Fintechs that raked in profits from high interest rates now face a key test
The app icons for Revolut and Monzo displayed on a smartphone.
Betty Laura Zapata | Bloomberg via Getty Images
Financial technology firms were initially the biggest losers of interest rate hikes by global central banks in 2022, which led to tumbling valuations.
With time though, this change in the interest rate environment steadily boosted profits for fintechs. This is because higher rates boost what’s called net interest income — or the difference between the rates charged for loans and the interest paid out to savers.
In 2024, several fintechs — including Robinhood, Revolut and Monzo — saw a boost to their bottom lines as a result. Robinhood reported $1.4 billion in annual profit, boosted by a 19% jump in net interest income year-over-year, to $1.1 billion.
Revolut also saw a 58% jump in net interest income last year, which helped lift profits to £1.1 billion ($1.45 billion). Monzo, meanwhile, reported its first annual profit in the year ending March 31, 2024, buoyed by a 167% increase in net interest income.
Now, fintechs — and especially digital banks — face a key test as a broad decline in interest rates raises doubts about the sustainability of relying on this heightened income over the long term.
“An environment of falling interest rates may pose challenges for some fintech players with business models anchored to net interest income,” Lindsey Naylor, partner and head of U.K. financial services at Bain & Company, told CNBC via email.
Falling benchmark interest rates could be “a test of the resilience of fintech firms’ business models,” Naylor added.
“Lower rates may expose vulnerabilities in some fintechs — but they may also highlight the adaptability and durability of others with broader income strategies.”
It’s unclear how significant an impact falling interest rates will have on the sector overall. In the first quarter of 2025, Robinhood reported $290 million of net interest revenues, up 14% year-over-year.
However, in the U.K., results from payments infrastructure startup ClearBank hinted at the impact of lower rates. ClearBank swung to a pre-tax loss of £4.4 million last year on the back of a shift from interest income toward fee-based income, as well as expenditure related to its expansion in the European Union.
“Our interest income will always be an important part of our income, but our strategic focus is on growing the fee income line,” Mark Fairless, CEO of ClearBank, told CNBC in an interview last month. “We factor in the declining rates in our planning and so we’re expecting those rates to come down.”
Income diversification
It comes as some fintechs take steps to try to diversify their revenue streams and reduce their reliance on income from card fees and interest.
For example, Revolut offers crypto and share trading on top of its payment and foreign exchange services, and recently announced plans to add mobile plans to its app in the U.K. and Germany.
Naylor said that “those with a more diversified mix of revenue streams or strong monetization of their customer base through non-interest services” are “better positioned to weather changes in the economy, including a lower rates environment.”
Dutch neobank Bunq, which targets mainly “digital nomads” who prefer not to work from one location, isn’t fazed by the prospect of interest rates coming down. Bunq saw a 65% jump in annual profit in 2024.
“We’ve always had a healthy, diverse income,” Ali Niknam, Bunq’s CEO, told CNBC last month. Bunq makes money from subscriptions as well as card-based fees and interest.
He added that things are “different in continental Europe to the U.K.” given the region “had negative interest rates for long” — so, in effect, the firm had to pay for deposits.
“Neobanks with a well-developed and diversified top line are structurally better positioned to manage the transition to a lower-rate environment,” Barun Singh, fintech research analyst at U.K. investment bank Peel Hunt, told CNBC.
“Those that remain heavily reliant on interest earned from customer deposits — without sufficient traction in alternative revenue streams — will face a more meaningful reset in income expectations.”
The C3.ai logo is seen near a computer motherboard in this illustration taken on Jan. 8, 2024.
Dado Ruvic | Reuters
Shares of the enterprise artificial intelligence company C3 AI fell 14% in extended trading on Wednesday after it announced fiscal first-quarter results and the appointment of Stephen Ehikian as its new CEO.
C3 AI reported $70.3 million in revenue for the quarter, down from $87.2 million during the same period last year. The company’s GAAP net loss widened to an 86-cent loss from a 50-cent loss a year ago.
Ehikian is a long-time tech executive who built two companies that were both acquired by Salesforce, C3 AI said. C3 AI said Ehikian assumed the new role on Sept. 1.
C3 AI kicked off a search for a new chief executive in July after its former CEO, Thomas Siebel revealed that he was diagnosed with an autoimmune disease earlier this year that resulted in “significant visual impairment.”
“C3 AI is one of the most important companies in the AI landscape and enterprise software, with a platform and applications that are unmatched,” Ehikian said. “I am confident that we will be able to capture an increasing share of the immense market opportunity in Enterprise AI.”
The company has had a rocky few months since Siebel’s diagnosis.
Shares plunged in August after C3 AI announced disappointing preliminary financial results and a restructuring of its global sales and services organization.
Siebel said in an August statement that sales results during the quarter were “completely unacceptable.” He attributed the performance to the “disruptive effect” of the reorganization, as well as his ongoing health issues.
Marc Benioff, co-founder and CEO of Salesforce, sits for an interview in San Francisco on April 25, 2025.
David Paul Morris | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Salesforce issued disappointing guidance on Wednesday, even as earnings and revenue topped estimates for the fiscal second quarter. The stock dropped 4% in extended trading.
