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Cooling towers at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in Middletown, Pennsylvania, Oct. 30, 2024.

Danielle DeVries | CNBC

If there is one thing the U.S. needs to lead the artificial intelligence revolution, it’s electricity. Insane amounts of it.

A 2024 report commissioned by the U.S. Department of Energy found that data centers — the backbone of artificial intelligence — already accounted for more than 4% of U.S. electricity use, and the report said that could grow to 12% by 2028. That would be 580 billion kilowatt hours, or nearly 20 times the annual power consumption of the city of Chicago.

“Data centers run 24/7, and need to be able to support the needs of our users,” said Rachel Peterson, vice president of data centers for Meta. The parent of Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp has announced a massive push into AI.

“We use a lot of power. We need to make sure we have a robust grid,” she said.

Meta is not alone, say economic development experts.

“The big issues right now are deliverability of sites,” said Tom Stringer, a principal and leader of the site selection and incentives practice at Grassi Advisors in New York. “And maybe the biggest component of that is adequate power.”

The deals keep coming. On Tuesday, Google announced it would spend $25 billion to develop data centers along the nation’s largest multi-state grid, an electricity region covering 13 states in all. Meanwhile. CoreWeave announced a $6 billion AI data center project in Pennsylvania.

CNBC considers each state’s electrical grid in our annual competitiveness study, America’s Top States for Business. Under the study’s methodology, we use U.S. Department of Energy data on grid reliability — the duration of power outages per year — as well as the retail price of electricity.

With a wealth of inexpensive, reliable electricity, these states are the best equipped to power the AI revolution, and everything else.

Washington

Diablo dam on Skagit river in Washington state.

Crady Von Pawlak | Moment | Getty Images

The power grid in Washington — and across the Pacific Northwest — faces no shortage of challenges. While demand grows, climate change is intensifying the storms that batter the area every year and threatening the consistency of hydroelectric power, an important source for the region. But so far, the state is meeting the demand at a reasonable price.

Largest electric utility: Puget Sound Energy

Power outages statewide: 2.53 hours/year (2023)

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $10.16/kWh (2024)

Power from renewable sources: 10.2%

New Mexico

Vera Leader / 500px | 500px | Getty Images

New Mexico is the seventh largest generator of wind energy, according to the Energy Department, and it is seeking to increase the use of other alternative sources like solar power to meet relentless demand. The state is also seeking to modernize its grid with tools like smart meters that will help the state better coordinate supply and demand.

Largest electric utility: Public Service Company of New Mexico

Power outages statewide: 2.82 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.30/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 59.6%

Montana

Linemen work on a rebuild of Northwestern Energy electric transmissions lines in Park County on May 14, 2020 in Livingston, Montana.

William Campbell | Getty Images News | Getty Images

Montana is home to the Western end of the North Plains Connector, a 420-mile, 525-kilovolt-transmission line that will connect the Eastern and Western U.S. electrical grids for the first time. The $3.2 billion project, funded in part by the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021, aims to make the grid more resilient and responsive to demand, with the ability to move electricity in either direction between Montana and North Dakota. The project is in the permitting phase, with construction expected to begin in 2028, and electricity expected to begin flowing in 2032.

Largest electric utility: NorthWestern Energy

Power outages statewide: 1.98 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $10.84/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 25.1%

North Dakota

Valley Camp, North Dakota, Wind farm. Replacement blades are stacked near some of the turbines. (Photo by: Jim West/UCG/Universal Images Group via Getty Images)

Ucg | Universal Images Group | Getty Images

North Dakotans enjoy the cheapest electricity of any state — roughly 30% cheaper than in neighboring Minnesota. One reason, the U.S. Department of Energy says, is that the state has abundant supplies of coal and natural gas, and a small population. That allows the state to produce far more energy than it consumes. But the state also boasts the most abundant wind energy resources in the nation, and it is rich in other renewable sources like biomass. In all, North Dakota generates about one-third of its power from renewable sources, and efforts are underway to increase that. EmPower North Dakota, an agency created by the state legislature in 2007, aims to diversify the state’s grid beyond fossil fuels.

Largest electric utility: Xcel Energy

Power outages statewide: 3.48 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $8.00/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 34.7%

Idaho

Cows graze on a pasture surrounded by solar panels.

