Kelly Harris of San Jose, leans over to kiss the web cam as she says her goodbye to Brian Johnson, her brother stationed in Japan, at the end of their video phone call via Skype in San Jose, Calif. on Nov. 25, 2009.
Lea Suzuki | San Francisco Chronicle | Hearst Newspapers | Getty Images
Skype is logging off.
On Friday, Microsoft announced that the 21-year-old calling and messaging service will shut down May 5. The software company is encouraging Skype users to migrate to its free Teams app.
Skype won attention in the 2000s for giving people a way to talk without paying the phone company, but stumbled in the mobile era and didn’t enjoy a major resurgence during the pandemic. Some people have forgotten that it’s still available, given the many other options for chatting and calling.
“We’ve learned a lot from Skype over the years that we’ve put into Teams as we’ve evolved teams over the last seven to eight years,” Jeff Teper, president of Microsoft 365 collaborative apps and platforms, said in an interview with CNBC. “But we felt like now is the time because we can be simpler for the market, for our customer base, and we can deliver more innovation faster just by being focused on Teams.”
Over the next few days, Microsoft will start allowing people to sign in to Teams with Skype credentials, and Skype contacts and chats will transfer over, according to a blog post. People can also export their Skype data. The company will stop selling monthly Skype subscriptions, and users with credits can keep using them in Teams.
“This is obviously a big, big moment for us, and we’re certainly very grateful in many ways,” Teper said. “Skype pioneered audio and video calling on the web for many, many people.”
It’s one of the most enduring digital brands.
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In 2003, Janus Friis and Niklas Zennström, who previously co-founded peer-to-peer file-sharing program Kazaa, launched Skype in Estonia with help from a band of former classmates with zero experience in telecommunications. Originally, Skype was a tool for people to call one another online for free. The quirky name stood for “sky peer to peer,” a reference to the service’s underlying voice over internet protocol, or VoIP, architecture.
Skype caught on quickly. By 2004, there were 11 million registered users. By the time eBay announced a plan to buy Skype Technologies SA for $2.6 billion in 2005, the user count had reached 54 million, and Skype was anticipating $60 million in annual revenue, thanks to payments from those who wished to call mobile phones and landlines.
Meg Whitman, eBay’s CEO at the time, envisioned that Skype would help people more quickly complete sales of products, especially costly ones, by connecting buyers and sellers. And eBay could charge extra for such calls. Skype users across the world could discover eBay and PayPal, too. The deal was completed 29 days later.
In this handout image provided by eBay, the company’s president and CEO, Meg Whitman, left, poses with Niklas Zennstrom, co-founder and CEO of Skype, the global Internet communications company, in London on Sept. 12, 2005. Internet company eBay today announced its intention to acquire Skype, a voice over internet company, for about $2.6 billion.
Sergio Dionisio | eBay | Getty Images
Under eBay, Skype’s user number grew, crossing 405 million by 2008, and communications revenue rose. But then Whitman stepped down as CEO, making way for former Bain executive John Donahoe, who didn’t think eBay’s core businesses were benefiting from the Skype transaction.
In 2009, the economy was in recession, eBay’s sales growth had turned negative, and the stock price was lower than it had been since 2001. In a statement that touted the release of a Skype app for Apple’s iPhone, Donahoe announced that eBay would launch a Skype initial public offering as part of a separation.
But eBay never filed for a Skype IPO. Four and a half months after declaring the IPO strategy, eBay said it had reached an agreement to sell Skype to an investor group led by Silver Lake in a deal worth $2.75 billion. The online auction operator received a 30% stake in Skype’s buyer. Under the investor group, Skype filed for an IPO, but that didn’t come to pass, either. Microsoft wound up acquiring Skype in 2011 for $8.5 billion, with eBay receiving over $2 billion.
“Microsoft and Skype together will bring together hundreds of millions or, as Tony said, billions of consumers and empower them to communicate in new and interesting ways,” Microsoft’s CEO at the time, Steve Ballmer, said at a press conference, referring to comments earlier at the event from Skype’s leader, Tony Bates. By that point, 170 million people were using Skype each month. Ballmer aimed to integrate Skype with several Microsoft products, including Lync, Windows Live Messenger, Windows Phone and Xbox video game consoles. Microsoft also got Skype running on its Azure cloud infrastructure.
