This week government figures are likely to show the prison population back to where it was before the last early release scheme.
But even though hundreds of prisoners have served only 40% of their sentences, there is a cohort of the prison population who have served extended sentences, years beyond their minimum term.
IPP sentences (imprisonment for public protection) were introduced in 2005 and abolished in 2012. But the law wasn’t backdated, so the legacy of prisoners serving indefinite sentences continues.
Image: Andy Logan, 45, from Kent, has had two IPPs
“It’s broken me as a man,” says Andy Logan. The burly 45-year-old from Kent has spent most of the last 20 years in jail on an IPP sentence, now he won’t leave home without his mother.
“I don’t go out, I’ve got no social circle,” he says. “I’m not in no family photographs, it’s like Back To The Future when he gets erased from the photos, I’m not there. I’m a ghost – I’ve been a ghost for 20 years.”
He was given IPP sentences twice, for two cashpoint robberies where he showed his victims a knife but didn’t use it. The minimum terms for each crime were two-and-a-half years and three years, but each time he spent far longer behind bars, the first time four years, then seven years. But that wasn’t the end of it.
After his release, Andy’s IPP hung over him. He could be recalled for any misdemeanour, including drinking too much alcohol, taking drugs, or missing probation appointments.
Over the next eight years he was recalled six times and would spend months behind bars waiting for a decision. His recall prison time alone has amounted to nearly four years. Twice the recalls were later deemed “unjustified”.
Image: Andy is so fearful of recall, he doesn’t go out without his mother
“I started my sentence with people who murdered people – and some of them got out before me,” says Andy.
“I lost all hope. I thought I’d never get out. I took drugs for four years. I exploded in weight. Self-harm started happening and I’d never self-harmed in my life.”
Andy lifts up his sleeve to reveal a red scar. “That one, I nearly did the artery on my last recall. I was just so frustrated I wanted to die.”
His lawyer Catherine Bond says he was often recalled for minor breaches.
She said: “One was in 2020 – Andy does struggle with alcohol addiction. He had started drinking more at that point.
“He kept his probation officer informed, but his probation officer recalled him anyway, and the parole board found the recall was unjustified because although there was alcohol use, that doesn’t necessarily equate to any increased risk.”
Image: Andy’s mother holds a picture of him as a child
Each IPP recall is ‘re-traumatising’
Ms Bond says the recalls have damaged Andy’s mental health.
“Each time you go back in there you don’t know when you are going to get back out so the whole process is re-traumatising, and I think it can make it more difficult for people to resettle when they get back out so each recall can increase the risk of further recalls,” she said.
But she also has IPP clients who’ve never been released – one jailed in 2005.
“It was a robbery – threat of violence. I’m not minimising that in any way but 20 years on it’s totally disproportionate and these are people’s lives,” she said.
“Of course, they’ve done something wrong but effectively it is the misfortune of having committed an offence at a particular time… meant they are in prison for this excessive amount of time.”
The number of unreleased prisoners on IPP has fallen from 5,000 in 2015 to 1,180 in early 2024. Around 700 of those have served 10 years longer than their minimum term.
Image: Source: His Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service
The number recalled is rising with over 1,600 currently back in jail, mostly for licence breaches. The average time spent imprisoned on recall has risen dramatically from 11 months to around 26 months.
Andy is so fearful of recall, he doesn’t go out without his mother Betty. As Betty drives him to meet his probation officer, he says: “What if someone takes a dislike to me and says ‘who are you looking at?’ and makes an allegation against me – I’m in prison. So, I’m just terrified.”
Image: Andy’s mother Betty
But Andy hopes this could be one of his last visits to probation. Until recently, any IPP prisoner would have to wait at least 10 years after their release from prison before their licence could even be considered for removal by a parole board – but in February this year that time period was reduced to three years. For Andy that means in the next few months he could finally get off it.
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3:24
February: Prison recall population at record level
A Ministry of Justice (MoJ) spokesperson said: “It is right that IPP sentences were abolished. With public protection as the number one priority, the lord chancellor is working with organisations and campaign groups to ensure appropriate action is taken to support those still serving these sentences, such as improved access to mental health support and rehabilitation programmes.
“An independent report from His Majesty’s Inspectorate of Prisons found the majority of recall decisions were necessary to keep our streets safe. However, to avoid waiting unnecessarily for parole board hearings, eligible IPP prisoners can now be considered for release earlier after a thorough risk assessment.”
The prison population is bursting and is set to run out of space within a year according to internal forecasts from the MoJ. But some of those taking up space – probably shouldn’t still be there.
