
Michigan nuclear plant shows the challenges the U.S. will face in safely restarting old reactors
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The Palisades nuclear power plant in Covert, Michigan, Feb. 24, 2025.
Spencer Kimball | CNBC
COVERT, Mich. — A nuclear power plant on the shores of Lake Michigan is aiming to make history this fall by becoming the first reactor in the U.S. to restart operations after shutting down to be eventually dismantled.
The effort to restart the Palisades plant near South Haven, which shut down three years ago, is a precedent-setting event that could pave a path for other shuttered reactors to come back online.
But Palisades needs major repairs to restart safely, highlighting the challenges the industry will face in bringing aging plants back to life.
Palisades began commercial operations in 1971 during the early wave of reactor construction in the U.S. The plant permanently ceased operations in 2022, one of a dozen reactors to close in recent years as nuclear energy has struggled to compete against cheaper natural gas and renewables.
The owner of the plant, Holtec International, has said it hopes to restart Palisades this fall, subject to approval by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. The restart project is backed by a $1.5 billion loan guarantee from the Department of Energy, $1.3 billion from the Department of Agriculture, and $300 million in grants from the state of Michigan.
The Energy Department on Monday approved the release of nearly $57 million from the loan, a sign that the Trump administration supports the project amid the turmoil and uncertainty in Washington over federal funding for projects started under the Biden administration.
But Holtec is facing major repairs to Palisades’ aging steam generators that could delay a schedule the NRC has called demanding. Holtec has disclosed to regulators that its inspections have found damaged tubes in the plant’s two generators, which were installed in 1990.
Inside the control room at the Palisades nuclear power plant in Covert, Michigan, Feb. 24, 2025.
Spencer Kimball | CNBC
Those tubes are crucial components that protect public health. If a tube ruptures at a nuclear plant, there is a risk that radioactive material will be released into the environment, according to the NRC. Plant owners are required to demonstrate to the NRC that if a tube does fail, any radiological release beyond the plant’s perimeter would remain below what the regulator describes as its “conservative limits.”
“The NRC is scared to death of steam generator tube ruptures. It’s a very real accident. It’s not a hypothetical,” said Alan Blind, who served as engineering director at Palisades from 2006 to 2013 under previous plant owner Entergy. Blind, who is now retired, said he supports nuclear power but is concerned about the condition of the Palisades plant based on decades of experience in the industry.
Palisades is currently in a safe condition, NRC spokesperson Scott Burnell said, as the steam generators are not in use because the plant is shut down and defueled.
Holtec President Kelly Trice told CNBC the company has done a “complete characterization” of the generators and “they are fully repairable.” The company has asked the NRC to complete its review of the repair plan by Aug. 15, but federal regulators are skeptical of the company’s timetable.
NRC Branch Chief Steve Bloom warned Holtec during a Jan. 14 public meeting that the work required to review the plan will “add to a schedule that is already very aggressive.” Eric Reichelt, a senior materials engineer at the NRC, called the schedule “very demanding,” telling Holtec at the meeting that only a few people are available at the regulatory body to do the necessary review work.
Steam generator repairs
In nuclear plants such as Palisades, water heated by the reactor passes through tubes in the generators, causing water outside the tubes to boil into steam that drives the turbines to produce electricity for the grid.
The radioactive water that circulates through the reactor and the clean water that boils in the generators do not come into contact with each other. If a tube ruptures, however, the contaminated water mixes with the clean water and radioactive material could be released into the environment through valves that discharge steam, according to the NRC.
Holtec’s inspections found more than 1,400 indications of corrosion cracking across more than 1,000 steam generator tubes at Palisades, according to a company filing with the NRC in October 2024. The tubes have not failed, Holtec CEO Krishna Singh told CNBC in February. Several had corrosion cracking with more than 70% penetration, according to the filing.
Due to the plant’s age, Palisades steam generator tubes are made of an alloy that the industry has since learned is prone to corrosion cracking, according to NRC. Holtec said it is using a technique to repair the tubes called “sleeving” in which a higher quality alloy is inserted and expanded to seal the damage.
