
Ranking all college football head coaches as players
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Adam RittenbergMay 26, 2025, 08:00 AM ET
Close- College football reporter; joined ESPN in 2008. Graduate of Northwestern University.
Every five years or so, I take a stab at ranking all of the FBS head coaches, according to their careers as college football players.
The backgrounds of coaches — where they played, what they played, how successful they were, how often they transferred — can shed light on how they manage their rosters and oversee their programs these days. The group of coaches also changes significantly in every edition of these rankings.
What really stands out about the current crop of coaches is the increased number of ex-superstar players at the helm. Heisman Trophy winner Eddie George is an FBS coach at Bowling Green. So is Deion Sanders, a national award winner and multitime All-America selection, who then became a Pro Football Hall of Famer. Former NFL players DeShaun Foster and Trent Dilfer are also leading college teams. The coaching ranks include college stars such as Timmy Chang, Steve Sarkisian and Mike Gundy, as well as those who stood out in college football’s lower divisions.
As with past rankings, I prioritized success in college football, regardless of level. Those who shined under the brightest of lights will be rewarded, but so will those who did incredible things on smaller stages. Achievements such as national awards and All-America or all-conference recognition carried weight. Reaching the FBS and the Power 4 certainly matters, but it’s more about what happened when you got there.
For these rankings, I’m also categorizing the coaches as players, rather than trying to sift through some of the less decorated careers. I still will rank the 30 best overall, but others will appear in tiers.
As a reminder, these rankings spotlight what coaches did as college players, not necessarily at the pro level, although their entire careers are considered.
Jump to a tier:
Limited production | Small-school grads | Transfers
G5 stars | Lower-level legends | Power 4 players
The 30 best | Who never played
Big school, limited production (20)
Tim Beck, Coastal Carolina Chanticleers: Beck is from Youngstown, Ohio, and starred in multiple sports for Cardinal Mooney High School, which Bo Pelini and the Stoops brothers also attended. He played one season at quarterback for UCF and graduated from the school.
Brent Brennan, Arizona Wildcats: He spent five seasons at UCLA as a wide receiver, earning a letter in 1993, as the Bruins won the Pac-10 championship and reached the Rose Bowl. Brennan had one reception for 7 yards in 1994.
Curt Cignetti, Indiana Hoosiers: The son of former West Virginia coach Frank Cignetti, Curt was constantly around the game and grew up largely in Morgantown. Curt went to play for his father at WVU and remained there even after the school fired Frank following the 1979 season. He didn’t see the field much for the Mountaineers before entering coaching.
Matt Drinkall, Central Michigan Chippewas: A standout high school player in Bettendorf, Iowa, Drinkall went to the University of Iowa as a wide receiver. But a career-ending injury forced him to become a student coach for the Hawkeyes. He ended up graduating from Western Illinois.
Jason Eck, New Mexico Lobos: The son of a longtime college basketball coach, Eck walked onto Wisconsin’s football team during the program’s mid-1990s surge under Barry Alvarez. He earned a scholarship before the 1997 season and was a backup offensive lineman as the team won the Big Ten and the Rose Bowl in 1998.
Tony Elliott, Virginia Cavaliers: A difficult childhood in California eventually brought Elliott to South Carolina, where he played football and basketball. He spent a year at the Air Force Academy’s prep school before walking on at Clemson in 1999. Elliott lettered all four years as a wide receiver, earned a scholarship as a junior and had 23 catches for 286 yards and a touchdown during his senior year, when he was a co-captain.
Tyson Helton, Western Kentucky Hilltoppers: Helton was a backup quarterback at Houston while his father, Kim, served as Cougars coach in the late 1990s. He had 109 career pass attempts and saw his most action in 1997 with 384 passing yards, 1 touchdown and 4 interceptions.
Charles Kelly, Jacksonville State Gamecocks: Kelly grew up in Ozark, Alabama, and came to Auburn as a defensive back. He played there for coach Pat Dye from 1986 to 1989, earning a letter in his final season.
Zach Kittley, Florida Atlantic Owls: The 6-foot-7 Kittley played basketball growing up, and pursued the sport at Abilene Christian as a walk-on in 2011. But he then pivoted and transferred to Texas Tech, where his father, Wes, is the longtime track and field coach. Zach eventually began working for the football team as a student assistant.
Rhett Lashlee, SMU Mustangs: Lashlee put up mammoth numbers as a high school quarterback for coach Gus Malzahn. He won 40 games, helped his team to two state titles and set state or national records for career touchdown passes (171), single-game passing yards (672) and career passing yards (13,201). Lashlee then went to Arkansas, where he was a backup until a shoulder injury ended his career.
Clark Lea, Vanderbilt Commodores: Lea had a fascinating college athletics career, starting off at Birmingham Southern as a baseball player and helping the team to an NAIA national title in 2001. The Nashville native then returned home to play a baseball season at Belmont, before finishing with Vanderbilt as a football player. He earned a football scholarship with the Commodores and logged nine career carries.
Jeff Lebby, Mississippi State Bulldogs: Lebby, from Andrews, Texas, was an all-state offensive lineman in high school who received significant recruiting interest. He landed with Oklahoma, but a spinal injury during his freshman year ended his career. Lebby became a student assistant under Bob Stoops.
Sean Lewis, San Diego State Aztecs: Lewis grew up just outside of Chicago and was a productive dual-threat quarterback. Wisconsin recruited him as a quarterback but moved him to tight end, where he earned two letters but didn’t play much. Lewis twice earned Academic All-Big Ten honors with the Badgers.
Dowell Loggains, Appalachian State Mountaineers: Despite being only 5-foot-6, Loggains walked onto the football team at Arkansas and found a role as a reserve quarterback and the team’s holder. He eventually earned a scholarship and appeared in 50 games for the Hogs, completing one pass for 11 yards.
Jim Mora, UConn Huskies: Like several on this list, Mora is a son of a football coach and was constantly around the game. He walked on at Washington as a safety but didn’t see much playing time until switching to outside linebacker as a senior in 1983. Mora had 18 tackles, including a sack, that fall for the Huskies.
Brian Newberry, Navy Midshipmen: Newberry played both quarterback and defensive back in high school but came to Baylor as a safety and missed significant time with injuries. In 1994, he played on a Baylor team that shared the Southwest Conference title and reached the Alamo Bowl. Newberry was part of a 1995 Baylor defense that ranked No. 5 nationally.
Gerad Parker, Troy Trojans: Parker came to Kentucky as one of the top homegrown high school players, having set state records for receiving yards (4,814), receptions (238) and receiving touchdowns (52). He also was an all-state basketball player and ran track. But Parker’s college career at UK didn’t bring much fortune, as injuries limited him to 23 games. He had 15 receptions as a senior and was named the team’s most inspirational player.
Matt Rhule, Nebraska Cornhuskers: Rhule was born in State College, Pennsylvania, and returned there for the end of high school and then college at Penn State. He was a walk-on linebacker with the Nittany Lions under coach Joe Paterno from 1994 to 1997, playing mostly on the scout team and earning academic All-Big Ten honors.
Lincoln Riley, USC Trojans: Riley played quarterback in his hometown of Muleshoe, Texas, helping his high school team to the state semifinals as a senior despite a shoulder injury that never fully healed and caused him to throw sidearm. He had offers to play in the Ivy League but instead walked on at Texas Tech, where he made the team but didn’t play and eventually became a student assistant for coach Mike Leach.
Dabo Swinney, Clemson Tigers: There’s a reason why Swinney feels so strongly about walk-ons and their place in major college football. He was one at Alabama, after growing up in the state, and later earned a scholarship as a wide receiver for the Tide. Swinney, who had seven career catches, lettered from 1990 to 1992, and was a part of Bama’s 1992 title team.
Small-school grads (17)
Dave Aranda, Baylor Bears: Aranda’s football career was defined by toughness. He underwent five shoulder surgeries as a high school linebacker and offensive lineman and played the second half of his final playoff game with a broken clavicle. Denied admission to the Navy because of his shoulder issues, Aranda went to junior college and then Division II Cal Lutheran, where he briefly tried to play. Another shoulder injury ended his playing career.
Bill Belichick, North Carolina Tar Heels: The son of longtime Navy assistant Steve Belichick, Bill played football and lacrosse in high school and also in college at Wesleyan University. He was a reserve center and tight end for Wesleyan, captained the lacrosse team and also lettered in squash.
Ryan Carty, Delaware Blue Hens: A New Jersey native, Carty came to Delaware and was a reserve quarterback throughout his career. The undersized Carty played behind Andy Hall as Delaware won the Division I-AA national title in 2003, and later backed up Joe Flacco with the Blue Hens. Carty was named a team captain as a senior in 2006.
Jamey Chadwell, Liberty Flames: Chadwell has been ahead of the curve with offensive schemes both as a coach and a player. He starred at quarterback in a spread offense for Anderson County High School in Tennessee. He then played at East Tennessee State in the late 1990s and was set to start in 1997, before a broken ankle moved him to a reserve role.
Jeff Choate Nevada Wolf Pack: Choate grew up in rural Idaho and played two seasons at Montana Western, an NAIA program. His career as a linebacker looked promising, but a car accident before Choate’s junior season left him with a serious knee injury that ultimately ended his playing career.
Dave Doeren, NC State Wolfpack: A native of Kansas, Doeren played linebacker at FCS Drake in the early 1990s, earning four letters at the school. As a senior, he was named an academic All-America selection. He then began his coaching career at his alma mater.
Mike Elko, Texas A&M Aggies: The New Jersey native played both quarterback and defensive back in high school before coming to Penn, where his future was set on defense. He became a smart and productive safety for the Quakers. Elko earned letters in 1995, 1997 and 1998, when he helped Penn to an Ivy League title.
Matt Entz, Fresno State Bulldogs: Entz grew up in Waterloo, Iowa, and attended nearby Wartburg College, where his parents, grandparents and great-grandfather had also attended. He was part of a stretch that included 19 straight wins from 1993 to 1994, and two Division III playoff appearances.
Kirk Ferentz, Iowa Hawkeyes: Ferentz played high school football in Pittsburgh, and also was a standout left-handed baseball pitcher. He went on to play linebacker at UConn, then a Division II program, where he was named defensive MVP and served as a team captain in the mid 1970s.
Tony Gibson, Marshall Thundering Herd: The West Virginia native stayed close to home for college at Glenville State, where he played defensive back and helped the team to two West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference championships. Gibson played for Glenville State from 1991 to 1994.
Butch Jones, Arkansas State Red Wolves: Jones grew up near the eastern shores of Lake Michigan, where his father served as police chief in Saugatuck, Michigan. Butch went to Division II Ferris State to play running back and wide receiver and earned letters his first two seasons. A knee injury ended his career and moved him into coaching.
Pete Lembo, Buffalo Bulls: Lembo grew up on Staten Island before attending Georgetown, where he started four seasons on the Hoyas’ offensive line. Lembo played center and was a team captain as a senior in 1991. He also earned the Coaches’ Award for outstanding leadership.
Derek Mason, Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders: Mason grew up in Phoenix and starred for Camelback High School before staying in-state for college at Northern Arizona. He earned four letters with the Lumberjacks and started two seasons. Mason also competed in track there.
Jeff Monken, Army Black Knights: Monken grew up in Illinois and played multiple sports both in high school and college. He attended Millikin University, a Division III program in Decatur, Illinois, where he played wide receiver and also earned two letters in track, serving as a co-captain in 1989.
Bill O’Brien, Boston College Eagles: He’s known for coaching offense and quarterbacks but played defensive end and linebacker at Brown. O’Brien earned letters there in 1991 and 1992.
Brent Pry, Virginia Tech Hokies: Pry was born in Pennsylvania and attended high school in Virginia, where he earned all-state honors as a quarterback and a defensive back. He started college as a safety at Maryville College in 1988 before transferring to Buffalo, then also a Division III program. Pry lettered in 1990 but sustained a career-ending injury in 1991.
Jeff Traylor, UTSA Roadrunners: He grew up in Gilmer, Texas, and played for the high school team that he would later coach to three state championships and 12 district championships. Traylor walked onto the team at Stephen F. Austin and played four years as a reserve tight end. He earned two degrees from the school.
Pre-portal transfers (10)
Fran Brown, Syracuse Orange: Brown started off as a high school quarterback in Camden, New Jersey, setting a team record with 47 touchdown passes and earning all-league honors three times. After starting college at Hudson Valley Community College, Brown played cornerback at Western Carolina, where he was a team captain and earned first-team all-league honors. Brown spent two seasons on the Cincinnati Bengals’ practice squad.
Clay Helton, Georgia Southern Eagles: Helton finished high school in Texas before heading to Auburn. He was a backup quarterback there before transferring to Houston, where his father Kim was head coach. Clay also held a reserve role at Houston but saw some action in 1994, completing 46 passes in eight games for 417 yards with a touchdown and four interceptions.
Phil Longo, Sam Houston Bearkats: He began his college career in Pennsylvania at East Stroudsburg University, where he played quarterback for a year before transferring to Rowan University. Longo played running back for Rowan and helped the team to its first championship in the New Jersey Athletic Conference, as well as its first Division III playoff appearance.
Bronco Mendenhall, Utah State Aggies: A Utah native, Mendenhall had a decorated career at two college programs. He started in juco at Snow College and earned All-America honors in 1985 as he helped the team to an undefeated season and an NJCAA national championship. Mendenhall then went to the Pac-10 at Oregon State, where he played safety and linebacker and was a team captain in 1987.
Sherrone Moore, Michigan Wolverines: The Kansas native began his college career in the state at Butler Community College, where he started two seasons, helped the team to two league titles and earned second-team all-conference recognition as a guard. Moore then transferred to Oklahoma, where he appeared in 14 games during two seasons and played for two Big 12 championship squads.
Pat Narduzzi, Pitt Panthers: Narduzzi was an all-state linebacker in Ohio and began his college career at Youngstown State, where his father Bill served as head coach. Pat started his freshman season at YSU in 1985 and led the Ohio Valley Conference in tackles before transferring to Rhode Island, where he started from 1987 to 1989.
Tony Sanchez, New Mexico State Aggies: Sanchez began his college career at Oakland’s Laney College, where he was a standout wide receiver. He then transferred to New Mexico State and played his final two seasons there, recording 42 receptions for 546 yards as a senior. Sanchez earned letters in both years at NMSU.
Willie Simmons, Florida International Panthers: A coveted quarterback recruit, Simmons went to Clemson and earned three letters, spending two seasons as a backup before starting in 2002. He passed for 2,530 yards and 16 touchdowns in 24 games with the Tigers. After helping Clemson to three bowl games, Simmons transferred to The Citadel and earned first-team all-league honors in 2003. He then spent one season in the United Indoor Football League.
Brent Venables, Oklahoma Sooners: Venables grew up in Kansas and played at two schools within his home state, first at Garden City Community College, where he was a junior college All-America linebacker with 276 career tackles. He then transferred to Kansas State and played for coach Bill Snyder, earning honorable mention All-Big Eight honors in 1992 after recording 124 tackles.
Scotty Walden, UTEP Miners: The 35-year-old Walden can certainly relate to the experience of the modern college football player. He spent time at three schools: Dordt College in Iowa, and Hardin-Simmons University and Sul Ross State in Texas. Walden started in 2008 for Dordt and 2011 for Sul Ross State, and played both quarterback and defensive back for Hardin-Simmons in between. He was a team captain as a senior in 2011.
Group of 5 stars (6)
Troy Calhoun, Air Force Falcons: Calhoun played quarterback at Air Force in the 1980s, and was one of just two freshmen to letter on the 1985 team that finished 12-1. He eventually became the Falcons’ starter under longtime coach Fisher DeBerry.
P.J. Fleck, Minnesota Golden Gophers: After a decorated high school career that featured all-state honors in three sports and two state championships, Fleck went to Northern Illinois, where he earned first-team All-MAC honors as a senior and helped the team to 10 wins. Fleck set a team record for career punt returns and had 77 receptions for 1,028 yards and six touchdowns in 2003. He spent two years in the San Francisco 49ers organization, appearing in one game.
Lane Kiffin, Ole Miss Rebels: He has been around the game since birth as the son of Monte Kiffin, a longtime defensive guru in both college football and the NFL. Lane Kiffin attended high school in Minnesota, playing football, basketball and baseball. In college at Fresno State, he shared the quarterback room with David Carr, an eventual No. 1 NFL draft pick. After three years as a reserve, Kiffin became a student assistant as a senior.
Jerry Mack, Kennesaw State Owls: A Memphis native, Mack began his college career as a wide receiver at Jackson State before transferring to Arkansas State. He earned letters in his three seasons with Arkansas State and saw his most field action in 2002.
Ken Niumatalolo, San Jose State Spartans: Niumatalolo grew up in Honolulu and became a multisport star at Radford High School, which he led to an Oahu Prep Bowl Championship. After serving an LDS mission, he played quarterback at the University of Hawai’i, earning three letters and helping the Rainbows to their first bowl appearance in 1989.
Brian Smith, Ohio Bobcats: Smith was a standout California high school wrestler in addition to playing football. He went to Hawai’i for college and primarily played long snapper during his first few seasons but eventually became the team’s starting center in 2000 and 2001. He spent 2002 and 2003 as a free agent with the Baltimore Ravens and Green Bay Packers.
Small-school standouts (22)
Tim Albin, Charlotte 49ers: The Oklahoma native didn’t drift far for college, playing at Division II Northwestern Oklahoma State, where he was an all-conference wide receiver. He had 109 career receptions for 1,811 yards from 1985 to 1988, and became the school’s first player to earn all-district honors three times.
David Braun, Northwestern Wildcats: Braun was a defensive lineman at Winona State in Minnesota, earning all-league honors. He served as a captain and helped the team to three conference championships and three Division II playoff appearances.
