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He was a tech whizz before he left primary school, dropped out of one of America’s top universities, and appeared to be spearheading a revolution that could change our lives forever.

Sam Altman would have been unknown to most outside tech circles before the launch of his firm’s breakthrough chatbot ChatGPT, but he has recently much of his time rubbing shoulders with world leaders and some of America’s most recognisable executives.

But in a surprise announcement on Friday, OpenAI – the firm behind ChatGPT – revealed Altman had been ousted as its chief executive after the board said it no longer had confidence in him.

Here, Sky News looks at the 38-year-old’s rise to fame – before his sudden axing.

Earlier life

Altman grew up in the US state of Missouri where, as an eight-year-old, he was gifted his first computer and quickly learnt not just how to use it, but to program for it.

Altman attended John Burroughs School in St Louis, and told The New Yorker in a 2016 interview that having his computer helped him come to terms with his sexuality and come out to his parents when he was a teenager.

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“Growing up gay in the Midwest in the 2000s was not the most awesome thing,” he recalled. “And finding AOL chatrooms was transformative. Secrets are bad when you are 11 or 12.”

With school in the rear-view mirror, it was time for university – Stanford, no less. Altman made his way to that famous California institution to study computer science, but dropped out after just two years, following in the footsteps of previous dropouts-turned-tech superstars Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg, who both abandoned their Harvard degrees before becoming two of history’s most influential CEOs.

Abandoning a precious spot at one of America’s top universities seemed such a rite of passage for the country’s leading tech entrepreneurs that it played right into the success story of the now disgraced Elizabeth Holmes, whose departure from Stanford to gatecrash Silicon Valley led to a wave of media attention not dissimilar to that currently given to Altman.

His first post-university venture was a smartphone app called Loopt, which let users selectively share their real-time location with other people. Some $30m (£24m) was raised to launch the company, aided by funding from a start-up accelerator firm called Y Combinator, which lists the likes of Airbnb and Twitch among the internet companies it has helped establish.

Altman became president of Y Combinator itself in 2014, after the sale of Loopt for $44m (£35m) in 2012. He also founded his own venture capital fund called Hydrazine Capital, attracting enough investment to be named on the Forbes 30 Under 30 list for venture capital. As if he wasn’t busy enough, Altman also ran Reddit for a grand total of eight days amid a leadership shake-up in 2014, describing his tenure as “sort of fun”.

The rise of OpenAI

While his time at the top of Reddit only lasted eight days, his oversight of OpenAI has lasted eight years. He was “doing pretty well” with it, he said in a February tweet (certainly compared to Loopt, which, he now says, “sucked”).

He launched the company with a certain Elon Musk (who only ran SpaceX and Tesla at the time) in 2015, the two men providing funding alongside the likes of Amazon and Microsoft, totalling $1bn (£800m).

It was run as a non-profit with the noble goal of developing AI while making sure it doesn’t wipe out humanity.

So far, mission accomplished – but if Altman’s to be believed, the risk since has become very real indeed.

Under his tenure, OpenAI ceased to be a non-profit and grew to an estimated value of up to $29bn (£23bn), all thanks to the remarkable success of its generative AI tools – ChatGPT for text and DALL-E for images.

Microsoft boss Satya Nadella described Altman as an “unbelievable entrepreneur” who bets big and bets right, which OpenAI’s success makes hard to argue with.

ChatGPT amassed tens of millions of users within weeks of launching in late 2022, wowing experts and casual observers alike with its ability to pass the world’s toughest exams, get through job applications, compose anything from political speeches to children’s homework, and write its own computer code.

Suddenly the concept of a large language model (meaning it is trained on huge amounts of text data so that it can understand our requests and respond accordingly) became something of a mainstream buzz term, its popularity seeing Microsoft invest extra cash into OpenAI and bring the tech to its Bing search engine and Office apps.

Google also got in on the act with its Bard chatbot, some of China’s biggest tech companies entered the race, while Musk – who left OpenAI in 2018 due to a conflict of interest with Tesla’s work on self-driving AI – has said he wants to launch his own one too.

All the while, OpenAI’s technology is also improving – an upgrade dubbed GPT-4 within months of ChatGPT’s release showing just how quickly these models can develop.

Read more:
We asked a chatbot to help write an article

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Will this chatbot replace humans?

‘My worst fears’

For all the wonder such systems have provided, it’s matched – if not surpassed – by the concerns. Whether it be spreading disinformation or making jobs redundant, governments are scrambling to formulate an effective way of regulating a technology that seems destined to change the world forever.

