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As the world waits for Russia’s next move over the US-proposed ceasefire deal with Ukraine, only one man has been trusted to head up Donald Trump’s envoy to Moscow – and he’s far from the typical diplomat.

Initially named as Mr Trump’s Middle East envoy shortly after the US election, Steve Witkoff has since been involved in negotiations with Russia about ending the war in Ukraine.

His surprise trip to Moscow last month to achieve the release of US citizen Marc Fogel seemed to secure the 67-year-old as the US leader’s geopolitical dealmaker-in-chief.

Ukraine war latest: Follow live updates

Off the back of his first meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Mr Witkoff is believed to be seeing him again later this week to discuss diplomatic proposals – though the Kremlin is yet to confirm this.

He has been chosen to go to Moscow by Mr Trump over US secretary of state Marco Rubio, who on paper is the country’s top diplomat, and Keith Kellogg, who was assigned to be the US envoy for Russia-Ukraine peace talks back in January.

So who is Steve Witkoff, and how important a figure will he be as the US tries to navigate peace between Russia and Ukraine?

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‘Trump is listening intently’ to European leaders

From New York real estate to the Oval Office

Born in the Bronx, New York State, Mr Witkoff trained as a lawyer in real estate before turning his hand to property development.

In the 1990s he created his company, the Witkoff Group, which owns a number of properties in New York, most notably the Park Lane Hotel and The Woolworth Building.

Similarly to Mr Trump, he brought his close family members into his company, including his wife, Lauren Rappoport, and their sons Zach and Alexander, who is co-chief executive.

As of 2019, the Witkoff Group owned almost 50 properties across the US and the rest of the world.

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‘If Russia says no, it will tell us a lot’

‘My dear friend President Trump’

The billionaire has known Mr Trump for decades, having first met him through a New York real estate company where the now president was a client.

Having remained close, the pair bonded over their mutual love of golf, and weredescribed by US senator Lindsey Graham as “longtime golf buddies”.

Mr Witkoff was one of those on the fifth hole with the president at his course in West Palm Beach, Florida, in September last year, when a second apparent assassination attempt was made on his life.

President Donald Trump speaks to businessman Steve Witkoff, who lost his son Andrew to a prescription drug overdose, during the White House Opioid Summit in the East Room of the White House, Thursday, March 1, 2018, in Washington. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)
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Mr Trump and Mr Witkoff back in 2018. Pic: AP

But despite being regular opponents on the course, Mr Witkoff and Mr Trump are very much aligned in politics, with the businessman having donated to the Republican Party during the 2024 election.

He even spoke at the Republican National Convention back in July last year, where he said he had the “privilege” of calling Mr Trump a “true and dear friend for many years, in good times and bad times”.

Mr Witkoff also firmly backed Mr Trump’s foreign policy, saying at the inauguration parade: “We are done carrying the financial burden of nations that are unwilling to fund their own progress.

“The days of blank checks are over”.

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A critical player in Middle East negotiations

During Mr Trump’s first term in office, Mr Witkoff played a more minor role, serving as one of the president’s Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups – which aimed to combat the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

It was over lunch with Mr Trump after his second election win that Mr Witkoff reportedly broached the idea of working on the Middle East – a region he has extensive business ties with, according to NBC.

“That stunned me because I didn’t know he was that interested in the Middle East,” Senator Graham told NBC back in January, while discussing Mr Witkoff’s appointment.

“And Trump looked at me and said: ‘Well, a million people have tried. Let’s pick a nice guy who’s a smart guy’.”

FILE - President-elect Donald Trump listens to Steve Witkoff speak during a news conference at Mar-a-Lago, Jan. 7, 2025, in Palm Beach, Fla. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci, File)
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Mr Trump and Mr Witkoff speaking in January. Pic: AP

Since the beginning of the year, Mr Witkoff has proven to be a critical player in negotiations between Israel and Hamas – helping to secure January’s ceasefire deal which has so far seen the release of some of the remaining Israeli hostages in exchange for Palestinian prisoners.