Jason Candle, Toledo Rockets: Few college programs at any level have a stronger coaching tree than Mount Union, a Division III powerhouse where Candle, Super Bowl champion Nick Sirianni and others played. Candle was an all-conference wide receiver for the Purple Raiders, contributing to two national championships and leading the team in receptions (41), receiving yards (778), and touchdowns (9) in 2001.
Mark Carney, Kent State Golden Flashes: Carney, serving as Kent State’s interim coach for the 2025 season, was a standout quarterback at Fordham. He won team MVP honors in 2001, when he twice eclipsed 365 passing yards and was named second-team All-Patriot League. Carney had nine career games of 200 passing yards or more and ranks in the top 15 in team history for several categories, including sixth for single-season touchdown passes (27).
Bob Chesney, James Madison Dukes: Chesney played college ball at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, a Division III program. Chesney stood out at defensive back for Dickinson, twice earning second-team all-league honors and being named team MVP in 1997. He was a team captain as a senior.
Chris Creighton, Eastern Michigan Eagles: His fascinating path began in San Francisco and took him to Kenyon College in Ohio, where he was a Kenyon hall of fame quarterback and set single-season conference records for passing yardage (2,843) and touchdowns (29). He led Kenyon to its only North Coast Athletic Conference title in 1989 and later guided a Swedish team, the Limhamn Griffins, to a national championship as player-coach in 1993.
Spencer Danielson, Boise State Broncos: The Southern California native began his college career at the University of San Diego before transferring to Azusa Pacific, where he became a standout linebacker. Danielson started 29 games in his career and finished with 190 tackles, 12.5 tackles for loss, 2.5 sacks and 5 interceptions between 2009 and 2012.
Jake Dickert, Wake Forest Demon Deacons: Dickert attended Wisconsin-Stevens Point, where he was recruited to play quarterback but switched to wide receiver. He had an appendectomy as a senior but missed only two games and led the league in receptions per game (7), while ranking third in receiving yards (74 YPG) and earning second-team all-conference honors.
Willie Fritz, Houston Cougars: You simply don’t sport this haircut without backing it up, which Fritz did as a four-year starter at Pittsburg State in Kansas, where he played for two league championship squads. He also played point guard for the school’s basketball team from 1978 to 1981.
Willie Fritz
Pittsburg State, Defensive Back/Punt Returner 1978-1981 pic.twitter.com/RJ642VY5j5— Random College Athletes (@RandomAthletess) September 7, 2021
Joe Harasymiak, UMass Minutemen: The New Jersey native went to Division III Springfield College in Massachusetts, where he became a captain and a standout defensive back. He tied team records for single-season interceptions (10 in 2006) and career interceptions (17 from 2004 to 2007). He was a co-captain in 2007.
Charles Huff, Southern Miss Golden Eagles: Huff had a versatile and successful career at Hampton, an FCS program, where he played center, guard, fullback and tight end. He started at center in 2005 when Hampton went undefeated and won one of three MEAC championships during Huff’s career. Huff played on two teams that reached the FCS playoffs.
K.C. Keeler, Temple Owls: After playing four sports in high school in Pennsylvania, Keeler came to Delaware, where he started at linebacker as the Blue Hens won a Division II national championship in 1979. He started three seasons and recorded six interceptions, including picks on three consecutive pass attempts in a 1978 Division II playoff quarterfinal. Keeler signed as a free agent with the Philadelphia Eagles but was cut.
Brian Kelly, LSU Tigers: After growing up in the Boston area, Kelly attended Assumption University in Worcester, Massachusetts, where he became a standout middle linebacker. Kelly would earn all-league honors in the New England Collegiate Football Conference and set a team record for tackles with 314.
Chris Klieman, Kansas State Wildcats: Klieman played college ball at Northern Iowa. He was a three-time all-conference defensive back for the Panthers and earned four letters with the program. Klieman helped the team to conference titles in 1987 and 1990, and two FCS playoff wins in 1987.
Dan Lanning, Oregon Ducks: Lanning grew up near Kansas City and played for William Jewell, an NAIA program. He was a linebacker there from 2004 to 2008. As a senior, he recorded 57 tackles, including 10.5 for loss and 4.5 sacks, and added a forced fumble while earning all-conference honors.
Mike Locksley, Maryland Terrapins: Locksley grew up in Washington D.C. and played college ball in Baltimore at Towson, where he started at safety and was a defensive captain. He earned defensive MVP honors as a senior in 1991 and finished 19th on the school’s all-time tackles list.
Joe Moorhead, Akron Zips: Moorhead played quarterback for Fordham, where he started three seasons and was a team captain as a senior. He earned second-team All-Patriot League honors as a senior in 1995 and finished with team single-season and career records for both completions and passing yards.
Dan Mullen, UNLV Rebels: Mullen played tight end for Ursinus College, a Division III program in Pennsylvania, where he earned two letters and was a first-team All-Centennial Conference selection as a senior in 1993.
Mike Norvell, Florida State Seminoles: Like Fritz, Norvell had an unforgettable college haircut while playing wide receiver at Central Arkansas, then a Division II program. But he, too, backed it up with great play. Norvell finished as the team’s career receptions leader with 213. He was fifth in career receiving yards with 2,611. He helped the Bears to an 11-win season and a Gulf South championship as a senior.
#FlashbackFriday Mike Norvell rocking the corn rows as a player at Central Arkansas. #PlayOnPlaya pic.twitter.com/aZxpUguXPH
— College Sports Only 🏈 🏀 ⚾️ (@CollegeSportsO) November 25, 2016
Scott Satterfield, Cincinnati Bearcats: Satterfield is among the key figures to propel Appalachian State up the ranks and into the FBS. He started 27 games at quarterback for the FCS Mountaineers from 1992 to 1995. Satterfield earned first-team all-league honors as a dual-threat QB in his final year, as Appalachian State went 11-0 in the regular season and finished 12-1.
Jay Sawvel, Wyoming Cowboys: Part of the vast Mount Union tree, Sawvel grew up in Ohio and attended Mount, where he earned three letters and was an all-conference selection as a senior in 1993, as the Purple Raiders won the Division III national title. He had 118 tackles that fall.
Greg Schiano, Rutgers Scarlet Knights: The New Jersey native played college ball at Bucknell, where he earned three letters and led the team with 114 tackles as a junior. Schiano was named to the All-Patriot League team that fall and captained the Bucknell team as a senior in 1987, earning Sporting News preseason All-America honors that year.
Small-school superstars (9)
Ryan Day, Ohio State Buckeyes: Few New Hampshirites have had better careers within the state than Day. He was a star quarterback for Manchester Central High School, becoming Gatorade Player of the Year in 1996 after setting state records for career pass yards (4,099) and touchdown passes (57). Day then attended the University of New Hampshire, where he started for then-offensive coordinator Chip Kelly. He set nine team records there, including career touchdown passes, completions, completion percentage and total offense.
Matt Campbell, Iowa State Cyclones: Campbell said playing at Mount Union, after a difficult year at Pitt, “saved my life,” and put him on a path to success. He joined the Division III power and helped the Purple Raiders to three consecutive national championships and four league titles. A defensive lineman, Campbell was twice named defensive lineman of the year in the Ohio Athletic Conference and earned All-America honors as the team went 54-1 in his career.
James Franklin, Penn State Nittany Lions: Franklin went to East Stroudsburg, a Division II program. He started at quarterback during the 1993 and 1994 seasons, finishing sixth nationally in total offense in 1994 (312.9 YPG). Franklin had 4,498 passing yards and 33 touchdowns in his two seasons as the starter, and finished with 23 team records.
Tre Lamb, Tulsa Golden Hurricane: Lamb comes from a football family and earned Georgia all-state honors as a high school quarterback while playing for his father, Hal. He went 21-4 as the starter before coming to Tennessee Tech, where he was a three-time captain and in 2011 led the team to its first league title since 1975 and its first FCS playoff appearance. Lamb set three team records, including single-season total offense, and had 5,301 career passing yards.
Lance Leipold, Kansas Jayhawks: Before leading Wisconsin-Whitewater to six Division III national championships in eight years as coach, Leipold played quarterback for the Warhawks. He led Whitewater to a conference title in 1984 and finished his career with nine team records, including single-season completions (145), attempts (306) and yards (2,034). Leipold finished his career with 4,277 passing yards on 303 completions.
Chuck Martin, Miami (Ohio) RedHawks: He played college ball at Division III Millikin from 1986 to 1990. Martin earned All-America honors as both a safety and a placekicker, and was named an academic All-American.
Billy Napier, Florida Gators: After playing high school football for his father, Bill, Napier went to Furman, where he twice earned All-Southern Conference honors as a quarterback. Furman won two league titles and reached the Division I-AA (now FCS) national championship game in Napier’s junior season of 2001. Napier set team records as a senior with 64.8% completions and 2,475 yards and was a finalist for the Walter Payton Award, given to the top FCS player.
Ricky Rahne, Old Dominion Monarchs: Rahne became one of the best players in Cornell history, setting 33 team passing and total offense records as a three-year starter. Rahne’s 7,718 passing yards marked the third most among Ivy League players, and he set Cornell marks for total offense (7,994 yards), completions (678), touchdown passes (54) and other categories. He twice earned honorable mention all-league honors and was a three-time team MVP.
Jimmy Rogers, Washington State Cougars: Before coaching South Dakota State to national titles, Rogers was a tackling machine for the Jackrabbits from 2006 to 2009. He started all four years at linebacker and earned all-conference honors two times, including a first-team selection in 2007. He led the Great West Football Conference with 110 tackles that fall, and finished his career with 312 career tackles, 3 interceptions and 3 forced fumbles. Rogers was a captain on South Dakota State’s first FCS playoff team.
POWER 4 KEY CONTRIBUTORS (8)
Shane Beamer, South Carolina Gamecocks: The Beamer coaching family is known for special teams, and Shane not surprisingly served as the starting long snapper for Virginia Tech, where his father Frank was a Hall of Fame coach. Shane snapped and played wide receiver on five bowl teams and three Big East championship teams, including the 1999 squad that played for a national title.
Bret Bielema, Illinois Fighting Illini: Bielema is in the vast coaching tree of ex-Iowa players. He walked on as a defensive lineman before earning a scholarship from longtime coach Hayden Fry. He played for Iowa’s Big Ten title team in 1990, started in 1991 and was a co-captain in 1992. Bielema had brief stints with the Seattle Seahawks and the Arena League’s Milwaukee Mustangs.
Bret Bielema during his playing days at Iowa (1988-1992):
• walk-on defensive lineman
• earned a scholarship
• named team captain his senior yearThis is a Bert appreciation tweet. pic.twitter.com/Rw79TsH1NM
— Ben Stevens (@BenScottStevens) January 19, 2023
Dell McGee, Georgia State Panthers: McGee grew up in Columbus, Georgia, and played defensive back at Auburn, where he earned four letters and started two seasons. He had a late interception in the 1993 Iron Bowl to help undefeated Auburn defeat Alabama. McGee was a fifth-round NFL draft pick in 1996 and played in the NFL, NFL Europe, XFL and the Arena Football League during seven pro seasons.
Frank Reich, Stanford Cardinal: Reich played quarterback at Maryland, where he backed up Boomer Esiason for three seasons. He finally started as a senior and led the largest comeback in NCAA history against reigning national champion Miami, as Maryland erased a 31-0 deficit to win 42-40. Reich set a team record with six touchdown passes and finished with 1,446 passing yards that fall. A third-round draft pick by Buffalo, Reich played behind Jim Kelly but led the Bills to the largest comeback in NFL history against Houston in the 1993 playoffs.
The Making of a Miracle.
Frank Reich to Greg Hill for 68-yards to stun the Canes in the Orange Bowl! pic.twitter.com/4665ka4Ezc
— Maryland Football (@TerpsFootball) July 21, 2020
Rich Rodriguez, West Virginia Mountaineers: RichRod is back in his home state, where he was an all-state football and basketball player in high school before going to WVU. He walked on and started at defensive back in 1981, before earning letters from 1982 to 1984. Rodriguez had a key interception in WVU’s 1984 win against Penn State, which ended a 29-year losing streak to the Nittany Lions. Rodriguez had 54 career tackles and three interceptions as a backup safety.
Kalani Sitake, BYU Cougars: An all-state high school running back in Missouri, Sitake came to BYU and played fullback for Hall of Fame coach Lavell Edwards. He started three seasons and served as team captain in 2000, Edwards’ final year as Cougars coach. Sitake had 70 carries, 57 receptions and 752 all-purpose yards in his career. He signed with the Cincinnati Bengals as a free agent but did not play because of injury.
Jon Sumrall, Tulane Green Wave: A two-time all-state high school player in Huntsville, Alabama, Sumrall went to Kentucky, where he earned three letters and started at middle linebacker during the 2004 season. He led the team in tackles that fall with 72, while recording a sack and an interception.
Mark Stoops, Kentucky Wildcats: Another former Iowa player under coach Hayden Fry, Stoops followed his brothers Bob and Mike as Hawkeyes defensive backs. He participated in four bowl games with the Hawkeyes, earned three letters and recorded two interceptions.
The 30 best
30. Luke Fickell, Wisconsin Badgers: The conversation about Fickell’s athletic career has to start with wrestling, since he won three consecutive state titles in Ohio and posted a record of 106-0. He then played nose guard for Ohio State, starting all four seasons for the Buckeyes and setting a team record with 50 consecutive starts in the mid-1990s. Fickell finished with 206 career tackles, including 26 for loss and six sacks, while adding two interceptions.
29. Ryan Beard, Missouri State Bears: Beard was a star high school defensive back before going to Western Kentucky. He twice earned All-Sun Belt honors with the Hilltoppers, and made the Sun Belt’s all-freshman team in 2008, when he started 10 games and led the team with three interceptions. Beard had a career-high 71 tackles as a junior and 51 during his senior season.
28. Eric Morris, North Texas Mean Green: A standout high school receiver, Morris played for coach Mike Leach at Texas Tech in the Air Raid offense. He became a key contributor in his final two seasons and finished with 184 receptions for 1,965 yards and 19 touchdowns. Morris also earned second-team All-Big 12 honors as a punt returner, averaging more than 10 yards per runback.
27. Justin Wilcox, California Golden Bears: The son of Pro Football Hall of Fame linebacker Dave Wilcox, Justin followed the family path and played at Oregon after quarterbacking his high school to a state title. He switched to defense with the Ducks and played safety, corner and nickel, and was on three bowl teams. Wilcox earned second-team All-Pac-10 honors as a senior in 1999.
26. Jay Norvell, Colorado State Rams: Yet another coach with Iowa/Hayden Fry roots, Norvell played safety for the Hawkeyes, much like the Stoops brothers. He became an All-Big Ten player and led the league with seven interceptions in 1985, as the team won the Big Ten and went to the Rose Bowl. Norvell went undrafted in the NFL but became a “Spare Bear” during the 1987 labor strike and appeared in six games that season.
25. Brent Key, Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets: Anyone who has followed Key’s coaching career knows he’s an unapologetic ex-offensive lineman who loves to RUN THE BAWL. He started at guard from 1997 to 2000 under coach George O’Leary, and earned All-ACC honors as a senior, when he also captained the team. Georgia Tech finished ranked in the AP Top 25 in all four of Key’s seasons there.
24. Barry Odom, Purdue Boilermakers: A high school star in Oklahoma who played running back and linebacker, Odom left the state for Missouri and became a productive linebacker for the Tigers. He appeared in 10 games in each of his four seasons with Missouri, and recorded 362 career tackles, which ranks seventh on the team’s all-time list. Odom earned third-team All-Big 12 honors in 1998 and honorable mention honors in 1997 and 1999.
23. Kalen DeBoer, Alabama Crimson Tide: DeBoer was the Bo Jackson of Sioux Falls, South Dakota, shattering University of Sioux Falls team records in both football and baseball. He hit .520 in 1998 and finished as a .492 hitter with records for average, home runs, hits and RBIs. DeBoer was an All-America wide receiver in 1996, helping Sioux Falls to its first NAIA Division II national title. As a senior, he set a team record with 99 receptions for 1,372 yards. DeBoer briefly played professionally in an indoor football league.
22. Thomas Hammock, Northern Illinois Huskies: Hammock played a key role in NIU’s rise under coach Joe Novak, as he had consecutive 1,000-yard rushing seasons in 2000 and 2001. He earned first-team All-MAC honors in both seasons, playing ahead of future NFL back Michael Turner. A heart condition forced him to retire from football in 2002, but he finished with 2,432 rushing yards and 25 touchdowns.
21. Sam Pittman, Arkansas Razorbacks: One of several NAIA All-America selections on this list, Pittman was a standout defensive lineman at Pittsburg State in Kansas. He earned first-team All-America honors at end and made the all-conference team three times while putting up record-setting numbers at end. Pittman had 46 career sacks, including a team-record 22 in 1982. The Oklahoma native was a high school state champion in the shot put.
20. Mario Cristobal, Miami Hurricanes: He was a first-team All-Big East offensive lineman who helped Miami to national titles in 1989 and 1991. Cristobal earned four letters at The U and then spent a season as a Denver Broncos free agent and two in NFL Europe with Amsterdam.
19. Marcus Freeman, Notre Dame Fighting Irish: A Parade high school All-American from the Dayton, Ohio, area, Freeman played college ball at Ohio State, where he started 37 games at linebacker, often alongside James Laurinaitis. He earned second-team All-Big Ten honors in each of his final two seasons, and finished with 268 career tackles, including 23 for loss and six sacks, as well as two interceptions and two forced fumbles. A fifth-round NFL draft pick, Freeman spent time with three teams before retiring because of a heart condition.
18. Sonny Cumbie, Louisiana Tech Bulldogs: A standout athlete from West Texas, Cumbie passed up scholarship offers to walk on at Texas Tech. He played behind Kliff Kingsbury and B.J. Symons until 2004, when he became the starter and led the nation with 4,742 passing yards, while recording 32 touchdown passes and completing more than 65% of his attempts. He earned Holiday Bowl MVP honors after passing for 520 yards against Cal. Cumbie was named 2006 Rookie of the Year in the Arena Football League with the Los Angeles Avengers, and led the team to the playoffs the following year.