Inside the control room at the Palisades nuclear power plant in Covert, Michigan, Feb. 24, 2025.
Spencer Kimball | CNBC
“The techniques of repair which we’re using, which is called sleeving, has been done in about 10 plants across the world and in some plants is done every outage, so this is not new, exotic technology,” Trice said. “It is a common repair technique, and we expect it to be done on time and on schedule.”
Holtec’s repair plan is scheduled to start this summer following inspection and testing, spokesperson Nick Culp told CNBC. Holtec can go ahead with the tube repairs on its schedule, but the company does so at its own risk as the NRC will decide whether the repairs meet requirements in the end, Burnell said.
But during the Jan. 14 meeting, NRC branch chief Bloom pushed back on Holtec’s statements that the company’s repair plan is following industry precedent.
“Even though you’re quote, unquote, following a precedent, it’s not exactly, because it’s a different material, different type of sleeving,” Bloom said at the January meeting. The sleeve design that Holtec is proposing for the repairs has not been installed in steam generators before, though it has been used in other heat exchangers at nuclear plants, according to a company filing.
The sleeves are made of an alloy that has not shown signs of cracking in U.S. or international plants, according to the filing. The component has a service life of no more than 10 years, the filing said. Culp said testing and analysis of the sleeves “support the expectation of longer-term performance.”
The issues with the tubes raise the question of whether the aging steam generators should be replaced, an expensive project that Palisades’ previous owners knew would be necessary at some point but never tackled.
Inside the control room at the Palisades nuclear power plant in Covert, Michigan, Feb. 24, 2025.
Spencer Kimball | CNBC
Consumers Energy, for example, sold the Palisades to Entergy in 2007 for $380 million in part due to “significant capital expenditures that are required for the plant,” including the replacement of the steam generators, according to a filing with the Michigan Public Service Commission.
Consumers Energy assumed that the generators needed to be replaced in 2016, according to the filing. Entergy, however, did not replace them after purchasing Palisades. The utility found that purchasing new generators would make the plant economically unfeasible, said Blind, who was engineering director at Palisades during that time.
“They felt that with their expertise that they could prolong the remaining life, which is exactly what they did up until they shut it down,” Blind said.
Entergy closed Palisades in May 2022 and sold the plant to Holtec to take over its dismantling. But Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer in a letter to the Department of Energy pushed to keep Palisades open, citing the jobs supported by the plant and the need for reliable, carbon-free power. Backed by the governor’s office, Holtec first applied for federal support to restart Palisades two months after it closed.
Indian Point leak
A steam generator tube rupture at the Indian Point nuclear plant — located 24 miles north of New York City in Westchester County, New York — demonstrates the potential risks such incidents pose to public health and the finances of utility companies.
On Feb. 15, 2000, operators at Indian Point Unit 2 received a notification that a steam generator tube had failed, according to the NRC’s report on the incident. Consolidated Edison issued an alert and shut the plant down, the regulator said. It would stay closed for 11 months while the cause of the rupture was investigated and the condition of the four steam generators was analyzed.
The rupture resulted in “a minor radiological release to the environment that was well within regulatory limits,” according to an NRC task force report. The incident “did not impact the public health and safety,” according to the report. Still, the NRC slapped Con Edison with a red citation, the most serious violation, after determining the leak was of “high safety significance.”
The leak was contained and there was no evacuation of neighboring communities, but authorities in Westchester County at the time were deeply worried about the risk to the public, said Blind, who was Con Edison’s vice president of nuclear power at Indian Point during the incident.
Inside the Palisades nuclear power plant in Covert, Michigan, Feb. 24, 2025.
Spencer Kimball | CNBC
“We had contained all of the radioactive water, but they were so scared that they were very close to closing all the schools,” said Blind. “They weren’t going to let the children come to school in the morning until they saw how this all played out. It’s all very serious.”