One person familiar with the negotiations described Mr Witkoff to NBC as someone who is “very much engaged” with “his heart is in the right place”.

A Middle Eastern diplomat, who spoke with NBC on condition of anonymity at the time, added that the businessman was a tough negotiator but was also able to “empathise” with parents who have lost their children on both sides of the conflict, as he openly spoke about his son Andrew, who died of an OxyContin overdose in 2011 aged 22.

U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio meets with Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud, Saudi National Security Advisor Mosaad bin Mohammad Al-Aiban, U.S. National Security Advisor Mike Waltz, U.S. Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Russian President Vladimir Putin's foreign policy advisor Yuri Ushakov, at Diriyah Palace, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Pic: Reuters
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US delegation – featuring Mr Witkoff – meets with Saudi and Russian officials. Pic: Reuters

Growing criticism

Despite praise for Mr Witkoff’s approach to geopolitics, there is also growing criticism against him.

Shortly after his visit to Gaza back in January, he backed Mr Trump’s surprise announcement that the US wanted to “develop” the region and turn it into the “Riviera of the Middle East”.

Mr Trump suggested that Gaza’s two million people would not return to their territory under the plans, which has been widely criticised as amounting to ethnic cleansing.

Steve Witkoff speaking at a Saudi-run investment forum in Miami
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Mr Witkoff said he had developed a ‘friendship’ with Vladimir Putin

Mr Witkoff also faces questions over his first private meeting with President Putin last month, in which he said he had developed a “friendship” with the Russian leader.

Read more:
What’s in the US-proposed Russia and Ukraine ceasefire deal?
Ukraine peace talks are ‘first step’ and ‘an achievement’
US to resume intelligence sharing with Ukraine

Speaking about his relationship with Mr Putin, he said: “I spent a lot of time with Putin. Talking and developing a friendship and relationship with him…”

He claimed their conversation lasted over three hours.

However, the details of the conversation and what was discussed have never been released, with only translators present at the time.

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Day 67: When Martha met Marjorie

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Day 67: When Martha met Marjorie

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The Atlantic has published the full Signal messages at the heart of the growing security scandal, revealing strike timings, military coordination, and the accidental inclusion of journalist Jeffrey Goldberg.

On Day 67, US correspondents James Matthews and Martha Kelner unpack why Goldberg was already unpopular with Trump, and what this episode says about the people driving American military and political decision-making.

Plus, Martha is confronted by Republican representative Marjorie Taylor Greene, who praises defence secretary Pete Hegseth… and tells Martha to “go back to your own country”.

If you’ve got a question you’d like James, Martha, and Mark to answer, you can email it to trump100@sky.uk.

Help us understand more about our listeners by taking our survey! 👉 This form 👈 should only take a few minutes to complete, and Sky anonymises the responses as much as possible. Thank you.

Don’t forget, you can also watch all episodes on our YouTube channel.

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President Trump announces 25% tariff on all imported cars ahead of ‘liberation day’

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President Trump announces 25% tariff on all imported cars ahead of 'liberation day'

US President Donald Trump has announced a new 25% tariff on all imported cars.

Signing an executive order, Mr Trump said the tax would kick in on 2 April – what he has called “liberation day”.

This is when all his retaliatory import tariffs are supposed to take effect, but they have been delayed before.

It comes amid the continued fallout from the Signalgate security breach in Washington.

What was said in the Signal chat?

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‘Another day of Signalgate’

The move ratchets up the global trade war Mr Trump himself kicked off.

Speaking late on Wednesday, Mr Trump said the proposal: “Will continue to spur growth. We’ll effectively be charging a 25% tariff.”

However, the tariffs could be complicated as even American car makers source components from around the world – meaning they could also face higher costs and lower sales.

The announcement also drew swift condemnation from the European Union and from Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney, who called it a “direct attack” on Canadian workers.

During his second term, Mr Trump has used tariffs frequently as a trade weapon.

Donald Trump announcing the 25% tariff on imported cars.
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Donald Trump announcing the 25% tariff on imported cars.

He cited plans from South Korean car maker Hyundai to build a $5.8bn (£4.5bn) steel plant in Louisiana as evidence the economic measures would bring back manufacturing jobs.

