Social media company Reddit filed its IPO prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Thursday after a yearslong run-up. The company plans to trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol “RDDT.”
Reddit said it had $804 million in annual sales for 2023, up 20% from the $666.7 million it brought in the previous year, according to the filing. The social networking company’s core business is reliant on online advertising sales stemming from its website and mobile app.
The company said it has incurred net losses since its inception. It reported a net loss of $90.8 million for the year ended Dec. 31, 2023, compared to a net loss of $158.6 million the year prior.
As of the fourth quarter of 2023, Reddit said that its U.S. average revenue per user, or ARPU, was $5.51, which was down from $5.92 from the previous year. The company’s ARPU was $3.42, which was a 2% year-over-year decline from $3.49.
Reddit said that by 2027, the company estimates that its “total addressable market globally from advertising, excluding China and Russia, to be $1.4 trillion.” Currently, Reddit said that advertising market is $1.0 trillion, sans China and Russia.
The company said it is building its “search capabilities,” and that it can “more fully address the $750 billion opportunity in search advertising that S&P Global Market Intelligence estimates the market to be in 2027.”
Reddit also detailed its plans to use artificial intelligence technologies to improve its ad business and expects “to open additional monetization channels for Reddit by providing our users and creators with the requisite tools and incentives to drive continued creation, improvements, and commerce.”
It is also “in the early stages” of developing and monetizing a data-licensing business, in which third-parties would be allowed to “access, search, and analyze data on our platform.”
“In January 2024, we entered into certain data licensing arrangements with an aggregate contract value of $203.0 million and terms ranging from two to three years,” Reddit said, regarding its data-licensing business. “We expect a minimum of $66.4 million of revenue to be recognized during the year ending December 31, 2024 and the remaining thereafter.”
Reddit said that its non-employed moderators known as Redditors will be able to participate in the company’s initial public offering through its “directed share program.” Because of this, Reddit said that it’s possible for “individual investors, retail or otherwise constituting a larger proportion of the investors participating in this offering than is typical for an initial public offering.”
“These factors could cause volatility in the market price of our Class A common stock,” the company said in the filing, adding that it has three classes of authorized common stock, which are Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock.
“The rights of the holders of Class A common stock, Class B common stock, and Class C common stock are identical, except with respect to voting and conversion rights,” the filing said. “Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote. Each share of Class B common stock is entitled to 10 votes and is convertible at any time into one share of Class A common stock. Each share of Class C common stock is entitled to no votes.”
Reddit said it has over 100,000 communities, 73 million average daily active uniques (DAUq) and 267 million average weekly active uniques.
In a section about the company’s risks, Reddit explained how its daily active unique figures “may fluctuate or decrease in one or more markets from time to time due to various factors.”
“For example, although we saw increased growth in our user base during the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced lower levels of DAUq growth and declining DAUq as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic subsided,” the filing said. “DAUq has also declined in the past in periods following usage peaks surrounding certain worldwide events, such as the onset of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in the three months ended March 31, 2022, and cultural trends, including video game releases, such as Elden Ring in the three months ended March 31, 2022, and traffic related to r/wallstreetbets in the three months ended March 31, 2021.”
Its market debut, expected in March, will mark the first major tech initial public offering of the year. It’s the first social media IPO since Pinterestwent public in 2019.
Reddit first filed a confidential draft of its public offering prospectus with the Securities and Exchange Commission in December 2021.
The social media company, founded in 2005 by technology entrepreneurs Alexis Ohanian and Steve Huffman, has raised about $1.3 billion in funding and has a post valuation of $10 billion, according to deal-tracking service PitchBook.
Publishing giant Condé Nast bought Reddit in 2006 and then spun it out as an independent company in 2011.
Reddit is one of the most-visited websites in the U.S., according to analytics firm Semrush, but it has struggled to build an online advertising business comparable to tech giants like Facebook-parent Meta and Google-parent Alphabet.
It’s also faced challenges with developers and moderators.
In June, several prominent Reddit moderators locked subreddits as part of a blackout to protest the company’s decision to increase the price third-party developers pay to use its application programming interface, or API. At the time, Reddit said the pricing change was necessary because many big tech companies were using data to train large language models.
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Oracle Cloud Infrastructure on Tuesday announced it will deploy 50,000 Advanced Micro Devices graphics processors starting in the second half of 2026.
AMD shares climbed about 2%. Oracle shares sank 4% while Nvidia was more than 3% lower.
The move is the latest sign that cloud companies are increasingly offering AMD’s graphics processing units as an alternative to Nvidia’s market-leading GPUs for artificial intelligence.
“We feel like customers are going to take up AMD very, very well — especially in the inferencing space,” said Karan Batta, senior vice president of Oracle Cloud Infrastructure.
Oracle will use AMD’s Instinct MI450 chips, which were announced earlier this year.
