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During a strange publicly livestreamed “all-hands” meeting, Tesla CEO Elon Musk said once again that he’s working on a “Master Plan Part 4” for the company, which is currently on part 3 of its master plan. But the problem is, even part 2 is not yet complete.

Tesla’s “master plans” have guided the company for years, showing a general outline of what direction it plans to go.

The first installment of Tesla’s master plan was posted in 2006, titled “The Secret Tesla Motors Master Plan (just between you and me)” (it has since been deleted from the website).

The blog post was a tongue in cheek list of Tesla’s priorities for the future, with four steps laid out:

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  1. Build sports car.
  2. Use that money to build an affordable car.
  3. Use that money to build an even more affordable car.
  4. While doing above, also provide zero-emission electric power generation options.

Tesla managed to finish all of those steps, by releasing the Roadster, Model S, and Model 3. It also purchased SolarCity and sells solar panel installations today, so, job completed. And completed quite well, considering Tesla was nothing in 2006 and hadn’t sold a single car, and is now a global powerhouse changing the entire auto industry.

Ten years after that original blog post, the “plan” was updated in 2016 with “Master Plan, Part Deux” (which has also since been deleted from the website). That plan was summarized as:

  1. Create stunning solar roofs with seamlessly integrated battery storage
  2. Expand the electric vehicle product line to address all major segments
  3. Develop a self-driving capability that is 10X safer than manual via massive fleet learning
  4. Enable your car to make money for you when you aren’t using it

This plan has not been quite as successful as the original secret master plan.

A progress check on master plan part 2

First, Tesla’s “solar roof” business has turned more into the company providing solar panel systems to independent installers. These are integrated well through software with Tesla’s Powerwall system (and additional features like Virtual Power Plants, Storm Watch, and so on). But Tesla’s solar roof project didn’t quite turn out as planned – it’s a single design instead of the four designs originally promised, and deployment of that design was… rocky, to say the least.

Second, Tesla has expanded its product line to cover two (or three) more segments: mid-size SUVs, with the Model Y; something kinda sorta approximating a truck, with the Cybertruck; and heavy trucking, with the Tesla Semi.

These are the “major” segments it said it would address in the blog post, so they get partial credit there – except that the Semi is still yet to reach any significant volume numbers, and Tesla has not released a promised “high passenger-density urban transport” (the closest thing there is the recently-announced Robovan, which is absolutely nowhere near production).

Third, Tesla has not successfully deployed self-driving capability that is 10X safer, even by its own numbers. Tesla’s Autopilot Safety Report, which the company only occasionally releases, says that Autopilot is a bit more than 5X safer than a human – but this comes with the caveat that the system will typically spend more time activated in situations where it’s more capable, and drivers will choose to take over when they think the system isn’t going to be able to do something.

Tesla doesn’t publicize data on how much safer FSD is than human drivers, rather referring to “miles between critical disengagement” and other moving goalposts.

So those are three steps which haven’t really gotten finished, but, we can perhaps give some credit for movement in the direction of each of them.

The fourth step, however, has simply not happened. This referred to an idea which at the time was called “Tesla Network,” which was supposed to be a ride-hailing app that Tesla owners could send their cars out to make money with – and the source of Musk’s “appreciating asset” comments.

Not only has that not happened, but even autonomy has not happened. Tesla FSD is still level 2, and while it claims it will have level 4 capable vehicles this year in Austin, we’ve yet to see that.

So, partial credit for master plan part 2, but we’re still in progress.

Part 3 goes in another direction, is huge in scope

After that, Tesla released Master Plan Part 3 in 2023, an entirely different sort of document than the last two. Instead of just being a snarky blog post, this was a 40-page white paper with calculations showing that the world could transition to renewable energy and solve climate change with the resources and technology available to us today.

It’s an interesting read, and despite the weird analogues to Musk’s personal beliefs about population growth, the calculations, while optimistic and self-serving for an EV/sustainable tech company, do make sense. It lays out the case about how to transition the entire world to sustainability, and I think it does so pretty persuasively. I’ve recommended it to many as a way to lay out the potential green transition.

…But, clearly, that has not happened yet either.