Robert Gauthier | Los Angeles Times | Getty Images

Idaho was early to the data center sweepstakes, landing Meta’s massive Kuna data center back in 2022. The roughly 1-million-square-foot facility is expected to begin operations next year. To fulfill Meta’s promise that the center will run on 100% renewable energy, the company is helping to develop a 200-megawatt solar facility nearby. But Idaho is also rich in other renewable sources, most notably hydroelectric power. Idaho is also one of the only states capable of generating significant amounts of electricity through geothermal power.

Largest electric utility: Idaho Power (IDACORP)

Power outages statewide: 2.29 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.52/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 29%

South Dakota

Torrents of water roar through the Gavins Point Dam just outside Yankton, South Dakota.

Kansas City Star | Tribune News Service | Getty Images

South Dakota is meeting the voracious demand for energy with a heavy reliance on renewables — especially wind, which accounts for 55% of the state’s electricity generation, according to the Energy Department. The only state more reliant on wind is Iowa. The Energy Department notes that wind power surpassed hydropower in South Dakota for the first time in 2021. By 2023, wind energy had surged to three times as much electricity generation as hydropower. All the while, South Dakota has maintained one of the most reliable grids in the nation.

Largest electric utility: Xcel Energy

Power outages statewide: 1.28 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $11/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 62.5%

Utah

Conveyors for moving coal at the Savage Energy Terminal, a coal transfer facility in Price, Utah.

Vw Pics | Universal Images Group | Getty Images

While coal still accounts for nearly half of Utah‘s electricity generation, that is down sharply from 75% a decade ago, according to the Energy Department. The Utah Office of Energy Development says its Strategic Energy Plan differs from energy policies in many other states because it prioritizes the human consequences of its actions.

“While other states enact energy policies focused on energy resources and emissions, Utah is focused on ensuring our citizens maintain their standard of living and have the chance to thrive,” the office’s website says.

The policy aims to double the state’s power production by 2025, while keeping costs affordable, increasing efficiency, and protecting the environment.

Largest electric utility: Rocky Mountain Power – a division of Berkshire Hathaway‘s PacifiCorp

Power outages statewide: 2.12 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.03/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 32%

Wyoming

Coal-fired power plant on river in eastern Wyoming

Philaugustavo | E+ | Getty Images

Wyoming is coal country — home to about one-third of the nation’s recoverable coal reserves, according to the Energy Department. So, it should come as no surprise that coal-fired power plants produce around three-quarters of Wyoming’s electricity, more than any state except West Virginia. But that is down from 97% in 2003. Since then, coal’s decline as a preferred energy source nationwide has profoundly affected Wyoming’s economy. Still, with the smallest population of any state, and all that coal — plus abundant wind, hydroelectric, natural gas and solar power — Wyoming produces far more power than it consumes. That makes for very low costs on a reliable grid.

Largest electric utility: Rocky Mountain Power – a division of Berkshire Hathaway’s PacifiCorp

Power outages statewide: 1.99 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.15/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 24.8%

Iowa

A composite wind blade, used in the construction of power-generating wind turbines, is displayed in front of the TPI Composites, Inc. manufacturing facility on July 02, 2025 in Newton, Iowa.

Scott Olson | Getty Images News | Getty Images

No state gets more of its electricity from wind than Iowa, according to the Energy Department, which says Iowa’s power mix has changed rapidly over the past decade or so. Coal, which was dominant until around 2019, now accounts for less than a quarter of the state’s electricity production. The state’s only nuclear plant, the Duane Arnold Energy Center near Cedar Rapids, ceased operations after sustaining damage in the infamous 2020 derecho. Now, the plant’s owner, NextEra Energy Resources, is looking into the possibility of restarting the plant to help meet demand from projects like data centers. But the company is also developing two new solar farms on the site.

Largest electric utility: MidAmerican Energy (Berkshire Hathaway)

Power outages statewide: 1.75 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.43/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 65.6%

Nebraska

Sign outside of the Google Data Center on September 10, 2024 in in Papillion, Nebraska.

The Washington Post | The Washington Post | Getty Images

Nebraska offers America’s most reliable power grid, at among the lowest cost. The Energy Department says Nebraska is the only state in which all electricity providers are owned by the public — either through public power districts, municipal power systems, or rural electric cooperatives. Most of the state’s electricity still comes from coal-fired power plants, but the amount of electricity generated by coal is the lowest in a generation.

In May, Gov. Jim Pillen signed legislation placing new restrictions on cryptocurrency mining — another major user of electricity. The law requires miners to contribute to grid improvements, and it allows utilities to require them to shut down during times of peak demand.