They are AMD’s first AI chips that can be assembled into a larger rack-sized system that enables 72 of the chips to work as one, which is needed to create and deploy the most advanced AI algorithms.
OpenAI CEO Sam Altman appeared with AMD CEO Lisa Su at a company event in June to announce the product.
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Earlier this month, OpenAI announced a deal with AMD for processors requiring 6 gigawatts of power over multiple years, with a 1-gigawatt rollout starting in 2026. As part of the deal, and if the deployment goes well, OpenAI may end up owning as many as 160 million shares of AMD, or about 10% of the company.
OpenAI has historically been closely linked with Nvidia, whose chips were used to develop ChatGPT. Nvidia’s chips dominate the market for data center GPUs with more than 90% market share. Nvidia also invested in OpenAI in September.
But OpenAI leaders say the company needs as much computing power as possible, which means it needs AI chips from multiple suppliers. OpenAI also has plans to design its own AI chips with Broadcom.
“I think AMD has done a really fantastic job, just like Nvidia, and I think both of them have their place,” Batta said.
Tuesday at Oracle AI World, founder and Chairman Larry Ellison is set to take the stage and share his views on the latest OpenAI deal and what his company is doing to stay ahead of its main cloud competitors – Microsoft, Amazon and Google.
“Oracle has already shown it is willing to place big bets and go all in to meet the AI moment. The company must now prove that beyond capacity, it can capitalize on its massive underlying data and enterprise capabilities … to add meaningful value to the enterprise AI wave,” said Daniel Newman, CEO of The Futurum Group, on the sidelines of Oracle’s conference.
Aerial view of the Apple Data Center in Mesa near Phoenix, Arizona, U.S. on August 6, 2017. Picture taken on August 6, 2017. Apple plans to build its second data center in China at Ulanqab City in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Jim Todd | Reuters
A version of this article first appeared in the CNBC Property Play newsletter with Diana Olick. Property Play covers new and evolving opportunities for the real estate investor, from individuals to venture capitalists, private equity funds, family offices, institutional investors and large public companies. Sign up to receive future editions, straight to your inbox.
The sudden surge in demand for data is fast creating new commercial real estate sectors – not just data centers, but so-called quantum real estate and powered land.
The former refers to structures designed to house specialized quantum computers. The latter is land prepared and ready for data center operations, with a focus on obtaining a reliable and sufficient power supply. That land would have to be secured with the permits, utility commitments and infrastructure needed to deliver power to a data center.
There are currently about 20,000 acres of powered land sitting under operational data centers around the world. Roughly 40,000 acres of powered land, almost 2 billion square feet, are needed to support current projections for data center growth over the next five years, according to a new research paper from Hines, a global real estate investment manager. That’s equivalent to just under the size of three Manhattans or about 1½ times the size of Paris.
Hines, which has been developing data centers for more than 20 years, has pivoted to a new business in just the past year. It is now securing power and entitlements for hyperscale sites. What that means on the ground is mapping grids, negotiating with landowners and providing financial guarantees to grid operators, who now demand it.
“The challenge isn’t building walls anymore. It’s getting megawatts to the site,” said David Steinbach, Hines’ global chief investment officer. “Hines is focused on this front-end work, making land AI-ready before the buildings even rise.”
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Steinbach said powered land has become its own investable asset class, because power rights themselves are scarce and valuable. Once grid connections and permits are secured, you’ve created a tradeable asset with clear demand from hyperscalers and operators, he said.
The competition for powered land is being led more by tech companies and energy producers than real estate developers, but Hines clearly doesn’t want to be left behind.
“The smartest capital today isn’t chasing square footage — it’s enabling computation,” said Steinbach, citing the recent Nvidia deal with Intel to co-develop chips for data centers and personal computers. “Nvidia‘s $5 billion bet on Intel isn’t just a chip deal, it’s a seismic signal that AI infrastructure is the new oil.”
In August, Silver Lake, a global private equity firm focused on technology investment, along with Commonwealth Asset Management, a real estate and infrastructure investment firm, announced the launch of a powered land platform aimed at data center development. It will deploy $400 million of capital “to assemble a global portfolio of strategically located powered land sites to address the key scarce input in meeting the escalating demand for data centers,” according to a news release.
The platform is currently operating in and targeting high-growth markets across the U.S., Canada and the U.K., where power access is becoming increasingly scarce.
“This investment represents a long-term commitment to not only meeting the immediate needs of AI-driven data center growth but also positioning the company as a leader in the future of digital infrastructure and a one-stop shop for rapidly growing developers and hyperscalers,” said Lee Wittlinger, managing director at Silver Lake, in the release. “Our innovative approach to land and power solutions, combined with strategic relationships with key energy partners, will enable us to meet the evolving demands of hyperscalers with a holistic, differentiated approach.”
