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NVIDIA AI Computing Card captured in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China on Dec. 9, 2025.

Cfoto | Future Publishing | Getty Images

U.S. authorities announced Tuesday that they have shut down yet another China-linked smuggling network that trafficked or attempted to traffic more than $160 million in export-controlled Nvidia AI chips.

According to a press release from the U.S. Attorney’s Office, two businessmen were taken into custody, while a Houston-based company and its owner have already pleaded guilty to chip smuggling as part of the wider investigation.

The case comes as Washington steps up its enforcement of export controls aimed at curbing China’s access to advanced AI technologies, including Nvidia’s Graphics Processing Units. 

The operation, dubbed “Operation Gatekeeper,” exposed efforts to funnel cutting-edge AI chips — with military and civilian applications — to entities that could undermine U.S. national security, according to a statement from U.S. Attorney Nicholas J. Ganjei for the Southern District of Texas.

Newly unsealed documents show that Alan Hao Hsu, 43, of Missouri City, Texas, and his company, Hao Global LLC, pleaded guilty to smuggling and unlawful export activities on Oct. 10. 

Officials said Hsu and associates had exported or attempted to export at least $160 million worth of Nvidia H100 and H200 GPUs between October 2024 and May 2025.

The H200 and H100 models, while not Nvidia’s most advanced chips, still require a special license to be shipped to China under current controls.

Hsu’s operation allegedly falsified shipping documents to misclassify the GPUs and hide their true destinations, including China, Hong Kong and other prohibited locations. Investigators traced more than $50 million in funds originating from China to help fund the scheme by Hsu and Hao Global.

Hsu, who remains free on bond, faces up to 10 years in prison at his Feb. 18 sentencing, while Hao Global could be hit with fines up to twice its illicit gains plus probation. 

In a statement shared with CNBC, an Nvidia spokesperson said that export controls remain rigorous and that “even sales of older generation products on the secondary market are subject to strict scrutiny and review.”

“While millions of controlled GPUs are in service at businesses, homes, and schools, we will continue to work with the government and our customers to ensure that second-hand smuggling does not occur,” the spokesperson said.

Relabeled Nvidia GPUs

U.S. officials also charged Fanyue Gong, 43, a Chinese citizen residing in New York, and Benlin Yuan, 58, a Canadian citizen living in Ontario, as part of their investigation.

Yuan serves as CEO of a U.S. subsidiary of a Beijing-headquartered Chinese IT company, while Gong owns a New York technology firm. Both allegedly conspired independently with a Hong Kong logistics company and a China-based AI firm to evade chip controls.

Prosecutors alleged Gong used straw purchasers and intermediaries to acquire GPUs by misrepresenting the end customers as being in the U.S. or in unrestricted third countries.

Workers at U.S. warehouses would then rebrand shipments under fictitious names and mislabel them as generic parts for export to China and Hong Kong, according to the case.

Meanwhile, Yuan is accused of recruiting inspectors for the Hong Kong firm, instructing them to conceal Chinese destinations, devising cover stories to release detained shipments, and providing false information to authorities. He also allegedly handled storage for additional GPU exports.

If convicted, Yuan could face up to 20 years for conspiracy to violate the Export Control Reform Act, while Gong could receive as much as 10 years for conspiracy to smuggle.

The investigation involved the Commerce Department’s Bureau of Industry and Security, which oversees and enforces U.S. export controls, including those on Nvidia. The case comes amid a flurry of similar busts regarding unauthorized Nvidia exports in recent months. 

Lawmakers have been attempting to tighten oversight of U.S. chip controls following reports of loopholes in existing rules.

However, the U.S. President signaled this week that he would allow Nvidia to ship its H200 chips to “approved customers” in China and elsewhere, on the condition that Washington gets a 25% cut on the profits.

Although the H200 isn’t state-of-the-art in Nvidia’s lineup, it would become the most advanced model available to China and could help satiate demand for AI compute power in the country. 

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Nvidia’s new software could help trace where its AI chips end up

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Nvidia’s new software could help trace where its AI chips end up

Cfoto | Future Publishing | Getty Images

Nvidia is developing software that could provide location verification for its AI graphics processing units (GPUs), a move that comes as Washington ramps up efforts to prevent restricted chips from being used in countries like China.

The opt-in service uses a client software agent that Nvidia chip customers can install to monitor the health of their AI GPUs, the company said in a blog post on Wednesday

Nvidia also said that customers “will be able to visualize their GPU fleet utilization in a dashboard, globally or by compute zones — groups of nodes enrolled in the same physical or cloud locations.”

However, Nvidia told CNBC in a statement that the latest software does not give the company or outside actors the ability to disable its chips.

“There is no kill switch,” it added. “For GPU health, there are no features that allow NVIDIA to remotely control or take action on registered systems. It is readonly telemetry sent to NVIDIA.”

Telemetry is the automated process of collecting and transmitting data from remote or inaccessible sources to a central location for monitoring, analysis and optimization.

The ability to locate a device depends on the type of sensor data collected and transmitted, such as IP-based network information, timestamps, or other system-level signals that can be mapped to physical or cloud locations.

A screenshot of the software posted on Nvidia’s blog showed details such as the machine’s IP address and location.

A screenshot of the software posted on Nvidia’s blog showed details such as the machine’s IP address and location.