17. Trent Bray, Oregon State Beavers: Bray grew up around football as his father, Craig, was a longtime college coach in the Northwest. He then followed his dad to Oregon State, where Trent started 34 consecutive games at linebacker. He earned first-team All-Pac-10 honors in 2005 and second-team honors in 2004. He ranks sixth in team history with 337 career tackles.
16. Jeff Brohm, Louisville Cardinals: Brohm is on the Mount Rushmore of football in his hometown of Louisville. A quarterback for Trinity High, Brohm was named Kentucky high school player of the decade for the 1980s, and won Kentucky Mr. Football in 1988. He then started three seasons at Louisville, twice earning team MVP honors and passing for 5,451 and 38 touchdowns. Brohm still ranks among the school’s top 10 in most major passing categories. He then played eight NFL seasons but saw the field rarely, before earning first-team All-XFL honors with the Orlando Rage in 2001.
15. Kirby Smart, Georgia Bulldogs: Smart was a star high school safety for his father, Sonny, a longtime Georgia high school coach, before coming to Athens to play for the Bulldogs. Kirby lettered in all four seasons as a ball-hawking defensive back, and had at least one interception per year. He earned first-team All-SEC recognition as a senior in 1998. He had six interceptions in 1997 and five — tops in the SEC — during his senior season. Smart’s 13 career interceptions ranks sixth in team history. He went undrafted and went to a tryout with the Indianapolis Colts before entering coaching.
14. Michael Desormeaux, Louisiana Ragin’ Cajuns: Desormeaux had a memorable playing career in southern Louisiana, first as an all-state quarterback from New Iberia, and then at the University of Louisiana, then Louisiana-Lafayette. He became an all-purpose star and dual-threat quarterback, earning All-Sun Belt honors three times, setting the team single-season passing efficiency record and being named Sun Belt Player of the Year in 2008. He became only the eighth FBS quarterback to record consecutive 1,000-yard rushing seasons and finished with 3,893 passing yards and 23 touchdowns, and 2,843 rushing yards and 16 touchdowns. Desormeaux played briefly on NFL and CFL practice squads after his college career.
13. G.J. Kinne, Texas State Bobcats: A decorated high school quarterback from Texas, Kinne began his college career at the University of Texas before transferring to Tulsa. He became a three-year starter for the Golden Hurricane, earning Conference USA Offensive Player of the Year honors in 2010. Kinne was a second-team all-league selection in 2011 and finished his Tulsa career with 9,472 passing yards and 81 touchdowns, eclipsing 2,700 passing yards and 20 touchdowns in all three years he played there. He spent 2012 to 2016 bouncing around the NFL, CFL and Arena League but rarely seeing the field.
12. Kyle Whittingham, Utah Utes: A coach synonymous with Utah football initially had more connections to archrival BYU. Whittingham grew up in Provo and starred for Provo High School and then BYU, where he racked up 240 tackles in his final two seasons. In 1981, he was named WAC Defensive Player of the Year after recording 7 sacks, 16 tackles for loss, 3 fumble recoveries, 2 interceptions and 9 quarterback hurries. Whittingham played in the first four Holiday Bowls, earning Defensive MVP honors in 1981. He spent time with two USFL teams and was a replacement player for the Los Angeles Rams in the 1987 NFL labor strike.
11. Timmy Chang, Hawai’i Rainbow Warriors: College football fans of a certain age undoubtedly remember staying up late to watch Chang dissect defenses at old Aloha Stadium. A prolific quarterback in coach June Jones’ run-and-shoot offense, Chang set Division I records for passing yardage (17,072), total offense (16,901), completions (1,388) and attempts (2,436). Chang earned All-WAC honors four times, twice earned Hawai’i Bowl co-MVP honors and was a finalist for the Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award. He bounced around the NFL, NFL Europe and CFL after college.
1:08
Flashback: Timmy Chang’s 5 TDs power 2004 Hawai’i Bowl victory
Timmy Chang throws four touchdowns and rushes for another as Hawai’i defeats UAB to win the 2004 Hawai’i Bowl.
10. Major Applewhite, South Alabama Jaguars: After an impressive high school career as a quarterback in Louisiana, Applewhite came to Texas, where he made an immediate impact for the Longhorns. He earned Big 12 Freshman of the Year honors in 1998, when he set Texas freshman records for passing yards (2,453) and passing touchdowns (18). Applewhite was named Big 12 Co-Offensive Player of the Year in 1999 and went 22-8 as Texas’ starter, despite playing behind Chris Simms for much of the 2001 season. He left with Texas records for career passing yards (8,353), single-season passing yards (3,357 in 1999) and career touchdown passes (60), and still ranks in the top five in many categories. Applewhite signed a free agent contract with the New England Patriots but soon quit to pursue coaching.
9. Scott Frost, UCF Knights: A Parade All-America selection at Nebraska’s Wood River High School, Frost piled up yards as a dual-threat quarterback and also shined in basketball and track. But he started college at Stanford, where he played quarterback and safety before transferring back home. Frost became Nebraska’s QB1 in 1996 and had 22 touchdowns (13 pass, 9 rush), winning Big 12 newcomer of the year. In 1997, he became Nebraska’s first QB to eclipse 1,000 yards in both passing and rushing yards as he helped the team to a national title. A third-round NFL draft pick, Frost played safety for four teams in six years.
8. Trent Dilfer, UAB Blazers: Part of the impressive Fresno State quarterback tradition, Dilfer started for two and a half seasons with the Bulldogs, helping the team to three outright or shared WAC titles. He shined in bowl games against USC and Colorado and won WAC Offensive Player of the Year honors in 1993, when he passed for 3,799 yards and 30 touchdowns. Dilfer also earned the Sammy Baugh Trophy as the nation’s top quarterback. He skipped his season to enter the NFL, where he was drafted No. 6 and had 20,518 passing yards and 113 touchdowns during a 14-year career. Dilfer made the Pro Bowl in 1997 and helped the Baltimore Ravens to a victory in Super Bowl XXXV.
7. Jonathan Smith, Michigan State Spartans: Smith is one of the great underdog stories among current college coaches. He came to Oregon State as a walk-on quarterback from Glendora, California, but took over as the Beavers’ starter on Halloween 1998. Smith would start the final 38 games of his career, and set Oregon State records for passing yards (9,680), touchdown passes (55) and single-season passing yards (3,053 yards in 1999). He twice earned All-Pac-10 honors, twice served as captain and led Oregon State to an 11-win season and a No. 4 final AP ranking in 2000, when he earned Fiesta Bowl Offensive MVP honors in a win against Notre Dame.
6. DeShaun Foster, UCLA Bruins: A workhorse running back for UCLA, Foster left with the team record for career carries (722) and ranked in the top five for career touchdowns (44), rushing yards (3,194) and scoring (266 points). As a senior he led the Pac-10 in rushing (138.6 YPG), scoring (9.75 PPG) and all-purpose yards (154.75 YPG). Foster twice earned first-team all-league honors and was a second-team All-America selection in 2001. A second-round draft pick of the Carolina Panthers, Foster played six NFL seasons and had a 33-yard touchdown against New England in Super Bowl XXXVIII. He was inducted into the UCLA hall of fame in 2022.
5. Mike Gundy, Oklahoma State Cowboys: Gundy led his high school to a state championship, earning Oklahoma Player of the Year honors, and also excelling in baseball. He then came to Oklahoma State, where he started all four seasons and began his career with 138 pass attempts without an interception, then an NCAA record. In Gundy’s final two seasons, playing alongside running backs Thurman Thomas and Barry Sanders, Oklahoma State went 20-4 and won two bowl games. He finished as the Big Eight’s career leader in pass yards (8,473) and total offense (8,272 yards).
4. Steve Sarkisian, Texas Longhorns: As an undersized high school quarterback, Sarkisian wasn’t recruited heavily and started his college career as a USC baseball player. He then went to El Camino College, where he resumed football. Sarkisian became a junior college All-American in 1994 and set a juco record for completion percentage (74.2), while also playing baseball. His next stop was BYU, where he had great success as a two-year starter, earning All-WAC honors as a junior and being named WAC Offensive Player of the Year and a second-team All-American as a senior. That fall, he won the Sammy Baugh Trophy as the nation’s top quarterback, led the nation in passer rating and finished with 4,027 passing yards and 33 touchdowns. Sarkisian helped BYU (14-1) to a No. 5 finish. He then played three seasons in the CFL, starting in 1999 for Saskatchewan.
3. Josh Heupel, Tennessee Volunteers: Heupel grew up in South Dakota and was the state’s player of the year in high school. But without a clear path to start for a major college program, he first went to Weber State, where he went through an ACL injury and appeared in only four games before transferring within the state to Snow College. Heupel earned junior college All-America honors there before transferring to Oklahoma. He immediately made his presence known in 1999 with 3,850 passing yards and 33 touchdowns. Heupel then led the Sooners to a national title in 2000, recording 3,606 passing yards and 20 touchdowns. He was named AP Player of the Year, won the Walter Camp Award and consensus All-America honors, and was runner-up for the Heisman Trophy. A sixth-round NFL draft pick in 2001, Heupel didn’t see time in the pros.
2. Eddie George, Bowling Green Falcons: The debate between George and Deion Sanders for the top spot gave these rankings a fun new flavor. Sanders’ overall athletic exploits gave him the edge, but he doesn’t have a Heisman Trophy. George captured the 1995 Heisman after a monster season with Ohio State: 328 carries for a team-record 1,927 yards and 24 touchdowns, while adding 47 receptions for 417 yards. A massive player recruited by some colleges to play linebacker, George had 12 consecutive 100-yard rushing performances in 1995 and swept the Heisman, Maxwell, Walter Camp and Doak Walker awards. He had 1,442 rushing yards and 16 touchdowns as a junior, and was a College Football Hall of Fame inductee. A first-round NFL draft pick in 1996, George won Offensive Rookie of the Year honors and made four Pro Bowls. He joined Jim Brown as the only running back to eclipse 10,000 rushing yards while never missing a start.
1. Deion Sanders, Colorado Buffaloes: One of the greatest American athletes of the past 50 years, Sanders did it all and did it well at Florida State. He earned first-team All-America honors in his final two years after being named a third-team All-American in 1986. He captured the Jim Thorpe Award as the nation’s top defensive back and had 14 career interceptions, four pick-sixes, led the nation in punt returns in 1988 and had 1,429 career punt return yards with three touchdowns. Sanders also starred in baseball and track for Florida State. He played in the NFL from 1989 to 2005, earning All-Pro honors six times and being named defensive player of the year in 1994. The Pro and College Football Hall of Famer also played portions of nine seasons in Major League Baseball.
1:34
Deion was electric at Florida State
Before Deion Sanders was known as “Prime Time” in the NFL, he had his share of highlight-reel plays at Florida State.
Who never played (13)
Scott Abell, Rice Owls: Abell played both baseball and football growing up but went the baseball route at Longwood College, where he started at catcher on a team that reached the Division II World Series semifinals. Drafted by the Kansas City Royals in the 37th round of the 1992 amateur draft, Abell spent two seasons in the minor leagues.
Manny Diaz, Duke Blue Devils: Diaz grew up in Miami, where his father Manny was an attorney and later served as mayor from 2001 to 2009. The younger Manny Diaz played football, basketball and baseball in high school, where he earned recognition from the Miami Herald as a standout scholar-athlete. Diaz went to Florida State but did not play. He spent time in sports media, briefly working as a production assistant at ESPN, before entering coaching.
Kenny Dillingham, Arizona State Sun Devils: Dillingham began coaching as a 17-year-old in high school after an ACL tear ended his playing career. He coached the junior varsity team at his high school before coming to Arizona State, where he didn’t play but continued coaching at his high school.
Eliah Drinkwitz, Missouri Tigers: The Arkansas native earned all-state and all-conference recognition as an undersized linebacker for Alma High School. He went on to Arkansas Tech but didn’t play there, earning academic honors and serving as student body president.
Sonny Dykes, TCU Horned Frogs: The son of longtime Texas Tech football coach Spike Dykes, Sonny played quarterback in high school, as well as baseball. But when he came to Texas Tech, he ended up on the diamond as a first baseman for the Red Raiders in 1989 and 1990. Dykes actually began coaching baseball before pivoting to football.
Jedd Fisch, Washington Huskies: Fisch grew up in New Jersey but did not play football. An all-state tennis player in high school, he began coaching high school football as a student at Florida, while also working for Hall of Fame coach Steve Spurrier. Fisch also was roommates with current Philadelphia Eagles general manager Howie Roseman at Florida.
Hugh Freeze, Auburn Tigers: The son of a high school coach in Independence, Mississippi, Freeze was always around football. But he didn’t play the sport at a high level, instead playing baseball at Northwest Mississippi Community College, where he earned academic All-America honors in 1990. Freeze later transferred to Southern Miss but didn’t play baseball there.
Alex Golesh, South Florida Bulls: Golesh was born in Moscow (the one in Russia, not Idaho) and came to the United States at age 7, first living near New York and then Dublin, Ohio. Golesh played high school football there, earning three letters, but did not play in college at Ohio State.
Blake Harrell, East Carolina Pirates: Harrell attended Western Carolina but did not play there, and instead joined the coaching staff as a student assistant for the 2001 and 2002 seasons.
Joey McGuire, Texas Tech Red Raiders: McGuire’s coaching roots run deep in his home state, first as a high school coach before joining the college ranks at Baylor and now Texas Tech. But McGuire didn’t play football at Texas-Arlington, as he seemed headed for a career in medicine or pharmaceuticals before deciding to pursue football coaching instead.
Ryan Silverfield, Memphis Tigers: He was a standout defender for The Bolles School, a high school powerhouse in Jacksonville, Florida, which earned the nation’s No. 1 ranking and won two state titles. Silverfield earned first-team all-area honors as a senior, but a neck injury ended his career and he didn’t play college ball at Hampden-Sydney, a Division III program in Virginia.
Mike Uremovich, Ball State Cardinals: Uremovich grew up outside Chicago and played high school football at Providence Catholic, where he teamed with current Ball State defensive coordinator Jeff Knowles. He graduated from Purdue but did not play football there.
Bryant Vincent, UL Monroe Warhawks: Vincent grew up in Kentucky and played sports at Glasgow High School. He spent a semester at Western Kentucky before transferring to West Alabama, where he joined the baseball program. Vincent then became a student assistant in football and pursued coaching.
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Sports
2025 MLB draft guide: One big question and latest intel for all 30 teams
Published
8 hours agoon
July 7, 2025By
admin
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Kiley McDanielJul 7, 2025, 07:00 AM ET
Close- ESPN MLB Insider
- Kiley McDaniel covers MLB prospects, the MLB Draft and more, including trades and free agency.
- Has worked for three MLB teams.
Co-author of Author of ‘Future Value’
It’s MLB draft week!
This year’s draft will take place July 13-14 in Atlanta as part of Major League Baseball’s All-Star Game festivities hosted by the Atlanta Braves.
As we approach the start of Round 1, here is one big question facing each of the 30 MLB teams.
Teams are listed in draft order.
More draft coverage: Mock draft 2.0 | Top 150 prospects
Watch: July 13 at 6 p.m. ET on ESPN
Day 1 picks: No. 1, No. 49, No. 80
Bonus pool: $16,597,800
One big question: With C.J. Abrams, James Wood, Brady House and MacKenzie Gore in the big leagues, do the Nats’ opt for LSU lefty Kade Anderson over prep shortstop Ethan Holliday due to how they see their competitive timeline?
The industry believes the Nats are down to Holliday or Anderson for the No. 1 overall pick, with a small chance of another player being the choice. Anderson could be in the big leagues next season while Holliday likely takes a few years, at least.
Last year’s draft was the first with a new scouting group in place. The Nats picked No. 10 overall, at the tail end of the top tier of talent, and opted to go underslot with a safer pick in SS Seaver King. They applied those savings to a riskier pick in prep SS Luke Dickerson, who has been a home run so far, already becoming a top 100 prospect.
While they are picking No. 1 this year, the top of this draft doesn’t stack up to last year’s edition. As a draft prospect, Anderson ranks behind the top pitchers in last year’s class, such as second overall pick Chase Burns and, for some teams, behind fifth overall pick Hagen Smith — so this situation isn’t wildly different to that of their top pick last year.
Day 1 picks: No. 2, No. 47, No. 79, No. 105
Bonus pool: $16,656,400
One big question: How hard will the Angels lean into taking quick-moving college prospects this year?
Under GM Perry Minasian, the Angels have prioritized taking potential quick movers and promoting them aggressively: Zach Neto, Nolan Schanuel, Christian Moore, Sam Bachman, and Ben Joyce are all early picks who are currently on the big league roster.
Rumors have been circulating all spring that Los Angeles will take one of the college lefties (LSU’s Kade Anderson, Florida State’s Jamie Arnold, Tennessee’s Liam Doyle) with the No. 2 overall pick and put that pitcher on the express train to L.A.
There were rumors last year that the Angeles considered prep shortstop Bryce Rainer with their first pick, but they ultimately ended up passing and taking Moore out of Tennessee; similarly this year the Angels have been tied to prep shortstop Ethan Holliday and Eli Willits — but the industry isn’t really buying it given the Halos’ history.
Last year, their next two picks were likely relievers in Chris Cortez and Ryan Johnson, and there are a number of similar college arms available for their next few picks in this draft: LSU righty Chase Shores, Georgia righty Brian Curley, Iowa lefty Cade Obermueller, Tennessee righties A.J. Russell and Tanner Franklin and Ole Miss righty Mason Morris. All of those pitchers should land in Rounds 2-4.
Day 1 picks: No. 3, No. 35, No. 57, No. 91
Bonus pool: $17,074,400
One big question: Do the M’s continue with the draft strategy that has been working for them?