Despite Mr Trump’s optimism, shares in General Motors fell by about 3% in Wednesday afternoon trading.

Ford’s stock was up slightly, but shares in Stellantis, the owner of Jeep and Chrysler, dropped nearly 4%.

Even American and foreign firms already with domestic plants still rely on Canada, Mexico and other countries for parts and finished vehicles – meaning prices could increase and sales decline as new factories take time to build.

Tariffs are a key part of Mr Trump’s efforts to reshape global trade relations.

He plans to impose what he calls “reciprocal” taxes on 2 April that would match tariffs and sales taxes levied by other nations.

He has already placed a 20% tax on all imports from China.

Similarly, he placed 25% tariffs on Mexico and Canada, with a lower 10% tariff on Canadian energy products.

Signal security breach

As Mr Trump was keen to talk up his tariffs, the rest of Washington was discussing the security breach that rocked the Capitol.

Read more:
Atlantic publishes more texts from group chat
Trump White House rolls out playbook response
JD Vance announces trip to Greenland

In a group called “Houthi PC small group”, specific details of a US attack on Houthis were shared with intelligence director Tulsi Gabbard, national security adviser Mike Waltz, vice president JD Vance and more.

However, a senior journalist for the magazine The Atlantic, Jeffrey Goldberg, was also somehow added to the Signal group chat.

Goldberg published a story first on Monday about the incident.

The White House had sought to downplay the leak of the messages, saying no classified information had been disclosed.

Goldberg then published a follow-up story releasing the messages themselves earlier on Wednesday.

Concerns have been raised about the security of some of the most important members of the US administration using a commercial app.

During a hearing in front of Congress, some members outlined feared security issues with Signal.

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‘This is when the bombs will drop’: What was said in Trump officials’ group chat

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'This is when the bombs will drop': What was said in Trump officials' group chat

A group chat of top US officials – which a journalist was accidentally added to – discussed plans to conduct airstrikes on Yemen’s Iran-backed Houthis and fiery critique of “pathetic” Europe.

Editor-in-chief of The Atlantic, Jeffrey Goldberg, was added to the “Houthi PC small group” on Signal on Thursday 13 March.

He wrote about what was said in the days that followed in his article The Trump Administration Accidentally Texted Me Its War Plans.

The White House sought to downplay the incident – leading to a second article from The Atlantic going into more detail about discussion it said “veered toward the operational”.

Here’s what we know was said on encrypted messaging service Signal – in a group that included US vice president JD Vance, defence secretary Pete Hegseth, national security adviser Mike Waltz and director of national intelligence Tulsi Gabbard.

Thursday 13 March

This day was seemingly aimed at establishing who would make up the small group.

A message to the group, from Michael Waltz read: “Team – establishing a principles [sic] group for coordination on Houthis, particularly for over the next 72 hours. My deputy Alex Wong is pulling together a tiger team at deputies/agency Chief of Staff level following up from the meeting in the Sit Room this morning for action items and will be sending that out later this evening.”

The message continued: “Pls provide the best staff POC from your team for us to coordinate with over the next couple days and over the weekend. Thx.”

One minute later, the secretary of state Marco Antonio Rubio wrote: “Mike Needham for State,” apparently designating the current counsellor of the state department as his representative.

JD Vance wrote: “Andy baker for VP.” One minute after that, Tulsi Gabbard, the director of national intelligence, wrote: “Joe Kent for DNI.”

Nine minutes later, treasury secretary Scott Bessent wrote: “Dan Katz for Treasury.”

At 4.53pm Pete Hegseth wrote: “Dan Caldwell for DoD.”

And at 6.34pm, a user called “Brian” wrote “Brian McCormack for NSC.” Someone called “John Ratcliffe” then wrote with the name of a CIA official to be included in the group.

Who’s who in the chat?