Skype did not manage to accumulate a billion active users, though.
Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer, left, shakes hands with Skype CEO Tony Bates during a news conference on May 10, 2011 in San Francisco, California. Microsoft has agreed to buy Skype for $8.5 billion.
Justin Sullivan | Getty Images
Apple’s native iMessage and FaceTime were picking up traction on iOS devices. In 2014, Facebook bought WhatsApp, a mobile messaging app, and months later, users gained the ability to place calls across borders. WhatsApp took off globally. So did Tencent’s WeChat.
Skype, meanwhile, implemented multiple redesigns and faced criticism from devotees. In 2016, Microsoft introduced Teams as a distinct “chat-based workspace” for organizations with Office productivity software subscriptions that would compete with Slack, which was then an emerging startup.
When Covid came and pushed people to work and study from home, Zoom, originally conceived for business use, became a consumer favorite for holding video calls. People could also connect on video through services from Cisco, Facebook and Google. Skype did see a usage bump, but Microsoft put major engineering resources behind Teams for companies, governments and schools, and the investment paid off. Analysts began concentrating on the number of Teams users that Microsoft would disclose, with the figure exceeding 320 million in 2023.
As for Skype, Microsoft’s current CEO, Satya Nadella, hasn’t mentioned it on an earnings call since 2017.
In 2023, Microsoft said Skype had 36 million daily active users. That was down from 40 million in March 2020. Teper declined to talk about how many people use the service today, but did say the number of minutes consumers have spent on Teams calls increased four-fold in the past two years.
“I think a good write-up of the history of the thing would mark the shift to mobile and cloud as a significant change in the communications category,” Teper said.
Foxconn Hon Hai Technology Group signage during the Nvidia GPU Technology Conference (GTC) in San Jose, California, US, on Thursday, March 20, 2025.
David Paul Morris | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Taiwan’s Foxconn, the world’s largest contract electronics maker, reported Thursday that its second-quarter operating profit rose 27% year over year, on the strength of its growing artificial intelligence server business.
Here’s how Foxconn did in the second quarter of 2025 compared with LSEG SmartEstimates, which are weighted toward forecasts from analysts who are more consistently accurate:
Revenue: 1.79 trillion New Taiwan dollars ($59.73 billion) vs. NT$1.79 trillion
Operating profit: NT$56.596 billion vs. NT$49.767 billion
Second quarter revenue grew 16% from last year, coming in line with LSEG’s SmartEstimates. The company’s net profit for the second quarter came in at NT$44.36 billion, beating expectations of NT$38.81 billion.
Foxconn, formally called Hon Hai Precision Industry, is the world’s largest manufacturer of Apple’s iPhones, and has been looking to replicate its success in consumer electronics in the world of AI.
The firm manufactures server racks designed for AI workloads and has become a key partner to American AI chip darling Nvidia.
Sales of Foxconn’s server products made up the lion’s share of revenues in the second quarter at 41%, surpassing its smart consumer electronic products for the first time, which accounted for 35%.
In an earnings report, the company forecasted that its AI server business would continue to drive growth into the current quarter, with revenue expected to increase by over 170% year over year.
Foxconn said earlier this month that it expected overall revenue to grow further in the third quarter, but noted that the impact of “evolving global political and economic conditions” would be closely monitored.
At the end of July, Foxconn announced that it was taking a stake in industrial motor maker TECO Electric & Machinery in a strategic partnership to build more AI data centers.
The company has also shown its willingness to expand into new areas, including the assembly of electric vehicles and the manufacturing of semiconductors.
However, U.S. President Donald Trump’s global tariffs could impact Foxconn’s outlook this year. In response to Trump’s tariff threats, the company has already moved most of its final production of made-for-the-U.S. iPhones to India.
Taiwan has been hit with a 20% “temporary tariff” from the U.S., with trade negotiations said to be ongoing.
Last week, Trump also said he would impose a 100% tariff on imports of semiconductors and chips, but not on companies that are “building in the United States.”