Nvidia blog screenshot | Opt-In NVIDIA Software Enables Data Center Fleet Management

Lukasz Olejnik, a senior research fellow at the Department of War Studies, King’s College London, said that while Nvidia indicated that its GPUs do not have hardware tracking technology, the blog did not specify if the data “uses customer input, network data, cloud provider metadata, or other methods.”

“In principle, also, the sent data contains metadata like network address, which may enable location in practice,” Olejnik, who is also an independent consultant, told CNBC.

The software could also detect any unexpected usage patterns that differ from what was declared, he added.

The latest features from Nvidia follow calls by lawmakers in Washington for the company to outfit its chips with tracking software that could help enforce export controls. 

Those rules bar Nvidia from selling its more advanced AI chips to companies in China and other prohibited locations without a special license. While Trump has recently said he plans to roll back some of these export restrictions, those on Nvidia’s cutting-edge chips will remain in place.  

In May, Senator Tom Cotton and a bipartisan group of eight lawmakers introduced the Chip Security Act, which, if passed, would mandate security mechanisms and location verification in advanced AI chips. 

“Firms affected by U.S. export controls or China-related restrictions could use the system to verify and prove their GPU fleets remain in approved locations and state, and demonstrate compliant usage to regulators,” Olejn noted.

“That could actually help in compliance and indirectly on investment outlook positively.”

Pressure on Nvidia has intensified after Justice Department investigations into alleged smuggling rings that moved over $160 million in Nvidia chips to China.

However, Chinese officials have pushed back, warning Nvidia against equipping its chips with tracking features, as well as “potential backdoors and vulnerabilities.” 

Following a national security investigation into some of Nvidia’s chips to check for these backdoors, Chinese officials have prevented local tech companies from purchasing products from the American chip designer. 

Despite a green light from U.S. President Donald Trump for Nvidia to ship its previously restricted H200 chips to China, Beijing is reportedly undecided about whether to permit the imports.

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Oracle shares plummet 11% in premarket, dragging down AI stocks

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Oracle shares plummet 11% in premarket, dragging down AI stocks

Oracle shares plummeted 11% in premarket trading on Thursday, extending yesterday’s losses after the firm reported disappointing results.

The cloud computing and database software maker reported lower-than-expected quarterly revenue on Wednesday, despite booming demand for its artificial intelligence infrastructure. Its revenue came in at $16.06 billion, compared with $16.21 billion expected by analysts, according to data compiled by LSEG.

It dragged other AI-related names down with it. Chip darling Nvidia was last seen down 1.5% in premarket trading, memory and storage firm Micron was 1.4% lower, tech heavyweight Microsoft dipped 0.9%, cloud company Coreweave slid 3% and AMD was 1.3% in negative territory.

Oracle shares drop sharply on mixed results

Oracle has been the subject of much market chatter since raising $18 billion in a jumbo bond sale in September, marking one of the largest debt issuances for the tech industry on record. The name shot onto investor agendas when it inked a $300 billion deal with OpenAI in the same month. Oracle made further moves into cloud infrastructure, where it battles Big Tech names such as AmazonMicrosoft and Google for AI contracts.

Global investors have questioned Oracle’s aggressive AI infrastructure build-out plans and whether it needs such a colossal amount of debt to execute, though other tech firms have also recently issued corporate bonds.

Oracle specifically has secured billions of dollars of construction loans through a consortium of banks tied to data centers in New Mexico and Wisconsin. The firm will raise roughly $20 billion to $30 billion in debt every year for the next three years, according to estimates by Citi analyst Tyler Radke.

Its share price has moved 34% higher year-to-date despite recent losses.

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Google’s AI unit DeepMind announces its first ‘automated research lab’ in the UK

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Google’s AI unit DeepMind announces its first 'automated research lab' in the UK

Google DeepMind, the tech giant’s AI unit, unveiled plans for its first “automated research lab” in the U.K. as it signs a partnership that could lead to the company deploying its latest models in the country. 

The AI company will open the lab, which will use AI and robotics to run experiments, in the U.K. next year. It will focus on developing new superconductor materials, which can be used to develop medical imaging tech, alongside new materials for semiconductors.

British scientists will gain “priority access” to some of the world’s most advanced AI tools under the partnership, the U.K. government said in its announcement.

Founded in London in 2010 by Nobel prize winner Demis Hassabis, DeepMind was acquired by Google in 2014, but has retained a large operational base in the U.K. The company has made several breakthroughs considered crucial to advancing AI technology.

The partnership could also lead to DeepMind working with the government on AI research in areas like nuclear fusion and deploying its Gemini models across government and education in the U.K, the government said.

“DeepMind serves as the perfect example of what UK-US tech collaboration can deliver – a firm with roots on both sides of the Atlantic backing British innovators to shape the curve of technological progress,” said U.K. Technology Secretary Liz Kendall in a statement.

“This agreement could help to unlock cleaner energy, smarter public services, and new opportunities which will benefit communities up and down the country,” she said.

Microsoft poaches more Google DeepMind AI talent as AI talent wars continue

“AI has incredible potential to drive a new era of scientific discovery and improve everyday life,” said Hassabis.

“We’re excited to deepen our collaboration with the UK government and build on the country’s rich heritage of innovation to advance science, strengthen security, and deliver tangible improvements for citizens.”

The U.K. has been racing to sign deals with major tech companies as it tries to build out its AI infrastructure and public deployment of the technology, since the publication of a national strategy for AI in January.

Microsoft, Nvidia, Google and OpenAI announced plans to funnel over $40 billion of investment into new AI infrastructure in the country in September, during a state visit by U.S. President Donald Trump.

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