‘The system just doesn’t work’: More children than ever are not in school, report finds, with more than 11 million lost days
A new report has found more children than ever are not in school, with the number of lost days of learning up nearly 70% in five years.
It is the most vulnerable children who skip school, are excluded, or simply disappear from education.
The analysis found that children lost 6.8 million days of learning in the autumn term before the COVID pandemic (2019/20) due to suspensions and absences, but the figure was 11.5 million days in the same period in 2023/24.
The report by the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) and education charity The Difference also found for every child that is permanently excluded, 10 other children experience an “invisible” move that is not recorded in national data or overseen by local authorities or trusts.
A report has found more children than ever are not in school – with ‘invisible’ moves not recorded in national data
This includes “managed moves” – which are informal agreements between schools – as well as the illegal practice of off-rolling.
The report says: “One-third of children who experience one of these hidden moves goes to an unknown destination – meaning the Department for Education has no idea where or whether they are still being schooled.”
Sky News spoke to Gary Johns, from east London, who left school at the age of 14 and never went back. He decided to walk out after spending days in “isolation” being punished for bad behaviour.
Gary Johns left school aged 14 after spending days in ‘isolation’ being punished for bad behaviour.
He said: “It was like a caravan in the school grounds. You stay there all day long and they bring your lunch and food to you.
“You are not allowed to move from the desk unless you want to go to the toilet, where you can only go to the toilet from break and lunch – other than that you are there the whole day.”
Gary was out of education for a year and says he was not offered alternative options for education.
A mentor from the charity CAPE eventually got through to him by knocking on his door every day and urging him to go to the gym to build his confidence. Now aged 17, he is taking a carpentry course.
Now 17, Gary said he was never offered alternate education – is he’s now taking a carpentry course
Hussein Hussein from CAPE Mentors said many schools try to avoid taking on children who have been excluded from somewhere else.
He said: “The system just doesn’t work at the moment. We are in England, we should be saying ‘kids go to school.’ But the reality is ‘oh no they’ve been out so long we’ve got our GCSE results that’s not a risk I’m willing to take.’
“And the schools are smart, they are not going to say that. Instead, it’s ‘we don’t think it’s in the kid’s best interest’ – which is a load of nonsense. It is in every kid’s interest to be in school.”
‘The system just doesn’t work at the moment,’ Hussein Hussein says
Taejon Joseph-Andrews, 15-years-old, is in a pupil referral unit called the Haringey Learning Partnership.
In the space of two years, he was excluded from one school and managed out of three others.
He says his behaviour was triggered by grief which the schools failed to understand.
Taejon says ‘they were just looking at my record and judging me… I don’t think that’s fair’
He said: “They were just looking at my record and judging me based on my record and I don’t think that’s fair, especially when you don’t know what that child’s been through.
“I lost my nan – that was hard for me. I was staying with her as well, and she’d always been there for me.
“Losing someone as important as that – it just drove me crazy.”
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
Where are excluded students now?
Taejon says at a time when he was having to feed and clothe himself, he was ‘on trial’ at various schools and being set targets he could not achieve.
But he believes with the help of the Haringey Learning Partnership he will be able to get back into mainstream education by year 11 and take his GCSEs.
Taejon Joseph-Andrews, 15, was excluded from one school and managed out of three others in just two years
The report calls on the government to introduce legislation to monitor whenever a child is moved out of their school, “to make sure we know where – and whether – our most vulnerable children are being educated.”
It also wants to improve the admissions practices of schools to ensure they do not avoid taking in disadvantaged children.
Read more:
Headteachers ‘receive murder threats’ by pupils’ parents
Police called to primary school after pupil caught with knife
It suggests that an investment of £850m for inclusion would support half a million children, reduce lost learning and ultimately pay for itself.
Kiran Gill told Sky News ‘for every permanently excluded child, we’ve got 10 more who are invisibly moving around the system’
Kiran Gill from The Difference told Sky News: “For every permanently excluded child we know they are going to cost the state at least £170,000 because they are going to struggle to access work, we will lose tax receipts, we are going to have higher benefits expenditure.
“But that’s just the kids we know about. For every permanently excluded child, we’ve got 10 more who are invisibly moving around the system.”
Hundreds of UK online safety workers at TikTok have already signed agreements to leave the company, whistleblowers have told Sky News, despite the firm stressing to MPs that the cuts were “still proposals only”.
More than 400 online safety workers have agreed to leave the social media company, with only five left in consultation, Sky News understands.
“[The workers have] signed a mutual termination agreement, a legally binding contract,” said John Chadfield, national officer for the Communication Workers’ Union.
