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China has retaliated after the US imposed 10% tariffs on its goods.

Not long after the US taxes began at 5am British time, China said it was imposing 10% tariffs on American crude oil, agricultural machinery, large-displacement cars and pickup trucks.

There will also be 15% tariffs on coal and liquefied natural gas, as well as an investigation into Google.

China also said it is imposing export controls on rare earth metals such as tungsten, tellurium, ruthenium, molybdenum and ruthenium-related items – the country controls much of the world’s supply of such metals, which are critical for the transition to clean energy.

They will not come into effect until Monday 10 February, however.

President Trump said his actions were in response to what he described as Beijing’s failure to stop the flow of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, into the US.

Mr Trump added that the tariffs on China could just be the start, though the White House said he was due to talk to President Xi Jinping.

“China hopefully is going to stop sending us fentanyl, and if they’re not, the tariffs are going to go substantially higher,” Mr Trump said.

China has described fentanyl as America’s problem and said it would challenge the tariffs at the World Trade Organisation, as well as taking other countermeasures.

But it also left the door open for talks.

The issue of fentanyl is only one part of Mr Trump’s issue with China. He has long railed against the trade imbalance between the first and second-largest economies in the world.

Tariffs paused

Earlier, the imposition of 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada was paused after agreements were reached on border security.

Mexico was first to make a deal with the White House. Its president, Claudia Sheinbaum, said she was sending 10,000 National Guard troops to the US border immediately in return for a tariff delay.

Mr Trump said the Mexican soldiers would be “specifically designated” to stop the flow of fentanyl into the US, as well as illegal migrants. Further negotiations will now be carried out, he added.

Ms Sheinbaum said she had a “good conversation” with him lasting at least 30 minutes just hours before the tariffs were due to begin.

She also extracted a concession from Mr Trump – after explaining the “seriousness” of high-powered weapons coming over the border from the US and getting into the hands of criminal groups.

“It gives them firepower,” she said. “We asked that the US also help our country by helping stop this arms trafficking… he agreed.”

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Canada made similar moves. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said almost 10,000 frontline personnel “are and will be working on protecting the border”.

He added on X that his country was appointing a “fentanyl czar”, drug cartels would be listed as terrorists, and there would be “24/7 eyes on the border”.

There will also be a Canada-US joint strike force to “combat organised crime, fentanyl and money laundering”, Mr Trudeau announced.

Both Mr Trudeau and Mr Trump will view the deal as a win – Mr Trump for seemingly forcing the US’s northern neighbour to act, and Mr Trudeau for heading off sanctions with measures that for the most part (with the exception of the fentanyl czar) had already been announced in December.

Mr Trump said he was “very pleased with this initial outcome” and work will begin to see how a “Final Economic Deal” with Canada can be structured.

Tariffs are designed to show China’s mettle

Nicole Johnston

Asia correspondent

@nicole_reporter

China has made it clear it’s not taking Donald Trump’s 10% tariff lying down.

Despite the country still being on its New Year’s spring break, China has announced retaliatory measures.

Its tariffs of 10-15% hit exports of US coal, liquified natural gas (LNG), agricultural machinery and pick-up trucks to China.

However, these tariffs would not take effect until 10 February, giving Mr Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping time to possibly hammer out a deal.

Canada and Mexico have been given a 30-day reprieve from the threatened 25% US tariffs.

China may be hoping it can also avert the start of a trade war by engaging in direct talks.

It’s believed Mr Trump and Mr Xi will speak on the phone in the coming days.

Chinese countermeasures extend beyond just tariffs though.

They have also restricted a handful of critical minerals like tungsten, launched an antitrust investigation into Google and sanctioned two US companies.

The Chinese government is strengthening its language against the US and its tariffs.

It is still open to negotiation in the spirit of the phase one US-China trade deal during Mr Trump’s first term, but it has a domestic audience to consider.

Beijing insists it is a peer competitor to the US and its rival on the world stage. These tariffs are designed to show China’s mettle.

What is the UK situation on tariffs?

President Trump hates trade deficits, and does not want to import more goods from another country than are sent there in return, says Sky’s economics and data editor, Ed Conway.

But Britain has bigger trade deficits than the US, Conway adds, and is one of the few countries in the world to import more goods from America than America imports from it.