While the details of these tariffs remain unclear, Foxconn Technology Co, a metal casing supplier owned by Hon Hai Precision Industry, announced plans to invest $1 billion in the U.S. over the next ten years as part of its North American expansion strategy, according to local media reports.
Sundar Pichai, chief executive officer of Alphabet Inc., during a visit to the Google for Startups campus in Warsaw, Poland, on Thursday, Feb. 13, 2025. The EU has established a reputation globally for its aggressive regulation of major technology companies, including the likes of Apple and Google over antitrust concerns. Photographer: Damian Lemanski/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Damian Lemanski | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Perplexity AI’s bid on Tuesday to buy Google’s Chrome browser for $34.5 billion represents a dramatic moment for the internet search giant, a week before it celebrates the 20th anniversary of its IPO.
Even if analysts aren’t taking the offer very seriously, Perplexity’s move marks a turning point. It’s the first time an outside party has made such a public and specific effort to strip out a key piece of Google, which is currently awaiting a judge’s decision on whether it must take significant divestiture steps following a ruling last year that the company has held a monopoly in its core search market.
The ruling was widely viewed as the most important antitrust decision in the tech industry since the case against Microsoft more than two decades ago. The U.S. Department of Justice, which filed the landmark case against Google in 2020, indicated after its victory in court that it was considering a possible breakup of Google as an antitrust remedy.
Soon after that, the DOJ explicitly called for Google to divest Chrome to create a more equal playing field for search competitors. As is, Google bundles search and other services into Chrome and preinstalls the browser on Chromebooks. Google Legal Chief Kent Walker said in response to the DOJ that its “approach would result in unprecedented government overreach” and would harm the country’s effort to maintain economic and tech leadership.
With the remedies decision expected this month, investors have a lot to consider regarding the future value of Google and parent Alphabet. The company is shelling out tens of billions of dollars a year on artificial intelligence infrastructure and AI services while facing the risk that consumers will be spending a lot less time on traditional search as ChatGPT and other AI-powered alternatives provide new ways to access information.
But while Alphabet still counts on search-related ads for the majority of its revenue, the company has been diversifying over the past decade. October will mark 10 years since the creation of Alphabet as a holding company, with Google as its prime subsidiary.
“This new structure will allow us to keep tremendous focus on the extraordinary opportunities we have inside of Google,” co-founder Larry Page said in a blog post at the time.
Page moved from CEO of Google to become chief executive of Alphabet, promoting Sundar Pichai, who had been a senior vice president in charge of internet businesses, to run Google. Four years later, Pichai replaced Page as Alphabet CEO.
On Pichai’s watch, Alphabet’s market cap has jumped more than 150% to $2.5 trillion. With an increasingly dominant position on the internet, Pichai and team have had to continue looking for growth areas, particularly in AI, while simultaneously fending off an aggressive set of regulators in the U.S. and Europe.
Analysts have taken the opportunity to place estimated values on Alphabet’s various businesses, partly in the event that the company is ever forced into drastic measures. Some have even suggested it could be a good thing for shareholders.
“We believe the only way forward for Alphabet is a complete breakup that would allow investors to own the business they actually want,” analysts at D.A. Davidson have written in a series of notes this year.
Alphabet didn’t respond to a request for comment.
Here’s a breakdown of how some analysts value Alphabet’s top non-search assets:
Chrome
The browser is key to Alphabet’s ad business, which uses data from Chrome to help with targeted advertisements. Google originally launched Chrome in 2008 as an effort to “add value for users and, at the same time, help drive innovation on the web.”
Perplexity’s offer doesn’t stack up to analyst estimates, but it’s still much higher than Perplexity’s own valuation, which reached $18 billion in July. Perplexity, which is best known for its AI-powered search engine that gives users simple answers to inquiries, said investors are on board to foot the bill. However, the company didn’t name the prospective backers.
Barclays analysts called the possibility of a Chrome divestiture a “black swan” risk, warning of a potential 15% to 25% drop in Alphabet’s stock should it occur. They estimate that Chrome drives around 35% of Google’s search revenue.
If a deal for Chrome is on the table, analysts at Raymond James value the browser at $50 billion, based on 2.25 billion users and Google’s revenue share agreements with phone manufacturers that preinstall Chrome on devices.