It was a sunny morning in June 2023 as news broke that a major incident had been declared in Nottingham. As the hours went by it emerged three people had been stabbed.
Students Barnaby Webber and Grace O’Malley-Kumar had been walking home from a night out when they were fatally attacked. School caretaker Ian Coates was heading into work when he was killed.
Across the city, Delvin Marriott was following the news in horror. “I just had a sinking feeling – emptiness – I felt devastated,” he says. “You know, the Nottingham attacks wouldn’t have happened if they listened to us. It wouldn’t have happened.”
He says he knew instinctively that the killer of Barnaby, Grace, and Ian would turn out to be a mental health patient and blames the loss of his brother on the same system that allowed paranoid schizophrenic Valdo Calocane to be out on the streets armed with a knife.
Image: Left to right: Grace O’Malley-Kumar, Barnaby Webber, and Ian Coates
Ten months earlier, in August 2022, 58-year-old Brenton Marriott had been killed by his son.
Image: Rudi Marriott (right) did not receive any mental health support until after he stabbed his father Brenton (left) to death
Rudi Marriott stabbed his father 75 times in a frenzied attack at home in Nottingham.
The family says they had repeatedly called the police and mental health services about Rudi’s violence but their warnings were ignored.
Over a decade earlier, as a teenager Rudi had been attacked with a baseball bat, leading to a bleed on the brain. His family says after that he began hearing voices and grew increasingly violent. As his health deteriorated he believed he had a microchip in his head that was controlling him.
“I knew he was dangerous, I was living with him,” says his mother Juliette, who recalls barricading her bedroom door when she could hear him having a psychotic episode.
Image: Rudi suffered a bleed on the brain when he was attacked with a baseball bat as a teenager
The family called the police on many occasions. “We would phone the police hoping the mental health service would come with them, hoping that this is an opportunity for him to be assessed and receive the help that he needs,” Juliette says.
“That was the main reason for phoning the police – not to have him arrested, but for the assessment to happen.”
They say they repeatedly questioned why he wasn’t being sectioned. Rudi’s sister Charise says she once asked a mental health nurse: “Is it going to take him to kill someone for something to be done?”
But none of their warnings were heeded. Rudi didn’t receive any mental health support until after he stabbed his father to death. He later received a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia.
Image: Brenton was desperate to help his son who up until his illness was very loving, their family says
‘I lost my best friend and my son’
Juliette breaks down as she reflects on the double tragedy. “I’m devastated because I’ve lost two of them. Lost his dad – he was my best friend for 35 years, my best friend. And I’ve lost my son, who up until his illness was very loving.”
Rudi was sentenced to a hospital order. A domestic homicide review is examining what more the authorities could have done.
Delvin says his brother Brenton was just desperate to help Rudi. “Brenton in my eyes is a hero,” he says. “If he wasn’t doing what he was doing, that could have been anybody that Rudi attacked. He could have gone out and gone on a frenzied attack.”
A recent NHS report found that in the four years before Calocane carried out his attacks there were 15 incidents of patients either under the current care of the Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust or who had been discharged perpetrating serious violence towards members of the community. Most of the incidents involved stabbings and three cases resulted in fatalities.
Neil Hudgell, a lawyer representing the families, says the public inquiry due to begin into the deaths of the Nottingham attack victims needs to ensure the trust is held accountable for failings.
“I think we’ve seen tragic story after tragic story where patients, their families, and victims have been let down,” he says.
“We need to get to the bottom of why that happened, who’s responsible for that and to have some genuine change.”
Delvin says his family feels “failed by the NHS, by the police, by the mental health service”.
Image: Delvin Marriott (right) has described his brother Brenton (left) as ‘a hero’
Ifti Majid, chief executive of Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trus, said: “Any loss of life in such circumstances is an absolute tragedy, and on behalf of the trust I again offer my sincerest condolences to Brenton’s family and friends.”
Nottinghamshire Police told Sky News “our thoughts remain with all family members affected by this tragic incident”, adding that they are fully participating in the domestic homicide review.
Delvin describes the failure to deal with the mental health crisis as “a ticking timebomb, waiting for another disaster”.
Juliette agrees. “This is a real epidemic,” she says. “And as a result of the broken system the public are at risk. Everybody’s at risk.”
Labour faces a major challenge from its own backbenchers ahead of an announcement to restrict some sickness and disability benefits.
The plans are likely to be opposed by those in the party who are concerned about attempts to slash the ballooning welfare bill and encourage adults back to work.
