A senior official in former president Joe Biden’s administration has told Sky News that he has no doubt that Israel has committed war crimes in Gaza.
Speaking to the Trump 100 podcast, Matthew Miller, who, as a state department spokesman, was the voice and face of the US government’s foreign policy under Mr Biden, revealed disagreements, tensions and challenges within the former administration.
In the wide-ranging conversation, he said:
• It was “without a doubt true that Israel has committed war crimes”; • That Israeli soldiers were not being “held accountable”; • That there were “disagreements all along the way” about how to handle policy; • And that he “would have wanted to have a better candidate” than Mr Biden for the 2024 election.
Mr Miller served as the state department spokesman from 2023 until the end of Mr Biden’s presidential term. From the podium, his job was to explain and defend foreign policy decisions – from Ukraine to Gaza.
“Look, one of the things about being a spokesperson is you’re not a spokesperson for yourself. You are a spokesperson for the president, the administration, and you espouse the positions of the administration. And when you’re not in the administration, you can just give your own opinions.”
Now out of office, he offered a candid reflection of a hugely challenging period in foreign policy and US politics.
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1:37
Miller: Israel ‘committed war crimes’
Gaza disagreements
Asked about Gaza, he revealed there were “small and big” disagreements within the Biden administration over the US-Israeli relationship.
“There were disagreements all along the way about how to handle policy. Some of those were big disagreements, some of those were little disagreements,” he said.
Pushed on rumours that then-secretary of state Antony Blinken had frustrations with Mr Biden over both Gaza and Ukraine policy, Mr Miller hinted at the tensions.
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“I’ll probably wait and let the secretary speak for himself… but I will say, speaking generally, look, it is true about every senior official in government that they don’t win every policy fight that they enter into. And what you do is you make your best case to the president.
“The administration did debate, at times, whether and when to cut off weapons to Israel. You saw us in the spring of 2024 stop the shipment of 2,000-pound bombs to Israel because we did not believe they would use those in a way that was appropriate in Gaza.”
Through the spring and summer of 2024, the Biden administration was caught between its bedrock policy of the unconditional defence of its ally Israel and the reality of what that ally was doing in Gaza, with American weapons.
Mr Mill said: “There were debates about whether to suspend other arms deliveries, and you saw at times us hold back certain arms while we negotiated the use of those arms…
“But we found ourselves in this really tough position, especially in that time period when it really came to a head… We were at a place where – I’m thinking of the way I can appropriately say this – the decisions and the thinking of Hamas leadership were not always secret to the United States and to our partners.”
Image: Matthew Miller during a news briefing at the state department in 2023. Pic: AP
He continued: “And it was clear to us in that period that there was a time when our public discussion of withholding weapons from Israel, as well as the protests on college campuses in the United States, and the movement of some European countries to recognise the state of Palestine – appropriate discussions, appropriate decisions – protests are appropriate – but all of those things together were leading the leadership of Hamas to conclude that they didn’t need to agree to a ceasefire, they just needed to hold out for a little bit longer, and they could get what they always wanted.”
“Now, the thing that I look back on, that I will always ask questions of myself about, and I think this is true for others in government, is in that intervening period between the end of May and the middle of January [2025], when thousands of Palestinians were killed, innocent civilians who didn’t want this war, had nothing to do with it, was there more that we could, could have done to pressure the Israeli government to agree to that ceasefire? I think at times there probably was,” Mr Miller said.
Asked for his view on the accusation of genocide in Gaza, he said: “I don’t think it’s a genocide, but I think it is without a doubt true that Israel has committed war crimes.”
Challenged on why he didn’t make these points while in government, he said: “When you’re at the podium, you’re not expressing your personal opinion. You’re expressing the conclusions of the United States government. The United States government had not concluded that they committed war crimes, still have not concluded [that].”
Image: Anthony Blinken, left, with then US President Joe Biden. Pic: AP
He went on to offer a qualification to his accusation.
“There are two ways to think about the commission of war crimes,” he said.