The leak proved costly for Con Edison. The utility replaced the four steam generators at an estimated cost of up to $150 million, according to company filings from the time. The bill would have been higher had Con Edison not had replacement steam generators already on hand. The utility had owned replacement generators since 1988 but had not installed them. Con Edison also paid more than $130 million in charges associated with the 11-month outage at the plant.
Blind said Con Edison decided to replace the steam generators at Indian Point to reduce the risk that there would be another tube rupture when the plant restarted.
“We were a publicly traded company,” Blind said. “And it came down from the board, it said we can’t live with this uncertainty.”
The utility sold Indian Point Units 1 and 2 to Entergy for $502 million in 2001 under a deal that also included gas turbine assets. The sale was under consideration before the tube rupture. Con Edison estimated an after-tax loss of $170 million from the Indian Point sale, according to filings from the time.
Blind said the stakes of the planned Palisades restart are high for the entire nuclear industry. Demand for nuclear power is growing again in the U.S. as states, utilities and the tech sector seek more reliable, carbon-free power. The renewed interest has been referred to as a “nuclear renaissance” after years of reactor shutdowns in the U.S.
Constellation Energy, for example, is planning to restart its Three Mile Island plant in 2028 subject to NRC approval. Constellation has said the steam generators at the plant have undergone inspection and maintenance and are in good condition. NextEra Energy announced in July 2024 that it is evaluating whether restarting its Duane Arnold plant in Iowa is feasible.
An incident at Palisades “would be devastating for the entire industry,” Blind said. “There would be calls for rethinking this renaissance idea,” he said.
Holtec’s Culp said the sleeves used to repair the steam generators at Palisades will be continuously monitored, inspected and subject to regulatory oversight while they are in service. The plant employs multiple layers of defense “to protect our workforce, community, and environment,” he said.
NRC inspectors will observe Holtec’s repair activities as they are implemented and will ensure the steam generators meet all the requirements for safe operation, Burnell said. “This includes making sure that the public and the environment are protected from radiological concerns,” the NRC spokesman said.
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Environment
As Binance works toward redemption, CEO says Trump has been ‘fantastic’ for crypto
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55 mins agoon
March 23, 2025By
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Richard Teng, chief executive officer of Binance Holdings Ltd., at an event hosted by the Foreign Correspondents Association in Singapore, on Tuesday, Sept. 17, 2024.
Ore Huiying | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Binance CEO Richard Teng says the Trump administration has been a “fantastic” reset for the cryptocurrency industry.
“It’s an extremely different environment that we’re operating in,” Teng told CNBC on Tuesday.
In the span of 16 months, Binance has gone from a political outcast to a possible power broker in Washington. Once the poster child for regulatory defiance – Binance was slapped with a record $4.3 billion settlement with regulators and forced to oust billionaire founder Changpeng “CZ” Zhao – the crypto exchange is now navigating a dramatically friendlier political landscape under President Donald Trump’s second administration, Teng said.
“We’ve benefited from this shift,” said Teng, who was appointed Binance’s CEO in November 2023.
Teng’s comments come as the crypto exchange is in talks to have the Trump family take a financial stake in the company, according to a report by The Wall Street Journal earlier this month. That same day, Bloomberg reported that World Liberty Financial, a Trump-linked crypto bank that has not yet launched, is engaged in talks with Binance to launch a dollar-pegged stablecoin.
If such deals were reached, it would mark a staggering reversal for a company that was once a pariah in Washington.
Teng, a soft-spoken former regulator, was careful with his words when addressing the reports.
“I believe both World Liberty Financial as well as CZ himself have tweeted and denied the reports,” said Teng, who runs the exchange’s operations outside the U.S.
As for the rumors about a Trump stake in Binance.US, Teng demurred.
“.US and .com are quite different animals, right?” he said. “They have different sets of shareholders, different boards of directors, and different CEOs running the show.”
Binance structured the two exchanges as independent entities in response to regulatory scrutiny, aiming to ring-fence its U.S. operations from the broader international business.
Still, Teng is bullish on what the new political environment means for crypto.
“We went from four years of Operation Choke Point 2.0 to now – you have a very pro-crypto, pro-AI president,” he said. While Binance.com doesn’t operate in the U.S., he said, “We have benefited from all these pro-crypto policies.”