“They’ve handed laptops in, they’ve handed passes in, they’ve been told not to come to the office. That’s no longer a proposal, that’s a foregone conclusion. That’s a plan that’s been executed.”
Moderators gathered to protest the redundancies
In August, TikTok announced a round of mass layoffs to its Trust and Safety teams.
“Everyone in Trust and Safety” was emailed, said Lucy, a moderator speaking on condition of anonymity for legal reasons.
After a mandatory 45-day consultation period, the teams were then sent “mutual termination agreements” to sign by 31 October.
Sky News has seen correspondence from TikTok to the employees telling them to sign by that date.
“We had to sign it before the 31st if we wanted the better deal,” said Lucy, who had worked for TikTok for years.
“If we signed it afterwards, that diminished the benefits that we get.”
Three former moderators at TikTok have spoken to Sky News on camera
Despite hundreds of moderators signing the termination contracts by 31 October, Ali Law, TikTok’s director of public policy and government affairs for northern Europe, said to MPs in a letter on 7 November: “It is important to stress the cuts remain proposals only.”
“We continue to engage directly with potentially affected team members,” he said in a letter to Dame Chi Onwurah, chair of the science, innovation and technology committee.
After signing the termination contracts, the employees say they were asked to hand in their laptops and had access to their work systems revoked. They were put on gardening leave until 30 December.
“We really felt like we were doing something good,” said Saskia, a moderator also speaking under anonymity.
“You felt like you had a purpose, and now, you’re the first one to get let go.”
TikTok moderators and union workers protested outside the company’s London headquarters in September
A TikTok worker not affected by the job cuts confirmed to Sky News that all of the affected Trust and Safety employees “are now logged out of the system”.
“Workers and the wider public are rightly concerned about these job cuts that impact safety online,” said the TUC’s general secretary, Paul Nowak.
“But TikTok seem to be obscuring the reality of job cuts to MPs. TikTok need to come clean and clarify how many vital content moderators’ roles have gone.
“The select committee must do everything to get to the bottom of the social media giant’s claims, the wider issues of AI moderation, and ensure that other workers in the UK don’t lose their jobs to untested, unsafe and unregulated AI systems.”
Moderators and union representatives outside TikTok’s offices
What TikTok has said about the job cuts
In an interview with Sky News on 18 November, Mr Law again called the cuts “proposals”.
When asked if the cuts were in fact a plan that had already been executed, Mr Law said there was “limited amounts” he could directly comment on.
TikTok told us: “It is entirely right that we follow UK employment law, including when consultations remained ongoing for some employees and roles were still under proposal for removal.
“We have been open and transparent about the changes that were proposed, including in detailed public letters to the committee, and it is disingenuous to suggest otherwise.”
The three whistleblowers Sky News spoke to said they were concerned TikTok users would be put at risk by the cuts.
The company said it will increase the role of AI in its moderation, while maintaining some human safety workers, but one whistleblower said she didn’t think the AI was “ready”.
“People are getting new ideas and new trends are coming. AI cannot get this,” said Anna, a former moderator.
“Even now, with the things that it’s supposed to be ready to do, I don’t think it’s ready.”
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
Is TikTok improving safety with AI?
Lucy also said she thought the cuts would put users at risk.
“There are a lot of nuances in the language. AI cannot understand all the nuances,” she said.
“AI cannot differentiate some ironic comment or versus a real threat or bullying or of a lot of things that have to do with user safety, mainly of children and teenagers.”
TikTok has been asked by MPs for evidence that its safety rates – which are currently some of the best in the industry – will not worsen after these cuts.
The select committee says it has not produced that evidence, although TikTok insists safety will improve.
“[In its letter to MPs] TikTok refers to evidence showing that their proposed staffing cuts and changes will improve content moderation and fact-checking – but at no point do they present any credible data on this to us,” said Dame Chi earlier this month.
“It’s alarming that they aren’t offering us transparency over this information. Without it, how can we have any confidence whether these changes will safeguard users?”
Dame Chi Onwurah speaks at the House of Commons. File pic: Reuters
TikTok’s use of AI in moderation
In an exclusive interview with Sky News earlier this month, Mr Law said the new moderation model would mean TikTok can “approach moderation with a higher level of speed and consistency”.
He said: “Because, when you’re doing this from a human moderation perspective, there are trade-offs.
“If you want something to be as accurate as possible, you need to give the human moderator as much time as possible to make the right decision, and so you’re trading off speed and accuracy in a way that might prove harmful to people in terms of being able to see that content.
“You don’t have that with the deployment of AI.”