Largest electric utility: Nebraska Public Power District

Power outages statewide: 1.21 hours/year

Average retail price of electricity (all sectors): $9.19/kWh

Power from renewable sources: 33.6%

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CA senate drops controversial contract-breaking provision of solar law

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CA senate drops controversial contract-breaking provision of solar law

The California Senate dropped a controversial provision of an upcoming solar law which would have broken long-standing solar contracts with California homeowners after significant public backlash over the state’s plans to do so.

For several months now, AB 942 has been working its way through the California legislature, with big changes to the way that California treats contracts for residential solar.

The state has long allowed for “net metering,” the concept that if you sell your excess solar power to the grid, it gives you a credit that you can use to draw from the grid when your solar isn’t producing.

Some 2 million homeowners in California signed contracts with 20-year terms when they purchased their solar systems, figuring that the solar panels would pay off their significant investment over the coming decades by allowing them to sell power to the grid that they generated from their rooftops.

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But this has long been a sticking point for the state’s regulated private utilities. They are in the business of selling power, so they tend to have little interest in buying it from the people they’re supposed to be selling it to.

As a result, utilities have consistently tried to get language watering down net metering contracts inserted into bills considered by the CA legislature, and the most recent one was a bit of a doozy.

The most recent plan was asked for by the CA Public Utilities Commission, in response to an executive order by Gov. Gavin Newsom, was authored by a former utility executive, and used some questionable justifications, claiming that solar customers were responsible for high utility bills by shifting costs from solar customers to non-solar customers. Other analyses show that rooftop solar helped save $1.5 billion for ratepayers.

The most controversial point of AB 942 was that it would break rooftop solar contracts early. At first, it was going to break all existing contracts, then was limited to only break contracts if a homeowner sells their home. The ability to transfer these contracts was key to the buying decision for many homeowners who installed solar, as the ability to generate your own power and lower your electricity bills adds to a home’s value.

This brought anger from several rooftop solar owners and organizations associated with the industry. 100 organizations signed onto an effort to stop blaming consumers who are doing their best to reduce emissions and instead focus on the real causes of higher electricity, which the groups said are associated with high utility spending and profits.

It also resulted in several protests outside CA assemblymembers’ offices, opposing the bill. And California representatives received a high volume of comments opposing the plan to break solar contracts.

But, as of Tuesday, the language which would break rooftop solar contracts has been removed by the CA Senate’s Energy Committee, chaired by Senator Josh Becker, who led the effort. Language which blamed consumers for utility rate-hikes was also removed from the bill, according to the Solar Rights Alliance.

The bill is still not law, it has only moved out of the Energy Committee. But bills that advance through committee in California do not usually meet a significant amount of debate when they come to a floor vote, due to the Democratic supermajority in the state. It seems likely that if this bill advances to a vote, it will pass.

Electrek’s Take

The bill is still not perfect for solar homeowners. It disallows anyone with a yearly electricity bill of under $300 from getting the “California Climate Credit,” which is a refund to state utility customers paid for by California’s carbon fee on polluting industry.

The justification is thin for removing this credit from homeowners who are doing even more for the climate by installing solar… but it turns out that limitation probably won’t affect many customers, because most solar customers will still pay a yearly grid connection tax of around $300/year, and most solar customers still have a small electricity bill anyway at the end of the year.

Now, the question of a grid connection fee is another point of possible contention. This has been referred to as a “tax on the sun” in some jurisdictions, and it does feel like an attempt to nickel-and-dime customers who are contributing to climate reductions and should not be penalized for doing so. However, there is at least some rationality in the concept that they should pay to use infrastructure (but then… isn’t that the point of taxes, to build infrastructure for people to use?).

In short, even if it’s not perfect for every solar homeowner, we can consider this a win, and an example of how, at least with functional governments (unlike the US’ one), the public can and should be able to stop bad laws, or bad portions of laws, with enough public effort.

Now, if only we could apply that to those ridiculous EV fees


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Your personalized solar quotes are easy to compare online and you’ll get access to unbiased Energy Advisors to help you every step of the way. Get started here.

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Volvo’s best-selling vehicle is coming to America

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Volvo's best-selling vehicle is coming to America

The XC60, Volvo’s best-selling vehicle, will soon be built in South Carolina. It will be assembled alongside the flagship EX90 electric SUV, with Volvo promising this is “just the beginning.”