Choke Point 2.0 is how industry insiders refer to an alleged crackdown by legacy banks on digital asset firms during the Biden administration.
Teng described a rapid global expansion that brought Binance from 170 million to 265 million users in just one year.
“We have received a lot of approaches from different governments around the world,” Teng said, citing regulatory progress in Japan, Australia, Hong Kong, Brazil, Argentina and the United Arab Emirates.
Binance is now licensed in 21 jurisdictions, and its influence extends well beyond the reach of any one country. That includes sovereign wealth funds, some of which are starting to quietly allocate to crypto, Teng said.
In the background of all this optimism is the reality of Binance’s checkered past.
Zhao, the company’s founder and former CEO, was criminally charged, forced to step down and served a short prison sentence. Binance paid the multibilllion-dollar settlement – finalized in late 2023 – to resolve a raft of violations with U.S. regulators, including the Department of Justice and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
One major front remains open: The Securities and Exchange Commission’s civil case against Binance and Zhao.
The SEC and Binance in February agreed to a 60-day pause in proceedings as both sides consider a potential resolution. The stay comes amid a broader pullback by the SEC from several high-profile crypto lawsuits—signaling a potential regulatory reset under the new administration.
“We under-invested in compliance in those very early days,” Teng said. “But what’s important as a responsible institution is to acknowledge those early mistakes, make amends for it and invest greatly into compliance, which we are doing now.”
Binance now employs more than 1,300 professionals in compliance, roughly a quarter of its total workforce, Teng said. “The direction of travel is very clear. It’s one of compliance.”
The Nigerian government might disagree.
One of Binance’s top compliance officers, Tigran Gambaryan, was recently imprisoned under harsh conditions. In Nigeria, Binance faced charges of alleged non-payment of value-added tax and company income tax, failure to submit tax returns and complicity in aiding customers to evade taxes through its platform.
Alongside Gambaryan, who is a U.S. citizen and a former employee of the Internal Revenue Service, Nigeria has also imprisoned fellow executive Nadeem Anjarwalla, who is British-Kenyan. Both were charged and remanded in custody by Nigerian authorities. Anjarwalla escaped custody in March 2024, and Gambaryan was released several months later.
“The treatment he went through in Nigeria is not warranted,” said Teng about Anjarwalla. “We have always tried to liaise and work cooperatively with governments around the world.”
Since taking over as CEO, Teng has shifted the company from a founder-led startup to a board-governed organization.
“Now I report to the board of directors,” Teng said. “We have a board of seven members, including three independent directors and an independent chairman.”
For all the scrutiny Binance faces, Teng insists the platform remains dominant.
“At any point in time, we have more than 40% of global market share,” he said.
He dismissed concerns about Coinbase’s growing political clout and the momentum behind crypto exchange-traded funds, arguing that ETFs are a gateway into crypto trading.
“A lot of users that start trading through ETFs subsequently advance to cryptocurrency platforms,” Teng said, noting that while crypto trades nonstop, ETFs are limited to business hours.
Binance took on its first institutional investment earlier this month in a $2 billion deal with Emirati state-owned investment firm MGX, which is an AI and advanced tech fund that counts BlackRock and Microsoft as partners. It’s the largest investment ever made into a crypto company and the biggest to be fully paid in stablecoins.
Teng said he sees the investment as a way to bridge crypto and AI.
“We are utilizing AI on an extensive basis,” said Teng, noting that Binance uses artificial intelligence for customer service, security and compliance monitoring. “This is the blockchain sector. We have to continue to utilize technology to achieve efficiency.”
Asked what keeps him up at night, Teng rattled off a list: Security, compliance, product innovation and opportunities for mergers and acquisitions.
“We want to make sure we run a very robust, operational, best-in-class platform,” he said.
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Environment
All the best EV (and PHEV) cash back deals we could find for March 2025 [Updated]
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3 hours agoon
March 23, 2025By
admin![All the best EV (and PHEV) cash back deals we could find for March 2025 [Updated]](https://i0.wp.com/electrek.co/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2025/03/big_MONEY_MAIN.jpg?resize=1200,628&quality=82&strip=all&ssl=1)