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In addition, because the UK is no longer part of the European Union, any tariffs imposed on Brussels will not affect London.

When asked about the UK, Mr Trump said: “I think that one can be worked out.”

Sir Keir Starmer said it was “early days”.

Analysis: Has it all just been theatre?

First Mexico, now Canada. In another whirlwind day, both of America’s closest neighbours appear to have capitulated to President Trump.
The 25% tariffs on all goods from both countries were due to come into effect at midnight US Eastern time. But after calls between all three leaders, suddenly the tariffs were paused.

So what’s going on? Is this a clear signal of the power Trump wields? His blunt tool of using the threat of tariffs as a negotiating tool has paid off? Bullying tactics work? Well, maybe. At least that’s how Mr Trump wants everyone to think. Dance to my tune, or else.

And it’s absolutely the case that Mexico and Canada were in panic mode this weekend. But surely Donald Trump was panicking a little too when he saw the stock markets on Monday. He claimed this afternoon not to be taking any notice of their sharp falls. But we know he cares deeply about market reactions.

Here’s what’s interesting: the statement from Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau sounded at first glance like it was announcing something new.
“Canada is implementing our $1.3bn border plan… nearly 10,000 frontline personnel are and will be working on protecting the border…”

But it’s not a new announcement. Look at the language – “are and will be”. In other words, “we’re doing this already Mr President, but if you want me to reiterate it to placate you, then I will…” All that Justin Trudeau has done today is reiterate a border plan he announced last December.

Mexico too has been doing an increasing amount in the fight against fentanyl though it could and probably now will do more.

So has it all been theatre this past 24 hours?

A show of brinkmanship from Donald Trump, which could have had a cliff-edge ending, but instead ended with him looking strong (and freaking out much of the developed world in the process) and his closest neighbours forced to reiterate their existing plans.

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L&G to kick off hunt for successor to Kingman

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L&G to kick off hunt for successor to Kingman

Legal & General (L&G), the FTSE-100 insurance and asset management group, is preparing to kick off a search for a successor to chairman Sir John Kingman.

Sky News has learnt that the company, which this week announced a major corporate deal in the US, is close to appointing headhunters to oversee the appointment process.

City sources said this weekend that Sir John was likely to step down from the L&G board and retire as chairman at its annual meeting next year.

That timetable will give the company, which will mark its bicentenary in just over a decade, about 15 months to identify and appoint its next chair.

It was unclear on Saturday whether any of L&G’s existing non-executive directors would be in contention for the role.

Sir John has become one of the City’s most prominent figures over the last decade, having been a surprise appointment in 2016 to replace interim chair Rudy Markham.

Since then, he has become chairman of Barclays’ UK ring-fenced bank subsidiary, which replaced an earlier role he held as chairman of Tesco Bank.

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He also presided over a landmark review of audit regulation in the UK in the aftermath of accounting scandals at companies such as BHS and Carillion.

Prior to his career in business, Sir John was a long-serving Whitehall mandarin, playing a leading role to Britain’s response to the 2008 financial crisis.

Following the bailouts of Lloyds Banking Group and Royal Bank of Scotland – now NatWest Group – he was named the first chief executive of UK Financial Investments, the agency set up to manage the taxpayer’s bank stakes.

While in that role, he oversaw the effective defenestration of Sir Victor Blank as Lloyds’ chair – a move which stunned the City.

Following that, he moved to Rothschild as an investment banker.

For most of Sir John’s tenure as L&G chair, the company was run by Sir Nigel Wilson, who oversaw a big push by the company into financing urban regeneration projects across the UK, and expanding its pension risk transfer business.

Sir Nigel’s successor, the former HSBC and Santander executive Antonio Simoes, has announced a number of efforts to slim down the group’s operations.

He sold Cala Homes last year for £1.4bn, and on Friday announced the sale of L&G’s US insurance business to its partner, Japan’s Meiji Yasuda, for $2.3bn.

As part of the deal, Meiji Yasuda will also acquire a 5% stake in the FTSE-100 group.

L&G said it would expand its share buyback programme by £1bn once the deal closes.

L&G said in December when it announced a series of board changes that Henrietta Baldock, who was named senior independent director-designate, would “lead the Board succession process for the Chair”.

It has not made a public announcement about the timing of the recruitment process to replace Sir John.

