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Today is Julian Assange’s last chance to stop UK officials extraditing him to the US.

It has been almost 12 years since the WikiLeaks founder, now 52, stepped into the Ecuadorian embassy in London to evade arrest.

Over the next two days, the High Court will hear his final appeal against being sent to the US, where he faces charges for helping former military analyst Chelsea Manning download top secret intelligence files that WikiLeaks published online.

Assange‘s wife says he will “die” if he’s extradited. His legal team has also promised to lodge a final appeal at the European Court of Human Rights if this week’s attempt fails.

WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange leaves the High Court in London December 5, 2011. British judges ruled on Monday that Julian Assange, founder of the whistle-blowing website Wikileaks, could take his year-long fight against extradition to Sweden to the Supreme Court, the highest court in the land. REUTERS/Stefan Wermuth (BRITAIN - Tags: POLITICS CRIME LAW MEDIA)
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WikiLeaks founder leaves London’s High Court in 2011. Pic: Reuters

What did WikiLeaks do – and how was Assange involved?

In 2010 and 2011 WikiLeaks published hundreds of thousands of US military and diplomatic documents about the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.

It has repeatedly been described as “one of the largest compromises of classified information in the history of the United States”.

Prosecutors, politicians, and the intelligence community say the disclosure endangered the lives of agents working in the field, but WikiLeaks supporters claim it helped expose alleged wrongdoing by the US.

The leaked documents came from Chelsea Manning, who was working as an analyst for the US military in Iraq at the time.

She was then known as Private Bradley Manning, but now identifies as a woman having transitioned in prison.

Chelsea Manning's first photo after she was released from prison. Pic: Twitter
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Chelsea Manning following her release from prison in 2017. Pic: Twitter/X

According to the indictment, Manning “downloaded four nearly complete databases from departments and agencies of the US”.

They contained “approximately 90,000 Afghan war-related significant activity reports, 400,000 Iraq war-related significant activities reports, 800 Guantanamo Bay detainee assessment briefs, and 250,000 US Department of State cables”.

Among the 750,000 published WikiLeaks documents was a video from 2007 showing a US helicopter firing on a group of civilians in Baghdad. The attack killed 12 people, including two wounded children and two Reuters photographers.

File photo dated 11/04/19 of Julian Assange arriving at Westminster Magistrates' Court in London, after the WikiLeaks founder was arrested and taken into custody following the Ecuadorian government's withdrawal of asylum. Julian Assange has won his fight to avoid extradition to the United States.
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Picture by: Victoria Jones/PA Wire/PA Images
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Assange arrives in court in a prison van in 2019. Pic: PA

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According to the indictment, around 7 March 2010, Manning and Assange discussed the value of Guantanamo Bay detainee assessment briefs.

Prosecutors say they have court documents that prove Manning said she was “throwing everything [she had] on JTF [joint task force] GTMO [Guantanamo Bay] at [Assange] now”.

The papers say she later told Assange: “After this upload, that’s all I really have got left,” to which Assange replied: “Curious eyes never run dry in my experience”.

Pamela Anderson visits Julian Assange at Belmarsh prison
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Pamela Anderson visits Julian Assange at Belmarsh prison in 2019. Pic: PA

Vivienne Westwood joined the protests calling for Mr Assange's release
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Late fashion designer Vivienne Westwood at a Free Assange protest. Pic: PA

The following day, the indictment alleges Assange “agreed to assist Manning in cracking a password stored on US Department of Defence computers… connected to the secret internet protocol”.

“Manning was able to log onto the computers under a username that didn’t belong to her,” the indictment reads, adding that Assange provided special software to hack the system.

“Manning then used the computer to download everything WikiLeaks later published,” the indictment concludes, between 28 March and 9 April.

Julian Assange pictured in January 2020
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Julian Assange pictured in January 2020

Manning was arrested, tried by court-martial, and later convicted of various espionage offences in 2013, and was sentenced to 35 years in prison.

Days before he left office in 2017, President Barack Obama reduced her sentence and she was released.

But she was jailed again in 2019 after refusing to give evidence to a grand jury investigation into WikiLeaks and its involvement in the 2016 US election.

US officials have said there was Russian interference in the vote, but Assange has never been charged in relation to that allegation.

WikiLeaks published emails hacked from Hillary Clinton’s presidential campaign, which resulted in the Democrats suing the website, alongside the Russian state, and Donald Trump’s 2016 campaign team.

A supporter of Wikileaks founder Julian Assange protests outside Westminster Magistrates' Court in London, ahead of his continuing extradition hearing. Picture date: Wednesday April 20, 2022.
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An Assange supporter outside court in London in 2022. Pic: PA

What is he charged with?