Eighteen people were part of the chat – here is who appears to have been added and how they were identified in the chat:

JD Vance – US deputy president

Michael Waltz – national security adviser

Marco Antonio Rubio – the secretary of state, identified as MAR

Tulsi Gabbard – the director of national intelligence, identified as TG

Scott Bessent – treasury secretary, identified as Scott B

Pete Hegseth – US defence secretary

Susie Wiles – White House chief of staff

Stephen Miller – deputy White House chief of staff, called S M in the chat (identified only by his initials, which the report says Mr Goldberg “took to stand for Stephen Miller”)

Steve Witkoff – US Middle East and Ukraine negotiator

Jeffrey Goldberg – editor-in-chief of The Atlantic magazine, identified as JG

Other members included various National Security Council officials and a CIA official who was not named in the report because they are an active intelligence officer.

Friday 14 March

At 8.05am, Mr Waltz texted the group: “Team, you should have a statement of conclusions with taskings per the Presidents [sic] guidance this morning in your high side inboxes,” with “high side” referring to classified computer systems.

“State and DOD [Department of Defence], we developed suggested notification lists for regional Allies and partners. Joint Staff is sending this am [morning] a more specific sequence of events in the coming days and we will work w DOD to ensure COS [chief of staff], OVP [office of the vice president] and POTUS [president of the United States] are briefed.”

Mr Goldberg says at this point, a “fascinating” policy discussion commenced, during which JD Vance wrote: “Team, I am out for the day doing an economic event in Michigan. But I think we are making a mistake.

“3 percent of US trade runs through the suez. 40 percent of European trade does. There is a real risk that the public doesn’t understand this or why it’s necessary. The strongest reason to do this is, as POTUS said, to send a message.

“I am not sure the president is aware how inconsistent this is with his message on Europe right now. There’s a further risk that we see a moderate to severe spike in oil prices. I am willing to support the consensus of the team and keep these concerns to myself. But there is a strong argument for delaying this a month, doing the messaging work on why this matters, seeing where the economy is, etc.”

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At 8.27am, a message arrived from the Pete Hegseth reading: “VP: I understand your concerns – and fully support you raising w/ POTUS. Important considerations, most of which are tough to know how they play out (economy, Ukraine peace, Gaza, etc). I think messaging is going to be tough no matter what – nobody knows who the Houthis are – which is why we would need to stay focused on: 1) Biden failed & 2) Iran funded.

“Waiting a few weeks or a month does not fundamentally change the calculus. 2 immediate risks on waiting: 1) this leaks, and we look indecisive; 2) Israel takes an action first – or Gaza cease fire falls apart – and we don’t get to start this on our own terms. We can manage both.

“We are prepared to execute, and if I had final go or no go vote, I believe we should. This [is] not about the Houthis. I see it as two things: 1) Restoring Freedom of Navigation, a core national interest; and 2) Reestablish deterrence, which Biden cratered. But, we can easily pause. And if we do, I will do all we can to enforce 100% OPSEC – operations security.

“I welcome other thoughts.”

Teaser for explainer on what was said in leaked war plans group chat

Later in the conversation, Mr Waltz criticised the limited capabilities of European navies, writing: “Whether it’s now or several weeks from now, it will have to be the United States that reopens these shipping lanes. Per the president’s request we are working with DOD and State to determine how to compile the cost associated and levy them on the Europeans.”

Mr Vance addressed Mr Hegseth in a message reading: “If you think we should do it let’s go. I just hate bailing Europe out again.”

Mr Hegseth replied: “VP: I fully share your loathing of European free-loading. It’s PATHETIC. But Mike is correct, we are the only ones on the planet (on our side of the ledger) who can do this. Nobody else even close. Question is timing. I feel like now is as good a time as any, given POTUS directive to reopen shipping lanes. I think we should go; but POTUS still retains 24 hours of decision space.”

An account believed to be the deputy White House chief of staff, Stephen Miller, then said: “As I heard it, the president was clear: green light, but we soon make clear to Egypt and Europe what we expect in return. We also need to figure out how to enforce such a requirement. EG, if Europe doesn’t remunerate, then what? If the US successfully restores freedom of navigation at great cost there needs to be some further economic gain extracted in return.”