Musk drops hints at Tesla Master Plan 4

Then, with two plans still in progress, and only a bit more than a year after unveiling the third part, Musk announced last June that he is “working on Tesla Master Plan 4.”

Nine months later, we’ve yet to hear more details about that idea, but today during his presentation, he did refer back to it again.

Today, he was asked a question by one of the… uh… employees? assembled for his… uh… all-hands meeting/stock pumping livestream?, and the question went thusly (the question was hard to hear, so here’s the meat of it):

“What phase of the plan are we in and how long will it go?”

To which Musk responded:

“We’re at phase 3 of the master plan, since master plan 1 and 2 have been completed. Now, master plan part 3 is a very long master plan, because it’s basically making all energy on earth sustainable. And I actually need to supplement it with the, sort of, ‘abundance for all.’ Maybe thats master plan 4. I’ve kinda described master plan 4 essentially. Which is autonomous cars, autonomous humanoid robots, combine that with solar and battery storage, and I think the future’s gonna be incredible.”

So, we now have an idea of what Musk thinks master plan part 4 will be, at least, which is similar to what Electrek’s Fred Lambert predicted it would be back in June: robots and self-driving.

Electrek’s Take

But what about them? We know this is what Musk has been talking about recently, and a lot of those ideas haven’t really turned out – at least not yet.

First of all, we already know about the solar and battery storage, and the autonomous cars. Those were in previous parts of the master plan, and Musk has been promising them next year for ten years, so there’s nothing new there.

In particular, the autonomous car reaches all the way back to part 2, initiated in 2016, and is still incomplete – despite Musk’s incorrect statement today saying that it has been completed. This either suggests he doesn’t know what is going on with his company, or he’s lying. Neither is a great option.

And robots, the only new portion of the proposed master plan part 4, are definitely not quite what they’re cracked up to be – yet, at least. But that’s the point of a master plan, to start heading in that direction, not to already be there – so, fair enough.

But are Musk’s predictions about robotics realistic?

Musk has also stated that humanoid robots will be worth $20-30 trillion to Tesla’s market cap, because everyone in the world will have two personal robots. This seems unlikely on its face, but especially so when Musk says that AGI – Artificial General Intelligence, where a single computer is capable of accomplishing all the same tasks as a human – is coming this year.

Beyond AGI, Musk has claimed that Tesla will change the world in several other ways this year, but thats quite a packed release schedule given Tesla’s recent history (and its leadership’s current distractions and anti-sustainability actions). Musk is known for overpromising, and this feels like another example of such.

The idea that Tesla, a car company, will somehow be the first in the world to accomplish AGI, scaling humanoid robots to the point where everyone in the world can have two, alongside everything else, and on such a short timeline, seems unlikely.

It seems perhaps a little more likely that this meeting, and a potential part 4 of the plan, are both an attempt to reframe the current conversation about Tesla, which is quite negative as sales drop drastically amid Musk’s meddling in anti-sustainability and white supremacist politics.


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‘Bitcoin Family’ hides crypto codes etched onto metal cards on four continents after recent kidnappings

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'Bitcoin Family' hides crypto codes etched onto metal cards on four continents after recent kidnappings

The Taihuttus on a ski trip to Sierra Nevada in southern Spain. They sold everything they owned in 2017 to bet on bitcoin — and now travel full-time as a family of five.

Didi Taihuttu

A wave of high-profile kidnappings targeting cryptocurrency executives has rattled the industry — and prompted a quiet security revolution among some of its most visible evangelists.

Didi Taihuttu, patriarch of the so-called “Bitcoin Family,” said he overhauled the family’s entire security setup after a string of threats.

The Taihuttus — who sold everything they owned in 2017, from their house to their shoes, to go all-in on bitcoin when it was trading around $900 — have long lived on the outer edge of crypto ideology. They travel full-time with their three daughters and remain entirely unbanked.

Over the past eight months, he said, the family ditched hardware wallets in favor of a hybrid system: Part analog, part digital, with seed phrases encrypted, split, and stored either through blockchain-based encryption services or hidden across four continents.

“We have changed everything,” Taihuttu told CNBC on a call from Phuket, Thailand. “Even if someone held me at gunpoint, I can’t give them more than what’s on my wallet on my phone. And that’s not a lot.”