“One is if the state has pursued a policy of deliberately committing war crimes or is acting recklessly in a way that aids and abets war crimes. Is the state committing war crimes?
“That, I think, is an open question. I think what is almost certainly not an open question is that there have been individual incidents that have been war crimes where Israeli soldiers, members of the Israeli military, have committed war crimes.”
The Israeli government continues to strongly deny all claims that it has committed war crimes in Gaza.
On Joe Biden’s election hopes
Mr Miller also offered a candid reflection on the suitability of Mr Biden as a candidate in the 2024 US election. While Mr Biden initially ran to extend his stay in the White House, he stepped aside, with Kamala Harris taking his place as the Democratic candidate.
“Had I not been inside the government, had I been outside the government acting kind of in a political role, of course, I would have wanted to have a better candidate,” he said.
“It’s that collective action problem where no one wants to be the first to speak out and stand up alone. You stand up by yourself and get your head chopped off, stand up together, you can take action.
“But there was never really a consensus position in the party, and there was no one that was willing to stand up and rally the party to say this isn’t going to work.
“I don’t think there is anyone on the White House staff, including the most senior White House staffers, who could have gone to Joe Biden in the spring of 2023 or at any time after that and told him: ‘Mr President, you are not able to do the duties of this job. And you will not win re-election.’ He would have rejected that outright.”
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1:00
Biden’s presidency in 60 seconds
The Trump presidency
On the Donald Trump presidency so far, he offered a nuanced view.
He described Mr Trump’s Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff as “an extremely capable individual” but expressed his worry that he was being manipulated by Russian President Vladimir Putin.
“I know the people in the Biden administration who worked with him during the first negotiations for Gaza ceasefire thought that he was capable.
“I think at times he doesn’t know what he doesn’t know. And you see that especially in the negotiations to end the war in Ukraine, where you see him go into a meeting with Vladimir Putin and come out spouting Russian propaganda… I think he would benefit from a little diplomatic savvy and some experienced diplomats around him.”
Image: Trump’s Middle East envoy Steve Witkoff, left, with Vladimir Putin. Pic: Sputnik/AP
He continued: “But I do think it’s extremely important that when people sit down with an envoy of the United States they know that that envoy speaks for the President of the United States and it is very clear that Witkoff has that and that’s an extremely valuable asset to bring to the table.”
On the months and years ahead under Mr Trump, Mr Miller said: “The thing that worries me most is that Donald Trump may squander the position that the United States has built around the world over successive administrations of both parties over a course of decades.
“I don’t think most Americans understand the benefits that they get to their daily lives by the United States being the indispensable nation in the world.
“The open question is: will the damage that he’s doing be recoverable or not?”
Elon Musk has become the first person ever to reach a net worth of more than $500bn (£371bn).
The milestone was boosted by a recovery in Tesla stock and soaring valuations in the tech entrepreneur’s other startups this year, according to the Forbes billionaires index.
Tesla shares had a bumpy start to 2025, but climbed as investor optimism grew when Musk took a step away from his role in the Trump administration and refocused on his businesses.
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1:28
Ed Miliband to Musk: ‘Get the hell out of our politics’
Last month, Tesla board chair Robyn Denholm said Musk was once again “front and centre” at the company after spending several months at the White House.
Musk’s wealth is heavily linked to Tesla, where he owned over a 12.4% stake as of 15 September.
The company’s shares have gained more than 14% year to date and closed 3.3% higher yesterday – boosting Musk’s net worth by over $6bn (£4.4bn).
Musk has bought approximately $1bn (£740m) worth of shares, signalling strong confidence in Tesla’s future as it shifts focus from being just an automaker to becoming a leader in AI and robotics.
Image: Elon Musk on stage during a Tesla event in Shanghai, China. Pic: Reuters
However, declining vehicle sales and ongoing pressure on profit margins have weighed on the stock, causing it to be among the weakest performers within the “magnificent seven” group of major tech companies.
Musk’s artificial intelligence startup xAI and his rocket company SpaceX have both seen their valuations increase this year.
