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Tornado mixer dropped from US blacklist

The US Treasury Department has dropped cryptocurrency mixer Tornado Cash from its sanctions list, the agency said on March 21. 

The removal follows a January ruling by a US appeals court, which said the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) cannot sanction Tornado’s smart contracts because they are not the property of any foreign national. 

According to the January court ruling, “Tornado Cash’s immutable smart contracts (the lines of privacy-enabling software code) are not the ‘property’ of a foreign national or entity, meaning […] OFAC overstepped its congressionally defined authority.”

In a March 21 statement, the Treasury said OFAC removed several dozen Tornado-affiliated smart contract addresses on the Ethereum blockchain network from its sanctions list. 

Tornado’s native token, Tornado Cash (TORN), is up around 60% on the news, according to data from CoinMarketCap. 

As of March 21, TORN has a market capitalization of around $73 million and a fully diluted value (FDV) of nearly $140 million, the data shows. 

OFAC is the Treasury’s office for administering economic and trade sanctions on states and foreign nationals.

Tornado Cash lets users pool crypto deposits into a mixer and then withdraw it later to different wallet addresses, making the original funding source difficult to track.

Tornado mixer dropped from US blacklist

TORN is up around 60% on the news. Source: CoinMarketCap

Related: Tornado Cash dev Alexey Pertsev’s bail a ‘crucial step’ in getting fair trial, defense says

Money laundering allegations

In August 2022, OFAC sanctioned Tornado Cash after alleging the blockchain protocol helped launder cryptocurrency stolen by Lazarus Group, a North Korean hacking outfit. 

Lazarus Group has allegedly stolen billions of dollars in crypto through various cyberattacks.

In February, Lazarus was accused of pilfering $1.4 billion from digital asset exchange Bybit in the largest-ever crypto exploit. 

In total, Tornado Cash has purportedly facilitated the laundering of more than $7 billion in illicit funds since the protocol was launched in 2019, according to the US Treasury.

In 2024, a Dutch court found Alexey Pertsev, one of Tornado Cash’s developers, guilty of money laundering and sentenced him to 64 months in prison. 

In February, Pertsev was released on house arrest, while he prepared an appeal of his conviction. 

The Ethereum Foundation has pledged to donate $1.25 million for Pertsev’s defense. 

“Privacy is normal, and writing code is not a crime,” the EF wrote in an X post while announcing the donation on Feb. 26.

Magazine: Did Telegram’s Pavel Durov commit a crime? Crypto lawyers weigh in

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Nigeria still open to crypto business despite rocky past: Report

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Nigeria still open to crypto business despite rocky past: Report

Nigeria still open to crypto business despite rocky past: Report

The government of Nigeria is still open to crypto businesses operating in the country despite the ongoing lawsuit against crypto exchange Binance and the high-profile detention of Binance executive Tigran Gambaryan.

Nigerian Information Minister Mohammed Idris told Semafor that many crypto businesses operate inside the country that are not facing litigation or criminal prosecution.

“This is part of the effort to strengthen our laws, not to cripple anybody. We are ensuring that no one comes and operates without regulation,” Idris told the outlet.

Nigeria filed an $81.5 billion lawsuit against Binance in February, claiming the exchange crashed Nigeria’s local currency, the naira, and said that Binance owed $2 billion in back taxes as the Nigerian government continues to grapple with sensible crypto policy.

Law, Nigeria, Cryptocurrency Exchange

The naira M2 money supply has been rapidly increasing since March 2024. Source: Trading Economics

Related: Nigeria’s crypto future: Striking a balance between innovation and regulation

Nigerian regulations don’t give crypto investors hope

The Nigerian Securities and Exchange Commission overhauled its crypto regulations in December 2024, tightening laws around crypto marketing and advertising.

More specifically, the updated law requires digital asset providers operating in the country to obtain permission before third-party marketing firms can run advertisements on behalf of the firms.

In February, Nigerian regulators also announced a plan to tax crypto transactions for revenue generation.

According to Chainalysis “2024 Global Adoption Index” report, Nigeria ranks second globally for crypto adoption, while India claimed the top spot.

Law, Nigeria, Cryptocurrency Exchange

Nigeria ranks second globally for crypto adoption. Source: Chainalysis

Chainalysis also found that the African country received $59 billion in cryptocurrencies between July 2023 and June 2024.

Despite these impressive figures, taxing crypto transactions may not bring in the revenue desired by the Nigerian government.

Law, Nigeria, Cryptocurrency Exchange

Nigeria leads African countries in terms of cryptocurrency value received. Source: Chainalysis

Coin Bureau founder and market analyst Nic Puckrin said Nigeria has a robust over-the-counter market for retail crypto trading, which evades centralized exchanges and is difficult to track or tax.