Data center hubs will now have to expand beyond already crowded markets like northern Virginia and into power-rich regions in the Midwest and Texas. Hines’ research paper points to big opportunities right now in Europe, where undersupply and growing demand could mean big potential for both developers and investors. It also highlights the Middle East as an emerging market with growing potential as governments there invest heavily in artificial intelligence, renewables and grid infrastructure.
This is not to say that this new concept of powered land is without challenges, including securing the appropriate land, managing entitlement processes with local governments, and working with utility providers to obtain sufficient commitments.
“This isn’t just a tech story,” said Steinbach. “It’s a building cycle story reshaping how and where the real estate business develops for decades to come.”
A sign is posted in front of a Broadcom office in San Jose, California, on Dec. 12, 2024.
Justin Sullivan | Getty Images
This is CNBC’s Morning Squawk newsletter. Subscribe here to receive future editions in your inbox.
Here are five key things investors need to know to start the trading day:
1. Broadcom’s boon
OpenAI made its latest artificial intelligence partnership official yesterday, announcing a custom chip deal with Broadcom. Shares of the chipmaker closed Monday’s session nearly 10% higher following news of the partnership, though the stock pulled back by 3% in premarket trading this morning.
Here’s what to know:
The companies — which have been working together for 18 months — are building and deploying 10 gigawatts of custom AI accelerators as part of the deal.
While the financial terms of the agreement weren’t disclosed, analysts were quick to suggest that OpenAI is the unnamed $10 billion customer that Broadcom touted in September. But Charlie Kawwas, president of Broadcom’s semiconductor solutions group, told CNBC that the mystery customer is a different company.
With the deal, CNBC’s MacKenzie Sigalos reports, OpenAI is venturing into the chipmaking business and increasingly positioning itself as a competitor to hyperscalers.
Tech stocks led the market’s rebound to start the week, with the S&P 500clawing back more than half of what it lost in Friday’s sell-off.
Oaktree Capital Management co-founder Howard Marks said he isn’t describing the AI trade as a “bubble” just yet. “The valuations are … high but not crazy,” he told CNBC.
2. Bank teller
Jamie Dimon, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of JPMorgan Chase & Co. speaks during an event honoring local construction workers who helped build the firm’s new headquarters at 270 Park Avenue, in the Midtown area of New York City, U.S., Sept. 9, 2025.
Shannon Stapleton | Reuters
3. Peace deal
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at Ben Gurion International Airport before boarding his plane to Sharm El-Sheikh, on October 13, 2025 in Tel Aviv, Israel.
Chip Somodevilla | Getty Images
President Donald Trump traveled to Israel and Egypt yesterday to finalize a peace deal he said ended the war in Gaza. Trump first arrived in Tel Aviv to mark the release of Israeli hostages taken by Hamas during its 2023 invasion of Israel, saying in a speech at the Israeli parliament that the “long and painful nightmare” was over for both Israelis and Palestinians.
Experts told CNBC’s Lori Ann LaRocco that despite the ceasefire, ocean carriers likely won’t return to the Red Sea in the near future. The Houthi rebels who have launched attacks on trade vessels in the body of water said they will not stop targeting the maritime routes.
4. The rare earth row
A view of mining facilities at the MP Materials rare earth mine in Mountain Pass, California, U.S. January 30, 2020.
Steve Marcus | Reuters
Shares of U.S. rare earth miners are continuing to rally before the opening bell this morning. The stocks notched solid gains in Monday’s session after China’s tightening of export controls led Trump to reignite the U.S.-China trade dispute.
As CNBC’s Spencer Kimball reports, Beijing’s restrictions on rare earth exports could hit the U.S. defense industry, in particular. The Defense Department is reportedly speeding up its effort to stockpile $1 billion worth of the critical minerals, which are crucial components of several U.S. weapons systems. The fact that the U.S. doesn’t have its own rare earth reserve is “scandalous,” Jeremy Siegel of the University of Pennsylvania told CNBC yesterday.
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5. If the price is right
A 2019 Nissan Motor Co. Rogue sport utility vehicle (SUV) sits on the lot at a car dealership in Joliet, Illinois, U.S., on Wednesday, Oct. 2, 2019.
Daniel Acker | Bloomberg | Getty Images
The average price for a new car reached new highs last month. According to Cox Automotive, the average price paid in September surpassed $50,000 for the first time ever.
But while price tags climb and well-off consumers shell out, auto loan delinquency rates among people with low credit ratings are sitting near all-time highs. As CNBC’s Mike Wayland reports, it’s the latest example of a “K-shaped” economy in the U.S.
The Daily Dividend
— CNBC’s MacKenzie Sigalos, Ashley Capoot, Spencer Kimball, Sam Meredith, Lori Ann LaRocco,Liz Napolitano, Holly Ellyatt, Samantha Subin and Mike Wayland contributed to this report. Josephine Rozzelle edited this edition.