry’
A few days later, we meet Dinah again outside the Cedar Court Hotel in Wakefield.
Protesters line the road, waving Union and St George’s flags. Some are shouting “send them back” and “stop the boats”.
Image: The protesters and counter-protesters
Groups of counter-protesters are there too, chanting “Nazi scum” over the police barricade.
I ask Dinah how that feels.
“I think it’s hilarious,” she says. “I know what I am, I don’t value their opinion, so I couldn’t care less what they call me.”
But standing next to Dinah, also waving a Union flag, is Sharon.
She says she’s “a little bit frightened being here” and feels it’s unfair to be put in that position just “to try and get the government to listen to you”.
She added: “I’m a 60-year-old mum. I work 40 hours a week. And nobody gives me anything free. You just want fairness.”
Image: Sharon says she wants ‘fairness’
In the crowd, we find James.
I ask him what he thinks about the government plan to appeal a court ruling to shut the asylum hotel in Epping.
“Of course they were going to try and block it,” he tells me.
Image: Dinah says she ‘doesn’t value’ the opinion of counter-protesters
“The smiles here and the good attitude and the positivity is masking the anger of what’s happened to the English.
“People are angry. People know that once they’re out of here,” he says, gesturing at the hotel behind us, “they’re going to be put in the community”.
“What happens then, who knows?”
Dinah and James are among thousands of protesters who share a sense of being ignored by the government – leaving an overwhelming sense of pressure and uncertainty about what will happen next.
Foreign Secretary David Lammy confirmed the government had summoned Andrey Kelin in response.
Mr Kelin was seen arriving at the Foreign Office building in Whitehall today.
Image: Russian ambassador to the UK Andrey Kelin arrives at the Foreign Office building in Whitehall
Mr Lammy posted on X: “Putin’s strikes last night killed civilians, destroyed homes and damaged buildings, including the British Council and EU Delegation in Kyiv.
“We have summoned the Russian Ambassador. The killing and destruction must stop.”
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The British Council’s chief executive, Scott McDonald, said their guard for the building was injured but “stable”.
“At the insistence of my amazing colleagues, we will continue operations in Ukraine today wherever possible,” he said.
“Their resilience is awe-inspiring, and I am deeply thankful they are all safe.”
Earlier, Sir Keir Starmer said: “My thoughts are with all those affected by the senseless Russian strikes on Kyiv, which have damaged the British Council building.
“Putin is killing children and civilians, and sabotaging hopes of peace. This bloodshed must end.”
The British Council is an arms-length body from the government, and says its mission is to “support peace and prosperity by building connections, understanding and trust between people in the UK and countries worldwide”.
It facilitates schemes like working, living and learning abroad for British people.
Most of its funding comes from the fees it charges people for its services, but it does also get funding from the Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO).
As well as the attack on the British Council building, Russia also targeted the EU delegation building in the Ukrainian capital overnight.
Ursula von der Leyen, the president of the European Commission, told reporters two missiles hit within 50 metres of the site in 20 seconds.
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2:17
Devastation in Kyiv after deadly Russian attack
And Kaja Kallas, the EU’s foreign policy chief, said the bloc was also summoning Russia’s ambassador following the strike.
“No diplomatic mission should ever be a target,” she said.
The attacks came as part of wider strikes on Kyiv, which destroyed homes and buildings and killed at least 15 people and injured 38, according to Ukrainian officials.
Russia has said it targeted military sites and air bases in its large overnight strike on Ukraine – and that it is still interested in negotiations to meet its aims.
“The special military operation continues,” he said, referring to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which it launched in February 2022.
“You see that strikes on Russian infrastructure facilities are also continuing, and often Russian civilian infrastructure is targeted by the Kyiv regime.”
He added: “At the same time, Russia will maintain its interest in continuing the negotiation process in order to achieve the goals we face through political and diplomatic means.”
Russia’s latest attack on Ukraine has been widely condemned, with Germany’s foreign minister Johann Wadephul saying there must be “consequences”.
“Last night we once again experienced in a terrible way how Russia attacked and bombed Kyiv, civilians died, children died, and the European Union delegation was also attacked,” he told reporters.
Mr Wadephul added that Germany wanted to show it was considering a further response and that any action would be taken jointly by the EU.
A Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office Spokesperson said: “The UK condemns in the strongest terms these outrageous attacks on Ukrainians and the damage done to the British Council and EU Delegation.
“Russia’s increasing attacks on Ukrainian civilians and cities, including Kyiv, are an escalation of the war and deeply irresponsible and are further sabotaging international peace efforts.
“We have made clear to the Russians that such actions will only harden UK and Western resolve to support Ukraine and bring an end to this unjustified war.
“Russia must stop this senseless killing and destruction immediately.”