There are a couple player demographics that have provided strong returns for Seattle in recent drafts. Prep position players landed with high picks/bonuses is a big one — Colt Emerson, Cole Young, Jonny Farmelo, Harry Ford, Edwin Arroyo and Aidan Smith came in the 2021-2023 drafts. And Seattle also has found success with college pitchers throughout the draft: George Kirby, Logan Gilbert, Bryce Miller, Bryan Woo, Brody Hopkins, Logan Evans.
Right now, industry chatter has Seattle casting a wide net for the No. 3 overall pick, with the three college left-handed pitchers all getting a long look along with prep righty Seth Hernandez and also some college position players in Aiva Arquette and Ike Irish.
Day 1 picks: No. 4, No. 45, No. 74, No. 77
Bonus pool: $15,723,400
One big question: What do the Rockies do if they don’t get Ethan Holliday?
It’s a poorly kept secret that the Rockies want Ethan Holliday, and they’ll probably get him if he doesn’t go No. 1 overall. But if he does go to the Nationals there, what direction does Colorado choose with the No. 4 pick?
Most industry chatter is that the Rockies will take a pitcher, with Florida State’s Jamie Arnold and Oklahoma’s Kyson Witherspoon, the two pitchers they are tied to that should still be on the board. Some think the Rockies would take Oregon State shortstop Aiva Arquette.
Whomever Colorado selects at No. 4 will likely impact the next pick, as the Rockies tend to mix position players and pitchers with their top picks. It’s worth noting the Rockies haven’t taken a high school player in the top 10 rounds in any of the past three drafts, so Holliday seems to be the rare prep player who tickles their fancy.
Day 1 picks: No. 5, No. 55, No. 72, No. 89
Bonus pool: $14,238,300
One big question: Will Chaim Bloom’s influence be felt in this year’s draft?
The Cards haven’t picked a high school player in the top 10 rounds in the past three drafts, instead leaning heavily into college pitching.
While in control in Boston, Bloom wasn’t shy about draft prep position players at high picks, including Roman Anthony, Marcelo Mayer and Nick Yorke. Bloom will be taking control of the Cardinals front office after this season, so it is an open question if his preferences will be felt a few months before he is the team’s top decision-maker.
Prep shortstops Eli Willits, JoJo Parker and Billy Carlson have all been tied here, with the other college players projected in this range of the draft also mentioned.
Day 1 picks: No. 6, No. 50, No. 73, No. 82
Bonus pool: $14,088,400
One big question: Will the Pirates lean toward college prospects with their early picks to try to help the big league team ASAP?
The Pirates have taken an above-average rate of high school players — their first three picks last year and four of their top five — and have found some big success with Konnor Griffin and Bubba Chandler.
That said, they’ve been tied mostly to college players for their top pick this year and some rivals theorize this is being influenced by trying to help the big league team. Any of the three college lefties or Aiva Arquette are rumored here most.
Day 1 picks: No. 7, No. 43, No. 46, No. 78
Bonus pool: $15,187,400
One big question: Do the Marlins continue to lean into prep position players?
In the first draft under new president of baseball ops Peter Bendix (formerly of the Rays) and scouting director Frankie Piliere (formerly of the Mariners), the Marlins took prep position players with their top two picks. Rumors have them eyeballing a similar strategy this year, which would be in keeping with a player demographic that the Rays and Mariners have found success with in the past. With a comp pick and over $15 million in bonus pool money, there’s plenty of muscle to get more than two premium talents in this year’s haul.
Day 1 picks: No. 8, No. 81
Bonus pool: $10,314,600
One big question: Given the stars of last year’s draft class and the strength of the farm system are both on the mound, do the Jays try to find a bat with their first pick?
Pitchers Trey Yesavage, Johnny King and Khal Stephen were the Jays’ top three picks last year and are all arrow up this year. Throw in currently/recently injured pitchers Ricky Tiedemann, Jake Bloss and Brandon Barriera, and that’s the top of the farm system, outside of shortstop Arjun Nimmala.
Given where the Jays’ first pick is, Oklahoma RHP Kyson Witherspoon and prep RHP Seth Hernandez are options, but otherwise it’s looking like mostly position players as the top options expected to be available for the No. 8 pick.
Day 1 picks: No. 9, No. 51, No. 83
Bonus pool: $11,836,800
One big question: Will the Reds get their wish and land Seth Hernandez?
Almost half of the teams in the top 10 won’t pick Seth Hernandez — not because of him necessarily, but they likely wouldn’t take any prep righties in the top 10. Because of that, a consensus top-tier talent might make it to the Reds at No. 9 if he doesn’t go third or sixth. If he makes it this far, it would set up the Reds to begin the draft with a steal — but if they don’t get him, which direction will they go?
There will be a few solid prep position players to choose from (Billy Carlson, Steele Hall, Gavin Fien) and a few college players (Ike Irish, Kyson Witherspoon), but there is also actually a decent chance that Tennessee LHP Liam Doyle runs into a similar issue to the one Hernandez could face and makes it all the way to the No. 9 pick. Either Doyle or Hernandez would both be great outcomes for the Reds.
Day 1 picks: No. 10, No. 44, No. 76
Bonus pool: $12,169,100
One big question: Will the White Sox hit pay dirt with another high schooler with one of their top two picks?
Chicago is picking in a spot where it will have some prep options for its first pick — JoJo Parker, Billy Carlson and Steele Hall are rumored to be in the mix — though there’s also at least as many college players who could also be considered.
Chicago has also been tied to prep lefty Kruz Schoolcraft and there’s a shot the White Sox could float him to their second pick with a big bonus, which might fit better with an underslot choice at their first pick.
Day 1 picks: No. 11, No. 48
Bonus pool: $10,563,500
One big question: Can the A’s take continue to successfully find value with college players?
The A’s did well in the 2021 draft, landing four big leaguers with their first four picks — Max Muncy, Zack Gelof, Mason Miller and Denzel Clarke — and none of them were consensus values for where they were picked. The 2022 class was a little more mixed, but they found two steals on the college side in Colby Thomas in the third round and Jack Perkins in the fifth round. 2023 was also mixed but was headlined by Jacob Wilson. 2024 has been another home run so far, with Nick Kurtz already in the big leagues, Gage Jump not far behind and Tommy White also playing well.
There is a clear trend of finding value with college players and the A’s are rumored to be looking at college position players, including Arizona OF Brendan Summerhill and SS Wehiwa Aloy at their top pick this year.
Day 1 picks: No. 12, No. 52,, No. 84
Bonus pool: $10,991,300
One big question: How often will the Rangers take risks?
In recent years, the Rangers have followed consensus rankings or played it safe with their higher picks, then taken some risks later in the draft.
In 2024, they started with three left-handed hitting college players with low-to-medium upside then took a player who has already had success with their first prep pick in Devin Fitz-Gerald.
Somewhat similarly in 2023, they took the best guy on the board in Wyatt Langford, then with no second or third round picks, still hit paydirt in the fifth round (Alejandro Rosario), sixth round (Caden Scarborough), and 11th round (Maxton Martin). I’d argue taking Kumar Rocker third overall in 2022 was risky and that has worked out.
The board is lining, up so the Rangers will likely choose from the second tier of players which will mean deciding between a range of different upsides: low (Ike Irish, Gavin Kilen), medium (Kyson Witherspoon, Wehiwa Aloy, Brendan Summerhill, Gavin Fien) and high (Steele Hall, Gage Wood).
Day 1 picks: No. 13, No. 85
Bonus pool: $8,403,300
One big question: How will new president of baseball ops Buster Posey impact the draft strategy?
Under scouting director Michael Holmes, the Giants have tended toward either higher upside, standout athletic testers (Bryce Eldridge, Walker Martin, Reggie Crawford, Dakota Jordan) or going underslot (last year’s top pick James Tibbs, now with the Red Sox as part of the Rafael Devers trade) at high picks.
Posey’s point of view tends to be more traditional, so he’s not expected to influence a change in draft strategy. Steele Hall and Wehiwa Aloy fit the athletic tester criteria well, and you could argue Kyson Witherspoon and Gavin Fien do, too.
Day 1 picks: No. 14, No. 37, No. 42, No. 53, No. 67, No. 86
Bonus pool: $16,699,400
One big question: How will the Rays utilize their extra picks?
The Rays have leaned hard into position players, particularly switch- and left-handed hitters, with plenty of high schoolers and some higher-upside collegiates with their top picks of late.
Brendan Summerhill, Jace Laviolette and Gavin Kilen are all fits on the college side for their first pick while preps Sean Gamble, Jaden Fauske, Dean Moss, Mason Ligenza and JoJo’s brother, Jacob Parker, all fit, mostly for later picks. Steele Hall is the one right-handed hitter tied to the Rays’ first pick. I’d expect them to end up with a few of these players given their number of early picks.
Day 1 picks: No. 15, No. 33, No. 75, No. 87
Bonus pool: $12,409,300
One big question: Will the Red Sox find more value at their early picks or in the middle rounds?
The Sox have drafted well of late, finding pretty immediate arrow-up types in Payton Tolle (2nd round) and Brandon Clarke (5th) last year, Kristian Campbell (4th compensation) and Connelly Early (5th) in 2023, along with Roman Anthony (2nd compensation) and Chase Meidroth (4th) in 2022.
They haven’t done poorly with their top picks — Braden Montgomery and Kyle Teel were their last two first-rounders and headlined the Garrett Crochet trade along with Meidroth — but it’s harder to hit a value home run with a first-round pick when expectations are already so high.
If the Sox can nail their first-rounder this year and then continue this trend of finding quick wins with two more middle-rounders, it will be a boon to the top farm system in baseball just as Roman Anthony and Marcelo Mayer are likely to graduate.
I would project that both of those players will graduate in the next month (like Kristian Campbell, Hunter Dobbins and Richard Fitts did earlier in the year) and will drop the Red Sox farm sharply, into the middle tier of systems. For what it’s worth, those five alone would easily be a top 10 farm system, possibly top five.
Day 1 picks: No. 16, No. 36, No. 54, No. 88
Bonus pool: $12,653,000
One big question: Which high upside arm will they hand out a big bonus to this time?
The Twins have given at least $1.5 million to either a high school pitcher or one with a short college track record each of the past four years: Dasan Hill in 2024, Charlee Soto in 2023, Connor Prielipp in 2022 and Chase Petty in 2021.
The only fit for their first pick is Gage Wood, while there are a number of options in the second or third round: Landon Harmon, Cam Appenzeller, Aiden Stillman, Miguel Sime Jr. and Angel Cervantes. The Twins have been tied more so to position players, including Jaden Fauske, Charles Davalan, Jace Laviolette and Xavier Neyens.
Day 1 picks: No. 17, No. 56, No. 90
Bonus pool: $9,636,800
One big question: Do they continue targeting power arms and bats at their high picks?
In the past three seasons, the Cubs have tended toward power-oriented position players (Cam Smith, Cole Mathis, Matt Shaw) and power arms (Jaxon Wiggins, Cade Horton, Nazier Mule) with their bigger bonuses.
There are some solid options this year who are tied to the Cubs in Arkansas teammates Wehiwa Aloy and Gage Wood. Josh Hammond, Xavier Neyens and Jace Laviolette would also fit.
Day 1 picks: No. 18, No. 29, No. 92
Bonus pool: $10,917,800
One big question: Do they continue to target hit-first, up-the-middle bats?
The D-backs are commonly tied to Slater de Brun, Caden Bodine, Kayson Cunningham and Gavin Kilen given their history of taking compactly built position players such as Corbin Carroll, Alek Thomas and Slade Caldwell.
With two picks in the top 30, they’ll have a couple chances and could conceivably land two of the four players mentioned above, maybe even if they just play it straight, with the college players likely not making it to Pick 29, but at least one of the prep hitters likely will.
Day 1 picks: No. 19, No. 30, No. 31, No. 58, No. 69, No. 93
Bonus pool: $16,513,100
One big question: Will the Orioles keep stacking up athletic position players?
The O’s have leaned heavily into up-the-middle position players with some power/athleticism in the draft. That profile describes their first four picks in 2024, first two picks in 2023, first four picks in 2022 and first three picks in 2021.
There is a lack of impact pitching on the big league team and at the higher levels of the farm system (though there is solid depth of big-league-caliber arms in the system), and their first pick is a chance to get a potential impact arm.
They do have a number of picks, so they’ll likely still dip into the group of position players who fit their drafting history: Xavier Neyens, Jace Laviolette, Wehiwa Aloy, Josh Hammond, Dax Kilby, Cam Cannarella and Slater de Brun.
Day 1 picks: No. 20, No. 32, No. 59, No. 68, No. 94
Bonus pool: $13,138,100
One big question: Where will the Brewers find value this year?
The Brew Crew have a somewhat unique approach to the draft, often finding value in later rounds. 2024 fourth-rounder Marco Dinges and 12th-rounder Tyson Hardin are arrow up from last year’s group. And the 2023 haul from the later rounds was huge: sixth-rounder Cooper Pratt, eighth-rounder Craig Yoho, 11th-rounder Bishop Letson, 13th-rounder Brett Wichrowski and 15th-rounder Josh Adamczewski. From their 2022 draft, fourth-rounder Matthew Wood and 12th-rounder Luke Adams are arrow-up prospects along with a second-rounder you might have heard of: Jacob Misiorowski.
Milwaukee aggressively pursues lesser-known high school players, often for six-figure bonuses and from the Upper Midwest, while also finding undervalued players in junior colleges and high school players who have fallen for unclear reasons. By nature, that is harder to predict before the draft, but some names they’re tied to fit these trends: Charles Davalan, Brady Ebel, Coy James and Ethan Rogers.
Day 1 picks: No. 21, No. 95
Bonus pool: $7,181,500
One big question: What type of middle-rounder will the Astros find value with this year?
Junior college shortstop Caden Powell, last year’s sixth-rounder, has been arrow up this year as an athletic-testing standout with big tools. In 2023, the Astros targeted toolsy, underscouted high schoolers in shortstop Chase Jaworsky and outfielder Nehomar Ochoa Jr. along with juco catcher Will Bush. In 2022, they found value from four-year colleges with RHP AJ Blubaugh (seventh round) and Zach Dezenzo (12th round).
Xavier Neyens and Tate Southisene are connected to the Astros’ first pick, but keep an eye on Micah Bucknam and Matt Ferraro in the third or fourth round.
Day 1 picks: No. 22, No. 60, No. 96
Bonus pool: $9,081,100
One big question: Will the Braves continue to use their top picks to stockpile arms?
The Braves have taken pitchers with at least their first three picks in each of the past four drafts. They’re tied to more arms this year — Gage Wood and Tyler Bremner get mentioned at their first pick, along with a number of position players — but will they continue this trend when roughly 75% of the top of their farm system is pitchers?
This is a great opportunity to reverse that trend and select a position player with their first pick, as the pool of best available talent is likely to be about 75% position players.
Day 1 picks: No. 23, No. 28, No. 61, No. 71, No. 97
Bonus pool: $12,794,700
One big question: How will the Royals handle their five picks on Day 1?
The Royals have their full complement of picks plus a compensation pick after the second round and a pick after the first round gained because of Bobby Witt Jr.‘s AL MVP runner-up finish.
Scouting director Brian Bridges loves to draft high school pitchers and upside in general, and his first draft in Kansas City is already showing dividends with his first two picks, Jac Caglianone and David Shields.
Like division mate Detroit with the next pick, the Royals are tied to a number of players as they prepare for all the different ways they could play their picks based on how things go ahead of them.
Their early picks have been tied to most prep pitchers, headlined by Aaron Watson, Kruz Schoolcraft, and Matthew Fisher along with some college arms such as Anthony Eyanson. That said, the board is giving them position players, particularly at their first pick, so the pitchers may be collected more down the board instead.
Day 1 picks: No. 24, No. 34, No. 62, No. 98
Bonus pool: $10,990,800
One big question: Will the Tigers hit paydirt with another left-handed-hitting prep position player?
Bryce Rainer, Max Clark and Kevin McGonigle have all been immediate hits in pro ball for the Tigers after being taken with first-round picks in the past two drafts.
There are some candidates to continue the trend when the Tigers pick at 24 and 34, including Kayson Cunningham, Jaden Fauske, Slater de Brun and Sean Gamble, though the Tigers have also been tied to Michael Oliveto (may fit better in the second round) and Coy James (right-handed hitter).
When a team has two early picks, it often gets tied to lots of players because, in different scenarios, it could go over or under slot or high school or college or hitter or pitcher at each spot. Anthony Eyanson, Aaron Watson and J.B. Middleton are some of the pitchers the Tigers have been tied to, and keep an eye on Jaiden LoRe (another right-handed-hitting shortstop) as a target at a later pick.
Day 1 picks: No. 25, No. 99
Bonus pool: $6,569,100
One big question: Can the Padres still land multiple players with big upside with the third-lowest bonus pool?
The Padres’ first two picks have been high school players in each of the past eight drafts — since the 2016 draft when they took Cal Quantrill out of Stanford with their first pick. They’re once again tied to a number of high-upside high school players.
Kruz Schoolcraft and Quentin Young are the two most rumored fits — but also Dax Kilby and Kayson Cunningham who have more medium upsides. It’s reasonable to assume San Diego takes one of those players with its first pick, possibly under slot, to then move those potential savings plus its overage into its next pick, which would give the team a seven-figure budget at No. 99. The Padres are one team on Maryland prep SS Will Rhine, who could fit the bill at their second pick.
Day 1 picks: No. 26, No. 63, No. 100
Bonus pool: $7,849,400
One big question: Will the Phillies continue to take high school players with their high picks?
The Phillies made the most surprising first-round pick last year, taking Dante Nori at the 27th pick. Their next-highest bonus went to another prep center fielder, Griffin Burkholder, while their top three bonuses in 2023 also went to prep position players and their top pick in 2022 was a prep position player. They found solid value in 2021 and 2020 taking prep right-handers with their top picks, so it’s a safe bet the Phillies will take a high school player with their first pick this year.