When Assange was arrested inside the Ecuadorian embassy in May 2019, the US indictment against him was unsealed, revealing a single charge of “conspiracy to commit computer intrusion”.

This was expanded later that month to include 17 new charges under the US Espionage Act, including conspiracy to obtain and disclose national defence information, conspiracy to commit computer intrusions, obtaining national defence information, and disclosure of national defence information.

The indictment was issued by the Eastern District of Virginia and would mean a total sentence of 170 years in prison, if he was found guilty on all charges.

In June 2020, a US grand jury ruled to “broaden the scope” of Assange’s alleged computer intrusions to claims he worked with hackers to help illegally obtain information for WikiLeaks.

File photo dated 13/01/20 of Julian Assange. The US government's legal challenge over a judge's decision not to extradite the Wikileaks founder is to be heard by the High Court. Assange, 50, is wanted in the US on allegations of a conspiracy to obtain and disclose national defence information following WikiLeaks' publication of hundreds of thousands of leaked documents relating to the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. Issue date: Wednesday October 27, 2021.
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Assange pictured inside his prison van. Pic: PA

How has he avoided extradition so far?

Assange’s political asylum in London dates back to a 2010 Swedish arrest warrant for alleged rape charges.

He took shelter in the embassy after failing to appeal extradition to Sweden, fearing the US was planning charges against him and that he may be sent there after a sentence in the Scandinavian nation.

Assange was inside the embassy for seven years, in which time the Swedish case expired, but the US began compiling its own case.

Eventually the Foreign Office accused Ecuador of preventing the proper course of justice and the South American nation withdrew its asylum offer, paving the way for Assange to be removed from the embassy and arrested in 2019.

Julian Assange pictured with his partner Stella Morris
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Julian Assange and his now-wife Stella Assange (right), formerly part of his legal team. Pic: PA

Since then, he has been held at Belmarsh maximum security prison in south London.

In January 2021 a judge ruled he could not be extradited due to his risk of suicide in a US jail. But the decision was later overturned after the US gave additional assurances.

This week is the final stage of the UK appeals process.

Stella Moris outside after her wedding ceremony
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Stella Moris outside HMP Belmarsh after her wedding ceremony

Ahead of the hearing, his wife Stella Assange, who he married while at Belmarsh in March 2022, said: “His health is in decline, physically and mentally.

“His life is at risk every single day he stays in prison – and if he is extradited he will die.”

Assange’s native Australia has tried to intervene in the case, but without success so far.

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What do Epstein’s emails say about Trump?

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What do Epstein's emails say about Trump?

A series of emails between disgraced financier Jeffrey Epstein and others which feature the name of Donald Trump have been released.

Democrats on the House Oversight Committee who put out the messages claim the correspondence “raises questions about Trump and Epstein’s relationship, Trump’s knowledge of Epstein’s crimes” and the president’s relationship to Epstein’s victims.

But White House press secretary, Karoline Leavitt, says the “selectively leaked emails” are an attempt to “create a fake narrative to smear President Trump“.

The messages are dated between 2011 and 2019 and some are between Jeffrey Epstein and his sex trafficking co-conspirator Ghislaine Maxwell and others between Epstein and author Michael Wolff.

The US president has consistently denied any involvement or knowledge about Epstein’s sex trafficking operation.

Trump latest: 20,000 pages published in response to ‘leak’

Here’s what the emails say…

In the first exchange of emails, between Epstein and his associate Ghislaine Maxwell, dated 2 April 2011, Epstein wrote:

i want you to realize that that dog that hasn’t barked is trump.. [REDACTED NAME] spent hours at my house with him ,, he has never once been mentioned. police chief. etc. im 75% there

Maxwell responded:

I have been thinking about that…

In the second exchange of emails, between Epstein and Michael Wolff, a journalist who has written several books about the Trump administration, dated 31 January 2019, Epstein wrote:

[REDACTED NAME] mara lago. [REDACTED] . trump said he asked me to resign, never a member ever. . of course he knew about the girls as he asked ghislaine to stop

The third email exchange, between Epstein and Wolff, dated between 15 and 16 December 2015 shows that Wolff wrote:

I hear CNN planning to ask Trump tonight about his relationship with you–either on air or in scrum afterwards.

Epstein replied:

if we were able to craft an answer for him, what do you think it should be?

Wolff responded:

I think you should let him hang himself. If he says he hasn’t been on the plane or the house, then that gives you a valuable PR and political currency. You can hang him in a way that potentially generates a positive benefit for you, or, if it really looks like he could win, you could save him, generating a debt. Of course, it is possible that, when asked, he’ll say Jeffrey is a great guy and has gotten a raw deal and is a victim of political correctness, which is to be outlawed in a Trump regime.

