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It is rare for art to imitate life quite so literally as Conclave does in the wake of the death of Pope Francis.

The papal drama, which is based on Robert Harris’s book of the same name and directed by Edward Berger, is a fictional take on the closed-door process of appointing a new pontiff, known as a conclave, which is set to begin for real in the Vatican on 5 May.

Cardinals from across the world – depicted in the 2024 film by stars including Ralph Fiennes, John Lithgow and Stanley Tucci – will descend on Rome, where they will be cut off from the outside world until a new pope is chosen.

Pope Francis dies: Follow live updates

As with anything given the Hollywood treatment, some elements of the film were added for dramatic effect. The biggest twists (don’t worry, you are safe from major spoilers) were read by some as anti-Catholic propaganda.

But on the whole, Conclave – which took home four BAFTA Awards, including best film, and best adapted screenplay at the Oscars – now feels bizarrely prescient, having been released months before cardinals first became concerned for Pope Francis‘s health.

So how accurately does it depict the highly secretive conclave process?

FILE - Pope Francis delivers his blessing as he arrives to hold his weekly general audience, in St. Peter's Square, at the Vatican, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 2014. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini, File)
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A conclave to elect Pope Francis’ successor will begin on 5 May. Pic: AP

The basics

On the basics, the film does an accurate job of depicting what we know an actual conclave involves.

Cardinals are seen living, eating and socialising together at a version of the purpose-built Casa Santa Marta, a guesthouse on the grounds of the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican City, which is what will happen at the beginning of next month.

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"Conclave" (2024)
Sergio Castellitto stars as Cardinal Tedesco in director Edward Berger's "Conclave" (2024), a Focus Features release. Photo credit: Focus Features.

2024
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The film’s depiction of cardinals in the Sistine Chapel. Pic: Focus Features/Shutterstock

The film also shows the Sistine Chapel – the famous Vatican hall decorated with the works of Michelangelo – being swept for listening devices before the start of the highly classified morning and evening voting sessions, where cardinals write down the name of the person they wish to become pope.

Berger’s thriller also accurately depicts cardinals putting their votes inside a sealed container – which in real life is a silver urn. Once all votes have been cast, a Vatican dignitary reads the votes aloud.

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Cardinals assemble to plan pope funeral

If a two-thirds majority has not been reached, the votes are threaded together and burnt with an additive to produce black smoke, only showing white smoke when enough cardinals agree on a candidate to take over the papacy – details also true to the real process.

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The pope’s apartment has been sealed

Internal politics

The film shows clear factions within the group of voting cardinals, with some clearly backing particular candidates more than others, largely depending on their beliefs.

Cardinal Aldo Bellini (played by Tucci) is depicted as the leading liberal candidate, who seeks to reform the church and follow in the footsteps of the late pope. Whereas Cardinal Goffredo Tedesco (played by Sergio Castellitto) is an Italian who represents the church’s conservative wing.

It is true that every pope will have their own beliefs, some of which are seen as more liberal or conservative than others. Pope Francis in fact diverged from his predecessors on many contentious issues within the Church.

He more openly embraced LGBTQ individuals (although stopped short of full acceptance), decried climate change, and called publicly for a ceasefire in Gaza.

Ralph Fiennes as Cardinal Lawrence and Stanley Tucci as Cardinal Bellini in Conclave. Pic: Focus Features 2024
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Fiennes as Cardinal Lawrence and Stanley Tucci as Cardinal Bellini. Pic: Focus Features 2024

Speaking to Sky News’ Katie Spencer in February after the film’s release, Fiennes said it is “human” how the cardinals are seen positioning themselves for the top role.

“They’re full of pride, ambition, things they’ve kept hidden and I think that’s what’s great [is this film] is not cynical and that’s what drew me to it.”

But Bill Cavanaugh, a professor of Catholic Studies at DePaul University, told The Guardian that the politicisation of the process in the film is likely “a little bit exaggerated”.

He said cardinals do not often fall “neatly into progressive and conservative camps”.

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‘It’s not a facile takedown of the Catholic Church’

The character of Cardinal Lawrence

Central to the film is Fiennes’ character Cardinal Lawrence, a key dignitary within the Vatican who is tasked with overseeing the fictional conclave.

Cardinal Lawrence is depicted in the film, at times, as fulfilling the roles of both the camerlengo, the person who traditionally takes over the Holy See – the central governing body of the Catholic Church and Vatican City – after the death of a pope, and the dean of the College of Cardinals.

But in reality these are two separate roles.