There are a number of prep position players who could fit for their first pick (Kayson Cunningham, Xavier Neyens, Quentin Young, Sean Gamble, Slater de Brun) but also a handful of prep pitchers, with Matthew Fisher the one connected to Philly the most.
Day 1 picks: No. 27, No. 64, No. 66, No. 70, No. 101
Bonus pool: $10,198,100
One big question: Which high school pitcher will the Guardians take this year?
The Guardians can be classified as value shoppers, but have also invested seven figures in one prep arm in each of the past three drafts. RHP Seth Hernandez won’t make it to their first pick, but he may be the only one of this year’s top prep arms off the board, while picking at 64, 66, 70 and 101 on the first day gives them plenty of chances and bonus money to maneuver. Judging from their history, Aaron Watson, Cameron Appenzeller and Miguel Sime Jr. are the most likely targets.
Day 1 picks: No. 38, No. 102
Bonus pool: $5,465,900
One big question: Is there enough depth in the Mets’ upper minors that they will lean into high schoolers with their first few picks?
The Mets’ upper minors depth is impressive right now, with Jett Williams, Francisco Alvarez, Drew Gilbert, Jacob Riemer, Luisangel Acuna and Ryan Clifford leading the way behind Mark Vientos, Brett Baty and Ronny Mauricio in the big leagues.
On the pitching side, they have Jonah Tong, Nolan McLean, Brandon Sproat, Blade Tidwell, Dom Hamel and the injured Christian Scott ready to contribute this year or next.
This young depth around the big league team could allow them to lean into high schoolers and high-variance talent with the second-lowest bonus pool in the draft.
Day 1 picks: No. 39, No. 103
Bonus pool: $5,383,600
One big question: With the lowest bonus pool in the draft, can the Yankees replenish the farm system?
The Yankees were missing their second- and fifth-round picks in the 2023 draft and are missing their second rounder this year in addition to having their first-round selection moved down 10 picks because of CBT spending.
In 2023, the Yankees’ first pick was George Lombard Jr., one of the better prospects in baseball and they found some value at later picks but no clear home runs, yet.
Their first pick this year is where we hit the tail end of the 45 FV tier of players in my rankings, meaning there’s some late-first-round-caliber upside still available with high schoolers such as 2B Sean Gamble, CF Slater de Brun and SS Tate Southisene, or one of the college pitchers with some relief risk such as righties Riley Quick, Patrick Forbes and Marcus Phillips.
Day 1 picks: No. 40, No. 41, No. 65, No. 104
Bonus pool: $9,031,300
One big question: Do the Dodgers take a big swing at one of their comp picks?
The Dodgers have been forced to be creative in the draft because they are usually either picking near the end of each round and/or missing picks because of free agent signings. They’ve mixed in plenty of college players, but have tended to take high schoolers with their first-round picks.
This year, they’re tied to the most high-variance prospect in this year’s draft, prep infielder Quentin Young, and a few others who fit later in the draft, such as Mason Ligenza.
Sports
GMs tell their best (and wildest) trade stories: ‘Uncle Mike would have absolutely loved that you executed a trade at his funeral’
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July 7, 2025By
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Jesse RogersJul 7, 2025, 07:00 AM ET
Close- Jesse joined ESPN Chicago in September 2009 and covers MLB for ESPN.com.
From births to funerals — and everywhere in between — the job of a major league baseball general manager is never done. That is especially the case this time of year, when talks heat up in advance of the July 31 trade deadline.
Calls and texts can come at the most inopportune times for front office members, but that doesn’t mean they’re going to go unanswered. After all, there’s always another team willing to do a deal.
With that in mind, we asked MLB executives to tell us their favorite trade stories.
Trade talks at the most inopportune times
‘We went back and looked at the time stamp of when he had sent texts and when the baby was born’
Brewers general manager Matt Arnold and Dodgers president Andrew Friedman worked together in the Tampa Bay Rays front office before moving on to their current jobs. Arnold was an assistant to Friedman, who was the executive vice president of baseball operations.
“We had two different trade deadlines with Andrew in the hospital,” Arnold recalled. “One year his appendix almost burst. He was doubled over in a lot of pain and we ended up having the doctor come to the stadium.”
Friedman was rushed to the hospital, where the Rays’ staff spent the trade deadline trying to work out deals while their front office leader was undergoing treatment for an appendicitis.
“We spent July 31 at the hospital with him, medicated, going in and out of consciousness,” Arnold said. “We’re trying to piece together conversations we’ve had with him as he’s in a lot of pain. That was pretty nuts. BJ Upton was involved, but I don’t think we ended up trading him.”
Arnold believes his second Friedman-in-the-hospital trade story tops even a deadline-day emergency appendix removal.
“Something like the next year, he’s at the hospital because his wife is in labor,” Arnold said. “She had a baby on the trade deadline.”
With the team involved in several trade scenarios and the deadline fast approaching, Rays staff members were texting with Friedman the entire time.
“We went back and looked at the time stamp of when he had sent texts and when the baby was born,” Arnold said with a laugh. “It was minutes apart. So we asked him what was going on in there?”
“He said she was kind of propped up, and behind her head, he was texting stuff about the trade. We were like ‘Welcome to the world, Zach Friedman.'”
‘My phone is ringing at the funeral now’
White Sox general manager Chris Getz loved his Uncle Mike. So when his uncle died during the offseason, Getz made sure to attend the funeral and even was asked to be a pallbearer. But on the day of the proceedings, the White Sox top decision-maker’s phone was buzzing.
“There’s a GM out there who if there is interest, he doesn’t stop calling,” Getz recalled. “So I told him my uncle had passed away and I have his funeral, but don’t worry, we’re going to do the deal. I’m not going anywhere other than the fact that I’m a pallbearer at my uncle’s funeral. I need a couple hours. He says, ‘Cool, I got you.'”
The funeral started, but the calls didn’t stop.
“My phone is ringing at the funeral now,” Getz said. “It wasn’t actually ringing when I was carrying the casket, but it was close enough. I told people at the celebration afterwards what was going on and they were like ‘Hey Chris, Uncle Mike would have absolutely loved that you executed a trade at his funeral.”
‘I’m literally going from the church to the graveyard, on the phone trying to get us $500,000′
Getz isn’t the only executive who has needed to tend to work matters during a family funeral. New San Francisco Giants GM Zack Minasian had a similar experience after his grandmother died last offseason.
“It was this past January. I had to find us $500,000 of international money,” Minasian said. “I’m literally going from the church to the graveyard, on the phone trying to get us $500,000. It was not my best day. And it’s the same church my grandmother got married in. I had my brother [Perry] next to me as I’m trying to hide my phone. He was driving so I could text.”
Zack’s older brother is the GM of the Angels, but it wasn’t Perry he was working to acquire the international bonus money.
“I got $250,000 from the Red Sox for Blake Sabol and $250,000 from the Marlins for Will Kempner,” Minasian said. “I got it done.”
Minasian was asked why not just ask his brother for it. He was sitting right next to him.
“Shocker. He didn’t have it!” the younger Minasian said with a laugh.
‘I’m feeling the texts coming through in my pocket’
Another executive, who was willing to tell his story as long as his name wasn’t used, remembers navigating a Passover seder while trying to pull off a minor deal.
“I was at my in-laws’ temple’s seder,” the executive said. “Not a fancy, formal one, but still. I’m feeling the texts coming through in my pocket.”
At one point, he excused himself to go to the bathroom. That allowed the trade to move closer to the finish line — but it wasn’t done yet.
“I was trying to be respectful, not checking the phone,” the executive said. “But at one point, one of my kids needed to go to the bathroom and my hand shot up. I said, “I’ll take him.’
“I ran out in the hall and took him to the bathroom and real quick called the other team to get the ball rolling. It definitely wasn’t easy, but we got the deal done.”
Communication issues
‘I knew I was going to lose cell service’
A few days before Christmas during the 2022 offseason, Arizona Diamondbacks GM Mike Hazen was in the midst of a family vacation in Hawai’i — and also working the phones for a major trade during what is usually a rare quiet stretch for MLB execs.
Executives never know exactly when a deal is going to line up, but Hazen had a feeling he might be caught in a tough spot being so far from his home base.
“I was trying to finalize the Daulton Varsho/Gabriel Moreno/Lourdes Gurriel trade [with the Blue Jays],” Hazen said. “I talked to [Brian Cashman] in the morning, I talked to another team later, and I finalized the deal with Ross [Atkins] right before we were supposed to go zip lining that day.
“I was with my kids. We are driving to the middle of nowhere in Maui, and I knew I was going to lose cell service. We have a time slot for the zip lining we have to get to. I had my oldest kid driving and I was trying to get a hold of Varsho to tell him about the trade and I couldn’t. And we were getting closer and closer to the abyss, knowing I was going to lose service.”
Hazen couldn’t find Varsho anywhere and was told the outfielder could be “in a tree hunting somewhere.” This put Hazen in a time crunch to inform the player he would be included in a deal, but eventually he got a hold of him to tell him of the trade. Now he wanted to talk with the guys he was acquiring.
“When we get to the bottom of the gully, there is no cell service, so I’m hoping the zip line company has Wi-Fi to use,” Hazen said. “And they were like ‘The Wi-Fi just went down.’ I could not believe it. So I had not talked to Gurriel or Moreno yet. So I drop the kids off at the zip line and tell them I’ll be back when I can, and I drive back to the closest town so I could get cell service.”
Hazen sat at a restaurant, called his players and then headed back to his kids.
“They were halfway through zip-lining,” Hazen said. “They didn’t mind. At least, I don’t think so.”
‘He whipped the phone to me and he said, “Finish the Roberts deal”‘
Current Cubs president Jed Hoyer was a young executive with the Boston Red Sox in 2004, working under GM Theo Epstein during a tumultuous trade deadline.
Boston was seemingly having talks with everyone in the league, eventually trading star shortstop Nomar Garciaparra to the Cubs in a blockbuster, four-team trade. The team was also trying to trade for a base-stealing player named Dave Roberts.
“Theo was trying to finish the Nomar deal on like an old-school phone,” Hoyer said. “At one point, he whipped the phone to me and he said, ‘Finish the Roberts deal.’ But I couldn’t understand [Dodgers GM] Paul DePodesta on the phone. It was a choppy connection.”
After Hoyer hung up, Epstein asked him if he got the deal done.
“I just looked at him and said, ‘I think so?’ with a shrug,” Hoyer said with a laugh. “I think we’re good, but not sure.”
Hoyer noted what that trade led to a curse-breaking title in Boston and newfound fame for Roberts, whose crucial stolen base during Game 4 of the 2004 ALCS will live forever in Red Sox lore.
“And now he might be a Hall of Fame manager,” Hoyer said. “Glad it worked out.”
‘All of a sudden the skies open up, it’s pouring, and I can’t hear on my cell phone’
In July 2009, St. Louis Cardinals executive John Mozeliak was getting ready to play golf when trade talks began to heat up.
“I wasn’t a golfer but I got invited by a friend to play at St. Louis Country Club,” Mozeliak recalled.
The calls he was getting came from Athletics GM Billy Beane with the two sides discussing a deal involving slugger Matt Holliday.
“All of a sudden the skies open up, it’s pouring, and I can’t hear on my cell phone,” Mozeliak said. “It was just disastrous. And by the way, I only played three holes because my phone was just blowing up.”
Mozeliak headed back to his car — to stay dry and find some quiet. And also to avoid trouble at the club.
“I ended up having to call our Double-A manager to get his opinion on a couple of players that were going to Oakland, trying to orchestrate all of this at a very exclusive country club where you’re not supposed to be on your cell phone,” Mozeliak said. “I’m sitting in my car getting pelted by small hailstones and rain.”
The conversation carried on through dinner time, when Mozeliak was due to be with his family and his friend’s family.
“We’re having dinner at Dewey’s Pizza, which is a local pizzeria in New City,” he said. “And so there I’m having to just not focus on this family dinner. I already missed 15 holes of golf, but by the time that dinner ended, we had a deal and we got Matt Holliday.”
With the help of their new slugger, the Cardinals went on to win 91 games and the NL Central.
“You’re not in your office, you’re not in your normal environment to do it but we were able to complete it and obviously the rest was history when it came to having Holliday.”
When chaos reigns
‘We had to tell Drew he was going to be traded — but not for two weeks’
In July 2012, current Cubs GM Carter Hawkins was an assistant in Cleveland.
“We were about to trade Alex White, Drew Pomeranz and two other players to Colorado for pitcher Ubaldo Jimenez,” Hawkins said.
After the deal was complete, Hawkins was dispatched to the farm team in Akron to inform the players they were being dealt.
“Pomeranz was starting,” Hawkins said. “We had to go get him out of the bullpen and tell him. But there was some miscommunication and Jimenez was still in the game for the Rockies that day so the trade was on hold. So we brought them all back in to tell them they weren’t being traded.”
Eventually, Jimenez was pulled from the game and was told he was going to Cleveland.
“So we brought all the guys back in to tell them they were being traded, including Pomeranz. Then we realize it had not been a calendar year since the day Pomeranz had signed and that used to be a rule. You could not trade a drafted player within that first year of his signing. So now we had to tell Drew he was going to be traded — but not for two weeks. By that time, his head was spinning.”
‘All he said was “No, I don’t want to trade him.” No reason. Just “No!” I couldn’t believe it’
Jim Duquette and Mike Flanagan were the co-GMs of the Baltimore Orioles in 2006 and the duo was working hard on a July deal involving slugger Miguel Tejada after getting permission from ownership to trade him.
“We spent like 16-hour days sorting through the level of interest,” Duquette recalled. “We had it narrowed down to three teams: the Mets, Astros and Angels. I mean we worked hard on this deal.”
The duo determined the Angels had the best offer.
“It was a significant trade,” Duquette said. “We had a chance to get Bartolo Colon and Erick Aybar or even Ervin Santana. It would have changed our organization.”
When they were ready, Duquette and Flanagan marched down to owner Peter Angelos’ law office to present the offers and their suggestions to him.
“I had a whiteboard,” Duquette explained. “We put down all of the names on it. It was a whole elaborate presentation to Peter. We’re up against the deadline. We sat there for 30 minutes going through all the options.
“At the end of it, he pauses, looks up at us both and all he said was, ‘No, I don’t want to trade him.’ No reason. Just ‘No!’ I couldn’t believe it.”
A few years later, Duquette had a laugh at his cousin Dan’s expense when nearly the same thing happened to him. In 2017, the Cubs and Astros were both vying to trade with Baltimore for reliever Zack Britton. Dan was now the Orioles’ general manager and was fielding offers.
“Theo [Epstein] opted out of the running for Britton,” Jim Duquette recalled. “He didn’t want to wait around for Peter [Angelos]. The Astros rolled the dice and waited. And Peter said no to that too. They got stuck with nobody. If you remember, one of their players even criticized ownership for doing nothing but that’s only because Angelos said no at the last minute.”
‘Frankly, we got that done well after the deadline’
In 2008, Hoyer’s Red Sox were looking to move on from Manny Ramirez, who wanted out of Boston.
“Manny was really disgruntled about his contract,” Hoyer said. “He had two club options with no buyouts. He was forcing his way out. We felt like we had to do the deal.”
The deal was “convoluted,” according to Hoyer, because it involved multiple teams as the clock was ticking down on deadline day.
“It looked like it was never going to get done,” Hoyer said. “It was a last-second three-team deal. That was the most confusing one because there were so many cooks in the kitchen. At one point, the Marlins were involved with a young [Giancarlo] Stanton.”
In the end, the Red Sox, Pirates and Dodgers pulled off the three-teamer, which sent Ramirez to Los Angeles and outfielder Jason Bay back to Boston while the Pirates got four prospects.
“Frankly, we got that done well after the deadline,” Hoyer stated. “That was the most manic and confusing one.”
When the trade goes through — for better or worse
‘We didn’t know we were getting a star’
In 2012, Jerry Dipoto was in his first full year as GM of the Los Angeles Angels. He had a good team with All-Star hitters and top-of-the-rotation pitchers, but his bullpen really struggled early in the season.
“May is a difficult time to make any meaningful trades,” Dipoto said. “And we didn’t have a burgeoning farm system to deal from either. But we were able to acquire Ernesto Frieri from the Padres. He was like fourth or fifth on the Pads depth chart.”
Frieri was out of options so the Padres didn’t mind moving him.
“He was like a 1.5-pitch type of reliever,” Dipoto said. “We got him for two prospects: second baseman Alexi Amarista and minor league pitcher Donn Roach.”
The Angels were immediately impressed with their new reliever.
“He played catch down the line the first day and our pitching coach was like ‘Wow, you can’t pick up this guy’s ball at all,'” Dipoto recalled. “He threw a scoreless inning that night and the next night he was closing.”
Frieri ripped off 20 scoreless innings to begin his Angels career and was a finalist to make the All-Star team.
“I distinctly remember [scout] Charlie Kerfeld asking me how I pulled that one off. It’s so hard to do it in May. We didn’t know we were getting a star.”
‘He threw out a slew of names and said, “We will overpay”‘
Trader Jerry, as Dipoto is known, was at it again during the shortened 2020 season, now working for the Mariners. And again, it was the Padres on the other end of the phone. San Diego had a really good team and was looking for some specific help.
“They were trying to fortify and they needed a catcher,” Dipoto said. “We had Austin Nola, who was going bananas for us in that short season.”
Nola was hitting .306 with a 151 OPS+ when AJ Preller called Dipoto.
“We were in full rebuild mode but didn’t have much interest in moving him, simply because it’s a tough position to fill and he’s a great makeup guy,” Dipoto said.
But Preller wouldn’t take no for an answer.
“He threw out a slew of names and said, ‘We will overpay,'” Dipoto recalls. “AJ is that way.”