Puckrin added that importers use crypto to circumvent the high volatility of the Nigerian naira and escape foreign exchange risk.

The rapidly depreciating value of the fiat currency makes it unlikely that the importers will stop using crypto, and these importers will be hard-pressed to report their crypto transactions, which can be conducted peer-to-peer, to the Nigerian government.

Magazine: How crypto laws are changing across the world in 2025

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Coinbase in talks to buy derivatives exchange Deribit: Report

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Coinbase in talks to buy derivatives exchange Deribit: Report

Coinbase in talks to buy derivatives exchange Deribit: Report

Coinbase is in advanced talks to buy Deribit, a cryptocurrency derivatives exchange, according to a March 21 report by Bloomberg.

Acquiring Deribit — the world’s largest venue for trading Bitcoin (BTC) and Ether (ETH) options — would bolster Coinbase’s existing derivatives platform, which currently focuses on futures. 

Coinbase and Deribit have reportedly alerted regulators in Dubai to the deal talks. Deribit holds a license in Dubai, which would need to be transferred to Coinbase if a deal goes through, according to Bloomberg, which cited unnamed sources. 

In January, Bloomberg reported that a deal with Coinbase could value Deribit at between $4 billion and $5 billion. 

Deribit lists options, futures and spot cryptocurrencies. Its total trading volumes last year were around $1.2 trillion, Bloomberg said. 

On March 20, Kraken, a rival crypto exchange, announced plans to acquire derivatives trading platform NinjaTrader for around $1.5 billion.

Coinbase in talks to buy derivatives exchange Deribit: Report

Deribit is a popular crypto derivatives exchange. Source: Deribit

Related: Kraken to acquire NinjaTrader for $1.5B to offer US crypto futures

Red-hot market

Cryptocurrency derivatives, such as futures are options, are surging in popularity in the US.

Futures are standardized contracts allowing traders to buy or sell assets at a future date, often with leverage. Options are contracts granting the right to buy or sell — “call” or “put,” in trader parlance — an underlying asset at a certain price.

Both types of financial derivatives are popular among both retail and institutional investors for hedging and speculation. 

In December, Coinbase said derivatives trading volumes soared roughly 10,950% in 2024, Coinbase said. 

Coinbase lists derivatives tied to some 92 different assets on its international exchange and a smaller number in the US, according to its 2024 annual report.

In January, Robinhood rolled out cryptocurrency futures as the popular online brokerage redoubled its efforts to compete with Coinbase. 

In February, CME Group, the world’s largest derivatives exchange, said it clocked an average daily trading volume of approximately $10 billion for crypto derivatives in the fourth quarter of 2024 — a more than 300% increase from the year prior. 

Coinbase launched the US’ first Commodity Futures Trading Commission-regulated Solana (SOL) futures in February. CME launched its own SOL futures contracts the following month.

Magazine: 5 real use cases for useless memecoins

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SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

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SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Crypto investors rejoiced this week after the US Securities and Exchange Commission dismissed one of the crypto industry’s most controversial lawsuits — one that resulted in an over four-year legal battle with Ripple Labs.

In another significant regulatory development, Solana-based futures exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have debuted in the US, a move that may signal the approval of spot Solana (SOL) ETFs as the “next logical step” for lawmakers.

SEC’s XRP reversal a “victory for the industry”: Ripple CEO

The SEC’s dismissal of its years-long lawsuit against Ripple Labs, the developer of the XRP Ledger blockchain network, is a “victory for the industry,” Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse said at Blockworks’ 2025 Digital Asset Summit in New York.

On March 19, Garlinghouse revealed that the SEC would dismiss its legal action against Ripple, ending four years of litigation against the blockchain developer for an alleged $1.3-billion unregistered securities offering in 2020.

“It feels like a victory for the industry and the beginning of a new chapter,” Garlinghouse said on March 19 at the Summit, which Cointelegraph attended. 

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Ripple’s CEO said the SEC is dropping its case against the blockchain developer. Source: Brad Garlinghouse

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Solana futures ETF to grow institutional adoption, despite limited inflows

The crypto industry is set to debut the first SOL futures ETF, a significant development that may pave the way for the first spot SOL ETF as the “next logical step” for crypto-based trading products, according to industry watchers.

Volatility Shares is launching two SOL futures ETFs, the Volatility Shares Solana ETF (SOLZ) and the Volatility Shares 2X Solana ETF (SOLT), on March 20.

Futures, Solana, ETF

Volatility Shares Solana ETF SEC filing. Source: SEC

The debut of the first SOL futures ETF may bring significant new institutional adoption for the SOL token, according to Ryan Lee, chief analyst at Bitget Research.

The analyst told Cointelegraph: 

“The launch of the first Solana ETFs in the US could significantly boost Solana’s market position by increasing demand and liquidity for SOL, potentially narrowing the gap with Ethereum’s market cap.”