Perhaps with an eye on how some of his Silicon Valley contemporaries have failed to act on the dangers of their creations before it’s too late, Altman appears keen to be a willing participant in just how it should be done.

“My worst fears are that we, the industry, cause significant harm to the world,” Altman told the US Senate, his assessment that government regulation would be “critical to mitigate the risks” undoubtedly music to the ears of politicians who never seem overly impressed by figures from the tech world.

Read more:
Who is the ‘godfather of AI’?

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AI speech used to open Congress hearing

In the space of a few short weeks, Altman met the US vice president, Kamala Harris, France’s Emmanuel Macron, European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen and the British prime minister, Rishi Sunak – all politicians who share the same hopes and fears about the potential benefits and dangers of AI.

With the EU seemingly none too impressed by Elon Musk’s running of Twitter, TikTok managing to achieve the mostly impossible task of uniting Democrats and Republicans against a common enemy, and Mark Zuckerberg having struggled to repair his reputation after the Cambridge Analytica scandal, the upstart Altman could be positioning himself to become a more durable tech star than some of his forebears.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak met the CEOs of OpenAI, Google DeepMind, and Anthropic
Image:
Sam Altman meets with PM Rishi Sunak in May 2023

But just in case it does all go wrong, he’s previously admitted to being a prepper – someone who stockpiles everything from guns to medicine should the worst should befall us.

Announcing Altman’s departure as OpenAI chief executive on, the company said a review found he had not been “consistently candid in his communications with the board”.

He posted on social media following the announcement, writing: “I loved my time at OpenAI.

“It was transformative for me personally, and hopefully the world a little bit.

“Most of all, I loved working with such talented people. (I) will have more to say about what’s next later.”

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City tycoons plot cash shell float to fund $5bn takeover deal

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City tycoons plot cash shell float to fund bn takeover deal

A group of senior City figures is in talks to raise hundreds of millions of pounds for a new listed vehicle that would be used to target a major corporate takeover.

Sky News has learnt that JRJ Group, which was co-founded by the former Lehman Brothers executives Jeremy Isaacs and Roger Nagioff, is orchestrating talks with investors about the launch of a London-listed acquisition company.

TOMS Capital, which was established by former hedge fund manager Noam Gottesman, is also involved in the new venture, which has been codenamed Project Mayflower.

This weekend, City sources said that initial discussions with institutional investors about backing the vehicle had already got underway.

One of those approached about it said the talks were expected to be accelerated in the coming weeks amid signs of strong demand.

The group is said to be targeting an initial fundraising of about $500m, with scores of takeover targets in multiple industries likely to be reviewed.

They are understood to be particularly focused on bid targets worth between $2bn and $5bn.

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Jefferies, the investment bank, is involved in the listing plan.

One source said the founders had chosen London because of its investor-friendly structure for so-called cash shells.

The vehicle’s launch comes at a time when London’s depressed environment for initial public offerings (IPOs) has coincided with pressure on asset-owners such as private equity firms to generate liquidity from their portfolios.

This combination of factors had created “a generational opportunity to buy assets at attractive prices”, the source added.

Mayflower’s founders are expected to invest significant amounts of their own money in the venture to ensure alignment with external investors.

Since leaving Lehman prior to its collapse exacerbated the global financial meltdown in 2008, Mr Isaacs and Mr Nagioff have enjoyed financial success through JRJ.

The firm was a big shareholder in Marex, a commodities broker which listed in New York last year at a valuation of over $1.3bn.

Mr Gottesman, meanwhile, has founded a string of so-called ‘blank cheque’ companies, most notable Nomad Holdings, which bought the frozen foods brand Birds Eye’s owner in a €2.6bn deal in 2015.

There have been modest signs of a revival in the London listings market in the last fortnight, with challenger bank Shawbrook Group making a strong debut this week.

Princes, the tinned food producer, had a more lacklustre start to life as a publicly traded company, with its stock closing broadly flat after opening at 475p-per-share.

Cash shells, or special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs), enjoyed a multiyear boom in the US, financing takeovers of companies including Sir Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic and electric vehicle manufacturers such as Lucid and Nikola.

Many of the companies which went public in this way, including the DNA testing business 23andMe and British online car retailer Cazoo, subsequently went bust.

A number of new SPACs have emerged in recent months amid signs of renewed investor appetite for the vehicles.

None of those involved with the plan could be reached for comment on Saturday.

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‘Significant’ step in establishing national restorative justice programme for Post Office victims

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'Significant' step in establishing national restorative justice programme for Post Office victims

A “significant” step has been taken in establishing a national restorative justice programme for victims of the Post Office’s Horizon IT scandal.