Ralph Fiennes stars as Cardinal Lawrence in director Edward Berger's Conclave. Pic: Philippe Antonello/Focus Features 2024
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Pic: Philippe Antonello/Focus Features 2024

After Pope Francis’s death on Monday, Irish-born American Cardinal Kevin Farrell took over the Holy See as camerlengo. The traditional role involves helping to organise the conclave but also includes announcing the pope’s death, sealing the papal apartment and breaking the pontiff’s fisherman’s ring – a sign that there is a vacancy in the Vatican.

Cardinal Farrell will also play a key role in the pope’s funeral, which will take place in Rome on 26 April.

This differs from the dean of the College of Cardinals, who is seen as the “first among equals” – essentially the head of the body of cardinals who elect the new pontiff.

New cardinal Kevin Joseph Farrell of the U.S. is seen as he receives guests in Paul VI's Hall at the Vatican following a consistory ceremony led by Pope Francis to install 17 new cardinals November 19, 2016. REUTERS/Stefano Rellandini
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Cardinal Kevin Joseph Farrell is the camerlengo. Pic: Reuters

Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re presides over the Easter Vigil in Saint Peter's Basilica at the Vatican, April 19, 2025. REUTERS/Claudia Greco
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Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re is the dean of the College of Cardinals. Pic: Reuters

Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re has been in the position since 2020 and will now preside over the general congregation meetings, the gathering of the cardinals currently in Rome, which finalises the details of the pontiff’s funeral and upcoming conclave.

Once a new pontiff is chosen, Cardinal Battista will also be the person to accept the election and ask the newest pope what name he will take.

Read more:
Pope Francis: A life in pictures
Francis was a champion of the deprived
Inside Vatican City at moment of high tension

A secret cardinal

One of the film’s main characters, Cardinal Vincent Benitez (played by Carlos Diehz), is described as a cardinal in pectore, which refers to the real process of a pope appointing a cardinal in secret.

A pope is entitled to keep the name of the newly elected cardinal secret for various reasons, but they are not officially recognised as a cardinal until their name is known publicly.

Contrary to what the film depicts, cardinals who have only been named in secret cannot take part in a conclave.

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Cassie breaks down in tears during Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs trial as she tells of ‘personal shame’ and alleged rape

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Cassie breaks down in tears during Sean 'Diddy' Combs trial as she tells of 'personal shame' and alleged rape

Cassie Ventura broke down in tears in court as she described her “personal shame” at taking part in “freak off” sex sessions for Sean Combs – and also accused him of raping her as their relationship came to an end.

During her second day of testimony, the singer and model told jurors of several alleged violent incidents and said the hip-hop mogul, who was known as Puff Daddy and Diddy throughout his career, blackmailed her with compromising videos.

At one point, the courtroom in Manhattan, New York, fell silent as sexually explicit images from “freak offs” were shown to jurors, but kept private from the public gallery. These included images of Ms Ventura and escorts.

Combs asked his lawyer Marc Agnifilo to see a binder of the images, and thumbed through it for a few moments before handing it back.

Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs trial: Day 3 – As it happened

Sean "Diddy" Combs listens as his former girlfriend Casandra "Cassie" Ventura (not seen) testifies as a video from a hotel is played at his sex trafficking trial in New York City, New York, U.S., May 14, 2025 in this courtroom sketch. REUTERS/Jane Rosenberg
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Combs watched as hotel CCTV was played in the courtroom

The 55-year-old, once one of the most powerful men in the music industry, has pleaded not guilty to charges of sex-trafficking, racketeering conspiracy, and transportation to engage in prostitution.

Prosecutors allege he used his fame and fortune to coerce Ms Ventura and other women into abusive sex sessions with escorts. His lawyers have conceded he could be violent, but argue that all sexual encounters were consensual and he never veered into sex trafficking and racketeering.

Ms Ventura, who is heavily pregnant with her third child, kept calm and composed for most of her evidence on Wednesday, but broke down at the end of the day when asked why she had chosen to testify.

“I can’t carry this anymore,” she told the court. “I can’t carry the shame, the guilt, the way he treated people like they were disposable. What’s right is right, what’s wrong is wrong. I came here to do the right thing.”

Early in 2023, she said she started suffering from “flashbacks” and had suicidal thoughts, so went to rehab and trauma therapy.

After being shown images from a Freak Off (not shown to the public), jurors are shown images of what Casandra "Cassie" Ventura described as bruises from Sean "Diddy" Combs, at Combs' sex trafficking trial in New York City, New York, U.S., May 14, 2025 in this courtroom sketch. REUTERS/Jane Rosenberg
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Jurors were shown images of bruises on Ms Ventura’s body

It is “impossible to know” how many “freak offs” she participated in, but it was in the hundreds, she told the court. Asked if she has been involved in any since ending the relationship in 2018, she replied: “No.”