This was followed by the last text of the day, from Mr Hegseth, who wrote at 9.46am: “Agree.”

Saturday 15 March

At 11.44am, Mr Hegseth posted in Signal a “TEAM UPDATE”.

The Atlantic initially opted not to share what the update said, with Mr Goldberg writing in his article: “The information contained in them, if they had been read by an adversary of the United States, could conceivably have been used to harm American military and intelligence personnel, particularly in the broader Middle East, Central Command’s area of responsibility.”

But in a follow-up article published on Wednesday, The Atlantic shared more of the conversation from Saturday, including the team update.

It came after the White House had sought to downplay the leak of information about plans to strike Houthi rebels in Yemen – saying no classified information had been disclosed.

The text under Mr Hegseth’s “TEAM UPDATE” message read: “TIME NOW (1144et): Weather is FAVORABLE. Just CONFIRMED w/CENTCOM [Centcom – or Central Command – is the military’s combatant command for the Middle East] we are a GO for mission launch.”

The text continued: “1215et: F-18s LAUNCH (1st strike package).

“1345: ‘Trigger Based’ F-18 1st Strike Window Starts (Target Terrorist is @ his Known Location so SHOULD BE ON TIME – also, Strike Drones Launch (MQ-9s)”.

Further texts by the Pentagon chief followed, the magazine reported: “1410: More F-18s LAUNCH (2nd strike package)”.

“1415: Strike Drones on Target (THIS IS WHEN THE FIRST BOMBS WILL DEFINITELY DROP, pending earlier ‘Trigger Based’ targets).”

He also wrote: “1536 F-18 2nd Strike Starts – also, first sea-based Tomahawks launched.” And then: “MORE TO FOLLOW (per timeline)”.

“We are currently clean on OPSEC” (operational security), he added.

“Godspeed to our Warriors.”

Mr Goldberg said the only person to respond to Mr Hegseth was Mr Vance, who wrote: “I will say a prayer for victory”, along with two prayer emojis.

He said it was at this point that he sat in his car in a supermarket car park, waiting to see if Houthi targets would be bombed.

Pic: The Atlantic
Image:
Pic: The Atlantic

At 1.48pm, Mr Waltz provided an update, which Mr Goldberg initially did not quote in full.

But in the second article, The Atlantic shared the message, which contained real-time intelligence about conditions at an attack site, apparently in Sanaa, Yemen’s capital city.

It read: “VP. Building collapsed. Had multiple positive ID. Pete, Kurilla, the IC, amazing job.”

The Atlantic reported that Mr Waltz was referring to Mr Hegseth, General Michael E. Kurilla, the commander of Central Command and the intelligence community, or IC.

It said the reference to “multiple positive ID” suggested that US intelligence had confirmed the identities of the Houthi target, or targets.

At 1.54pm, Mr Vance responded to Mr Waltz’s message saying “What?” – apparently confused by its contents.

Mr Goldberg said it was at around 1.55pm that he went on X and searched Yemen, and saw reports of explosions being heard across Sanaa.

At 2pm, Mr Waltz responded on the group saying: “Typing too fast. The first target – their top missile guy – we had positive ID of him walking into his girlfriend’s building and it’s now collapsed.”

A minute later, Mr Vance wrote back: “Excellent”.

35 minutes after, John Ratcliffe wrote: “A good start.”

Mr Goldberg said Mr Waltz responded with three emojis: a fist, an American flag and fire.

Later that afternoon, Mr Hegseth posted: “CENTCOM was/is on point. Great job all. More strikes ongoing for hours tonight, and will provide full initial report tomorrow. But on time, on target, and good readouts so far.”

Others soon joined in, including Mr Rubio, who wrote, “Good Job Pete and your team!!,” and Susie Wiles, who texted: “Kudos to all – most particularly those in theater and CENTCOM! Really great. God bless.”

Mr Witkoff responded with five emojis: two hands-praying, a flexed bicep, and two American flags.

Tulsi Gabbard responded: “Great work and effects!”

Mr Goldberg said the after-action discussion included assessments of damage done, including the likely death of a specific individual – he did not say who.

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