CNBC first reported on the family’s unconventional storage system in 2022, when Taihuttu described hiding hardware wallets across multiple continents — in places ranging from rental apartments in Europe to self-storage units in South America.

The Taihuttu family dressed up for Halloween in Phuket, Thailand, where they recently moved homes after receiving disturbing messages pinpointing their location from YouTube videos.

Didi Taihuttu

As physical attacks on crypto holders become more frequent, even they are rethinking their exposure.

This week, Moroccan police arrested a 24-year-old suspected of orchestrating a series of brutal kidnappings targeting crypto executives.

One victim, the father of a crypto millionaire, was allegedly held for days in a house south of Paris — and reportedly had a finger severed during the ordeal.

In a separate case earlier this year, a co-founder of French wallet firm Ledger and his wife were abducted from their home in central France in a ransom scheme that also targeted another Ledger executive.

Last month in New York, authorities said, a 28-year-old Italian tourist was kidnapped and tortured for 17 days in a Manhattan apartment by attackers trying to extract his bitcoin password — shocking him with wires, beating him with a gun, and strapping an Apple AirTag around his neck to track his movements.

The common thread: The pursuit of crypto credentials that enable instant, irreversible transfers of virtual assets.

Exodus CEO: U.S. buying bitcoin would be a global signal — but taxpayers shouldn’t foot the bill

“It is definitely frightening to see a lot of these kidnappings happen,” said JP Richardson, CEO of crypto wallet company Exodus. He urged users to take security into their own hands by choosing self-custody, storing larger sums on hardware wallets, and — for those holding significant assets — exploring multi-signature wallets, a setup typically used by institutions.

Richardson also recommended spreading funds across different wallet types and avoiding large balances in hot wallets to reduce risk without sacrificing flexibility.

That rising sense of vulnerability is fueling a new demand for physical protection with insurance firms now racing to offer kidnap and ransom (K&R) policies tailored to crypto holders.

But Taihuttu isn’t waiting for corporate solutions. He’s opted for complete decentralization — of not just his finances, but his personal risk profile.

As the family prepares to return to Europe from Thailand, safety has become a constant topic of conversation.

“We’ve been talking about it a lot as a family,” Taihuttu said. “My kids read the news, too — especially that story in France, where the daughter of a CEO was almost kidnapped on the street.”

Now, he said, his daughters are asking difficult questions: What if someone tries to kidnap us? What’s the plan?

One of the steel plates the Taihuttu family uses to store part of their bitcoin seed phrase. Didi etched it by hand using a hammer and letter punch — part of a decentralized storage system spread across four continents.

Didi Taihuttu

Though the girls carry only small amounts of crypto in their personal wallets, the family has decided to avoid France entirely.

“We got a little bit famous in a niche market — but that niche is becoming a really big market now,” Taihuttu said. “And I think we’ll see more and more of these robberies. So yeah, we’re definitely going to skip France.”

Even in Thailand, Taihuttu recently stopped posting travel updates and filming at home after receiving disturbing messages from strangers who claimed to have identified his location from YouTube vlogs.

“We stayed in a very beautiful house for six months — then I started getting emails from people who figured out which house it was. They warned me to be careful, told me not to leave my kids alone,” he said. “So we moved. And now we don’t film anything at all.”

“It’s a strange world at the moment,” he said. “So we’re taking our own precautions — and when it comes to wallets, we’re now completely hardware wallet-less. We don’t use any hardware wallets anymore.”

To throw off would-be attackers, Didi Taihuttu encrypts select words from each 24-word seed phrase — then splits the phrases into four sets of six and hides them around the world.

Didi Taihuttu

The family’s new system involves splitting a single 24-word bitcoin seed phrase — the cryptographic key that unlocks access to their crypto holdings — into four sets of six words, each stored in a different geographic location. Some are kept digitally through blockchain-based encryption platforms, while others are etched by hand into fireproof steel plates using a hammer and letter punch, then hidden in physical locations across four continents.

“Even if someone finds 18 of the 24 words, they can’t do anything,” Taihuttu explained.

