Connect with us

Published

1 month ago

on

Scientists have identified a potential link between genetic mutations and epigenetic clocks, shedding new light on the mechanisms behind biological aging. This discovery could reshape how aging is understood and measured. The study explores how DNA mutations accumulating over time may directly influence epigenetic changes, which are often used to estimate biological age. Researchers have examined these connections in detail, aiming to determine whether these processes drive aging or merely reflect it. The findings suggest that a deeper relationship exists between these genetic alterations, which could have significant implications for longevity research.

Genetic and Epigenetic Changes in Aging

According to a study published in Nature Aging on January 13, a correlation has been observed between random genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications that contribute to biological aging. DNA mutations, which arise from cell replication errors, environmental factors, and the gradual decline of repair mechanisms, have long been associated with age-related diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. However, these mutations alone do not fully explain aging.

Epigenetic changes, which regulate gene activity without altering the DNA sequence, have been widely studied using “epigenetic clocks.” These clocks track specific DNA markers to estimate biological age. The study suggests that mutations influence these markers, and in turn, epigenetic modifications may affect mutation patterns. This bidirectional relationship has raised new questions about whether epigenetic changes are merely symptoms of aging or active participants in the process.

Scientific Perspectives on the Findings

Dr. Steven Cummings, Executive Director of the San Francisco Coordinating Center at the University of California, San Francisco, stated to Live Science, that a strong correlation between DNA mutations and epigenetic markers was identified. According to him, the study indicates that mutations at specific DNA sites result in distinct epigenetic changes, leading to cascading effects across the genome.
Professor Trey Ideker from the University of California, San Diego, added that a significant loss of DNA methylation was observed at mutated sites, while surrounding areas exhibited increased methylation. This ripple effect extended thousands of base pairs beyond the original mutation, though the precise mechanism remains unclear. He emphasized the need for further research to determine whether mutations trigger epigenetic shifts or vice versa.

Implications for Aging Research

The study’s findings suggest that genetic and epigenetic changes might be influenced by an underlying process that remains unidentified. Dr. Cummings proposed that DNA mutations could be the primary drivers of aging, while epigenetic changes may reflect this process rather than cause it. If confirmed, this would present a significant challenge for anti-aging research, as reversing mutations is considerably more complex than modifying epigenetic markers.

Experts have pointed out that additional studies are required to validate these conclusions, particularly in non-cancerous tissues. The data used in the study were primarily derived from cancer patients, making it necessary to examine whether the same patterns exist in healthy individuals. Longitudinal studies tracking genetic and epigenetic changes over time could provide a clearer picture of their relationship to aging.

Further investigations may include laboratory experiments where specific mutations are induced in cells to observe subsequent epigenetic modifications. These insights could help refine the use of epigenetic clocks and lead to a more comprehensive understanding of aging at the molecular level.

Related Topics:
Continue Reading

Science

New Research Suggests Dark Energy Is Evolving, Challenging Cosmology Models

Published

15 hours ago

on

March 26, 2025

By

New Research Suggests Dark Energy Is Evolving, Challenging Cosmology Models

New research suggests that dark energy, the unknown force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe, may not be behaving as previously believed. Observations from a large-scale 3D map indicate that this force could be evolving over time, contradicting long-standing models of cosmology. The data, derived from extensive observations of millions of galaxies, provides fresh insights into the fundamental workings of the universe. Scientists are now questioning whether the standard model, which assumes a constant dark energy force, remains valid in explaining the cosmos.

Evidence from DESI’s 3D Mapping Project

According to the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), which operates from the Nicholas U. Mayall 4-Meter Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory, findings suggest that dark energy may not be a fixed force. The analysis is based on data collected over three years, covering nearly 15 million galaxies and quasars. DESI’s ability to simultaneously capture light from 5,000 galaxies allows researchers to examine large-scale cosmic structures and measure how the universe’s expansion rate has changed over time.

Comparisons with Other Cosmic Observations

As reported, inconsistencies arise when DESI’s findings are compared with measurements from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and type Ia supernovae. The CMB consists of fossil light from the early universe, has been used to track the expansion history of the cosmos. Similar to thaf type Ia supernovae, often called “standard candles” for their uniform brightness, have provided key distance measurements. The DESI data suggests that dark energy’s influence may have weakened over time, a deviation from the accepted cosmological model that assumes it remains unchanged.

Implications for Future Research

Speaking in an official press release, DESI Project Scientist Arjun Dey stated that these findings could redefine humanity’s understanding of the universe. The instrument’s ongoing observations will continue to refine knowledge of dark energy’s role. Scientists anticipate that by the project’s conclusion, further data will offer a clearer picture of whether dark energy fluctuates, potentially reshaping existing theories of cosmic evolution.

