He said the donations had been made in line with party protocols and has refused calls to return the money.
The motion of no confidence was put forward by the Conservatives, the largest opposition group in the Senedd (Welsh parliament).
Despite losing, Mr Gething does not have to step down as the vote is not binding, but it does put further pressure on the embattled leader.
He has made clear in the aftermath of the debate he will not resign as first minister and will continue in post.
Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer has given his backing to the party’s leader in Wales, telling reporters on the campaign trail Mr Gething was doing a “good job”.
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Image: Vaughan Gething was elected first minister in March
‘Not a gimmick’
Introducing the motion tabled by his party, Welsh Conservative leader Andrew RT Davies said it was “not a gimmick”.
“This was talked of prior to the general election,” he said.
“It is about judgement, honesty and transparency.”
Leader of Plaid Cymru, the pro-independence party, denied the motion was “tribal party politics”.
“We must be different to Westminster, not only in words but in deeds too,” he said.
“Today, we, these benches, are acting in what we firmly believe in the interests of the people of Wales.”
Image: Vaughan Gething. Pic: Reuters
But chair of the Welsh Labour group in the Senedd, Vikki Howells, said the motion was “politics at its worst” and was a “cynical Tory gimmick”.
“With the Tory party tanking in the polls…it’s no wonder that they will do anything, anything at all to try and shift the spotlight from their own record of abject failure,” she said.
One Labour member, Joyce Watson, said the decision to hold the confidence vote on the eve of the D-Day anniversary was “disrespectful” to veterans.
Welsh Lib Dem leader Jane Dodds said she no longer had confidence in the first minister.
But she said she had “never voted in a vote of confidence here in the Senedd” and had in fact voted to confirm Mr Gething as first minister in March.
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Responding to the debate, Wales’s first minister said he has “made and will continue to make mistakes”.
“It does hurt deeply when my intentions are questioned,” Mr Gething added.
“I will not shy away from scrutiny and challenge.”
He reiterated that all rules had been followed.
Speaking after the vote, Mr Gething said it was a “very disappointing afternoon”.
“To go into the Senedd for what is a transparent gimmick in the general election, led by the Welsh Conservatives, to go into a position where the ill-health in two of our members has affected the outcome of the vote,” he said.
“And as I said, on ill-health grounds, we have always paired. That means you even up people from one party to another.
“We did that for more than three months for the leader of the Welsh Conservatives.”
He said he was “proud” to be first minister of Wales.
“To serve and lead my country. That’s what I’ve done today. That’s what I’ll carry on doing,” he added.
As well as questions over donations, Mr Gething has in recent weeks faced accusations he misled the COVID Inquiry over deleted messages and sacked one of his ministers for allegedly leaking information to the media.
That former minister was one of two Labour members who were absent for the confidence vote.
Neither Hannah Blythyn nor former transport minister Lee Waters voted.
Plaid Cymru then withdrew from a cooperation deal they had with the Labour government in which the party lent its support on dozens of key policy areas.
Sir Keir Starmer is under mounting pressure to raise Israel’s bombardment of Gaza with Donald Trump during his UK state visit, after a UN Commission said a genocide was taking place.
Sir Ed, who is boycotting the state dinner being held for Mr Trump, said Sir Keir must “press” the president now.
He said: “What is happening in Gaza is a genocide. And the president of the United States, who wants a Nobel Peace Prize, is doing nothing to stop it.”
Image: Displaced Palestinians flee northern Gaza. Pic: AP
Israel‘s foreign ministry said it “categorically rejects this distorted and false report” and called for the commission to be abolished.
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3:05
Is Israel committing genocide?
‘We cannot be bystanders’
Reports suggest the situation will be a talking point between Sir Keir and Mr Trump during his visit.
It comes before the UK is due to recognise a Palestinian state at the UN General Assembly later this month, along with allies including Canada and France.
In a late night statement, Canada’s foreign ministry described the Gaza City offensive as “horrific”.
Lib Dem leader Sir Ed added: “We have long said that Hamas is genocidal and condemned them for their actions.
“Now, I think we have to say that what the Netanyahu government is doing amounts to genocide.”
Labour MP Rosena Allin-Khan, a former shadow minister, also called on her party leader to make discussing the situation in Gaza with Mr Trump a “top priority”.
Speaking to Sky News’ Politics Hub With Sophy Ridge, she said: “We say ‘never again’ when we look at Bosnia and Rwanda, but here we are again, and it’s been livestreamed, and we’ve all seen it.
“We cannot be bystanders to a genocide.”
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8:51
‘We cannot be bystanders’
UN report pulls no punches
The accusation of genocide is made by the UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
It alleges Israel has been “killing Palestinians or forcing them to live in inhumane conditions that led to death; causing serious bodily or mental harm, including through torture, displacement and sexual crime; deliberately imposing inhumane conditions, and fourthly, imposing measures intending to prevent births”.
Earlier this month, the International Association of Genocide Scholars also passed a resolution stating that Israel’s conduct passed the threshold of committing genocide.
However, a report from the British government said it had “not concluded” that Israel intended to “destroy in whole or in part a national, ethnic, racial or religious group”.
Nearly 65,000 people are now believed to have died, according to figures collated by Gaza’s Hamas-run health ministry. It does not distinguish between civilians and combatants in its count.
Downing Street has insisted its migrant returns scheme with France is not a “shambles” after the High Court blocked a man’s deportation.
Having seen the previous Conservative government’s Rwanda scheme run into trouble with the courts, the Labour administration’s alternative suffered its own setback on Tuesday.
An Eritrean man, who cannot be named for legal reasons, was due to be on a flight to France this morning.
He brought a legal claim against the Home Office, with lawyers acting on his behalf saying the case “concerns a trafficking claim”.
They also said he had a gunshot wound to his leg, and would be left destitute if he was deported.
The Home Office said it was reasonable to expect him to have claimed asylum in France before he reached the UK in August, but the ruling went in his favour.
Mr Justice Sheldon granted the man a “brief period of interim relief”.
While the judge said there did not appear to be a “real risk” he would face destitution in France, the trafficking claim required further interrogation.
He said the case should return to court “as soon as is reasonably practical in light of the further representations the claimant […] will make on his trafficking decision”.
A Number 10 spokesperson downplayed the development, insisting removals under the deal with France will start “imminently” and ministers are not powerless in the face of the courts.
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1:08
‘One in, one out’ deal: What do we know?
‘We told you so’
The pilot scheme was announced to much fanfare in July, after Emmanuel Macron made a state visit to the UK.
He wants the number of migrants being returned to France to gradually increase over the course of the scheme, to deter them from coming in small boats.
The pilot came into force last month and is in place until June 2026.
Tory leader Kemi Badenoch was quick to say “we told you so” following Tuesday’s court decision, while Reform UK’s Nigel Farage criticised the government’s plan.
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2:18
Migrant deal with France has ‘started’
The small boats crisis represents one of the biggest challenges for the new home secretary, Shabana Mahmood, following her promotion in Sir Keir’s recent reshuffle.
Describing the former justice secretary as “very tough”, he said: “She’s completely for real. I’ve known her for over 10 years – she really wants to see law and order restored.”
The UK has discussed adopting a more crypto-friendly approach with the US in a bid to boost industry innovation and attract more investment to Britain.