According to Pitchbook data, xAI was valued at $75bn (£55bn) as of July.
Bloomberg News reported in July that SpaceX was planning to raise funds and sell insider shares in a deal valuing the company at approximately $400bn (£296bn).
Oracle founder Larry Ellison ranks second on the Forbes rich list, with a net worth of about $350.7bn (£260bn) as of Wednesday.
The screams from the women and children pierce the air as the battering ram smashes through the front door of their home.
There’s shouting and all-round chaos as police officers – machine guns and pistols held out in front of them – pile inside.
Doors are kicked in, curtains ripped down, drawers are opened in bedrooms, and boxes and tables are overturned.
“There’s children here!” the women shout, as they all drop to the floor.
Image: Officers force their way into home on a raid
We are on a drugs raid in Guayaquil in Ecuador, and the police say they have good intelligence that this is the home of a drug dealer.
I have done dozens of embeds during my career covering Latin America’s drugs gangs, and it’s always deeply upsetting to see children caught up in it.
These are homes, and these are women and children, but their rights are trumped by their circumstances – they are poor, live in a rough area, and the likelihood is that one of their family members is part of a gang.
The police coming through their door is a fact of life for them.
Image: Police are getting additional resources to tackle drug cartels
What has changed here, though, is that the raids have increased, and will continue to.
Why? Because US President Donald Trump has launched a war against drug cartels – and is demanding that countries on his list of troublesome nations tow the line and join him, or face punishing sanctions or worse.
Ecuador doesn’t produce drugs, but it is used as a transit country by drug cartels in this region. Its ports are the gateway to sea routes north to the United States and west to Asia and the South Pacific.
It is for this reason that Ecuador is on Trump’s list. But Ecuador wants help combatting these criminal networks and has been co-operating with the US.
Trump has been sending resources and military muscle to Ecuador, and the US is planning to open a military base there.
In exchange, Ecuador’s security forces are raising their game to assure America that they are on the same page.
Image: Stuart Ramsay in Guayaquil, Ecuador
We witnessed this effort in real time, guided through multiple raids by a police officer with the call sign “Lynx”. He’s a former special forces officer now affiliated with the drugs squad, and he is something of a phenomenon.
“The United States [is] giving us money, guns, technology, and we are so happy about that,” he told me.
“It’s very important for the war.”
You could say that Lynx is in many ways the poster boy of the Ecuadorian police – he’s extremely confident, highly rated by his superiors and adored by his team.
Among his repertoire of skills, he is an expert drone pilot.
Image: Stuart Ramsay meets with former special forces officer ‘Lynx’
I joined him in the car park of the police headquarters as he put up his drone and started spotting drug deals on the streets a kilometre or so away. We watched the screen on the controller as two transactions took place.
The multibillion-dollar drugs business is a vast global network, and by taking out the “small guys” as Lynx calls them, they hope to disrupt the chain higher up.
“We always grab the small guys, and they talk … give me that guy, he’s a bigger guy, and then we go, go, go,” is how Lynx describes taking out the chain.
They hope that any intelligence they can gather from the lower links will ultimately be valuable information they can pass on to the US to catch more important figures.
Image: A suspect lies on the ground as police stand guard
Lynx briefs his boss, and then we jump in our vehicles as the police try to track down the dealers. They find them – and the drugs they were selling – the next day.
The same day, we head to a notoriously dangerous hilltop neighbourhood with Lynx and the rest of the officers. They are looking for more drugs and dealers who will talk.
They arrest one man they say is a lookout – and as they search through piles of rubbish for drugs, they find bags of cocaine.
Lynx thinks we are being watched, so he sends his drone up again, this time to see what’s happening in the streets above us.
Image: Police are getting additional resources to tackle drug cartels
“Many people [are] up on the hill, like radars looking for us, and what we are doing, and they have an advantage because they’re higher up,” he says.
“We will take the evidence, and that guy is not the owner, he is just a lookout,” he says, pointing to the man in handcuffs on the floor.