The Solana ETF will grow institutional adoption by “offering a regulated investment vehicle, attracting billions in capital and reinforcing Solana’s competitiveness against Ethereum,” said Lee, adding that “Ethereum’s entrenched ecosystem remains a formidable barrier.”

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Pump.fun launches own DEX, drops Raydium

Pump.fun has launched its own decentralized exchange (DEX) called PumpSwap, potentially displacing Raydium as the primary trading venue for Solana-based memecoins. 

Starting on March 20, memecoins that successfully bootstrap liquidity, or “bond,” on Pump.fun will migrate directly to PumpSwap, Pump.fun said in an X post. 

Previously, bonded Pump.fun tokens migrated to Raydium, which emerged as Solana’s most popular DEX, largely thanks to memecoin trading activity. 

According to Pump.fun, PumpSwap “functions similarly to Raydium V4 and Uniswap V2” and is designed “to create the most frictionless environment for trading coins.”

“Migrations were a major point of friction – they slow a coin’s momentum and introduce needless complexity for new users,” Pump.fun said.

“Now, migrations happen instantly and for free.”

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Raydium’s trading volumes surged in 2024, largely due to memecoins. Source: DefiLlama

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Bybit: 89% of stolen $1.4B crypto still traceable post-hack

The lion’s share of the hacked Bybit funds is still traceable after the historic cybertheft, with blockchain investigators continuing their efforts to freeze and recover the funds.

The crypto industry was rocked by the largest hack in history on Feb. 21 when Bybit lost over $1.4 billion in liquid-staked Ether (stETH), Mantle Staked ETH (mETH) and other digital assets.

Blockchain security firms, including Arkham Intelligence, have identified North Korea’s Lazarus Group as the likely culprit behind the Bybit exploit as the attackers continue swapping the funds in an effort to make them untraceable.

Despite the Lazarus Group’s efforts, over 88% of the stolen $1.4 billion remains traceable, according to Ben Zhou, co-founder and CEO of crypto exchange Bybit.

The CEO wrote in a March 20 X post:

“Total hacked funds of USD 1.4bn around 500k ETH. 88.87% remain traceable, 7.59% have gone dark, 3.54% have been frozen.”

“86.29% (440,091 ETH, ~$1.23B) have been converted into 12,836 BTC across 9,117 wallets (Average 1.41 BTC each),” said the CEO, adding that the funds were mainly funneled through Bitcoin (BTC) mixers, including Wasbi, CryptoMixer, Railgun and Tornado Cash.

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Source: Ben Zhou

The CEO’s update comes nearly a month after the exchange was hacked. It took the Lazarus Group 10 days to move 100% of the stolen funds through the decentralized crosschain protocol THORChain, Cointelegraph reported on March 4.

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Libra, Melania creator’s “Wolf of Wall Street” memecoin crashes 99%

The creator of the Libra token has launched another memecoin with some of the same concerning onchain patterns that pointed to significant insider trading activity ahead of the coin’s 99% collapse.

Hayden Davis, co-creator of the Official Melania Meme (MELANIA) and Libra tokens, has launched a new Solana-based memecoin with an over 80% insider supply.

Davis launched the Wolf (WOLF) memecoin on March 8, banking on rumors of Jordan Belfort, known as the Wolf of Wall Street, launching his own token.

The token reached a peak $42 million market cap. However, 82% of WOLF’s supply was bundled under the same entity, according to a March 15 X post by Bubblemaps, which wrote:

“The bubble map revealed something strange — $WOLF had the same pattern as $HOOD, a token launched by Hayden Davis. Was he behind this one too?”

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Source: Bubblemaps

The blockchain analytics platform revealed transfers across 17 different addresses, stemming back to the address “OxcEAe,” owned by Davis.

“He funded these wallets months before $LIBRA and $WOLF launched, moving money through 17 addresses and 2 chains,” Bubblemaps added.

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Source: Bubblemaps

The Wolf memecoin lost over 99% of its value within two days, from the peak $42.9 million market capitalization on March 8 to just $570,000 by March 16, Dexscreener data shows.

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DeFi market overview

According to Cointelegraph Markets Pro and TradingView data, most of the 100 largest cryptocurrencies by market capitalization ended the week in the green.

Of the top 100, the BNB Chain-native Four (FORM) token rose over 110% as the week’s biggest gainer, followed by PancakeSwap’s CAKE (CAKE) token, up over 48% on the weekly chart.

SEC’s XRP reversal marks crypto industry victory ahead of SOL futures ETF launch: Finance Redefined

Total value locked in DeFi. Source: DefiLlama

Thanks for reading our summary of this week’s most impactful DeFi developments. Join us next Friday for more stories, insights and education regarding this dynamically advancing space.

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