Continue Reading

Science

Pulsar Fusion’s Nuclear Fusion Rockets May Revolutionise Space Travel

Published

15 hours ago

on

March 26, 2025

By

Pulsar Fusion’s Nuclear Fusion Rockets May Revolutionise Space Travel

A UK-based company has announced plans for nuclear fusion-powered rockets that could reduce travel time across the solar system. Pulsar Fusion has been working on the project in secrecy for a decade and recently introduced the concept at the Space-Comm Expo in London. The company aims to test the technology this year and conduct an orbital demonstration by 2027. The rockets, called Sunbirds, are designed to propel spacecraft at high speeds using nuclear fusion. Experts believe that if the technology works, it could transform space exploration. However, some remain sceptical about its feasibility.

Technology Behind the Sunbird Rockets

As reported, the rockets will use a Duel Direct Fusion Drive (DDFD) engine. This system is designed to generate thrust by fusing deuterium and helium-3. Unlike conventional fusion reactors, the DDFD would produce charged particles that could be directly used for propulsion. The company claims that this technology could cut the journey to Mars in half and reduce the travel time to Pluto to just four years. However, the fusion process has not yet been successfully tested in space.

Challenges and Expert Opinions

In an interview with Live Science, Paulo Lozano, an astronautics professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, expressed doubts about the project. He stated that fusion technology remains complex and has not yet been mastered for compact systems like these rockets. Richard Dinan, CEO of Pulsar Fusion, responded by saying that fusion in space is easier to achieve because the vacuum eliminates many of the challenges faced on Earth. The company plans to test the propulsion system this year, though initial trials will use inert gases instead of helium-3 due to its high cost.

Future Plans and Potential Hurdles

Pulsar Fusion hopes to create a fleet of Sunbird rockets that can be reused multiple times. These rockets would be stationed in orbit and attach to spacecraft, helping them reach deep space. This approach could lower costs for long-distance missions. However, one of the biggest challenges is sourcing helium-3, which is rare and expensive. Some experts suggest that mining helium-3 from the Moon could be a solution, but no such plans are in place yet. The company has not set a timeline for when a fully functional Sunbird prototype will be ready.

Continue Reading

Science

30,000-Year-Old Vulture Feathers Discovered, Uniquely Preserved in Volcanic Ash

Published

15 hours ago

on

March 26, 2025

By

30,000-Year-Old Vulture Feathers Discovered, Uniquely Preserved in Volcanic Ash

Fossilised feathers of a 30,000-year-old griffon vulture have been found in a remarkable state of preservation, with details unlike any previously recorded. The discovery, made in the Colli Albani volcanic complex near Rome, Italy, has intrigued scientists for decades. The remains, which include traces of the bird’s wing feathers and eyelids, were first unearthed in 1889. Until now, the preservation process remained unexplained. New research suggests that the feathers were encased in volcanic ash, later transforming into silicon-rich zeolite crystals, which retained the structure of the vulture’s delicate tissues. This marks the first instance of such preservation occurring in volcanic material.

Unprecedented Preservation Through Zeolite Crystals

According to the study published in Geology, an analysis using electron microscopes and chemical testing revealed that the feathers were fossilised in three-dimensional form. This contrasts with the usual fossilization process, where feathers leave two-dimensional carbon imprints. Previously, three-dimensional feather fossils had only been identified in amber. The research team, led by Valentina Rossi, a paleobiologist at University College Cork in Ireland, found that zeolite minerals had played a critical role in maintaining the feathers’ microscopic details. Speaking to Live Science, Rossi described the discovery as unique, highlighting that feathers preserved in volcanic ash had never been documented before.

Burial in Volcanic Ash Preserved Delicate Features

The fossil, initially discovered by a landowner in the foothills of Mount Tuscolo, had been noted for its unusual preservation in volcanic rock. Over time, much of the specimen was lost, leaving only part of one wing, the head, and the neck. Recent reanalysis identified even finer details, including the structure of the vulture’s eyelids and skin. According to Dawid Iurino, associate professor in vertebrate paleontology at the University of Milan, the bird was likely buried in a low-temperature pyroclastic deposit. He explained to Live Science that while volcanic environments typically destroy organic material, certain conditions allowed soft tissues to be fossilised at a cellular level.

Potential for More Fossil Discoveries in Volcanic Rock

The study suggests that the preservation process occurred within days, as the ash reacted with water and gradually formed zeolite crystals that replaced the biological structures. Maria McNamara, professor of paleontology at University College Cork, told Live Science that the findings could expand the scope of fossil research. She noted that delicate tissues had not previously been expected to survive in volcanic rock, opening new possibilities for similar discoveries in the future.

For the latest tech news and reviews, follow Gadgets 360 on X, Facebook, WhatsApp, Threads and Google News. For the latest videos on gadgets and tech, subscribe to our YouTube channel. If you want to know everything about top influencers, follow our in-house Who’sThat360 on Instagram and YouTube.


Anthropic Upgrades Claude AI Chatbot With Web Search Capability



Airtel, Vodafone Idea (Vi) Roll Out Prepaid Plans With JioHotstar Subscription Ahead of IPL 2025

Continue Reading

Trending