Explainer: Donald Trump and Jeffrey Epstein’s ‘friendship’

Whose name has been redacted?

The White House and Republicans on the committee have said that the redacted name in one of the emails was Virginia Giuffre, a prominent Epstein survivor who died in April and had never accused Mr Trump of wrongdoing.

Ms Giuffre made allegations of three sexual encounters with Andrew Mountbatten-Windsor, who was stripped of his prince title, in her autobiography which was released last month – allegations Andrew has denied.

Read more from Sky News:
Key claims by Virginia Giuffre in memoir
Ghislaine Maxwell appeals to Trump
US Congress summons Andrew

Sky News’s US news partner NBC News has reached out to lawyers for Michael Wolff, Maxwell and the family of Virginia Giuffre for comment.

The top Democrat on the House committee, Robert Garcia of California, said in a statement that the released emails “raise glaring questions about what else the White House is hiding and the nature of the relationship between Epstein and the President”.

The Oversight Committee Democrats say the email strike “a blow against the White House’s Epstein cover-up”.

But White House press secretary, Karoline Leavitt said in a statement: “The Democrats selectively leaked emails to the liberal media to create a fake narrative to smear President Trump.

“The ‘unnamed victim’ referenced in these emails is the late Virginia Giuffre, who repeatedly said President Trump was not involved in any wrongdoing whatsoever and ‘couldn’t have been friendlier’ to her in their limited interactions.”

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Donald Trump and his long history of lawsuits against the media

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Donald Trump and his long history of lawsuits against the media

Donald Trump is threatening to sue the BBC for $1bn (£760m) – but this is not his first legal battle with the media.

The US president has clashed with the broadcaster over edits made to one of his 2021 speeches in a Panorama documentary aired before last year’s election.

Mr Trump’s legal team has accused the BBC of using “false, defamatory, disparaging, and inflammatory statements”.

BBC Chair Samir Shah has apologised for an “error of judgment” over the way the speech was edited, while director-general, Tim Davie, and CEO of BBC News, Deborah Turness, have both announced their resignations.

But this is not the first time Mr Trump has taken on the media – and is in fact the latest in a recent spate of legal battles with the press.

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BBC will consider settling with Trump says legal correspondent

Trump vs CNN

If past examples are anything to go by, Mr Trump’s legal threat is not an empty one.

He previously filed a $475m (£360m) defamation suit against CNN, alleging it had compared him to Adolf Hitler.

It came after CNN referred to Mr Trump’s unfounded claims that the 2020 election was stolen from him as the “Big Lie” – an expression also used by Hitler in Mein Kampf.

But the case was thrown out after US district judge Raag Singhal ruled that the term “does not give rise to a plausible inference that Trump advocates the persecution and genocide of Jews”.

Letter from Alejandro Brito, one of Mr. Trump's lawyers who is based in Florida, to the BBC
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Letter from Alejandro Brito, one of Mr. Trump’s lawyers who is based in Florida, to the BBC

Election campaign lawsuit

His election campaign in 2020 also sued the New York Times and the Washington Post over opinion pieces alleging ties between with Russia.

These cases were dismissed in 2021 and 2023, respectively.

Yet, Mr Trump has had more success in recent years.

ABC settlement

In 2024, Trump sued American broadcaster ABC and its news host George Stephanopoulos, after the anchor falsely referred to the president being found “liable for rape” in an interview.

Donald Trump on stage with George Stephanopoulos. Pic: Reuters
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Donald Trump on stage with George Stephanopoulos. Pic: Reuters

In the civil case in question, he was actually found liable for sexual abuse and defamation – a verdict which Trump is appealing.

Given the high bar for proving defamation against public figures, experts were sceptical that he could win the lawsuit.

George Freeman, executive director of the Media Law Resource Center told CBS at the time: “I don’t know of any president who successfully sued a media company for defamation.”

Yet ABC, which is owned by Disney, agreed to settle, paying $15m (£11.4m) to Trump for his future presidential library, and a further $1m (£760,000) towards his legal fees.

Battle with CBS

In another lawsuit, the president demanded $20bn (£15.2bn) from CBS over an interview with his election rival Kamala Harris broadcast on 60 Minutes.

Results pour in on election night during an event for Kamala Harris at Howard University, Washington. Photo: AP
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Results pour in on election night during an event for Kamala Harris at Howard University, Washington. Photo: AP

His team accused the broadcaster of “partisan and unlawful acts of election and voter interference” with its editing of the interview, saying it intended to “mislead the public and attempt to tip the scales” in the contest.