On top of that, he’s added a layer of personal encryption, swapping out select words to throw off would-be attackers. The method is simple, but effective.

“You only need to remember which ones you changed,” he said.

Part of the reason for ditching hardware wallets, Taihuttu said, was a growing mistrust of third-party devices. Concerns about backdoors and remote access features — including a controversial update by Ledger in 2023 — prompted the family to abandon physical hardware altogether in favor of encrypted paper and steel backups.

While the family still holds some crypto in “hot” wallets — for daily spending or to run their algorithmic trading strategy — those funds are protected by multi-signature approvals, which require multiple parties to sign off before a transaction can be executed.

The Taihuttus use Safe — formerly Gnosis Safe — for ether and other altcoins, and similarly layered setups for bitcoin stored on centralized platforms like Bybit.

Didi Taihuttu during a recent visit to Sierra Nevada, Spain. The family’s lifestyle — unbanked, nomadic, and all-in on bitcoin — makes them outliers even in the crypto world.

Didi Taihuttu

About 65% of the family’s crypto is locked in cold storage across four continents — a decentralized system Taihuttu prefers to centralized vaults like the Swiss Alps bunker used by Coinbase-owned Xapo. Those facilities may offer physical protection and inheritance services, but Taihuttu said they require too much trust.

“What happens if one of those companies goes bankrupt? Will I still have access?” he said. “You’re putting your capital back in someone else’s hands.”

Instead, Taihuttu holds his own keys — hidden across the globe. He can top up the wallets remotely with new deposits, but accessing them would require at least one international trip, depending on which fragments of the seed phrase are needed. The funds, he added, are intended as a long-term pension to be accessed only if bitcoin hits $1 million — a milestone he’s targeting for 2033.

The shift toward multiparty protections extends beyond just multi-signature. Multi-party computation, or MPC, is gaining traction as a more advanced security model.

Didi, Romaine, and their three daughters live largely off-grid, managing crypto through decentralized exchanges, algorithmic trading bots, and a globally distributed cold storage system.

Didi Taihuttu

Instead of storing private keys in one place — a vulnerability known as a “single point of compromise” — MPC splits a key into encrypted shares distributed across multiple parties. Transactions can only go through when a threshold number of those parties approve, sharply reducing the risk of theft or unauthorized access.

Multi-signature wallets require several parties to approve a transaction. MPC takes that further by cryptographically splitting the private key itself, ensuring that no single individual ever holds the full key — not even their own complete share.

The shift comes amid renewed scrutiny of centralized crypto platforms like Coinbase, which recently disclosed a data breach affecting tens of thousands of customers.

Taihuttu, for his part, says 80% of his trading now happens on decentralized exchanges like Apex — a peer-to-peer platform that allows users to set buy and sell orders without relinquishing custody of their funds, marking a return to crypto’s original ethos.

While he declined to reveal his total holdings, Taihuttu did share his goal for the current bull cycle: a $100 million net worth, with 60% still held in bitcoin. The rest is a mix of ether, layer-1 tokens like solana, link, sui, and a growing number of AI and education-focused startups — including his own platform offering blockchain and life-skills courses for kids.

Lately, he’s also considering stepping back from the spotlight.

“It’s really my passion to create content. It’s really what I love to do every day,” he said. “But if it’s not safe anymore for my daughters … I really need to think about them.”

WATCH: ‘Bitcoin Family’ tracks moon cycles to make crypto investment decisions

'Bitcoin Family' tracks moon cycles to make crypto investment decisions

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Morgan Stanley upgrades this mining stock as best pick to play rare earths

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Morgan Stanley upgrades this mining stock as best pick to play rare earths

A wheel loader operator fills a truck with ore at the MP Materials rare earth mine in Mountain Pass, California, January 30, 2020.

Steve Marcus | Reuters

The rare-earth miner MP Materials will enjoy growing strategic value to the U.S., as geopolitical tensions with China make the supply of critical minerals more uncertain, according to Morgan Stanley.

The investment bank upgraded MP Materials to the equivalent of a buy rating with a stock price target of $34 per share, implying 32% upside from Friday’s close.

MP Materials owns the only operating rare earth mine in the U.S. at Mountain Pass, California. China dominates the global market for rare earth refining and processing, according to Morgan Stanley.