In return, the Mariners received four players, including Ty France — but it was a second, late trade that year with San Diego that Dipoto liked even more. The Padres wanted reliever Taylor Williams.
“After doing the first deal, we’re inside of 10 minutes until the deadline,” Dipoto said. “We’ve asked for a number of mainstream players. They said no. But they had a guy in their farm system who had thrown one inning as a minor leaguer after being drafted the previous year. Then COVID hit. That was Matt Brash. We were so close to the deadline that I heard AJ cup the phone and yell, ‘BRASH?’ to one of his assistants. Then he gets back on and says, ‘We’ll do it.’
“It’s the only deal I’ve ever done without seeing the medicals. There was no time. But Brash has been good for us.”
‘To this day, I don’t think Kazmir knows the full story of why we traded him’
When asked about his most interesting deals, Jim Duquette immediately thought of the oft-discussed trade of prospect Scott Kazmir during his time as GM of the Mets — with some insight even hard-core Mets fans may not know.
In July 2004, Duquette traded Kazmir to the then-Tampa Bay Devil Rays for starter Victor Zambrano. But few knew that an off-the-field sponsorship would have a lasting impact on the deal.
“A lot of it centered on the medical,” Duquette said. “[Kazmir] was high risk.”
Kazmir was a first-round pick, but the Mets were worried about his health from the time they drafted him on. They did the deal after clearing Zambrano of any medical concerns of his own. And that backfired on them.
“It didn’t help that we had an inexperienced ortho group that had just started overseeing our entire medical staff in 2003, after their hospital had signed a multiyear sponsorship deal with the organization,” Duquette said. “The ultimate irony is Kazmir never got injured while Zambrano was cleared and got injured after three starts. It was a double whammy.”
Zambrano missed the rest of 2004 but was healthy in 2005 before undergoing Tommy John surgery in 2006. Kazmir eventually did get hurt but first provided the Rays and later the Angels with several productive seasons before needing Tommy John surgery in 2011.
“To this day, I don’t think Kazmir knows the full story of why we traded him,” Duquette said.
When the deal falls apart
‘For an hour we thought we were getting Felix Hernandez’
Before joining the Giants in 2018, Zack Minasian spent 14 years in the Brewers. During one of his seasons under GM Doug Melvin, the team thought it had a deal for one of the game’s top pitchers.
Milwaukee was deep in conversations with the Seattle Mariners, who had a former Brewers executive, Jack Zduriencik, serving as GM.
“Jack and Doug were talking about a trade that would have sent Felix Hernandez to Milwaukee,” Minasian recalled. “At one point, we thought Jack had agreed to it but he needed to make one other move before we could finalize it.
“It didn’t happen, but for an hour we thought we were getting Felix Hernandez. We were nervous, anxious, excited and just waiting.”
That is not the only time a trade that failed to come to fruition created a memory for Minasian. After a trade with the Mets involving Wilmer Flores and Zack Wheeler fell through, Minasian ended up at a bar while the front office was looking at other potential deals.
“One of my friends owned a place in Milwaukee,” he said. “I got a call from Doug while I was there and I had to go in the basement of the bar where all the liquor is being stored, huddled in the back corner, going through Astros prospects.
“You have to do what you have to do, right?”
‘We don’t get Gallen if we make that trade’
Sometimes a trade that fell through can turn out to be a blessing in disguise for a team. Hazen remembers such a trade during his second trade deadline as Diamondbacks GM.
As trade season heated up, Arizona was running neck and neck with the Los Angeles Dodgers in a battle for the top spot in the National League and the teams were among the top suitors for the prize of the deadline: Baltimore star Manny Machado, who was set to hit free agency after the season.
Ultimately, Machado went to the Dodgers and L.A. won the NL West and reached the World Series. But the ripple effects of Arizona not landing Machado helped the D-backs make a World Series appearance of their own in 2023.
“We tried to get Manny Machado from the Orioles in 2018 and Jazz Chisholm would have been in that trade,” Hazen said. “We didn’t trade Jazz there but that got us Zac Gallen in 2019. We don’t get Gallen if we make that trade for Machado, so you never know.”
Sports
ACC preview: Road to title again figures to go through Clemson
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July 7, 2025By
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Bill ConnellyJul 7, 2025, 07:00 AM ET
Close- Bill Connelly is a writer for ESPN. He covers college football, soccer and tennis. He has been at ESPN since 2019.
To be the man, you have to beat the man. It’s the mantra of Charlotte-based wrestling great Ric Flair, and it pretty reliably describes the annual title race in the Charlotte-based ACC. For 14 straight years, the ACC crown has gone to either Dabo Swinney’s Clemson Tigers or to someone who managed to beat them in the regular season.
Over the past 10 of those 14 years, Clemson has won eight titles. Even as the Tigers’ status as a national championship contender diminished — they’ve finished from 13th to 20th in the AP poll for four consecutive years after six straight top-four finishes — they’ve split the past four conference titles. Last year they became the first bid thief of the expanded College Football Playoff era, knocking off SMU in Charlotte to nab the final playoff berth over Alabama. And with the highest returning production percentage in the country, the Tigers not only head into 2025 as obvious favorites to defend their crown, but they are also garnering top-five hype.
I’ve been pretty skeptical about the latter hype — we’ll talk plenty about that below — but there’s no question the Tigers enter 2025 as the ACC’s most likely champion. Who else might contend? Will SMU charge back after coming so close to a title in its conference debut? Can Miami finally get the offense and defense functional at the same time? Since beating Clemson in the regular season is evidently a prerequisite to ACC glory, can someone such as Louisville or Duke take advantage of opportunities? And what the heck is Florida State capable of after suffering the end-all, be-all of collapses in 2024?
The most geographically ridiculous conference in major college football has countless storylines heading into the fall. Let’s preview the ACC!
Every week through the summer, Bill Connelly will preview another FBS conference, ultimately including all 136 FBS teams. The previews include 2024 breakdowns, 2025 previews and team-by-team capsules. Here are the MAC, Conference USA, Mountain West, Sun Belt, AAC and Indie/Pac-12 previews.
2024 recap
Though Clemson indeed won the race, the ACC’s journey through 2024 was fascinating, with Cal (and its online fan base) generating early buzz and bringing “College GameDay” to town, Florida State suffering a historic collapse, Miami reaching as high as fourth in the polls during a 9-0 start, Georgia Tech scoring a couple of stirring upset wins (and nearly getting a third), Duke and Syracuse each riding close wins to big seasons (they were a combined 13-3 in one-score finishes) and SMU rolling to an 8-0 regular season in ACC play — after nearly losing to Nevada in the season opener and making an early quarterback change, no less.
Louisville lost three conference games by a touchdown or less, Miami’s defense no-showed down the stretch, and after looking like they were in the middle of a lost season (by Clemson standards), there the Tigers were to swoop in, land a spot in the title game and beat SMU with a field goal at the buzzer in one of the best games of the year.
Both Clemson and SMU reached — and lost in the first round of — the College Football Playoff, capping a madcap season.
Oh yeah, and then North Carolina hired Bill Belichick. Can’t forget that.
Continuity table
The continuity table looks at each team’s returning production levels (offense, defense and overall), the number of 2024 FBS starts from returning and incoming players and the approximate number of redshirt freshmen on the roster heading into 2025. (Why “approximate”? Because schools sometimes make it very hard to ascertain who redshirted and who didn’t.) Continuity is an increasingly difficult art in roster management, but some teams pull it off better than others.
Though the national average for returning production is around just 53% this season, the ACC is one of three conferences (along with the Big 12 and SEC) to average 59% or higher. Clemson, at 80%, leads the way nationally, and seven other teams are at 60% or better. The Tigers hit that number in a few different ways. Swinney added three transfers to the Clemson roster, a mammoth number by his standards, but Clemson still does less portal work than any non-service academy in the country. Others, such as Stanford, Pitt and Boston College, don’t do much either. BC actually joins a strange club: Of the teams in the six conferences I’ve previewed to date, only BC, Ball State and Missouri State have fewer than 10 incoming starts from transfers and fewer than 10 redshirt freshman. It’s a pretty odd combination.
Jeff Brohm’s Louisville, meanwhile, does more portal work than most, and among the top teams in the returning production column, Miami, Louisville, FSU and Duke all got there in part through the addition of transfer quarterbacks.
2025 projections
We have some pretty big stratification at the top, where ACC No. 1 Clemson and No. 3 SMU are separated by 10.2 points, larger than the difference between No. 6 Duke and No. 16 Wake. The Tigers are projected favorites of at least 12 points in seven of eight league games and could get their biggest tests from a pair of nonconference matchups against the SEC — LSU’s visit in Week 1 and the trip to South Carolina in the regular-season finale.
Miami’s rating might be a bit surprising. The Hurricanes obviously benefit from how ridiculously good last year’s offense was — they’re still projected to have the best offense in the country despite losing basically eight starters. That will be a high bar to clear, but the defense has a chance to improve beyond 44th, too. We’ll see.
Because of the volatility baked into the projections, Clemson has only about a 2-in-7 chance of winning the league, and Miami, SMU and Louisville could each make a run to the title game. NC State, meanwhile, has a pretty workable conference schedule if you’re looking for a random sleeper.
Five best games of 2025
Here are the four conference games that feature (A) the highest combined SP+ ratings for both teams and (B) a projected scoring margin under 10 points, plus a mammoth Week 1 nonconference game.
LSU at Clemson (Aug. 30). There are a couple of other huge ACC nonconference games — Notre Dame at Miami in Week 1 and Clemson-South Carolina at the end — but I love this game showing up in Week 1 because there aren’t many teams I have more questions about than LSU and Clemson. Let’s get a bunch of those questions answered right away.
Miami at Florida State (Oct. 4). At this point, Miami will have already hosted Notre Dame and Florida in nonconference play. But the Canes’ ACC opener in Tallahassee will tell us a ton about both teams.
Louisville at Miami (Oct. 17). One of the bigger Friday night games of the season. Louisville hosts Clemson in November, but the Cardinals’ ACC title hopes might require them to win either this one or at SMU in late November.
Miami at SMU (Nov. 1). Miami has three games on this list within a month of each other. Because Clemson’s projections are so favorable, Miami might be the most important team in the title race — if the Canes don’t make it to Charlotte for the league title game, they will have a huge role to play in who does.
Clemson at Louisville (Nov. 14). Clemson’s tightest projected conference game. The Tigers have to visit Louisville a year after the Cardinals smothered them 33-21 in Death Valley East.
Conference title (and, therefore, CFP) contenders
Head coach: Dabo Swinney (17th year, 180-47 overall)
2025 projection: eighth in SP+, 10.0 average wins (6.8 in the ACC)
Hey there, Tigers fans. More than any other fan base this offseason, you guys have accused me of hating your team because of how open I’ve been in my skepticism toward its top-five bona fides. We’ll get to that, but I should note that none of that skepticism applies to the ACC race.
Again, the national average for returning production at the moment is about 53%. Clemson’s is 80%. The Tigers bring back quarterback Cade Klubnik (3,639 yards, 36 TDs last season) and three of his top four receivers in junior Antonio Williams and sophomores Bryant Wesco Jr. and T.J. Moore (combined: 2,263 yards and 21 TDs last year). Plus, sophomore Tyler Brown, injured in 2024, returns after catching 52 passes in 2023. Throw in the rarest of Clemson rarities, an incoming transfer receiver — Tristan Smith (934 yards and six TDs at SE Missouri State) — and you’ve got a tantalizing skill corps even with the loss of leading rusher Phil Mafah. (Sophomore back Jay Haynes easily topped Mafah by averaging 6.9 yards per carry in a small sample, though he’s coming back from a late-season ACL tear.)
Anchoring all this talent is what should be Clemson’s best offensive line in ages, one that returns four senior starters, including all-conference right tackle Blake Miller. The Tigers jumped to 16th in offensive SP+ last season — a far cry from where the Deshaun Watson and Trevor Lawrence offenses ranked but a vast improvement over the 2021-23 units, which averaged a 50.3 ranking. If huge returning production results in improvement (and it frequently does), they could easily have their first top-10 offense in a half decade.
The defense, meanwhile, was ridiculously young in 2024. Eighteen defenders saw at least 200 snaps, 13 of them return and nine are still only sophomores or juniors. That includes absolute stars in end T.J. Parker (11 sacks, 17 run stops), tackle Peter Woods (7.5 tackles for loss at 315 pounds), linebacker Sammy Brown (11.5 TFLs, five sacks) and corner Avieon Terrell (five TFLs, 13 passes defended), plus the rare senior in linebacker Wade Woodaz (15 run stops). And Purdue DE transfer Will Heldt (11 TFLs on a dismal defense) could add some star power as well. After the defense got worse for three straight years under coordinator Wes Goodwin, Swinney sought out a steadier set of hands in former Penn State DC Tom Allen. Improvement is likely, and a first defensive SP+ top-10 ranking since 2021 isn’t out of the question.
It’s a no-brainer to place Clemson atop the ACC pile. That makes the Tigers one of the surest picks to make the CFP. Where I struggle is when it comes to envisioning them winning three to four playoff games.
For starters, with all of those playmakers, Clemson’s defense ranked only 51st in success rate allowed and 103rd in yards allowed per successful play and registered its worst SP+ ranking (29th) since 2012. The run defense was mediocre even with Woods’ efforts up front, and the pass defense was merely good, not great.
The Tigers didn’t stand out in terms of offensive explosiveness either. Mafah and Haynes produced some lovely big runs, but the Tigers ranked 80th in yards per successful dropback, and Klubnik averaged just 11.7 yards per completion, even with some random explosiveness from Wesco and Moore. They could obviously be capable of far more, but I fear the preseason top-five rankings are overreactions to just a couple of big catches from Moore in the CFP loss to Texas. Plus, Clemson benefited significantly from turnover luck, especially in the ACC title game, and without those bounces in Charlotte, there’s no way we’re talking about a top-five team here.
But that’s the hater talking, I guess. I’m excited about watching Clemson in 2025, primarily because we’ll get to find out exactly what a Swinney program is capable of in the mid-2020s. If the Tigers are ever going to be elite again, you figure it’s going to come with this wonderfully experienced team. If the offense, which has lacked pop for years, is ever going to produce lots of explosions again, it will be with Klubnik distributing to Wesco, Moore, Haynes & Co. If the defense is going to rebound, it’s going to be with this combination of experience and a new, proven DC. It’s going to be a lot of fun finding out what the Tigers can do. And there’s a chance they prove this hater wrong.
Head coach: Mario Cristobal (fourth year, 22-16 overall)
2025 projection: 12th in SP+, 9.2 average wins (6.3 in the ACC)
I just can’t get past it. Trailing by seven points and facing a fourth-and-goal from the Syracuse 10 with under four minutes remaining, Cristobal took the ball out of No. 1 pick Cam Ward’s hands and elected to kick a field goal, hoping that his defense, which had given up touchdowns in four of five possessions and had no-showed for most of the previous two months, could make one last stop. It was painfully obvious that it wouldn’t. And it didn’t. Ward didn’t touch the ball again, and Miami fell 42-38, its ACC title and CFP hopes going by the wayside.
This wasn’t nearly the most disastrous game-management decision that Cristobal has made since taking over at The U in 2022, but it once again crystallized the contradictions inherent in the Cristobal experience. He’s going to recruit like gangbusters, he’s going to field an increasingly talented team, and when it’s winning time, he’s going to make a grave miscalculation.
Still, after a dismal first season in charge — Miami fell to 5-7 and 71st in SP+ in 2022 — things have improved dramatically. The Canes jumped to 7-6 and 28th in 2023, and even with a defense that was actively working against the team for half the season, they improved further, to 10-3 and 10th in SP+, last season. At some point, with the right combination of talent and quarterback play, your own game management issues can cease to be part of the equation. (Remember when we thought Andy Reid was a horrible game manager?)
I’m not saying Miami will be that talented in 2025, but there’s at least a chance. Carson Beck comes from Georgia after throwing for 3,485 yards and 28 TDs last season. He alternated between looking like the best QB in college football and throwing baffling interceptions (12 in all), but he’ll have backs Mark Fletcher Jr. and Jordan Lyle (combined: 1,007 yards, 6.1 per carry) and tantalizing North Dakota State transfer CharMar Brown next to him and a deeply experienced line, led by tackle Francis Mauigoa, in front of him. Cristobal had to completely rebuild the receiving corps, which doesn’t return anyone who caught more than 10 passes. I’m not sure he got the job done there, but between wideouts CJ Daniels (Liberty/LSU) and Keelan Marion (BYU) and returning blue-chip youngsters such as Joshisa Trader and tight end Elija Lofton, there might be enough.
The offense covered for the defense as much as possible last season — the Canes actually went 3-2 while allowing 34 or more points — but Cristobal needed a lot of new blood on that side of the ball and got it. New coordinator Corey Hetherman led Minnesota to a No. 11 defensive SP+ ranking in 2024, and he takes over a unit that returns five starters and welcomes nine transfers. The defensive front looks strong thanks to the return of tackles Akheem Mesidor and Rueben Bain Jr. — they combined for 15 run stops and nine sacks despite Bain missing four games — and the addition of tackle David Blay (Louisiana Tech). If blue-chip sophomores Justin Scott and Armondo Blount develop properly, that’s a nasty defensive line. Transfer Mohamed Toure (Rutgers) could team with senior Wesley Bissainthe to form a decent linebacking corps. But breakdowns in the back were devastating last year, and Hetherman has to hope a remodeled secondary fixes that. Cristobal signed four new corners, led by Washington State playmaker Ethan O’Connor and including Jakobe Thomas (Tennessee) and potential nickel backs Zechariah Poyser (Jacksonville State) and Kamal Bonner (NC State). Returning corner OJ Frederique Jr. could improve, too.
I like what Miami will have in the trenches, and despite the occasional INTs, Beck is a very good QB. But Miami will need the teardowns in the receiving corps and secondary to stick. I’m pretty sure the latter will, but I’m not sure Beck will have enough strong pass catchers.