Read more:
Tim Davie resigns as BBC director-general

Trump’s lawyer threatens BBC – read the letter in full

First Amendment attorney Charles Tobin of the law firm Ballard Spahr told CNN at the time: “This is a frivolous and dangerous attempt by a politician to control the news media.”

Yet they too settled out of court, with CBS’ parent company, Paramount Global, paying $16m (£12.1m) to end the legal dispute – again towards Trump’s future presidential library.

Trump vs Meta

Pic: REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann
Image:
Pic: REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann

Meta, the parent company of Facebook and Instagram, also settled with the president to the tune of $25m (£19m).

That lawsuit came after he sued over the suspension of his accounts in the wake of the 6 January riots.

Why the recent spate?

While Mr Trump has made several threats to media organisations in recent years, it is not the first time he has done so.

According to Columbia Journalism Review, he threatened to sue a journalist at New York’s Village Voice as far back as 1979, and actually sued the Chicago Tribune in 1984.

That 1984 lawsuit, which came after Mr Trump took umbrage at a column by the paper’s award-winning architecture columnist criticising his plans for a huge tower block in New York City, was thrown out as an opinion by a judge.

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However, the number of lawsuits, and the size of his compensation demands, have increased of late. So what has changed?

“As president, Trump’s leverage has increased exponentially,” wrote media reporter Paul Farhi in Vanity Fair.

“It’s no coincidence that Disney and Meta have settled since Election Day, and Paramount has come to the table.”

Now that he’s turning his ire on the BBC, what will the outcome be?

Mr Freeman called his threat to the broadcaster “totally meaningless”, noting that he “has a long record of unsuccessful libel suits” intended to “threaten and scare media he doesn’t like”.

Can the BBC rely on that assessment?

With a deadline set for Friday, 10pm UK time, we may be about to find out.

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UK stops some intelligence sharing with US over boat strikes in Caribbean

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UK stops some intelligence sharing with US over boat strikes in Caribbean

The UK has reportedly stopped sharing some intelligence with the US on suspected drug trafficking boats in the Caribbean following concerns over America’s strikes against the vessels.

The US has reported carrying out 14 strikes since September on boats near the Venezuelan coast, with the number of people killed rising beyond 70.

Downing Street did not deny reporting by CNN that the UK is withholding intelligence from the US to avoid being complicit in military strikes it believes may breach international law.

Britain controls several territories in the Caribbean, where it bases intelligence assets, and has long assisted the US in identifying vessels suspected of smuggling narcotics.

That information helped the US Coast Guard locate the ships, seize drugs and detain crews, CNN cited sources as saying, but officials are concerned the Trump administration’s actions may be illegal.

The intelligence-sharing pause began more than a month ago, CNN reported, quoting sources as saying Britain shares UN human rights chief Volker Turk’s assessment that the strikes amount to extrajudicial killing.

The USS Gravely destroyer arrives to dock for military exercises in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago on 26 October (AP Photo/Robert Taylor)
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The USS Gravely destroyer arrives to dock for military exercises in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago on 26 October (AP Photo/Robert Taylor)

The reports could provide an awkward backdrop for a meeting between Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper and her US counterpart Marco Rubio, expected on Wednesday at the G7 foreign ministerial summit in Canada.

A Number 10 spokesman did not deny the move when asked about the pause in intelligence sharing.

“We don’t comment on security or intelligence matters,” the official said in response to repeated questions.

“The US is our closest partner on defence, security and intelligence, but in line with a long-standing principle, I’m just not going to comment on intelligence matters.”

He added that “decisions on this are a matter for the US” and that “issues around whether or not anything is against international law is a matter for a competent international court, not for governments to determine”.

A Pentagon official told CNN the department “doesn’t talk about intelligence matters”.

Read more:
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‘We will treat them EXACTLY how we treated al Qaeda’

On Monday, Pete Hegseth, the US defence secretary, now styled as the war secretary, said on X that the previous day, “two lethal kinetic strikes were conducted on two vessels operated by Designated Terrorist Organisations”.

He said: “These vessels were known by our intelligence to be associated with illicit narcotics smuggling, were carrying narcotics, and were transiting along a known narco-trafficking transit route in the Eastern Pacific.

“Both strikes were conducted in international waters and 3 male narco-terrorists were aboard each vessel. All 6 were killed. No U.S. forces were harmed.”

The United Nations human rights chief has described the US strikes on alleged drug dealers off the coast of South America as “unacceptable” and a violation of international human rights law.

Venezuela says they are illegal, amount to murder and are aggression against the sovereign South American nation.

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