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Top US and Russian officials are set to meet in Saudi Arabia on Tuesday with the aim of restoring ties and setting up negotiations to end the war in Ukraine.

The Kremlin has said the discussions in Riyadh could pave the way for a face-to-face meeting between US President Donald Trump and Russian leader Vladimir Putin “very soon”.

It comes after the pair held a ground-breaking lengthy phone call last Wednesday.

Follow peace talk and Ukraine war updates live

Riyadh, which is also involved in talks with Washington over the future of the Gaza Strip, has played a role in early contacts between the Trump administration.

But who will be involved in the discussions tomorrow?

Marco Rubio

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Marco Rubio walks with Saudi Arabia's Deputy Minister for Protocol Affairs Abdulmajeed Al-Smar  in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Pic: Reuters
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Marco Rubio after arriving in Riyadh. Pic: Reuters

Mr Trump’s secretary of state, who arrived in Riyadh on Monday, serves as the president’s chief foreign affairs adviser and the country’s top diplomat.

Mr Rubio, a former Florida senator, already spoke to Russian foreign affairs minister Sergey Lavrov over the phone on Saturday, discussing the war in Ukraine and other topics, according to readouts of the call from both countries.

The US president and Mr Rubio were adversaries when they both ran to be the Republican presidential candidate in 2016, launching public insults at one another.

But over the past few years Mr Rubio has softened some of his stances to align more closely with Mr Trump’s views, particularly on foreign policy – so much so that he was one of three final contenders for Mr Trump’s vice-presidential pick for this term, eventually losing out to JD Vance.

Before he was made secretary of state, the 53-year-old said Ukraine needed to seek a negotiated settlement with Russia rather than focus on regaining all territory that Russia has taken in the last decade.

“I’m not on Russia’s side – but unfortunately the reality of it is that the way the war in Ukraine is going to end is with a negotiated settlement,” he said in September.

Michael Waltz

FILE PHOTO: Representative Michael Waltz (R-FL) speaks on Day 3 of the Republican National Convention (RNC), at the Fiserv Forum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S., July 17, 2024. REUTERS/Mike Segar/File Photo/File Photo
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Michael Waltz at the Republican National Convention last year. Pic: Reuters

US national security adviser Michael Waltz will be alongside Mr Rubio during the US-Russia talks.

The 51-year-old is a Green Beret veteran who served in Afghanistan, the Middle East and Africa.

Since 2019, he has represented a congressional district in the House, where he’s a member of the Armed Services, Foreign Affairs and Intelligence committees.

Before his appointment in Mr Trump’s cabinet, he co-wrote an article in The Economist that laid out his view of how the US could move to convince Russia to end the war: either by offering to ease sanctions or threatening greater assistance to Kyiv.

“America can use economic leverage, including lifting the pause on exports of liquefied natural gas and cracking down on Russia’s illicit oil sales, to bring Mr Putin to the table,” he wrote in the 2 November piece, co-authored with Matthew Kroenig, a former Pentagon strategist.

“If he refuses to talk, Washington can, as Mr Trump argued, provide more weapons to Ukraine with fewer restrictions on their use. Faced with this pressure, Mr Putin will probably take the opportunity to wind the conflict down.”

He said that he didn’t want Moscow to be able to declare its actions in Ukraine a victory.

Instead, he wrote that requiring Mr Putin to accept a deal whereby Ukraine remains an independent state, closely tied to the West “would be a strategic defeat for the Russian leader and seen as such in Beijing”.

Steve Witkoff

Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff (left) helped secure the release. File pic: Reuters
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Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff (left): Pic: Reuters

Mr Witkoff, Mr Trump’s special Middle East envoy, is a long-time friend of the president’s and a fellow billionaire real estate developer.

The 67-year-old, who has known Mr Trump for decades, is a Republican donor and served on one of the president’s Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups to combat the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Like Mr Trump, he made his fortune in real estate in both New York and Florida, and brought family members – his wife, Lauren, and sons Alex and Zach – into the Witkoff Group.

He is regularly seen bonding with Mr Trump on the golf course, and was present on the course in Florida during the apparent assassination attempt on the president last September.