As well as increasing the role of AI in moderation, TikTok is reportedly offshoring jobs to agencies in other countries.
Sky News has spoken to multiple workers who confirmed they’d seen their jobs being advertised in other countries through third-party agencies, and has independently seen moderator job adverts in places like Lisbon.
John Chadfield, national officer for technology at the Communication Workers Union
“AI is a fantastic fig leaf. It’s a fig leaf for greed,” said Mr Chadfield. “In TikTok’s case, there’s a fundamental wish to not be an employer of a significant amount of staff.
“As the platform has grown, as it has grown to hundreds of millions of users, they have realised that the overhead to maintain a professional trust and safety division means hundreds of thousands of staff employed by TikTok.
“But they don’t want that. They see themselves as, you know, ‘We want specialists in the roles employed directly by TikTok and we’ll offshore and outsource the rest’.”
Mr Law told Sky News that TikTok is always focused “on outcomes”.
He said: “Our focus is on making sure the platform is as safe as possible.
“And we will make deployments of the most advanced technology in order to achieve that, working with the many thousands of trust and safety professionals that we will have at TikTok around the world on an ongoing basis.”
Asked specifically about the safety concerns raised by the whistleblowers, TikTok said: “As we have laid out in detail, this reorganisation of our global operating model for Trust and Safety will ensure we maximize effectiveness and speed in our moderation processes.
“We will continue to use a combination of technology and human teams to keep our users safe, and today over 85% of the content removed for violating our rules is identified and taken down by automated technologies.”
*All moderator names have been changed for legal reasons.
UK
Four mayoral elections to be postponed – as Labour accused of ‘scandalous attempt to subvert democracy’
Four mayoral elections due to take place in May 2026 are set to be postponed by two years, Sky News understands.
Elections for the new mayoralties of Essex, Hampshire and the Solent, Sussex and Brighton, and Norfolk and Suffolk will be pushed back until 2028.
The decision, first revealed by The Sun, is due to be announced by ministers on Thursday.
This is the second time elections are being delayed in these areas. Local elections due in May 2025 were delayed by then communities secretary Angela Rayner for a year in order to convert them into combined authorities led by mayors.
However, it is understood that these councils need more time to complete their reorganisation.
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
Will Tories and Reform unite?
The news has sparked accusations Labour are delaying the elections for political purposes.
Reform UK’s head of policy Zia Yusuf said: “This is a blatant attempt to stop big Reform wins next May.
“It’s an act of a desperate government who are clinging onto power by any means necessary.
“Labour has proven time and time again that they’re not beyond denying democracy to millions of people in order to maintain their cosy status quo.”
Pic: PA
The Tories’ shadow housing secretary James Cleverly said it was a “scandalous attempt to subvert democracy by a Labour government whose credibility and popularity are already in tatters”.
“The Conservatives firmly oppose this decision to delay the mayoral elections, especially when candidates have been selected and campaigning is well under way,” he added.
“Democracy is being denied yet again after the council elections cancelled by Labour this year.
“There is no credible justification for this move. The Labour government must reverse it immediately.”
Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player
Starmer denies misleading voters
The reorganisation is part of Labour’s manifesto commitment to widen devolution, which it argues will improve local economies.
The government wants to abolish the two-tier system of county and district councils and merge them together to create larger unitary authorities. It also wants more areas to have regional mayors, like Greater Manchester’s Andy Burnham.
Read more:
Tory-Reform pact talks ‘not happening at any level’
Reeves hit by Labour rebellion
Reform UK enjoyed success in the local elections in May, winning more than 600 seats and taking control of 10 councils stretching from Kent to County Durham. The party also toppled a 14,000-strong Labour majority in a parliamentary by-election.
The Liberal Democrats’ local government spokesperson Zoe Franklin called the postponed elections “a disgrace”.
“Democracy delayed is democracy denied,” she added. “We are fighting to end this blatant stitch up between Labour and the Conservatives over local elections.”
-
Sports2 years agoStory injured on diving stop, exits Red Sox game
-
Sports3 years ago‘Storybook stuff’: Inside the night Bryce Harper sent the Phillies to the World Series
-
Sports2 years agoGame 1 of WS least-watched in recorded history
-
Sports3 years agoButton battles heat exhaustion in NASCAR debut
-
Sports3 years agoMLB Rank 2023: Ranking baseball’s top 100 players
-
Sports4 years ago
Team Europe easily wins 4th straight Laver Cup
-
Environment3 years agoJapan and South Korea have a lot at stake in a free and open South China Sea
-
Environment1 year agoHere are the best electric bikes you can buy at every price level in October 2024