“Geopolitical and trade tensions are finally pushing critical mineral supply chains to top of mind,” analysts led by Carlos De Alba told clients in a Thursday note. “MP is the most vertically integrated rare earths company ex-China.”

Beijing imposed export restrictions on seven rare earth elements in April in response to President Donald Trump’s tariffs. It has kept those restrictions in place despite trade talks with U.S.

Trump removed some restrictions Wednesday on the Defense Production Act, which could allow the federal government to offer an above market price for rare earths. MP Materials is the best positioned company to benefit from this, according to Morgan Stanley. Its shares rose more than 5% on Thursday.

MP Materials is developing fully domestic rare earth supply chain in the U.S. and plans to begin commercial production of magnets used in most electric vehicle motors, offshore wind wind turbines, and the future market for humanoid robots, according to Morgan Stanley.

The investment bank expects MP Materials to post negative free cash flow this year and in 2026, but the company has a strong balance sheet should accelerate positive free cash flow from 2027 onward.

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Tesla’s head of Optimus humanoid robot leaves the ‘$25 trillion’ product behind

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Tesla's head of Optimus humanoid robot leaves the ' trillion' product behind

Tesla’s head of Optimus humanoid robot, Milan Kovac, announced that he is leaving the automaker after 9 years.

It leaves just as CEO Elon Musk claimed that the humanoid robot is going to make Tesla a”$25 trillion company.”

Electrek first reported on Tesla hiring Kovac back in 2016 to work on the early Autopilot program. At the time, we noted that the young engineer had an interesting background in machine learning.

He quickly rose through the ranks and ended up leading Autopilot software engineering from 2019 to 2022.

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In 2022, he started working on Tesla’s Optimus humanoid robot program.

Late last year, he was promoted to Vice President in charge of the complete Optimus program, as CEO Elon Musk began to tout the program as critical to Tesla’s future.

Musk claimed that Optimus could generate $10 trillion in revenue per year and make Tesla a $25 trillion company. These claims are largely unsubstantiated as the humanoid robot market is still in its infancy.

Most market research firms currently estimate the size of the humanoid robot market to be in the low single-digit billions of dollars, with growth projections through 2032 ranging from $15 billion to $80 billion.

That would represent impressive growth, but nowhere near what Musk is touting to investors.

Today, Kovac announced that he is leaving Tesla for personal reasons:

This week, I’ve had to make the most difficult decision of my life and will be moving out of my position. I’ve been far away from home for too long, and will need to spend more time with family abroad. I want to make it clear that this is the only reason, and has absolutely nothing to do with anything else. My support for Elon Musk and the team is ironclad – Tesla team forever.

Kovac has been regarded as one of the top new technical executives at Tesla, which has seen a significant talent exodus of top engineers.

The company has made progress with the Optimus program over the last year. Still, many have been skeptical, as Tesla has been less than forthcoming about using teleoperation in previous demonstrations.

Kovac is not the only Optimus engineer to leave Tesla recently.

Figure, another company developing humanoid robots, has recently poached Zackary Bernholtz, a 7-year veteran at Tesla and most recently a Staff Technical Program Manager.

Electrek’s Take

This is a significant loss for Tesla. Kovac was one of Musk’s top technical guys and literally the head of the program he claimed would bring Tesla to the next level – although I think most people have been understandably skeptical about these claims.

I’ve been bullish on humanoid robots, and I could see Tesla being a player in the field, but it’s nowhere near the opportunity that Musk is claiming, and there’s also plenty of competition with no clear evidence that Tesla has any significant lead, if any.

In China, Unitree has been making impressive progress, and it is already selling a humanoid robot.

In the US, Figure has also been making a lot of progress lately:

I think it’s a smart space to invest in for manufacturing companies like Tesla, but there’s going to be a lot of competition.

It’s too early to say who will come out on top.

As for Kovac leaving, I’m sure his personal reason is correct. However, we often see people claim that and then they quickly turn up at another company.

If he believed that his product would soon become a multi-trillion-dollar opportunity, I doubt he would be leaving, but you never know. 9 years at Tesla is some hard work and it’s impressive for anyone. Congrats.

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