Mr Witkoff has been busy in his new Middle East role, having been Mr Trump’s man in the room for the extremely fragile Israel-Hamas ceasefire negotiations.

In a Fox News interview on Sunday, he confirmed he was heading to Riyadh, adding: “And hopefully we’ll make some really good progress.”

Sergei Lavrov

Sergei Lavrov attends a meeting with his Serbian counterpart Marko Djuric in Moscow.
Pic: Reuters
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Sergei Lavrov at a meeting in Moscow. Pic: Reuters

Sergei Lavrov is Russia’s longstanding foreign minister, having taken the role back in 2004.

The highly decorated Kremlin official has been described as “the Jedi master of the dark arts of Russian diplomacy” by Sky News’ international affairs editor Dominic Waghorn.

He said Mr Lavrov is “a diplomatic bruiser who cajoles and bullies where he sees fit” who has been known, like others at the Kremlin, to make outlandish claims about the reality of the war.

Initially, when rumours of a Russian invasion sparked, he said it would never happen – then once it began, he for some time insisted that it hadn’t.

The 74-year-old made headlines when he unintentionally made the audience at an international conference in India laugh in March 2023 by attempting to portray his country as the victim of the war in Ukraine.

“The war, which we are trying to stop, which was launched against us using Ukrainian people, of course, influenced the policy of Russia, including energy policy,” he said to a chorus of laughs and groans.

Yuri Ushakov

Yuri Ushakov. Pic: AP
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Yuri Ushakov. Pic: AP

Mr Putin’s foreign policy adviser Yuri Ushakov will join Mr Lavrov or the Russian side of the table.

Americans will be familiar with the Kremlin official, as he served as the Ambassador of Russia to the United States from 1998 until 2008 before taking up his current post in 2012.

What exactly is the meeting for?

Specifically, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told reporters that the meeting would focus on restoring US-Russia relations and setting up talks for a potential Ukraine peace deal.

The talks will be among the first high-level in-person discussions in years between Russian and US officials and are meant to precede a meeting between Mr Trump and Mr Putin.

Mr Rubio has said the coming weeks and days would determine whether Mr Putin is serious about making peace.

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Keith Kellogg, Mr Trump’s special envoy for Ukraine and Russia, is not expected to attend the meeting, as he is at NATO’s HQ in Brussels, but he has been working with Mr Trump on a plan to broker a war-ending deal with Russia.

They have offered scant details about such a plan, nor any timescale for its implementation.

This meeting comes off the back of Mr Trump’s phone call with Mr Putin last week.

Writing about the call on Truth Social, the US president said: “As we both agreed, we want to stop the millions of deaths taking place in the War with Russia/Ukraine.

“We agreed to work together, very closely, including visiting each other’s Nations. We have also agreed to have our respective teams start negotiations immediately.”

Ukraine and Europe are not invited

The US and Russia have excluded Ukraine and Europe from the meeting, as tensions grow between America and European countries.

It’s prompted European leaders to put together their own impromptu talks in Paris, with Sir Keir Starmer saying: “We cannot allow any divisions in the alliance to distract from the external enemies we face.”

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has confirmed his country has been left out of the talks in Saudi Arabia, saying any negotiations without them will have “no result”.

“And we cannot acknowledge anything, any arrangements about us, that were made without us. And we will not recognise such agreements,” he told reporters on Monday.

Speaking to Sky News’ US partner network NBC News, Ukraine’s president thanked Donald Trump for his support, but added there is not “any leader in the world who can really make a deal with Vladimir Putin without us”.

Asked whether he believed Mr Trump was negotiating in good faith, Mr Zelenskyy said: “I hope so. I hope so. Yes, I count on it.

“I trust Trump because he’s the president of the US, because your people voted for him and I respect their choice.”

In an interview on CBS News on Sunday, Mr Rubio moved to reassure Europe and Ukraine that they would be part of negotiations further down the line if they were to materialise.

He said: “If it’s real negotiations, and we’re not there yet, but if that were to happen, Ukraine will have to be involved because they’re the one that were invaded, and the Europeans will have to be involved because… they have sanctions on Putin and Russia as well, and they’ve contributed to this effort.”