Work and Pensions Secretary Liz Kendall is expected to set out the reforms on Tuesday, but details of where those cuts could fall is proving highly divisive within Labour.
Total welfare spending in 2023-23 was about £296bn, by the end of the decade it is forecast to reach almost £378bn.
The chancellor needs to find savings to meet her strict fiscal rules and Rachel Reeves has previously insisted “we do need to get a grip” on the welfare budget.
One proposal reportedly under consideration is to save around £5bn by freezing or tightening the rules around the personal independence payment (PIP).
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But Labour’s Mayor of Greater Manchester Andy Burnham, a former Labour health secretary, has “urged great caution on how changes are made” although, writing in The Times, he accepts “the benefits system needs a radical overhaul”.
“I would share concerns about changing support and eligibility to benefits while leaving the current top-down system broadly in place. It would trap too many people in poverty,” he added.
Health Secretary Wes Streeting argued on Sunday Morning With Trevor Phillips that the current system is “unsustainable” and welfare reforms are needed. He also said mental health conditions are often overdiagnosed.
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0:45
‘1,000 people every day signing on to PIP benefits’
PIP is a payment of up to £9,000 a year for people with long-term physical and mental health conditions.
Campaigner Steve Morris is one of those 3.6 million PIP claimants and says freezing it at the current level would make his life much harder.
Image: Steve Morris claims PIP and is worried about what reforming the benefit could mean for him
“I’m deafblind. PIP makes a huge difference to my life. It enables me to, afford some of the additional costs that are associated with my disability.
“For so many disabled people benefits are a lifeline. So to hear that lifeline might be taken away or severely restricted is hugely concerning.”
Liz Kendall told The Sunday Times it was an “absolute principle” to protect welfare payments for people unable to work. “For those who absolutely cannot work, this is not about that,” she said.
But she said the number of people on PIP is set to more than double this decade, partly driven by younger people.
Sky’s political correspondent Liz Bates said the government had been expected to announce a detailed plan over welfare spending last week.
“This particular issue of PIPs stopped that plan being announced because of the strength of backlash… from the backbenches all the way up to cabinet level.”
She added that talks were going on behind the scenes about whether the policy could be softened in some way, although it was unlikely reforms could be avoided completely ahead of the spring statement on 26 March.
“Could there be a bit of backtracking from Number 10 and from the department? This is what we’re going to find out on Tuesday. There is, of course, a lot of pressure coming from the chancellor.”
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3:05
Welfare system ‘letting people down’
Labour is also aiming to tackle economic inactivity – especially among those under 35 – with an increasing proportion out of work due to long-term sickness.
A recent PwC report warns “a significant proportion of working adults are close to becoming economically inactive” and ill-health “is a major driver”.
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The poll of 4,000 people shows 10% of the workforce are currently actively considering leaving work, and not just their current role.
That rises to 37% of those aged 18-24, who say they have either seriously considered leaving work in the last year, or are actively considering doing so now.
While the factors are complex and vary by age, the report reflects mental health is a major concern with 42% of 18-24 year-olds citing it as the biggest reason to leave work.
Image: Backbench Labour MPs are concerned welfare reforms will harm vulnerable people claiming benefits. File pic: PA
On Sunday, Ms Kendall teased one policy announcement to attract people back to work, effectively giving disabled people the right to try employment without the risk of losing their benefits.
The so-called “right to try guarantee” aims to prevent those people who receive health-related benefits from having their entitlements automatically re-assessed if they enter employment.
The Conservatives support welfare reform but claim Labour is “divided” over the issue and “cannot deliver the decisive change we need”.
Shadow work and pensions secretary Helen Whately said: “The government’s dithering and delay is costing taxpayers millions every day and failing the people who rely on the welfare system.”
Two teenagers have died and another is fighting for his life after a late night car crash in Shropshire.
A collision involving a silver Audi A1 occurred shortly before 11.15pm on Friday in Offoxey Road, Tong – near the town of Shifnal, West Mercia Police said.
It has since been confirmed an 18-year-old man was pronounced dead at the scene, while a 17-year-old boy died in hospital.
Another 17-year-old boy is still being treated in hospital and is in a critical condition after sustaining life-threatening injuries in the crash.
A fourth, also a 17-year-old boy, sustained what has been described as “life-changing” injuries but is in a stable condition, police said.
“Officers investigating the collision are continuing to appeal for anyone who may have information about the incident to get in touch,” a police spokesperson said.
Anyone with information is footage is asked to contact DC Rich Owen on 07814773916 or SCIUNorth@westmercia.police.uk quoting incident number 554 of 14 March