Children of affected postmasters, as well as those directly hit by the faulty accounting software, will be part of the partially Fujitsu-funded programme, as the UK’s Restorative Justice Council acknowledged more than financial compensation was needed.

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Data from the Fujitsu-made Horizon computer program led to the wrongful prosecution of more than 700 postmasters for theft and false accounting, while many more racked up large debts, lost homes, livelihoods and reputations as they borrowed heavily to plug the incorrectly generated shortfalls in their branches.

As part of the inquiry into the scandal, its chair, Sir Wyn Williams, recommended the government, the Post Office and Fujitsu engage in a formal restorative justice plan to provide “full and fair redress

Restorative justice aims to repair harm by bringing together victims and those responsible.

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Long-sought family involvement

On Thursday, the Restorative Justice Council (RJC), which runs the project, said it would expand engagement to children and families of victims.

The move marked “a significant advancement in the establishment of a national restorative justice programme for those impacted by the Post Office Horizon IT scandal”, the body said.

Relatives have long sought acknowledgement and support for the harm they suffered.

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‘We’ve carried the trauma for 20 years’

Some have told Sky News how their eating disorder escalated due to the prosecution of a parent, and they carried trauma for decades.

Calls for a family fund were made to redress the “chances that were taken from us growing up”.

What’s involved?

Online listening sessions for children of those affected and people previously unable to attend are planned in an effort to ensure all voices contribute to the restorative justice programme.

Also involved in the initiative is equipping the government (via the Department for Business and Trade), Post Office and Fujitsu “with the necessary skills and knowledge to engage in restorative dialogue with integrity”, the RJC said.

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Post Office scandal children seek justice

Group-based sessions with organisations involved in the scandal and a confidential safe space service for affected people to share their experiences and explore healing without the pressure of a formal process will be created.

Freelance restorative listeners are being recruited by the service for this purpose.

The formation of the scheme acknowledges the limitations of financial redress, with the RJC saying “true restoration requires truth, acknowledgement, accountability and meaningful action beyond financial compensation”.

The funding question

The restorative listening and wellbeing service is being funded by Fujitsu.

It comes amid questions as to the contribution of the Japanese multinational to redress.

Fujitsu has said it is “morally obligated” to contribute to the costs, but the extent would be determined by the outcome of the Horizon scandal public inquiry. Further inquiry reports are to be released in the coming months.

The Post Office is government-owned and so it’s taxpayers who fund victim payouts.

What next?

The RJC initiatives are pilot schemes for now.

Feedback from them is intended to shape the design of a full, long-term, national restorative justice programme, due to launch in April.

An updated report on restorative justice for Post Office victims will be published in January.

“The next phase is about translating their voices into real, restorative action – ensuring that healing, accountability and cultural change progress hand in hand,” said RJC chief executive Jim Simon.

So far, 145 individuals have been involved, with an extra 200 postmasters expected to be engaged between November and March.

“Engagement is good and continues to grow,” Mr Simon said.

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Former TGI Fridays chief in move to snap up UK chain 

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Former TGI Fridays chief in move to snap up UK chain 

The manager of the bulk of TGI Fridays’ restaurants around the world has swooped to buy its British operations in a deal which preserves all 2,000 jobs at the chain.

Sky News has learnt that Sugarloaf TGIF Management, run by former TGI Fridays chief executive Ray Blanchette, has struck a deal to take control of nearly 50 UK sites.

Industry sources said the deal was likely to be announced within days.

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The transaction will see TGI Fridays’ UK arm form part of a growing international consolidation of the brand under Mr Blanchette.

The British chain, which employs just over 2,000 people and is said to have a strong booking pipeline for the crucial festive trading period, was sold just over a year ago to Calveton UK and Breal Capital, two investment firms.

The chain now operates from roughly the same number of restaurants as it did a year ago.

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In a response to an enquiry from Sky News, a spokesperson for the two selling shareholders said: “After a prolonged period of due diligence we are pleased to announce the sale of TGI Friday’s UK to Sugarloaf, the manager and custodian of the worldwide brand.

“During the 12 months of our tenure we have stabilised the team and supply chains, as well as completing the first phase of repositioning the brand through a national relaunch on July 4th this year, which has seen improvements in both revenues and covers.”

The sale of the UK business comes during a tough period for the hospitality industry, which is grappling with a stagnating economy and the impact of tax rises in last year’s budget.

Rachel Reeves, the chancellor, is under intense pressure not to raise business taxes further when she unveils this year’s budget late next month.

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