Here’s how the company did in comparison with LSEG consensus:
- Earnings per share: $2.91 adjusted vs. $2.78 expected
- Revenue: $10.24 billion vs. $10.14 billion expected
Revenue increased 10% from $9.33 billion a year earlier, according to a statement. Net income rose to $1.89 billion, or $1.96 per share, from $1.43 billion, or $1.47 per share, a year ago.
For the fiscal third quarter, management called for $2.84 to $2.86 in adjusted earnings per share on $10.24 billion to $10.29 billion in revenue. Analysts polled by LSEG had been looking for $2.85 per share on $10.29 billion in revenue.
Salesforce maintained its full-year revenue outlook but now sees higher earnings. The company is targeting $11.33 to $11.37 in adjusted earnings per share on $41.1 billion to $41.3 billion in revenue. The consensus estimate from LSEG was $11.31 in earnings per share and $41.2 billion in revenue. The forecast in May included $11.27 to $11.33 in adjusted earnings per share.
Salesforce has fallen out of favor on Wall Street this year due to an extended stretch of meager revenue growth, which has been stuck in the single digits since mid-2024. While the company regularly touts its investments in artificial intelligence and the advancements in its software and systems, it hasn’t been lifted by the AI boom in the same way as many of its tech peers.
Going into Wednesday’s report, Salesforce was down 23% for the year, lagging behind all but one stock in the Dow and trailing all other large-cap tech companies.
The ratio of Salesforce’s enterprise value to its free cash flow has reached a 10-year low because of fears of disruption from AI, according to analysts at Jefferies, who have a buy rating on the stock. Salesforce is trying to counter the pressure by selling its Agentforce AI software that can automate the handling of customer service questions.
During the fiscal second quarter, Salesforce said it was planning to increase the cost of some products and announced its intent to acquire data management software company Informatica for $8 billion.
Executives will discuss the results with analysts on a conference call starting at 5 p.m. ET.
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Dylan Field, co-founder and CEO of Figma, center, appears on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange in New York on July 31, 2025. Figma Inc. shares surged as much as 229% after the design software maker and some of its shareholders raised $1.2 billion in an IPO, with the trading valuing the company far above the $20 billion mark it would have reached in a now-scrapped merger with Adobe Inc.
Michael Nagle | Bloomberg | Getty Images
Figma shares plunged 13% in extended trading on Wednesday after the design software company reported results for the first time since its IPO in July.
Here’s how the company did in comparison with LSEG consensus:
- Earnings per share: breakeven
- Revenue: $249.6 million vs. $248.8 million expected
Revenue increased 41% year over year in the second quarter from $177.2 million a year earlier, Figma said in a statement. The company provided a preliminary estimate of $247 million to $250 million in a July regulatory filing. CNBC isn’t including a profit estimate because it’s Figma’s first earnings report.
Net income totaled $846,000, compared with a loss of $827.9 million in the second quarter of 2024. The company’s adjusted operating income came to $11.5 million, after Figma provided a prior estimate of $9 million to $12 million.
For the third quarter, Figma forecast revenue of between $263 million and $265 million, which would represent about 33% growth at the middle of the range. The LSEG consensus was $256.8 million.
The company sees between $88 million and $98 million in adjusted operating income for the full year and a little over $1.02 billion in revenue. The revenue range implies about 37% growth and is above the $1.01 billion LSEG consensus.
Last year, Figma picked up more revenue from customers as it sold them access to Dev Mode, which helps software developers to implement designs that designers create in the company’s software. That momentum is putting a damper on revenue growth for the third quarter, Figma co-founder and CEO Dylan Field said in an interview.
In the second quarter, Figma announced Figma Make, which uses artificial intelligence to compose app and website designs based on a user’s descriptions, and Figma Sites, which turns designs into working websites. The company also acquired vector graphics startup Modyfi and content management system startup Payload.
Figma has yet to start fully charging for AI products, but says it has built the underlying costs into its model. The company is not providing a forecast for third-quarter adjusted operating income.
A number of software vendors have faced pressure this year due to concerns surrounding AI and whether it will displace business. Field said he’s not seeing that play out internally and that, if anything, the role of designers will only become more critical.
“I think that the more that software becomes easier to build with AI, the more that people are going to see that that human touch is needed,” Field said. He acknowledged that Figma has been adopting so-called vibe-coding tools for AI-driven software development.
Figma reported a 129% net retention rate, a reflection of expansion with existing customers. The figure was down from 132% in the first quarter.
Following its IPO, Figma expects a share sale lockup to expire for 25% some employees’ stock after market close on Sept. 4. Investors holding just over half of Figma’s outstanding Class A stock have agreed to an extended lock-up that will expire in August 2026 for about 35% of their shares.
Field said he wanted to provide clarity for investors.
“That’s something that I think is valuable information,” he said.
On Wednesday the company’s stock closed at $68.13. The company priced shares in its IPO at $33, and saw the stock pop to $115.50 in its debut.
Executives will discuss the second-quarter results with analysts on a conference call starting at 5 p.m. ET.
This is breaking news. Please check back for updates.
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