Cynics will point at big rebates and claim they mean the vehicle isn’t selling, but that just exposes them as industry noobs. A rebate is a powerful financial tool that helps dealers overcome obstacles like negative equity, poor credit, down payment requirements, and interest rate objections so you can drive home in the car of your dreams today.
If you’re dealing with any of the above, pay attention: these EVs could get you behind the wheel of a new electric ride sooner than you think!
Update 23MAR: added some off-road!
As I was putting this list together, I realized there were plenty of ways for me to present this information. “Biggest EV incentive deals ..?” Not everyone qualifies for those. “Most stackable EV rebates ..?” Too much research. In the end, I went with national cash back offers and chose to present them in alphabetical order, by make. And, as for which deals are new this month? You’re just gonna have to read the article. Enjoy!
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Audi RS e-Tron GT Quattro

The Audi RS e-Tron GT Quattro is a stunning, high-end electrified cruise missile of an automobile that combines Porsche DNA with Audi styling and, presumably, sufficient all-weather performance chops to earn the legendary Quattro badge. From now until March 31st, you can receive $12,500 in customer bonus cash when you purchase or lease a select, new 2024 Audi RS e-Tron GT Quattro (the “standard” RS gets $7,500).
Chrysler Pacifica PHEV

When the plug-in hybrid Chrysler Pacifica minivan first went on sale all the way back in 2016, it seemed to imply that the old Chrysler Corporation was going to race ahead of the other Big Three US carmakers.
That didn’t happen, but the Pacifica is still the king of cupholders, while the van’s stow n’ go seating, and all the other practical, clever details that add up to remind you Chrysler invented these things. Through March 3rd, you can get a $7,500 cash allowance plus up to $7,500 in Federal income tax credits on Pacific Plug-in Hybrid Select, S, and Pinnacle trim level vans – and that’s before any negotiations with your dealer.
Dodge Charger