Head coach: Rhett Lashlee (fourth year, 29-13 overall)
2025 projection: 20th in SP+, 8.4 average wins (5.3 in the ACC)
Based purely on performance compared with recent history, there might not be a better college football coach than Rhett Lashlee. Before his tenure, the Mustangs’ previous two seasons with 11-plus wins came in 1982 and … 1935; he did it in 2023 and 2024. They hadn’t finished in the SP+ top 25 since 1983-84; they jumped from 56th to 24th in 2023, then to 12th in 2024. When he took over three years ago, SMU was an above-average AAC team. Now it’s defending a spot in the CFP.
Is a two-year sample enough to proclaim Lashlee the best coach in the sport? Probably not. OK, definitely not. But wow. Chad Morris (12-13 in 2016-17) and Sonny Dykes (30-17 in 2018-21) helped to dust this program off and get it back on its feet, but Lashlee has transformed it from head to toe.
The 2024 Mustangs dealt with early QB issues — incumbent Preston Stone was benched in favor of Kevin Jennings barely two weeks into the season — and committed far too many penalties and turnovers. They also made far more big plays than their opponents, went three-and-out far less, created more negative plays and dominated third downs on the way to an 11-1 regular season. They needed one more bounce against Clemson in the ACC title game, and Jennings briefly self-destructed in an impossibly loud environment at Penn State in the CFP, but it was a hell of a season. SP+ had projected SMU as a top-25 team and possible ACC contender, and it still sold the Mustangs short.
The continuity table above says relatively kind things for 2025. Jennings (3,245 passing yards, 436 pre-sack rushing yards, 28 total TDs) is one of about six returning starters on offense, the O-line has a pair of all-conference contenders in tackle PJ Williams and guard Logan Parr, and corner Deuce Harmon and safeties Isaiah Nwokobia and Robert Rahimi (a ball-hawking San Jose State transfer) anchor what should be a strong secondary. But although Lashlee is used to living the transfer portal life, he had to do some serious work in rebuilding both the skill corps (which lost its top two RBs and three of its top four WRs) and the defensive front six (which lost eight of the 12 guys with 200-plus snaps). Three Mustangs gained at least 500 yards from scrimmage last year, and four made at least nine TFLs. They’re all gone.
Lashlee added a couple of solid pass-catching backs in T.J. Harden (UCLA) and Chris Johnson Jr. (Miami), and slot receiver Yamir Knight (James Madison) is an excellent efficiency guy. Meanwhile, linebacker Zakye Barker (13.5 TFLs at East Carolina) is nearly a sure thing, and defensive tackle Terry Webb (six run stops and 1.5 sacks at 314 pounds) is active for his size. But disruption up front was vital to SMU’s defensive success, and Webb is the only genuinely proven disruptor among nine incoming transfer linemen. Some newbies and/or youngsters will have to raise their game for SMU to return to either Charlotte or the CFP.
The schedule certainly seems trickier this time around. After nonconference battles with both Baylor (home) and TCU (away), SMU faces all three of the other teams in this title contenders section — Miami and Louisville at home and Clemson away. After what Lashlee and the Mustangs have done these past two years, doubting them seems pretty foolish. But they’ve got their work cut out for them in 2025.
Head coach: Jeff Brohm (third year, 19-8 overall)
2025 projection: 24th in SP+, 8.3 average wins (4.8 in the ACC)
Brohm’s Louisville is a very hectic program. Change never stops. In 2023, he took over a team that had ranked 41st in SP+ with an 8-5 record, sent 25 transfers out, brought 25 in and improved the Cardinals to 10-4 and 34th. In 2024, it was 30 transfers out, 32 in and further improvement to 21st with a 9-4 record. The offense got better each year, while the defense and special teams got worse.
In theory, by your third year, you probably want to have your culture and your own recruits in place, therefore necessitating fewer incoming and outgoing transfers. But that’s not how Brohm sees things. He lost 28 transfers and brought in 30. The Cardinals have some dynamite returnees in running backs Isaac Brown and Duke Watson (combined: 1,770 yards, 7.6 per carry!), receiver Chris Bell (737 yards, 17.1 per catch), potential all-conference center Pete Nygra, super-disruptive linebackers Stanquan Clark and Antonio Watts (combined: 16.5 TFLs, 11 passes defended) and safety D’Angelo Hutchinson (five pass breakups, five run stops). But those are damn near the only proven returnees. Brohm and offensive coordinator (and brother) Brian Brohm will have their third starting quarterback in as many years — likely USC transfer Miller Moss — and welcome four wideouts, three tight ends and seven linemen via the portal. Brohms typically field good offenses, and they’re clearly used to handling change, but this carousel isn’t slowing down at all.
The defense has indeed trended in the wrong direction of late, so maybe it’s not too scary that 14 of the 19 defenders with 200-plus snaps are gone. The linebacking corps looks excellent, and Brohm added quite a few proven disruptors via the portal: end Clev Lubin (9.5 sacks at Coastal Carolina), tackle Jerry Lawson (14 TFLs at 295 pounds at Abilene Christian), safety JoJo Evans (seven passes defended and four run stops at Florida International), corners Justin Agu and Jabari Mack (combined: 20 passes defended at Louisiana and Jacksonville State, respectively) and corner/safety Rodney Johnson Jr. (five TFLs, three passes defended at Southern), among others.
Living the portal life means your scouting department constantly has to hit the jackpot. Ask Florida State’s Mike Norvell — a 2022 portal genius, a 2023 portal genius and a 2024 portal disaster — how that can go. But Moss’ QBR (74.4) basically matched that of last year’s starter, Tyler Shough (75.0); the trio of Brown, Watson and Bell is the most explosive in the conference; and there’s no reason to think the defense is any less talented than it was last season. Like SMU, Louisville plays all three fellow contenders (Clemson at home, Miami and SMU away), and the Cardinals travel to Pitt and Virginia Tech, too. That’s an obstacle, and at some point, a trend toward stability would be nice. But Brohm seems to know what he’s doing with all these moving pieces, and it wouldn’t be a surprise if Louisville improves for a third straight year.
A couple of breaks away from a run
Head coach: Mike Norvell (sixth year, 33-27 overall)
2025 projection: 36th in SP+, 6.8 average wins (4.5 in the ACC)
For all the obvious reasons, I feared a bit of a hangover for FSU last year. The heartbreak of 2023’s unconscionable CFP snub combined with the loss of quarterback Jordan Travis, most of a dynamite skill corps and seven defensive draft picks made the Seminoles regression candidates, even if Norvell said all the right things in the offseason and brought in another solid-on-paper transfer haul.
Of course, if you’d asked me what “hangover” meant, I’d have probably guessed a record in the neighborhood of 7-5. FSU went 2-10! The transfer class produced almost no standouts, and the quarterback situation was even worse than at the end of 2023 after Travis’ injury — DJ Uiagalelei, Brock Glenn and Luke Kromenhoek were dreadful. The Noles fell from ninth to 58th in defensive SP+ and from 23rd to 114th on offense.
This was a collapse on the scale of Bobby Petrino’s last season at Louisville, Texas’ first season after 2009 BCS Championship disappointment and Notre Dame’s 2007 swoon under Charlie Weis. And it’s noteworthy that none of the coaches in charge during those collapses could right the ship. But Norvell will try.
The offense, now coordinated by veteran Gus Malzahn, could start almost nothing but transfers, from quarterback Thomas Castellanos (Boston College) to running back Gavin Sawchuk (Oklahoma) to receivers Squirrel White (Tennessee), Duce Robinson (USC) and Gavin Blackwell (North Carolina) to any of six new offensive linemen. Tackle Micah Pettus (Ole Miss), guard Adrian Medley (UCF) and center Luke Petitbon (Wake Forest) are immediately the team’s most proven linemen. Castellanos was honestly an underwhelming addition; he started 2024 well at BC, but injuries and defensive adjustments rendered him mostly ineffective, and he was eventually benched. That said, he’s a speedster who started his career with Malzahn at UCF, and White and Robinson could be excellent.
On defense, new coordinator Tony White inherits a unit with few incumbents. Tackles Darrell Jackson Jr. and Daniel Lyons, linebackers Blake Nichelson and Omar Graham Jr. and corner Quindarrius Jones are solid, but transfers Deamontae Diggs (Coastal Carolina), Jayson Jenkins (Tennessee), James Williams (Nebraska) and Elijah Herring (Memphis) will need to immediately spruce up the pass rush, and tackle depth appears tenuous. There are enough proven entities to assume the defense will bounce back. In fact, the collapse was so significant last season that we should assume some progression toward the mean everywhere. But how much of a rebound can you pull off after such a collapse? And how many games does Norvell need to win to assure he’s still in Tallahassee in 2026?
Head coach: Manny Diaz (second year, 9-4 overall)
2025 projection: 41st in SP+, 6.8 average wins (4.4 in the ACC)
Mike Elko resurrected the Duke program, winning 17 games in 2022-23. But when he left for Texas A&M, Manny Diaz inherited an offense in need of a new quarterback and an overhaul on the line. The defense had been excellent under Elko, but 11 of the 16 guys with at least 250 snaps in 2023 were gone. A reset season seemed realistic.
Looking at the Blue Devils’ output, you could hardly tell there was any change at all.
Duke in 2022 (Elko): 9-4, 42nd in SP+ (55th offense, 29th defense)
Duke in 2023 (Elko): 8-5, 30th in SP+ (63rd offense, 25th defense)
Duke in 2024 (Diaz): 9-4, 44th in SP+ (71st offense, 31st defense)
The run game was a disaster, and Duke’s 6-1 record in one-score finishes camouflaged what probably should have been more like a seven-win season. But Diaz & Co. held the fort.
This year, the offensive line depth appears far stronger, and of the 17 defenders with at least 200 snaps, nine return, including four of six linemen and four of six DBs. Diaz added one of the Group of 5’s best safeties in Caleb Weaver (Sam Houston) and potentially exciting receivers in Andrel Anthony (Oklahoma) and Cooper Barkate (Harvard), but his portal coup came at quarterback, where Darian Mensah comes over from Tulane. Mensah finished his redshirt freshman season 21st in QBR, just a few points behind veterans such as Klubnik (13th) and Georgia Tech’s Haynes King (14th). Mensah’s numbers were strong across the board, from efficiency (66% completion rate) to explosiveness (14.4 yards per completion) to escapability (15.2% of pressures turned into sacks — a good number for a mobile guy). The skill corps is a bit of a question mark: Five of last year’s top seven pass catchers are gone, and Anthony, Barkate and running back Anderson Castle (Appalachian State) might all have to make an immediate impact. But Mensah is awesome, and the line looks sturdy. That’s a good starting point for improvement.
It’s hard to worry much about a Diaz defense, especially one with experience at the front and back. Ends Wesley Williams and Vincent Anthony Jr. (combined: 20.5 TFLs, 11 sacks) and tackle Aaron Hall (7 TFLs) are good, and corner Chandler Rivers (6.5 TFLs, 3 INTs, 8 breakups) is great. Four of last year’s top five linebackers are gone, and Diaz didn’t pursue any portal replacements, which theoretically means he’s happy with what he has there. Regardless, linebackers are generally easier to replace than linemen or DBs, so Duke has experience where it counts the most. I’m not sure Mensah will have enough help to make Duke an ACC dark horse, but the defense should give the Blue Devils a pretty high floor.
Head coach: Dave Doeren (13th year, 87-65 overall)
2025 projection: 42nd in SP+, 6.6 average wins (4.0 in the ACC)
“They’ll need some new disruptors. (Gibson usually finds them.)” That’s what I wrote about the NC State defense in last year’s ACC preview. Defensive coordinator Tony Gibson had produced three straight top-30 defenses, per SP+, but he had to replace six excellent starters and needed transfers to fill major gaps in the secondary. Of eight defensive transfers, only two clicked, and Gibson’s track record didn’t prevent State from collapsing to 69th in defensive SP+. Doeren’s Wolfpack were ranked in the 2024 preseason poll, but even with slight overachievement on offense — they were projected 56th in offensive SP+ and ended up 48th — they posted their first losing record in five years.
It’s time for another round of change in 2025. Gibson took the Marshall head coaching job, and of the 16 defenders with 200-plus snaps last season, only six return. Linebacker Sean Brown (13 run stops) and tackles Brandon Cleveland and Travali Price (combined: 15 run stops) are good starting points for new coordinator D.J. Eliot, but after failing to land enough impact transfers last year, Doeren had to seek out even more of them. Cian Slone (Utah State) and Sabastian Harsh (Wyoming) were among the Mountain West’s best defensive ends last year, and Brian Nelson II (North Texas) and Jamel Johnson (Temple) were among the AAC’s most active corners. But this is a lot of change in a short amount of time, and the last time Eliot coordinated a top-50 defense was 2015.
There’s reason for optimism on offense, at least. Quarterback CJ Bailey was decent as a true freshman: He ranked 65th in QBR, right between two mega-blue-chippers — Nebraska’s Dylan Raiola was 59th, Florida’s DJ Lagway 70th — and his best moments were great. He was 18-for-20 for 234 yards and three scores in a blowout of Stanford, he rushed for 83 yards and three TDs in a near-upset of Georgia Tech, and he threw for 242 yards and ran for 54 in a rivalry win at UNC. His performance was encouraging enough that when Doeren fired coordinator Robert Anae, he promoted QBs coach Kurt Roper.
Bailey isn’t Roper’s only exciting sophomore. Running back Hollywood Smothers (571 yards, 6.4 per carry) and Noah Rogers (478 yards, 13.7 per catch) were both portal hits, and incoming tackle Teague Andersen (Utah State) was honorable mention all-MWC as a freshman. If development and a new playcaller result in fewer negative plays — the Pack were 119th in turnovers, 116th in stuff rate and 74th in sack rate — this could be State’s best offense since 2021. That could be enough to drive a solid season if the defense doesn’t collapse further.
Head coach: Brent Key (fourth year, 18-16 overall)
2025 projection: 44th in SP+, 6.6 average wins (4.0 in the ACC)
If you were watching Georgia Tech in 2024, the Yellow Jackets were probably doing something special. They played three top-10 teams and looked like a top-10 team against all three — they upset No. 10 Florida State in Ireland to start the season (back when we thought that was an upset), then knocked No. 4 Miami from the unbeaten ranks with a 28-23 win in November and all but beat No. 6 Georgia during Rivalry Week, eventually falling 44-42 after 114 overtimes. (OK, it was eight OTs.) They otherwise went just 5-5, losing at Syracuse and Louisville, briefly falling apart when quarterback Haynes King injured his shoulder and losing a fun Birmingham Bowl against Vanderbilt.
Overall, they really weren’t different than they were in Brent Key’s first season at the helm.
Georgia Tech in 2023: 7-6, 65th in SP+ (50th offense, 86th defense, 68th special teams)
Georgia Tech in 2024: 7-6, 66th in SP+ (42nd offense, 79th defense, 104th special teams)
Still, making memories can pay off. Key capitalized on those big moments by signing a top-20 recruiting class and holding on to key players like King, running back Jamal Haynes, all-conference guard Keylan Rutledge and defensive tackle Jordan van den Berg. He also added all-Ivy League running back Malachi Hosley (Penn), maybe Florida International’s two best players — receivers Eric Rivers and Dean Patterson, who combined for 1,857 yards and 19 TDs — and a number of exciting defenders, such as end Ronald Triplette (UTSA), tackles Matthew Alexander (UCF) and Akelo Stone (Ole Miss), cornerbacks Kelvin Hill (UAB) and Daiquan White (Eastern Michigan) and safeties Jyron Gilmore (Georgia State) and Cayman Spaulding (Tennessee Tech).
The defensive transfers were necessary, since only seven of the 19 defenders with 200-plus snaps return for new coordinator Blake Gideon. Tech hasn’t had a top-50 defense, per SP+, since 2017, and since the Yellow Jackets allowed at least 31 points in five of six losses, it’s clear the defense held them back in 2024 as well.
Injuries did too. Nineteen defenders started at least one game, and King not only missed two games, but he was limited in others. His ridiculously physical style will always make him an injury risk, but when he and Haynes are in the backfield, Tech will have a chance to beat any team it plays. There won’t be as many marquee win opportunities — the Jackets play only two teams projected in the top 40 (Clemson and Georgia) — but if that results in more wins, period, I doubt Key will complain too much.
Head coach: Bill Belichick (first year)
2025 projection: 54th in SP+, 6.6 average wins (4.0 in the ACC)
We’ve had months to get used to the idea of Bill Belichick running a college football program. It’s still going to feel ridiculously odd to see the 73-year-old, six-time Super Bowl-winning head coach leading North Carolina onto the field against TCU on the first Monday night of the season. I had this vision of Belichick deciding to finish his career leading some Division III team like his alma mater, Wesleyan. I can’t say I ever had a vision of him coaching in the ACC.
I still have no idea how it’s going to go. As I wrote in the spring, “Depending on how kind you are, Belichick has surrounded himself with either known entities or yes-men: two Belichicks (defensive coordinator Steve, DBs coach Brian), two Lombardis (general manager Michael, quarterbacks coach Matt) and other key former NFL assistants (offensive coordinator Freddie Kitchens, special teams coordinator Mike Priefer). He has raved about enjoying popping pads and yelling at tight ends, and he’s regarded as a good enough teacher that, for all we know, this unheralded roster might develop well and thrive. Or not. I have no idea how to set expectations for this.”
I like the roster more now than I did when I wrote that, thanks to the spring addition of South Alabama quarterback Gio Lopez (2,559 passing yards, 547 pre-sack rushing yards, 25 total TDs), and Belichick & Co. added lots of heft to the offensive line, signing eight transfers — including 2024 FBS all-conference performers in tackles Will O’Steen (Jacksonville State) and Daniel King (Troy) — who average 6-foot-6, 322 pounds. But the skill corps is terribly unproven: Leading returning running back Davion Gause had 326 rushing yards, and leading returning receiver Kobe Paysour had 365 receiving yards.