On Friday, shares in L&G closed about 1.2% higher at 241.7p, giving the company a market capitalisation of £14.24bn.

An L&G spokesperson declined to comment further.

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Billions for ‘unproven’ carbon capture technology will have ‘very significant’ impact on energy bills, MPs warn

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Billions for 'unproven' carbon capture technology will have 'very significant' impact on energy bills, MPs warn

The government is spending £22bn on “unproven” technologies which will have a “very significant effect” on energy bills, according to an influential committee of MPs.

There has been no assessment of whether the programme to capture and store carbon from the atmosphere is affordable for billpayers, said a report from the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) of MPs.

The financial impact on households of funding the project has not been examined by government at all, the PAC said.

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Even if the state’s investment pays off, the technology is successful and makes money, there is no way for profits to be shared to bring down bills, it added.

Private sector investors, however, would recoup investment, according to committee chair Sir Geoffrey Clifton-Brown.

“All early progress will be underwritten by taxpayers, who currently do not stand to benefit if these projects are successful,” he said. “Any private sector funding for such a project would expect to see significant returns when it becomes a success.”

That’s despite the vast majority (two-thirds) of the £21.7bn investment coming from levies on consumers “who are already facing some of the highest energy bills in the world”, it said.

But there is no evidence to say the programme will be successful despite the government “gambling” its legally mandated net zero targets on the tech, committee chair Sir Geoffrey added.

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PM to invest £22bn in carbon capture

There are no examples of carbon capture, usage and storage (CCUS) operating at scale in the UK, according to the PAC report.

As part of its work, the PAC heard the technology may not capture as much carbon as expected.

International examples show the government’s expectations for its performance are “far from guaranteed”, it heard as part of its inquiry.

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A threat to net zero

This lack of proof of the technology working is a threat to the UK reaching its net zero 2050 emissions targets.

Last year the government downgraded the amount of carbon it expects to store each year as the goals were seen as “no longer achievable”, but no new targets have been announced, creating a shortfall in the path to net zero.

It is now “unclear” how the government will reach its goal, the PAC report said.

“Our committee was left unconvinced that CCUS is the silver bullet government is apparently betting on”, Sir Geoffrey said.

The £22bn investment was due to be made over 25 years and into five CCUS projects.

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Interest rate cut – but economic growth forecast slashed in blow to chancellor

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Interest rate cut - but economic growth forecast slashed in blow to chancellor

The Bank of England has cut interest rates by another quarter percentage point, bringing down the cost of borrowing to 4.5%.

And in a sign that households can expect more cuts in the months to come, two members of the Bank‘s Monetary Policy Committee said they would have preferred to reduce rates even more, by a full half percentage point.

Follow live reaction to interest rate cut in the Money blog

However, the Bank slashed its forecast for economic growth, forecasting that the economy will skirt clear of a formal recession only by the narrowest margin in the coming months, and downgraded its estimate of the economy’s ability to generate income. And in a further blow to the chancellor, it said her latest growth plans, unveiled in a speech last week, will add nothing to gross domestic product growth in its forecast horizon.

The Bank’s governor, Andrew Bailey, said: “It will be welcome news that we have been able to cut interest rates again today. We’ll be monitoring the UK economy and global developments very closely and taking a gradual and careful approach to reducing rates further.

“Low and stable inflation is the foundation of a healthy economy and it’s the Bank of England’s job to ensure that.”

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UK interest rate cut to 4.5%

The Bank’s forecasts seem to indicate that there will be at least two further rate cuts in the coming years and that that will be enough to bring inflation down towards its 2% target. However, investors are betting on more cuts.

The Monetary Policy Report and Bank forecasts released alongside the decision today signal that the economy is due to have another few years of weakness. They cut the forecast for economic growth this year, next year and the following year, as well as raising the inflation forecast. The Bank also said that the economy’s potential growth rate had dropped, down from 1.5% this time last year to 0.75% at the moment.

It said that while it expected last October’s budget to boost economic growth by 0.75%, thanks largely to greater public investment, it also expected the National Insurance rise to weigh down on activity, in particular by pulling down employment.

Analysis: Where do interest rates go from here?

It also warned that the tariffs threatened by Donald Trump on various economies posed a risk for economic growth in the coming years, though it has yet to incorporate them into its models.

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