As the auto industry transitions to electric, Dodge is hoping that at least a few muscle car enthusiasts with extra cash, will find their way to a Dodge store and ask for the meanest, loudest, tire-shreddingest thing on the lot.
These days, that’s the new electric Charger – and you still owed money on the Hemi you just totaled, Dodge will help get the deal done on its latest retrotastic ride with a $3,000 rebate plus 0% financing for up to 72 months!
Ford F-150 Lightning

The Ford F-150 Lightning is a reasonably capable half-ton truck with V2X capabilities that first proved themselves during Texas’ ice storms, and ship with a world of aftermarket support baked in. Ford Pro customers buying an F-150 Lightning for their commercial or public fleet can get even better deals on the OG electric trucks – meaning your fleet manager would be crazy not to take a serious look at one.
Now through March 31st, Ford is offering retail buyers of remaining 2024 Lightning pickups 0% interest for up to 72 months plus $4,000 in retail bonus cash AND a free L2 home charger (cost of installation included). As with all offers, it’s good to read the fine print, but this is a killer deal for Ford truck fans.
Genesis GV70 Electrified

Genesis’ GV70 Electrified crossover doesn’t get the love it deserves in most circles – but that’s true of just about every Genesis offering. If you’re willing to give the top shelf Koreans a chance, though, I think you’ll find them to be every bit the equal of anything in their class.
And if you don’t, the $10,000 retail bonus cash offer on remaining 2024 models reported by USNews will surely help readjust the models you’re comparing the Genesis to!
Jeep Grand Cherokee 4xe

I have, admittedly, never spent a lot of time in the latest iteration of Jeep’s Grad Cherokee. Once upon a time, I drove a ZJ GC with the immortal and buttery-smooth 4.0L inline six and every iteration since has, in my opinion, been a step in the wrong direction. I’d still prefer a ZJ, sure, but after a week spent behind the wheel of a white-on-black 2025 Jeep Grand Cherokee 4xe, I have come around. That interior is a nice place to be, whether that’s because of Mercedes’ influence or Fiat’s or Peugeot’s is less clear – but shouldn’t take away from the experience.
If you haven’t given the latest JGC a chance, yet, know that its 17.3 kWh 400 V lithium-ion is big enough to go 26 miles on pure electric power, with “just” two hours needed on a L2 port to get you back to 100% charge. I think that’s worth a look.
Kia EV6 GT

CarsDirect is reporting 24-month leases on the positively awesome Kia EV6 GT featuring up to $19,000 in lease cash. Other EV6 variants get decent cash back offers, too – be sure to ask your local dealer about the one you’re interested in.
Nearly every electric Mercedes

With the possible exception of the G-wagen version, Mercedes’ EQ lineup is struggling to move off dealer lots. Blame the bizarre naming conventions, the confusion between an S Class and an EQS Class, or the fact that even the top-shelf AMG versions of Mercedes’ electric line look more like suppositories than one of Bruno Sacco‘s Teutonic masterpieces.
At the end of the day, it doesn’t matter. Mercedes dealers are ready to get these things off the lot now, and if you can live with some awkward proportions you’ll be rewarded with solid performance, excellent fit and finish, and all the rest of the things that made the 3-pointed star an icon.
Nissan LEAF

The inspiration for this article was a hypothetical $9,140 Nissan LEAF deal that I hastily concocted while walking the floor of the 2025 Chicago Auto Show, but the fact remains that even with “just” $7,500 cash back, the $28,140 $20,640 Nissan LEAF is one of the most affordable new cars you can buy in the US. If you can score some additional local incentives and dealer discounts, so much the better.
Toyota bZ4X

It’s not breaking any sales records, but the Toyota bZ4X is a reasonably capable five-passenger crossover EV that should meet most people’s needs with enough of Toyota’s legendary quality baked in to make it a safe enough bet for a decade of hassle-free driving. Plus, with $10,000 in TFS Lease Subvention cash and plenty of dealer discounts floating around, it might be the best deal in Toyota’s current lineup.
Electric Volvo Cars

Volvo is offering $7,500 EV Lease Bonus Cash on remaining 2024 C40 Recharge models, as well as 2025 EX40 and EX90 SUVs. Those deals can be combined with another $1,000 in Conquest or Volvo Loyalty cash and up to $2,000 additional dollars for Costco Executive members (“Gold Star” Costco members get $1,500 back).
All-in, that can add up to $10,500 off the sticker price of the hot new Volvo EX90 electric seven-passenger SUV, with additional dealer discounts and local incentives available in some states making a new plug-in Volvo and even sweeter deal.
Disclaimer: the vehicle models and rebate deals above were sourced from CarsDirect, CarEdge, USNews, and (where mentioned) the OEM websites – and were current as of 23MAR2025. Despite my best efforts to filter these, some deals may not be available in your market, or be stackable with every other discount, or to every buyer (the standard “with approved credit” fine print should be considered implied). Check with your local dealer(s) for more information.
FTC: We use income earning auto affiliate links. More.
Environment
Everyone’s missing the point of the Tesla Vision vs. LiDAR Wile E Coyote video
Published
3 hours agoon
March 23, 2025By
admin

