Startup using blockchain to prevent copyright theft by AI is valued over $2 billion after fresh funding
Generative AI models require huge amounts of training data to enable their systems to produce advanced outputs. But the data that goes into them is often from sources where copyright restrictions are in place.
Cfoto | Future Publishing | Getty Images
San-Francisco-based startup Story said Wednesday that it raised $80 million of funding for a blockchain designed to prevent artificial intelligence makers like OpenAI from taking creators’ intellectual property without permission.
The round values the two-year-old company at $2.25 billion, sources familiar with the matter told CNBC. The sources preferred not to be named as the information has not been made public.
Story said that it raised the funds in a Series B round — typically the third major round of funding in a private startup’s growth journey after seed and Series A — led by Andreessen Horowitz, which is also known as a16z.
Crypto-focused venture capital firm Polychain and Brevan Howard, the investment fund of British billionaire hedge fund manager Alan Howard, also invested.
Building an ‘IP legoland’
A blockchain is a distributed database that maintains an immutable record of activity. It is the technology that underpins cryptocurrencies, such as bitcoin and ether.
Story acts as a blockchain network that allows creators to prove they made a piece of content and are the intellectual property owners by storing their IP on the platform.
The firm’s tech works to protect individuals and entities’ IP by embedding terms associated with it, such as licensing fees and royalty-sharing arrangements, into smart contracts.
Smart contracts are digital contracts stored on a blockchain that automatically execute once a certain set of terms are met.
This makes copyright holders’ IP “programmable,” SY Lee, Story’s co-founder and CEO, explained to CNBC, as it sets up rules for how their content can be used and the price to pay for reproducing or remixing their works.
The benefit of this, Lee said, is that it effectively cuts out the middlemen typically involved in disputes over copyright theft in the media landscape.
“Now it’s turned from IP into IP Lego,” Lee told CNBC. “Now, you don’t need to go through lawyers. You don’t need to go through the agents. You don’t need to do this very lengthy business development negotiation. You just embed your licensing, royalty-sharing terms into small contracts.”
Story makes money by charging a network fee for any action that takes place on its network.
One example of a firm using Story is Ablo, an AI tool that allows users to make their own tailored items of fashion using designs from household brands including French designer clothing firm Balmain and Italian luxury fashion house Dolce and Gabbana.
Brands are compensated for their use of fashion designers’ IP through various respective licensing and revenue-sharing agreements.
Fighting AI copyright theft
Story is now trying to tackle a timely problem with its tech — theft of copyrighted media on the internet by powerful generative AI models like OpenAI’s ChatGPT.
These models, which power many AI chatbots that are increasingly being used as an alternative to search, require huge amounts of training data to enable their systems to produce advanced and informative answers to user queries.
But the data that goes into fueling these AI models is often from sources where there’s copyright restrictions in place.
The New York Times last year hit Microsoft and OpenAI with a copyright lawsuit seeking damages over abuse of the newspaper’s intellectual property.
In the suit, the Times included several examples of instances where GPT-4 produced altered versions of material originally published by the newspaper.
Big tech companies like Microsoft, which has invested $13 billion into OpenAI and is reportedly entitled to a 49% stake in the firm, are “essentially stealing your IP for training purposes and actually capturing all the upside,” Lee said.
In a motion to dismiss part of the Times’ suit in March, Microsoft said that such claims were “unsubstantiated,” and that the lawsuit presented a false narrative of “doomsday futurology.”
Content used to train these models, Microsoft’s lawyers argued, “does not supplant the market for the works, it teaches the models language.”
Microsoft was not immediately available for comment when contacted by CNBC about Lee’s comments.
Good IP is needed to train such AI models, Story’s Lee told CNBC, but he added that AI firms stand to lose long-term if they don’t adequately compensate the publishers and creators they’re sourcing those vast troves of IP data from.
“You need great IP going into AI to have a sustainable growth in AI. Without great human-created data, AI models are not going to be able to train themselves and improve themselves,” Lee said.
Not many startups are designing tech designed specifically to combat IP theft by AI.