Ms Ventura, 38, alleged that Combs raped her at her home in Los Angeles, after she told him she was ending things.

“I just remember crying and saying no, but it was very fast,” she said, her voice trailing off.

She told jurors she did have consensual sex with the rapper on a subsequent occasion. “We’d been together for over 10 years. You just don’t turn feelings off,” she said.

Ms Ventura sued Combs in November 2023, and settled within 24 hours. She received £20m, the trial was told.

Combs ‘threatened Cassie and Kid Cudi’

Ms Ventura’s second day of testimony also included details of how she briefly dated Scott Mescudi, better known as singer and rapper Kid Cudi, during a low point in her relationship with Combs in 2011.

Combs lunged at her with a corkscrew and kicked her in the back when he found out, jurors heard, and threatened to blow up Mescudi’s car.

These allegations were also detailed in her lawsuit, which alleged his car did “explode in his driveway” around this time.

During several hours on the stand, Ms Ventura told how she hid the extent of Comb’s alleged violence from loved ones, and described one incident when she allegedly suffered a “pretty significant gash” above her left eye after he threw her into a bed frame.

Rather than go to hospital, his security staff took her to a plastic surgeon in Beverly Hills, she said.

The hotel CCTV ‘attack’

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CCTV footage shows Diddy ‘attacking’ Cassie in hotel

An incident at a hotel in Los Angeles in March 2016, which has come up several times during the trial already, was also discussed again.

CCTV from the hotel, which was first released by CNN in May 2024, showed Combs allegedly beating Ms Ventura in a hallway.

Jurors were shown photos of her with a swollen lip following the incident as she testified. She said a friend of hers saw her injuries and was “super upset” because she’d “seen me with black eyes and busted lips before”.

She also spoke about a trip to Cannes in 2013, after which she said the rapper began playing a recording of a “freak off” on his laptop on a commercial flight to New York, with other people around them – telling her he was “going to embarrass me and release them”.

Read more:
The rise and fall of Diddy

Diddy – a timeline of allegations
Everything you need to know about the trial

Damages are seen after an altercation by Sean "Diddy" Combs against his ex-girlfriend Casandra "Cassie" Ventura on March 5, 2016, in a photograph taken in the hallway of a Los Angeles hotel which was entered as evidence in New York sex trafficking trial. Department of Justice/Handout via REUTERS
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Combs allegedly threw a vase during the hotel incident. Pic: Department of Justice via Reuters

Asked if the freak offs impacted her health, Ms Ventura said she had stomach problems and frequently developed urinary tract infections. She was also affected mentally, she told the court, saying they made her feel “really empty” and “gross”.

Throughout her testimony, Ms Ventura has maintained she never wanted to have sexual experiences with other people but did it at first to please the man she loved, and later out of fear. She was 22 and inexperienced when she started dating Combs, who was 17 years older, she said.

The trial continues with cross-examination of Ms Ventura from the defence tomorrow.

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Gary Lineker apologises for ‘Zionism’ re-post featuring image of rat

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Gary Lineker apologises for 'Zionism' re-post featuring image of rat

Gary Lineker has “apologised unreservedly” for a social media re-post featuring a rat, saying he would “never knowingly share anything antisemitic”.

The 64-year-old presenter faced criticism after he shared a post on Instagram from the Palestine Lobby group showing a picture of a rat and titled: “Zionism explained in two minutes.”

In a statement, he said: “On Instagram I reposted material which I have since learned contained offensive references.

“I very much regret these references.

“I would never knowingly share anything antisemitic.

“It goes against everything I believe in.

“The post was removed as soon as I became aware of the issue.

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“Whilst I strongly believe in the importance of speaking out on humanitarian issues, including the tragedy unfolding in Gaza, I also know that how we do so matters.

“I take full responsibility for this mistake.

“That image does not reflect my views.

“It was an error on my part for which I apologise unreservedly.”

Rats have historically been used in antisemitic propaganda, including by the Nazis in 1930s Germany.

Lineker’s agent told the BBC the presenter immediately deleted the post when he learned about the image’s symbolism.

The presenter was temporarily suspended from the BBC in March 2023 after an impartiality row over comments he made criticising the then-government’s new asylum policy.

In November he announced he would be stepping down from presenting Match Of The Day but will still host World Cup and FA Cup coverage.

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Cassie tells court ‘freak offs’ became like a job as she alleges years of abuse by Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs

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Cassie tells court 'freak offs' became like a job as she alleges years of abuse by Sean 'Diddy' Combs

Sean “Diddy” Combs’s former girlfriend Cassie has told his sex-trafficking trial that “freak offs” with male escorts became like a job, as the music mogul allegedly abused and sexually exploited her for years.