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Donald Trump announces dramatic drop in US refugee intake, with most of them white South Africans

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Donald Trump announces dramatic drop in US refugee intake, with most of them white South Africans

The US is drastically cutting the number of refugees it will allow into the country to 7,500, and giving priority to white South Africans.

The new figure, announced on Thursday in a memo in the Federal Registry, the official journal of the US administration, is a dramatic reduction from last year’s 125,000, set by former president Joe Biden.

No reason was given for the decrease, but the note said the admission of the 7,500 refugees during the 2026 fiscal year was “justified by humanitarian concerns or is otherwise in the national interest”.

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The notice posted to the register’s website said the 7,500 admissions would “primarily” be allocated to Afrikaner South Africans and “other victims of illegal or unjust discrimination in their respective homelands”.

It is half the 15,000 total set for 2021 during Donald Trump’s first term in office at the height of the COVID pandemic, which reports said was the previous lowest refugee admissions cap.

Refugee rights groups were quick to condemn the proposal, with International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP) president Sharif Aly, saying that by “privileging Afrikaners while continuing to ban thousands of refugees who have already been vetted and approved, the administration is once again politicising a humanitarian programme”.

Krish O’Mara Vignarajah, CEO of Global Refuge, said: “Concentrating the vast majority of admissions on one group undermines the programme’s purpose as well as its credibility.”

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Human Rights First president, Uzra Zeya, called it a “new low point” in US foreign policy, which will “further destabilise front-line states that host over two-thirds of the world’s nearly 43 million refugees, undermining US national security in tandem”.

US President Donald Trump showed South Africa's President Cyril Ramaphosa printed-out articles in the Oval Office. Pic: AP
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US President Donald Trump showed South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa printed-out articles in the Oval Office. Pic: AP

In May, Mr Trump confronted South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa in the White House, claiming white farmers in his nation were being killed and “persecuted”.

A video purporting to show burial sites for murdered white farmers was played but was later shown to be scenes from a 2020 protest in which the crosses represented farmers killed over multiple years.

The South African government has vehemently denied that Afrikaners and other white South Africans are being persecuted.

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In January, the US president suspended the US Refugee Admissions Programme (USRAP) to, in his words, allow US authorities to prioritise national security and public safety.

During the Oval Office meeting, Mr Ramaphosa said only that he hoped that Trump officials would listen to South Africans about the issue, and later said he believed there is “doubt and disbelief about all this in [Mr Trump’s] head”.

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Donald Trump says tariffs will be cut after ‘amazing’ meeting with Xi Jinping

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Donald Trump says tariffs will be cut after 'amazing' meeting with Xi Jinping

Donald Trump has described crucial trade talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping as “amazing” – and says he will visit Beijing in April.

The leaders of the world’s two biggest economies met in South Korea as they tried to defuse growing tensions – with both countries imposing aggressive tariffs on exports since the president’s second term began.

Catch up on Trump-Xi meeting

Aboard Air Force One, Mr Trump confirmed tariffs on Chinese goods exported to the US will be reduced, which could prove much-needed relief to consumers.

It was also agreed that Beijing will work “hard” to stop fentanyl flowing into the US.

Semiconductor chips were another issue raised during their 100-minute meeting, but the president admitted certain issues weren’t discussed.

“On a scale of one to 10, the meeting with Xi was 12,” he told reporters en route back to the US.

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‘Their handshake was almost a bit awkward’

Xi a ‘tough negotiator’, says Trump

The talks conclude a whirlwind visit across Asia – with Mr Trump saying he was “too busy” to see Kim Jong Un.

However, the president said he would be willing to fly back to see the North Korean leader, with a view to discussing denuclearisation.

Mr Trump had predicted negotiations with his Chinese counterpart would last for three or four hours – but their meeting ended in less than two.

The pair shook hands before the summit, with the US president quipping: “He’s a tough negotiator – and that’s not good!”

It marks the first face-to-face meeting between both men since 2019 – back in Mr Trump’s first term.

Donald Trump and Xi Jinping. Pic: AP
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Donald Trump and Xi Jinping. Pic: AP

There were signs that Beijing had extended an olive branch to Washington ahead of the talks, with confirmation China will start buying US soybeans again.

American farmers have been feeling the pinch since China stopped making purchases earlier this year – not least because the country was their biggest overseas market.