The defense, meanwhile, is almost completely starting over. Sixteen defenders saw at least 200 snaps last year, and only three return, all defensive backs. Linebackers Andrew Simpson (Boise State), Mikai Gbayor (Nebraska) and Khmori House (Washington) could all be keepers, though ends Pryce Yates (6.5 TFLs at UConn) and Melkart Abou-Jaoude (9.5 TFLs at Delaware) are almost by default the most proven linemen. Under Mack Brown, the defense usually dragged the offense down — the Heels allowed at least 34 points in five of seven losses last season — and while the word “Belichick” is synonymous with good defense, it might take UNC a little while to grow sound on that side of the ball.
Head coach: Brent Pry (fourth year, 16-21 overall)
2025 projection: 46th in SP+, 6.6 average wins (3.9 in the ACC)
In 2023, Virginia Tech fell as low as 80th in SP+ before the offense caught fire and drove a 5-2 finish. In 2024, the Hokies started slowly again but nearly beat Miami and won three straight ACC games by a combined 60 points before injuries to quarterback Kyron Drones and running back Bhayshul Tuten slowed the offense down. Brent Pry’s team spent about half of the past two seasons flashing top-20 form but went a combined 13-13. And after massive turnover, Pry’s fourth Tech roster will look almost completely different than his third.
Drones is back. He has thrown for 3,646 yards and rushed for 1,377 in 23 games as a Hokie, and he’s a great starting point, but tight end Benji Gosnell is the only other offensive starter returning. On defense, linebackers Caleb Woodson and Jaden Keller are the only returnees who started more than six games. I really like a lot of the transfers Tech brought in, but they had to bring in so damn many.
On offense, running backs Terion Stewart (Bowling Green), Braydon Bennett (Coastal Carolina) and Marcellous Hawkins (Central Missouri) combined for 2,762 yards and 35 TDs in 2024, and Stewart is one of the best yards-after-contact backs in the country. Receiver Donavon Greene (Wake Forest) is dynamite when healthy (which isn’t often), former top-125 recruit Cameron Seldon (Tennessee) could be a nice yardage stealer in the slot, and guard Tomas Rimac (West Virginia) is one of four transfers new OL coach Matt Moore brought with him from WVU.
On defense, end Ben Bell (Texas State) was one of the nation’s best pass rushers in 2023 before missing most of 2024, and five other new D-linemen made at least five TFLs last year. In the back, safeties Christian Ellis (New Mexico), Isaiah Cash (Sam Houston) and Tyson Flowers (Rice) combined for 5 interceptions, 15 breakups and 14 run stops, while corners Isaiah Brown-Murray (East Carolina), Caleb Brown (Hawai’i) and Joseph Reddish (Wingate) combined for five INTs and 24 breakups.
On top of all this, Pry had to hire a new pair of coordinators, choosing a known quantity on offense (former Tulsa head coach Philip Montgomery) and an intriguing younger coach on defense (former Arizona Cardinals LBs coach Sam Siefkes). With how close Pry has come to success, it’s not optimal to deal with this much change at once, but this roster might have more upside than any Pry has led in Blacksburg.
Head coach: Pat Narduzzi (11th year, 72-56 overall)
2025 projection: 47th in SP+, 6.1 average wins (3.6 in the ACC)
One of the things that makes a college football season so enjoyable is the early upstart run, when a team enjoys some thrilling early finishes, gets off to a fast start and forces you to think of it as a potential contender. It adds such a layer of richness and world-building to the sport.
Pitt’s 2024 season is a perfect example. Coming off of a dire 3-9 collapse in 2023, Pat Narduzzi hired 30-year-old offensive coordinator Kade Bell (Western Carolina), paired him with former WCU back Desmond Reid and former Alabama backup quarterback Eli Holstein, and watched the offense drive a stunning 7-0 start. The Panthers scored late wins over Cincinnati and West Virginia, outlasted another September headline-maker (Cal) and blew out yet another upstart, Syracuse, thanks to three first-half pick-sixes.
And then they vanished from sight. Holstein struggled, then got hurt. An aggressive but glitchy defense sprang more leaks. And as delightful as they looked during the unbeaten start, they looked equally lost during an 0-6 finish. They more than doubled their win total in the most disappointing possible way.
Which was the more accurate impression, the start or the finish? Holstein is back, and Bell also has former WCU quarterback Cole Gonzales in tow, just in case. Reid is back after combining 966 rushing yards with 579 receiving yards, and the offense also returns two of its top three wideouts and three starting offensive linemen. The defense returns four of the six players with at least eight TFLs, including linebackers Kyle Louis (17 TFLs) and Rasheem Biles (11.5), plus three physical DBs in safety Javon McIntyre and corners Rashad Battle and Tamon Lynum. Incoming transfer Kavir Bains-Marquez (UC Davis) was one of the Big Sky’s most disruptive defenders last year.
A Pitt game last year was almost guaranteed to feature a lot of negative plays, a lot of explosive plays and a lot of penalties. It was highly volatile ball, even by Narduzzi’s standards, and it paid off for the Panthers until it very much did not. Reid aside, most of last year’s most exciting players were freshmen and sophomores, and one can see how experience might sand down rough edges and make Pitt an ACC dark horse. But that late-season collapse was pretty ugly. It’s up to the Panthers to prove whether the first or second half of the season showed us the way forward.
Head coach: Justin Wilcox (ninth year, 42-50 overall)
2025 projection: 65th in SP+, 5.9 average wins (3.4 in the ACC)
Somehow, Cal may have had an even more memorable mediocre season than Pitt. Because of a 3-0 start and the vaunted Calgorithm, the Golden Bears hosted “College GameDay” for the first time when Miami came to town. They led by as many as 25 points but fell, 39-38. It was basically the story of their season: They finished 55th in SP+ — their best ranking of the entire Justin Wilcox era — but went 6-7 because of a 2-5 record in one-score finishes. To compound the frustration, they proceeded to lose 33 players to the portal. (Wilcox also changed both coordinators.)
Wilcox honestly did a pretty good job of finding upside to replace upside in the portal. At quarterback, he found junior Devin Brown (Ohio State) and blue-chip freshman Jaron-Keawe Sagapolutele, who had originally signed with Oregon. At running back, he grabbed Brandon High (UTSA), Kendrick Raphael (NC State) and former blue-chipper L.J. Johnson Jr. (SMU). Five new WRs and two TEs came in, including a high-level slot receiver in UNLV’s Jacob De Jesus and two of the most explosive receivers in FCS, Idaho’s Mark Hamper and South Dakota’s Quaron Adams (combined: 1,504 yards, 22.4 per catch). And he has five new offensive linemen to pair with two 2024 starters and 2023 starter Sioape Vatikani, who missed a lot of last season.
On defense, quite a bit of last year’s front six returns, including four of five primary linemen, but Wilcox still added four more linebackers and three linemen, including Liberty’s TJ Bush Jr. (nine TFLs) and former blue-chipper Tyson Ford (Notre Dame). The secondary, however, lost seven of last year’s top eight. In come seven DB transfers, including corners Hezekiah Masses (FIU) and Brent Austin (USF).
The defense graded out better last season and returns more experience, but while I’m not sure what to expect from new offensive coordinator Bryan Harsin, I really like the upside of the transfers there. The schedule is kind, featuring only two opponents projected better than 40th, and if either of the two athletic QBs plays at a solid level and the god of close games smiles on the Golden Bears — two mighty ifs that may not come to fruition — Cal could top last year’s win total.
Just looking for a path to 6-6
Head coach: Bill O’Brien (second year, 7-6 overall)
2025 projection: 62nd in SP+, 5.2 average wins (2.9 in the ACC)
Bill O’Brien’s first season as BC head coach was a full three-act play. At first, the Eagles were yet another intriguing upstart, holding Florida State to 13 points (again, back when we thought that was impressive) and damn near knocking off an eventual 10-win Missouri team. The defense was physical and frustrating, and quarterback Thomas Castellanos was able to run around and avoid defenders for seemingly minutes on end, even if he didn’t really go anywhere. Even when Castellanos began picking up injuries and losing effectiveness, the defense was good enough to assure a 4-1 start.
A three-game losing streak followed, however, and with O’Brien losing faith in Castellanos, he called Grayson James off the bench against Syracuse. James threw a late TD pass to secure an upset win, and O’Brien elected to start James from there; Castellanos quit the team, and BC won two more games to finish 7-6.
James suffered fewer negative plays than Castellanos and was able to both get the ball quickly to slot man Lewis Bond and connect on some deep shots to then-freshman Reed Harris. In a reasonably small sample, he ended up with one of the better Total QBR ratings in the conference, right between second-round NFL draft pick Tyler Shough and Kevin Jennings.
The James-Bond-Harris combo was intriguing, as were young RBs Turbo Richard and Datrell Jones in small samples. A good line lost a couple of all-conference starters; if there’s not too much of a drop-off there, there should be enough to maintain last season’s late momentum, especially if the Eagles get something out of transfers such as receiver VJ Wilkins (Campbell) and tight end Ty Lockwood (Alabama). Bama transfer Dylan Lonergan joined the QB race as well.
With a secondary loaded with freshmen and sophomores, coordinator Tim Lewis had to play things pretty soft in pass defense. But the run defense was sound, and BC both created long third downs for opponents and made a solid number of stops. The secondary is far more seasoned now, and linebacker Daveon Crouch is excellent. But with last year’s top four linemen gone, O’Brien loaded up with seven transfers up front, five from smaller schools. None had amazing stat lines last year, but if a couple can provide depth for veterans like end Quintayvious Hutchins, a top-50 defensive SP+ ranking is possible.
Head coach: Fran Brown (second year, 10-3 overall)
2025 projection: 56th in SP+, 4.8 average wins (2.9 in the ACC)
Those hatin’ numbers are at it again. Syracuse won 10 games last season and is now in the “just hoping for 6-6” section. What?
I’ll try to explain: In 2024, the Orange played only three SP+ top-40 teams and beat them all, but they went 7-2 in one-score finishes (hard to duplicate), and two of their three losses — by 28 to Pitt and at home to Stanford — were absolutely dreadful. Kyle McCord piloted an efficient, pass-happy offense, but opponents made more big plays, and they were among the most fortunate teams in the league. Despite the 10 wins, they finished 46th in SP+.
Of course, 46th was Syracuse’s best ranking in seven years! And Fran Brown’s first dalliances in the portal produced the Orange’s leading passer, leading receiver, two offensive line starters and four of their best defenders. That’s a good sign.
Things will get tougher in 2025. The schedule features five projected top-20 teams, and the offense returns only two starters. McCord will likely be replaced by either Steve Angeli (Notre Dame) or Rickie Collins (LSU), and with last year’s leading rusher and three leading targets gone, incoming receiver transfer Johntay Cook II (Texas) and a lot of former backups will have to step up. Up front, two starters return, but they’re two of only three guys with more than 40 snaps back, and Brown brought in five line transfers.
Injuries thrust a lot of guys into the starting defense at one point or another, and of the 23 players who started at least once (!), 15 return. There isn’t a ton of proven playmaking here, but safety Duce Chestnut and nickel Devin Grant are fantastic, and sophomore OLB David Omopariola‘s per-snap production suggests he has breakout potential. Brown didn’t load up on transfers, but he did add strong playmakers in tackle Chris Thomas (Marshall) and edge rusher David Reese (Cal) and a young former blue-chip safety in Chris Peal (Georgia).
Between the massive schedule-strength upgrade, last year’s inflated win total and the need for another batch of portal playmakers on offense, the odds certainly favor a setback season for the Orange. But Brown has barely made a misstep so far, whether the hatin’ numbers acknowledge it or not.
Head coach: Tony Elliott (fourth year, 11-23 overall)
2025 projection: 79th in SP+, 5.1 average wins (2.8 in the ACC)
On one hand, Virginia improved to 5-7 last year after back-to-back three-win seasons under Tony Elliott. The defense was solid against the run and on third downs, and the offense showed hints of an identity, with a fast tempo and a decent run game.
On the other hand, UVA played six top-50 teams and went 0-6 with an average loss of 36-17. SP+ saw barely any improvement whatsoever — after averaging a 95.0 SP+ ranking in Elliott’s first two seasons, they were 91st in 2024. They were horrific at both passing (113th in yards per dropback) and stopping opponents from doing so (118th).
After going .500 or better in each of Bronco Mendenhall’s last four seasons (average SP+ ranking: 45.8), UVA has just been terrible under Elliott. And this being the mid-2020s, Elliott will attempt to save his job via the portal. He welcomes 31 transfers to Charlottesville, and a vast majority of them are upperclassmen. Quarterback Chandler Morris (North Texas) can wing the ball around, and I really like the running back duo of Harrison Waylee (Wyoming) and J’Mari Taylor (NC Central). I’m not sure whom Morris will be throwing to — Purdue transfer Jahmal Edrine and returnee Trell Harris are probably the biggest big-play threats — but thanks to seven transfers, almost the entire O-line two deep could be made up of seniors.
I like the D-line playmakers Elliott brought in: ends Fisher Camac (UNLV), Cazeem Moore (Elon) and Daniel Rickert (Tennessee Tech) combined for 38.5 TFLs and 20.5 sacks last season, and tackles Jacob Holmes (Fresno State) and Hunter Osborne (Bama) are active for their size. The linebacking corps is probably the best unit on the team thanks to returnees Kam Robinson, Trey McDonald and James Jackson, but with most of the starting secondary gone, UVA will welcome eight transfer DBs.
Will this work? I’d be surprised. And even if it does, Elliott will have to sign about another 30-40 transfers next year just to account for the loss of so many seniors. But the schedule is light, featuring only two projected top-40 teams (and none in the top 20), and UVA is probably better at QB and on both lines than last year. Bowl eligibility is a possibility, at least.
Head coach: Jake Dickert (first year)
2025 projection: 81st in SP+, 5.2 average wins (2.3 in the ACC)
Dave Clawson ended up a relic of a past era. He won 157 combined games at Fordham, Richmond, Bowling Green and Wake Forest due to pragmatic program building and player development. He took his time — his win percentage in his first year in those jobs was just .277, followed by .354 in year two, .532 in year three and .698 in year four.
You don’t take your time anymore. It must be said that the best coaches adapt, and plenty have done so as the demands of NIL and the portal have so drastically changed how roster building works. But whether it was Clawson’s failure to adapt or Wake Forest’s failure to generate proper NIL funds — I’m not taking guesses either way — things fell apart pretty quickly for the Demon Deacons. In Clawson’s last two seasons, they went 4-8 with sub-90 SP+ rankings. The good players left too quickly, and there just wasn’t enough talent to work with.
If there’s anyone who knows about winning when your best players are constantly looking out the door, it’s Jake Dickert. He went 20-18 in three years at Washington State despite constant turnover. And his first Wake team will be portal-built. He inherits a solid tackle-breaker in running back Demond Claiborne, a sure-tackling linebacker in Dylan Hazen and little else. He brought a few Wazzu transfers with him, including three starting offensive linemen and a solid receiver in Carlos Hernandez. Those linemen will be protecting one of two very exciting (read: scramble-heavy and sack-prone) quarterbacks in sophomore Deshawn Purdie (Charlotte) or senior Robby Ashford (South Carolina). They’ll be running around a lot and potentially throwing to Hernandez and two 1,000-yard smaller-school receivers in Reginald Vick Jr. (Virginia Union) and Karate Brenson (Tennessee State).
Yes, his name is Karate Brenson.
Former Kansas State and Michigan State coordinator Scottie Hazelton takes over a defense that — surprise! — will consist mostly of transfers. Ends Gabe Kirschke (Colorado State) and Langston Hardy (UConn) were nice gets, and safeties Ashaad Williams (North Alabama) and Sascha Garcia (William & Mary) were both smaller-school ballhawks. Led by Hazen, this could become a solid-tackling, make-them-beat-you defense pretty quickly. But it’s still fair to question the overall talent level on both sides of the ball.
Head coach: Frank Reich (first year)
2025 projection: 88th in SP+, 3.4 average wins (2.2 in the ACC)
As far as interim coaches go, you could do worse than Frank Reich. The former Indianapolis Colts and Carolina Panthers head coach — and engineer of two of the greatest comebacks of all time — has the résumé, even if he went just 4-15-1 in his last two years in those jobs. Andrew Luck, the Stanford GM overseeing the program, called in a favor in bringing Reich in after the awkwardly timed firing of Troy Taylor, and no matter what, Reich probably isn’t going to do any worse than Taylor. He went 3-9 in each of his two years on the job, just as predecessor David Shaw went 3-9 in each of his last two years. Stanford’s SP+ ranking has gotten worse in seven of the last nine years, and the last time the win total improved in a given season was 2015. Yikes. After the program’s sudden surge under Jim Harbaugh and Shaw, it’s been a slow-motion disaster for most of a decade.
So yeah, there’s a low bar for Reich. At QB, he and offensive coordinator Nate Byham will try to create something useful out of either senior Ben Gulbranson (Oregon State), sophomore Dylan Rizk (UCF) or redshirt freshman Elijah Brown; the only particularly proven players in the skill corps are smaller-school transfers in running back Tuna Altahir (Eastern Washington) and receivers Caden High (SC State) and David Pantelis (Yale). The offensive line, long loaded with former blue-chippers, doesn’t really have any left. But three starters do return, along with transfers Niki Prongos (UCLA) and Nathan Mejia (Sacramento State). Is there a successful offense in that mix? I don’t see it.
The defense has been horrible for three straight years, but it does have experience and continuity — of 20 players with at least 150 snaps, 15 return. Outside linebacker Tevarua Tafiti, nickel Collin Wright and safety Mitch Leigber are all solid, but the hope has to be that experience and development create something useful.
Things don’t usually turn around for an interim, but at the very least, things probably won’t get worse. Does that count as positive spin?
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