Volvo brings its best-selling vehicle to South Carolina

Volvo revealed plans to begin production of its best-selling vehicle, the XC60, at its Ridgeville, South Carolina, plant.

Located just outside of Charleston, the facility is Volvo’s first US plant. After investing around 1.3 billion into it over the past decade, the “state-of-the-art, future-ready” facility assembles Volvo’s three-row electric SUV, the EX90, and the Polestar 3.

Volvo said that by adding the XC60, both as a mild hybrid and plug-in hybrid (PHEV), it would “soon now produce something for everyone in its US plant.”

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The XC60 has been the best-selling Volvo vehicle globally for several years now. It’s also already the brand’s most popular in the US, representing over 33% of Volvo’s sales. Volvo said that a quarter of buyers opted for the PHEV variant. The XC60 is the fourth-best-selling luxury PHEV in the US.

Volvo-best-selling-vehicle
Volvo XC60 (Source: Volvo)

“The XC60 is already beloved around the world and in the US, and we’re proud we’ll soon be able to offer American families the XC60 they love, assembled here by American autoworkers,” Luis Rezende, President of Volvo Cars Americas, said.

In June, the XC60 was again Volvo’s top seller with over 20,700 units sold, up 8% from June 2024. In the first half of the year, XC60 sales in the US rose by nearly 23%.

Volvo-best-selling-vehicle
Volvo XC60 (Source: Volvo)

After announcing that Q2 sales rose 4.4% in the US, Rezende said, “This quarter is just the beginning.” He added, “We are confident in the path ahead and remain fully committed to accelerating our electrification journey.”

The EX60 recently surpassed the 240 wagon to become Volvo’s best-selling vehicle of all time. Over 2.7 million XC60s are on the road today.

In late 2026, XC60 production is set to begin in the US, marking another milestone. Volvo mentioned it will continue building the EX90 at the facility “for customers who want more space or are looking to go fully electric.”

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Ford dealers told to brace for EV rush as incentive cutoff nears

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Ford dealers told to brace for EV rush as incentive cutoff nears

With the federal EV incentive set to expire at the end of September, Ford is urging its dealers to prepare for a rush of buyers.

Ford warns dealers of upcoming EV rush

Like most automakers, Ford is preparing for a shakeup under the Trump Administration. After the “One Big Beautiful Bill” was signed into law on July 4, the $7,500 and $4,000 tax credit for new and used EVs will no longer be available after September 30.

In a memo sent to dealers this week, Ford warned, “demand is expected to increase as the deadline approaches for eligible vehicles.”

The letter (via CarsDirect) confirmed that the EV tax credit “will no longer be available for vehicles acquired after September 30, 2025.”

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Ford blamed Trump’s new bill for the expected rush of EV buyers ahead of the incentive deadline. Although the Mustang Mach-E doesn’t qualify for the credit, since it’s built in Mexico, Ford is passing it on through a leasing loophole. While it’s still available, the F-150 Lightning does qualify for the credit when purchased or leased.

Ford-EV-rush
2025 Ford Mustang Mach-E (Source: Ford)

Last week, Ford launched its new “Zero, Zero, Zero” summer sales promo, offering a $0 down payment, 0% interest for 48 months, and zero payments for the first 90 days on most Ford and Lincoln vehicles.

The new campaign replaces the employee pricing for all campaign, which ran through the first half of the year. Despite outpacing the industry with overall sales rising 14% in Q2, Ford’s EV sales fell by nearly a third.

Ford-EV-rush
Ford Mustang Mach-E (left) and F-150 Lightning (right) (Source: Ford)

Ford spokesperson Martin Gunsberg told Electrek that electric vehicle sales were lower due to the Mustang Mach-E recall and the transition to the 2025 model year. “Our dealers can’t sell what they don’t have,” Gunsberg said.

Although the Mach-E doesn’t qualify for the credit when purchased, it’s still one of the best EV lease deals available right now, starting at $395 per month. The offer is for 36 months with no down payment required.

Ford-EV-rush
2025 Ford F-150 Lightning (Source: Ford)

Ford isn’t the only one preparing for big changes over the next few months. Honda extended its ultra-low lease offer on the Prologue until the end of September. Hyundai and Kia are slashing prices with generous discounts ahead of the deadline. The 2025 Hyundai IONIQ 5 might be the best EV deal at just $179 per month right now.

Looking to snag the savings while they are still available? You can use our links below to find deals on top-selling electric vehicles in your area.

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