A video came out last week comparing two approaches to autonomous vehicles: cameras and LiDAR. The video was fun, as YouTube videos are wont to be, but the fallout from it has been anything but fun, with pretty much everyone missing the point of the video in the first place.
The video was posted by YouTuber Mark Rober, who typically does science & engineering related stunts. It was essentially a comparison test between Tesla’s camera-only autopilot/FSD system and LiDAR systems, with the LiDAR vehicle running Luminar’s system.
The experiment tested whether the cars could react to seeing a child in the road in six circumstances: standing, running into the road by surprise, fog, rain, bright lights, and standing behind a comical Wile E. Coyote style wall with a picture of a road painted on it.
Clearly, one of these things is not like the others. Five of the tests gave us potentially meaningful results about the world around us, and the sixth was just for fun.
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The test results showed the LiDAR doing better overall, primarily due to its better performance in fog and rain. But each vehicle produced impressive results on some of the tests – like the child jumping out in front of the car and the bright lights tests, both of which seemed quite difficult (the latter especially for a vision system).
But even in the rain and fog tests, these were quite biblical levels of rain and fog. For more realistic light fog or lighter rain, the cameras likely would have fared better.
There are a few other downsides of vision-only, such as that it can have trouble looking into lights (though it did well in the bright light test), and Tesla has in the past had a hard time with crossing trucks or overpasses being hard to distinguish from billboards, both of which can be solved with the ranging functions of LiDAR or radar.
So all told, these results track with the technical limitations of cameras when compared to LiDAR. Since cameras are passive and LiDAR is active (sending out laser pulses to reflect off of objects), LiDAR is able to “see through” certain things that cameras can’t.
And this is a debate which EV fans have heard plenty about – it’s the fundamental difference between Tesla’s approach and the approach of just about everyone else. Tesla is going vision-only, but most other companies are using a hybrid approach with some mix of vision, LiDAR, radar, ultrasonics, etc.
Tesla actually did used to have sensors other than vision, as early Tesla cars had radar in addition to cameras. But CEO Elon Musk directed the company to remove radar (over the objection of engineers) because he figures if humans can drive with two eyes and no lasers, cameras should be able to do the same. (He isn’t alone, though – Andrej Karpathy, Tesla’s former head of AI and a well respected person in the field, agrees that vision-only is the right approach).

So the tests showed us that LiDAR has some capability that vision doesn’t, but we already knew that. What are the benefits of vision-only?
First, there are clear advantages on cost and complexity, because you need less sensing equipment. LiDAR has been expensive, though costs are dropping rapidly, so this may be less of a factor going forward.
Also, LiDAR sensors used to be huge spinning rigs attached to vehicles, but now they often take the form of a “taxi bump” that looks a bit like a taxi light on the top of the car, just above the windshield – but this still does restrict the design of a vehicle and a lot of people don’t like the look.
Second, vision-only could potentially make for a simpler software solution because you don’t have to reconcile the input from multiple sensing methods to figure out the reality in front of you.
This is something that held Tesla back in the early days of vision + radar, because there were a lot of false positives and negatives from weird situations (e.g. curved metal objects like soda cans could look bigger than they should, stationary vehicles were hard to distinguish, etc.). While the data was more robust because there were multiple sensing methods, it was proving itself harder to interpret.
And, while it’s not an inherent benefit of vision-only, the specific benefit for Tesla is that the company has a LOT of vision data it can use for training. This is a big advantage that it has over every other company by several orders of magnitude, since millions of Teslas have been driving around collecting data for years now, whereas companies like Waymo only have a few hundred cars.
So, we know a bit about the differences in technology, their strengths and weaknesses, and the long-time industry debate that motivated this test. Nothing seems all that unreasonable about what we’ve heard so far, and the test turned out about as expected. There’s still an open question over what the best path forward is, though the general consensus is that more sensing data is better than less, and that Tesla is making a risky move with its vision-only system.