That’s inline with where Gabriel Weinberg, CEO of rival search company DuckDuckGo, values Chrome. Weinberg, who testified in the antitrust trial, said in April that Chrome could be sold for up to $50 billion if a spinout was required. Weinberg said his estimate was based on “back-of-the-envelope” math, looking at Chrome’s user base.
Bob O’Donnell of market research firm TECHnalysis Research, cautioned that Chrome is “not directly monetizable,” because it serves as a gateway and that it’s “not clear how you measure that from a pure revenue-generating perspective.”
Google Cloud
A person takes a photo of the Google Cloud logo, during the 2025 Mobile World Congress (MWC) in Barcelona, Spain, March 4, 2025.
Albert Gea | Reuters
Google’s cloud unit, which is third in the cloud infrastructure market behind Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure, is one of Alphabet’s key growth engines and its biggest business outside of digital advertising.
Google began its big push into the market about a decade ago, even though it officially launched what was called the Google Cloud Platform (GCP) in 2011. The unit was rebranded as just Google Cloud in 2016.
Like AWS and Azure, Google Cloud generates revenue from businesses ranging from startups to large enterprises that run workloads on the company’s servers. Additionally, customers pay for products like Google Workspace, the company’s suite of productivity apps and collaboration tools.
In 2020, Google began breaking out its cloud business in financial statements, starting with revenue. In the fourth quarter of 2020, the first time Google included profit metrics for the unit, it recorded an operating loss of $1.24 billion.
The business turned profitable in 2023, and is now generating healthy margins. In the second quarter of 2025, Google reported an operating profit for the cloud business of $2.8 billion on revenue of $13.6 billion. Demand is so high that the company’s cloud services now have a backlog, a measure of future committed revenue, of $106 billion, CFO Anat Ashkenazi said on the earnings call.
In March, Google agreed to acquire cloud security vendor Wiz for $32 billion, the company’s largest deal ever.
Analysts at Wedbush Securities value Google’s cloud at $602 billion, while TD Cowen in May put the number at about $549 billion. For Raymond James, the valuation is $579 billion.
D.A. Davidson analysts, who have the highest ascribed valuation at $682 billion, and TD Cowen analysts note that while Google still trails AWS and Azure, it’s growing faster than Amazon’s cloud business and has the potential for a premium valuation. That’s based on its AI infrastructure, strong data analytics stack, and ability to capture more enterprise business.
It would be “one of the best standalone software stocks,” D.A. Davidson analysts wrote in July.
YouTube
A Youtube podcast microphone is seen at the Variety Podcasting Brunch Presented By YouTube at Austin Proper Hotel in Austin, Texas, on March 8, 2025.
Mat Hayward | Variety | Getty Images
Google’s $1.65 billion purchase of YouTube in 2006 is generally viewed as one of the best acquisitions ever by an internet company, alongside Facebook’s $1 billion deal for Instagram in 2012.
YouTube is the largest video site on the web and a big part of Google’s ad business. In the second quarter, YouTube ad revenue increased 13% to $9.8 billion, accounting for 14% of Google’s total ad sales.
Valuation estimates vary tremendously.
Dubbing it the “new king of all media,” MoffettNathanson values YouTube at between $475 billion and $550 billion, arguing that it’s larger and more powerful than any other player in Hollywood. At the top end of that range, YouTube would be worth about 22% of all of Alphabet.
YouTube recently overtook Netflix, which has a market cap of $515 billion, as the top streaming platform in terms of audience engagement.
TD Cowen analysts ascribe a much lower valuation at $271 billion. The firm notes that it’s one of six Google products with more than 2 billion monthly users, along with search, Google Maps, Gmail, Android and Chrome. Raymond James says YouTube is worth $306 billion.
For 2024, YouTube was the second-largest media company by revenue at $54.2 billion, trailing only Disney. The platform earns revenue from advertising and subscriptions.
The TD Cowen analysts said in May that they expect ad revenue to climb about 14% this year, and they expect the unit to maintain a double-digit growth rate. There’s also a fast-growing subscription side that includes YouTube TV, music and NFL Sunday ticket.