The musician and model, whose full name is Casandra Ventura, did not look at Combs as she took to the witness stand in court in Manhattan, New York.

Over about six hours, the 38-year-old, who is eight months pregnant with her third child with husband Alex Fine, at times became emotional as she alleged she was degraded by her former partner during their 10-year on-off relationship.

Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs trial: Day 2 – As it happened

Sean 'Diddy' Combs makes a hand gesture to family members at his New York trial. Pic: Reuters
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Combs made a heart gesture to family members in court. Pic: Reuters/Jane Rosenberg

Sean "Diddy" Combs watches as former girlfriend Casandra "Cassie" Ventura reacts during testimony to prosecutor Emily Johnson at Combs' sex trafficking trial in New York City, New York, U.S., May 13, 2025 in this courtroom sketch. REUTERS/Jane
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Ms Ventura became emotional at times. Pic: Reuters/Jane Rosenberg


Combs, 55, has pleaded not guilty and strenuously denied allegations of sexual abuse. His lawyers argue that although he could be violent, he never veered into sex trafficking and racketeering, and that all sexual encounters were consensual.

Ms Ventura, who is the central witness in the prosecutors’ case, began by telling the jury how Combs was violent to her over the course of their relationship, giving her black eyes and bruises.

The hip-hop star became increasingly controlling, she said, and was allegedly abusive over the smallest perceived slights. “You make the wrong face, and the next thing I knew I was getting hit in the face,” she said.

Ms Ventura was 19 when she signed to his label, Bad Boy, she said, and 22 when, during the first year of their relationship, Combs first proposed a “freak off” – a sexual encounter with a third party. Her “stomach churned”, she said, and she was “confused, nervous, but also loved him very much” and wanted to please him. She described him as “charming” but “polarising”.

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Combs’s family arrive for Day 2

‘There was no space to do anything else’

Throughout her time on the stand, she gave graphic details of these drug and drink-fuelled encounters with male escorts, saying Combs would watch and masturbate, and often record the encounters and watch the videos back.

They could last for hours or even days, she said – telling the court the longest went on for four days. They ended up becoming weekly events and took priority over her music career, jurors heard. While she had hits with singles Me & U and Long Way 2 Go in 2006, and signed a 10-album deal with Bad Boy, jurors heard she only released one album.

“Freak-offs became a job where there was no space to do anything else but to recover and just try to feel normal again,” Ms Ventura said. Each time, she added, she had to recuperate from lack of sleep, alcohol, drugs “and other substances”, and “having sex with a stranger for days”.

Read more:
The rise and fall of Sean Combs

Diddy – a timeline of allegations
Everything you need to know about the trial

Sean 'Diddy' Combs and Cassie Ventura at the 2017 Costume Institute Benefit Gala ub 2017. Pic: zz/XPX/STAR MAX/IPx 2017/AP
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Combs and Cassie pictured in 2017. Pic: zz/XPX/STAR MAX/IPx 2017/AP

Alleged violence detailed in court

Ms Ventura told the court she began feeling as if she could not say no to Combs’s demands because “there were blackmail materials to make me feel like if I didn’t do it, it would be held over my head in that way or these things would become public”.

She was also worried about potential violence, she told the court. When asked in court how frequently Combs became violent with her, Ms Ventura responded: “Too frequently.”

The rapper “would mash me in the head, knock me over, drag me, kick me”, she said. “Stomp me in the head if I was down”.

Ms Ventura also told the court that Combs kept cash, jewellery, guns and “sometimes tapes from cameras” in safes at several properties in New York, Los Angeles, Miami and Alpine, New Jersey.

“The guns came out here and there. I always felt it was a little bit of a scare tactic,” she told the court.

Pic: CNN via AP
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This footage from 2016 was made public in 2024. Pic: CNN via AP

Towards the end of her first day of evidence, a surveillance video made public last year, which showed Combs allegedly beating Ms Ventura at a Los Angeles hotel in 2016, was played to jurors in court for a second time.

“How many times has he thrown you like that before?” prosecutor Emily Johnson asked her.

“Too many to count,” Ms Ventura replied.

On Monday, prosecutors in their opening statement told the court that while Combs’s public persona was that of a “charismatic” hip-hop mogul, behind the scenes he was violent and abusive.

His defence lawyers argued that the case is really about nothing more than the rapper’s sexual preferences, which they said should remain private, and do not make him a sex trafficker.

The trial is to last about eight weeks.

Ms Ventura is set to continue giving evidence on Wednesday.

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