So, why so much drama?
Okay, well, it’s the internet. So that’s reason number one. Everyone else here is chasing the same thing Rober chases: views. And so that’s probably the only thing we need to say, alright, article over, moving on.
…. But no, really. The actual drama is over the differentiation between “Autopilot” and “Full Self-Driving,” and over the behavior of Teslas when activating or deactivating the system, specifically on the headline “Wile E. Coyote” test.
Most discussion has focused on this particular test, because, well, it’s the most fun one. Rober is one of the most popular YouTubers on the planet, after all, so he should know a thing or two about how to make a compelling video (and the intro sentence of the video is quite a doozy):

As Rober said in the very first line of the video, he had his Tesla on Autopilot, not Full Self-Driving, during this test.
Some criticism has focused on the title of the video, which is “Can You Fool A Self Driving Car?”, suggesting that the test would use Tesla’s “Self-Driving” system.
These are two separate systems, and FSD is more sophisticated than Autopilot. However, Autopilot has long colloquially been referred to as self-driving (often to the chagrin of Tesla defenders), and while Tesla does refer to FSD as “self-driving,” it very much isn’t. Both of the systems are classed as “level 2,” which means the driver is still responsible for the vehicle at all times, even though FSD can be activated in more situations than Autopilot. And many more Teslas have Autopilot than FSD, so it makes sense to test the more common one.
Luminar’s LiDAR can be “self-driving,” insofar as there are level 3+ systems that use Luminar’s sensing technology (such as Mercedes’ DRIVE PILOT).
So the title is not technically incorrect, does use similar colloquialisms in both cases, and is, after all, a youtube video, and we’re all hopefully aware of how YouTube titles need to be crafted to fit Google’s algorithm and hopefully can get beyond the title and into the literal first frame of the video for the more accurate description of what’s happening here.
And we’ve covered a final criticism before, which is a screenshot showing that Rober didn’t have the system active in the video. This is previously-documented as “normal” Autopilot behavior, where the system turns itself off about a second before a definite crash. The screenshots were taken during this second. Rober also responded mentioning that the video used different takes to keep it compelling, and posted the full uncut footage on Twitter.
Another criticism focuses on the subsequent stock surge seen by Luminar (LAZR). The company’s stock went up from 5.05 to 8.35 over the course of the week after the video, a rise of 65%. This has raised some eyebrows, but I expect that the main explanation here is that prior to the video, only pretty dedicated EV/self-driving folks knew about Luminar, and now it’s been exposed to people associated with the most traded stock on the planet for several years running, TSLA. This is naturally going to drive a ton of volume to a small stock (with ~0.03% of TSLA’s market cap).

We’ve also seen others trying to recreate the video, with more success for the Tesla.
But these criticisms focus mainly on the Wile E. Coyote test, which everyone acknowledges is not a realistic situation. That test was for the youtube video – the real meat of it was the other 5 tests that actually could happen in the real world.
And even on those 5 tests, people are getting overexcited about the differences shown. The fog and water were both significantly heavier than what would most often be experienced in real life. In more “real world” weather circumstances, a camera may have worked plenty well enough (assuming the cameras aren’t obscured by water or condensation – which is certainly an issue). And if the inclement weather is as bad as shown in the video – maybe it’s time to stay home (or, uh, head straight to the hurricane evacuation center).
All in all, it felt like a fun test for a YouTube video, which described technology in a simple way to a crowd that hadn’t heard about it, was generally accurate about the strengths and weaknesses of the compared systems, but just overstated a lot of things “for content.”
There’s a discussion to be had there about content requiring more and more extreme stunts these days to be compelling, but the level of the reaction has gone well overboard. But then, that’s to be expected for anything on the internet, especially about Tesla.
And the discussion over which approach is correct will continue – companies like Luminar think that LiDAR is superior, and Tesla thinks cameras are enough. Time will tell who’s right, but most professionals in the field tend to place their bets on the former, rather than the latter.
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