Waymo
Alphabet’s self-driving car company, Waymo, is by far its most high-profile success so far outside of Google.
Waymo currently operates the largest commercial autonomous ride-hailing fleet in the U.S., with more than 1,500 cars and over 100 million fully driverless miles logged. Rivals like Tesla and Amazon’s Zoox are still mostly at the testing phase in limited markets.
When Alphabet was formed as Google’s parent company, it created an “Other Bets” category to include businesses that it liked to call “moonshots,” a term that had already made its way into Google lexicon.
“We won’t become complacent, relying solely on small tweaks as the years wear on,” the company wrote in its 2014 annual report, describing its moonshot projects.
Waymo was spun out of Google in 2016 to join Other Bets, which on the whole is still losing billions of dollars a year. In the second quarter, Alphabet recorded a loss for the category of $1.2 billion on $373 million in revenue.
In its most recent funding round in November, Waymo was valued at $45 billion. The transaction included outside investors Andreessen Horowitz, Tiger Global, Silver Lake, Fidelity and T. Rowe Price.
Some analysts see the unit worth many multiples of that now. D.A. Davidson analysts estimated the valuation at $200 billion or more earlier this month. Oppenheimer assigned a base case valuation of $300 billion, on the assumption that it generates $102 billion in adjusted earnings by 2040.
Raymond James values Waymo at $150 billion, with a prediction that rides per week will reach 1.4 million in 2027 and climb to 5.8 million by 2030. TD Cowen estimated Waymo’s enterprise mid-point value at $60 billion.
Waymo says it now conducts more than 250,000 paid weekly trips in the markets where it operates commercially, including Atlanta, Austin, Los Angeles, Phoenix and San Francisco. The company said it would be expanding to Philadelphia, Dallas and elsewhere.
Cisco CEO Chuck Robbins speaks at the Business Roundtable CEO Workforce Forum in Washington on June 17, 2025.
Al Drago | Bloomberg | Getty Images
CIsco reported results on Wednesday that narrowly exceeded analysts’ expectations and issued quarterly guidance that was also better than expected. The stock slipped in extended trading.
Here’s how the company did in comparison with LSEG consensus:
Earnings per share: 99 cents adjusted vs. 98 cents expected
Revenue: $14.67 billion vs. $14.62 billion expected
Revenue increased 7.6% year over year in the quarter, which ended on July 26, according to a statement. Net income rose to $2.82 billion, or 71 cents per share, from $2.16 billion, or 54 cents per share, in the same quarter a year ago.
Management called for 97 cents to 99 cents in fiscal firsœt-quarter adjusted earnings per share on $14.65 billion to $14.85 billion in revenue. Analysts surveyed by LSEG were expecting 97 cents per share on $14.62 billion in revenue.
For the full 2026 fiscal year, Cisco forecast $4 to $4.06 in adjusted earnings per share and $59 billion to $60 billion in revenue. The LSEG consensus was for earnings of $4.03 a share and $59.53 billion in revenue.
“While we have some clarity on tariffs, we are still operating in a complex environment,” Mark Patterson, Cisco’s finance chief, said on a conference call with analysts.
In the fiscal fourth quarter, Cisco generated $7.63 billion in networking revenue, up 12%. Analysts polled by StreetAccount were looking for $7.34 billion.
Cisco’s security revenue for the quarter totaled $1.95 billion, up 9% and trailing the StreetAccount estimate of $2.11 billion.
During the quarter, Cisco said it would collaborate with a partnership to invest in artificial intelligence infrastructure, alongside BlackRock, Microsoft and other companies. It joined a Stargate data center initiative for the Middle East that involves OpenAI and SoftBank. And the company introduced switches and routers that can take on AI workloads.
AI infrastructure orders from web companies in the quarter reached $800 million, Cisco CEO Chuck Robbins said on the call. The total for the 2025 fiscal year was over $2 billion, more than double the company’s goal, he said.
Cisco’s AI infrastructure sales pipeline from enterprises is in the hundreds of billions of dollars, Robbins said.
At market close on Wednesday, Cisco shares are up 19% in 2025, while the S&P 500 has gained about 10%.
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