Chinese stocks reached a 10-year high early on Thursday as investors digested their meeting, with the yuan rallying to a one-year high against the US dollar.

Analysis: A fascinating power play

Sky News Asia correspondent Helen-Ann Smith – who is in Busan where the talks took place – said it was fascinating to see the power play between both world leaders.

She said: “Trump moved quickly to dominate the space – leaning in, doing all the talking, even responding very briefly to a few thrown questions.

“That didn’t draw so much as an eyebrow raise from his counterpart, who was totally inscrutable. Xi does not like or respond well to unscripted moments, Trump lives for them.”

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On Truth Social, Mr Trump had described the summit as a gathering of the “G2” – a nod to America and China’s status as the world’s two biggest economies.

While en route to see President Xi, he also revealed that the US “Department of War” has now been ordered to start testing nuclear weapons for the first time since 1992.

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Microsoft, Alphabet and Meta results overshadowed by growing fears of AI bubble

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Microsoft, Alphabet and Meta results overshadowed by growing fears of AI bubble

Some of the world’s biggest tech giants reported quarterly earnings on Wednesday – with a mixed bag of results as fears grow that a bubble is forming in artificial intelligence.

Microsoft revealed that its spending on AI infrastructure hit almost $35bn (£26.5bn) in the three months to the end of September, a sharp rise compared with the year before.

Despite revenue jumping 18% and net income rising 12%, shares plunged by close to 4% in after-hours trading, with investors concerned about the mounting costs of sustaining the boom.

Microsoft is now a $4trn company thanks to its stake in ChatGPT maker OpenAI. AP file pic
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Microsoft is now a $4trn company thanks to its stake in ChatGPT maker OpenAI. AP file pic

Microsoft’s vice president of investor relations Jonathan Neilson said: “We continue to see demand which exceeds the capacity we have available.

“Our capital expenditure strategy remains unchanged in that we build against the demand signal we’re seeing.”

Big Tech is facing increasing pressure to show returns on the massive AI investments they’re making, against a backdrop of soaring valuations and limited evidence of productivity gains.

Microsoft became the world’s second most valuable company this week thanks to its 27% stake in OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT.

Its market capitalisation surged beyond $4trn (£3trn) at one point, but that psychologically significant threshold is now in doubt because of recent selloffs.

iStock file pic
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iStock file pic

Alphabet makes history

Last night’s results weren’t all doom and gloom – with shares in Google’s parent company surging by 6% in after-hours trading.

Alphabet has also set out aggressive spending ambitions, but placated investors thanks to an impressive set of results that surpassed analysts’ expectations.

Total revenue for the quarter stood at a staggering $102.35bn (£77bn), with the search giant’s advertising unit remaining robust despite growing competition.

But concerns linger that Alphabet’s dominance in search could be undermined by AI startups, with OpenAI recently unveiling a browser designed to rival Google Chrome.

Hargreaves Lansdown’s senior equity analyst Matt Britzman shrugged off this threat – and believes the company is “gearing up for long-term AI leadership”.

He said: “Alphabet just delivered its first-ever $100bn quarter, silencing the doubters with standout performances in both Search and Cloud.

“AI Overviews and AI Mode are clearly resonating with users, helping to ease fears that Google’s core search business is under threat from generative AI.

“With ChatGPT’s recent browser demo falling short of a game-changer, Google looks well-placed to put up a strong defence as gatekeeper to the internet.”

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Microsoft Azure outage hits thousands

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Meta faces a mauling

Meta – the parent company of Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp – saw its shares tumble by as much as 10% in after-hours trading.

Mark Zuckerberg’s tech empire anticipates “notably larger” capital expenses next year as it ramps up investments in AI and goes on a hiring spree for top talent.

Net income in the third quarter stood at $2.7bn (£2bn) and suffered an eye-watering $16bn (£12bn) hit because of Donald Trump’s “Big Beautiful Bill”.

Meta was late to the party on AI but has now doubled down on this still-nascent technology – setting an ambition to achieve superintelligence, a milestone where machines could theoretically outthink humans.

The social networking giant continues to benefit from its massive user base, and expects fourth-quarter revenues of up to $59bn (£44bn).

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