One project from the University of Chicago, called Glaze, offers a free app for artists to combat the theft of their IP by AI tools with technology that makes subtle changes to artworks designed to disrupt AI models’ ability to read data on the works of art and mimic the style of the artwork and its artist.
Story, which was founded in 2022, plans to use the fresh cash to build out its IP network infrastructure and onboard more developer partners. The company already has over 200 developers using its platform to enable content creation using programmable IP.
Lee added: “There’s a huge, amazing digital renaissance making everyone a creator or a studio, but at the same time, if no one’s actually compensating and actually getting the IP monetized right, it’s a suicidal action for AI in the long term.”
Technology
Tesla’s Model Y debuts in India priced at a hefty $70,000 as the EV maker ‘tests the waters’
In this photo illustration, logo of Tesla is displayed on a mobile phone screen in front of the Indian flag in Ankara, Turkiye on November 28, 2023.
Cem Genco | Anadolu | Getty Images
Tesla has made its long-awaited debut in India, where it will sell its electric SUV, the Model Y, starting at $69,770, a significant markup from other major markets, its website showed Tuesday.
The sales launch comes the same day the American electric vehicle maker opened a showroom in Mumbai, its first in the country.
Isabel Fan, Southeast Asia Director at Tesla, also announced that the company would soon launch a showroom in the Indian capital of New Delhi, according to a report from CNBC-TV18.
The report added that Tesla would hire staff locally and set up experience centers, service centers, delivery systems, charging stations and logistics hubs throughout the country.
There has long been speculation about when Tesla would enter India, the third-largest automotive market in the world by sales. However, the high price tag may come as a surprise to many. For example, the Model Y starts from $44,990 in the U.S.
Why are prices so high?
Vaibhav Taneja, Tesla’s Chief Financial Officer, in April, confirmed the company’s interest in India but said it would take a careful approach to the market considering its 70% tariff on EV imports and about 30% luxury tax.
These high taxes explain why Tesla was forced to set its prices so high in India, despite the country’s preference for EVs at much lower price ranges.
Experts told CNBC that this will see Tesla in India compete in the premium segment of the market with the likes of BMW, rather than with local EV companies like Tata Motors.
“I won’t say that these prices are completely out of range because you will find buyers in India for all price points,” Vivek Vaidya, global client leader for mobility at research firm Frost & Sullivan, told CNBC’s “Inside India” on Tuesday.
“The question is whether they are going to threaten the mass market. The answer to that is no because the most popular selling cars probably sell at one-tenth of this price,” he added.
Testing the waters
While the Model Y will struggle to be price competitive, Tesla is likely more focused on “testing the waters” than generating sales in India, Puneet Gupta, Director for the Indian automotive market at S&P Global Mobility, told CNBC.
India first announced a new EV policy last year that promised to reduce duties for companies that commit to building up a local supply chain. While this could help Tesla push its prices down, the company has yet to commit to building any local manufacturing plants in India.
“The Mumbai showroom is a strategic ‘soft power’ move, not a full commitment,” Diwakar Murugan, automotives analyst at Canalys, told CNBC in a statement, adding that Tesla’s hesitation in India is pragmatic, as the market still lacks the demand to justify a large-scale manufacturing facility.
“Shifting a significant portion of its production to India would require a major re-evaluation of its global manufacturing strategy, something it’s not ready to do while its primary focus remains on scaling production in its established markets,” he said.
Murugan predicted that Tesla may only commit to full-scale Indian manufacturing between 2028 and 2030, with incentives like land subsidies and tax holidays, as well as the maturity of the local battery market expected to be important factors.
In the meantime, the Model Y will be a “niche, limited-volume product for wealthy, tech-savvy early adopters who seek a status symbol,” he added.
S&P’s Gupta noted that India’s tariffs on EV exports could also soon change as a result of ongoing trade negotiations between Washington and New Delhi, as well as further tweaks to its EV policy.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk spoke with India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi on topics including collaboration on technology and innovation in April.
“The Indian government has been very proactive in terms of pushing green, cleaner, electric cars, and I think that Tesla has a clear advantage due to the India-U.S. relationship,” Gupta said.
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