“And then I’m going to take you next to where a big drug dealer is, a strong dealer.”
Image: Armed officers watch on outside a home in Guayaquil
I ask Lynx if he thinks people who do drugs in London, New York, or Los Angeles – or anywhere really – think about him and his officers on the streets every single day.
“I think no, because they’re in the countries more powerful, smarter, if they really [knew] I think they would think no, it’s bad, because people are killing in poor countries for the drugs, for the drugs [they] are consuming,” he replied.
“Maybe they’ll think, oh I don’t have to do that.”
The haul of drugs, weapons, ammunition and money from the raids we joined is pretty impressive.
Bags of marijuana, kilo packets of cocaine cut for sale, alongside a kilo of pure cocaine paste. There’s also money, weapons and ammunition.
It’s something of a Latin American tradition to display the results of these raids.
Behind the table, also on display, are the alleged gang members.
Who they know is worth more than all the drugs in front of them, which is what the Americans want.
The US government is hours away from shutting down for the first time in almost seven years after last-ditch Senate votes on funding plans fell short.
Hundreds of thousands of federal workers deemed not essential for protecting people or property – such as law enforcement personnel – could be furloughed or laid off when the shutdown begins at midnight (5am UK time).
Critical services, including social security payments and the postal service, will keep operating but may suffer from worker shortages, while national parks and museums could be among the sectors that close completely.
It comes after rival Democrat and Republicans refused to budge in their stand-off over healthcare spending.
A Democrat-led proposal to keep the government funded went down by 53 votes to 47 in the Senate, before the Republicans’ one notched up 55 in favour – five short of the threshold needed to avert a shutdown.
Unlike legislation, a simple majority isn’t enough to pass a government funding bill.
Following the votes in Washington DC on Tuesday night, the White House’s budget office confirmed the shutdown would happen and said affected agencies “should now execute their plans”.
It blamed the Democrats, describing their position as “untenable”. The opposition party wants to reverse cuts to the government’s health insurance programme, Medicaid, which were passed earlier this summer.
Senate majority leader John Thune, a Republican, accused the Democrats of taking federal workers “hostage”.
His Democrat counterpart, Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer, said the Republicans’ funding package “does absolutely nothing to solve the biggest health care crisis in America”.
Image: Republican senators blamed the Democrats for not keeping the government open. Pic: Reuters
Trump threatens layoffs
President Donald Trump was defiant ahead of the votes, and warned he could make “irreversible” cuts “that are bad” for the Democrats if the shutdown went ahead.
He threatened to cut “vast numbers of people out” and “programmes that they (the Democrats) like”.
“We’ll be laying off a lot of people,” he told reporters in the Oval Office on Tuesday.
Tens of thousands of government employees have already been laid off this year, driven by the “DOGE” initiative that was spearheaded by Elon Musk upon Mr Trump’s return to the White House.
Image: Donald Trump spoke in the Oval Office ahead of the shutdown. Pic: Reuters
The last shutdown was in Mr Trump’s first term, from December 2018 to January 2019, when he demanded money for his US-Mexico border wall. At 35 days, it was the longest on record.
Mr Thune has expressed hope the latest shutdown will come to a much quicker conclusion, telling reporters: “We can reopen tomorrow – all it takes is a handful of Democrats to join Republicans to pass the clean, nonpartisan funding bill that’s in front of us.”
Before this week, the government had shut down 15 times since 1981. Most only last a few days.
The Senate will hold further votes on the Republican and Democrat stopgap funding bills on Wednesday. The former would fund the government through to 21 November.
What happens now?
Immigration enforcement, air-traffic control, military operations, social security and law enforcement are among the services that will not be brought to a halt.
However, should employees miss out on payslips as a result of a prolonged shutdown, they could be impacted by staffing shortages. For example, delays at airports.
Cultural institutions deemed non-essential, like national parks and museums, will be more directly impacted from the very beginning, with large cuts to the workforce.
The popular Smithsonian, for example, has said it only has enough funding to stay open for a week.
This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly.