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The new COVID variant XEC has been found by UK health experts as they prepare for winter, when cases tend to increase.

The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) has highlighted a slight increase in hospitalisations amid COVID patients recently, with the admission rate at 4.5 per 100,000 people in the week to 6 October, up from 3.7 a week prior.

It is the fourth weekly rise in a row – and this, mixed with the UKHSA finding some XEC cases – has led to plenty of news coverage about the new variant.

It comes as a number of analysts on social media have tipped XEC to become the dominant strain and fuel a winter wave – but is it more of a threat than others?

The reality is that while the UKHSA is urging people to protect themselves from COVID generally, it has not “sounded the alarm” on XEC.

It has acknowledged that people may be concerned about new variants, adding around one in 10 of new cases it has analysed shows XEC lineage.

“Current information doesn’t suggest we should be more concerned about this variant but we are monitoring this closely,” says Dr Jamie Lopez Bernal, consultant epidemiologist at UKHSA.

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What we know about XEC

XEC, like many other variants, is a part of the Omicron family.

It was first found in May, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which says it is a so-called recombinant of two other strains – KS.1.1 and KP.3.3 – meaning that genetic information was exchanged between them to form a third strain, XEC.

In its last COVID update on 9 October, the WHO said XEC was one of only two variants that was showing “increasing prevalence globally” between 19 August and 15 September – but it was still only responsible for a small percentage of cases, with KP.3.3 responsible for almost half of the cases worldwide.

In the UK, XEC was identified in 9.35% of COVID cases in samples taken by the UKHSA between 2 September 2024 and 15 September 2024, while 59.35% were identified as KP.3.3.

What is a variant?

When a virus enters a human cell and replicates itself, it has the potential to produce a mutation that leads to a new variant.

Variants that mutate with an advantage over other variants have the potential to be more dangerous to humans.

During the pandemic, thousands of COVID variants were identified – a large number of them by scientists in the UK.

The vast majority did not prove significant, and some just disappeared.

But, as people continue to be infected, experts say it is likely that the virus will have more opportunity to produce variants that will be able to fight back against our immune responses.

During the pandemic, scientists were concerned that as people develop immunity to one variant, the greater the likelihood that a mutation would occur that sidesteps our defences, and ends up as a more dangerous form of the virus.

What are the symptoms of XEC?

No health organisations have listed any symptoms specific to XEC.

It is said to have the same symptoms as other COVID variants, including:

• a high temperature
• a new, continuous cough
• a loss or change to your sense of smell or taste
• shortness of breath
• feeling tired or exhausted
• an aching body
• a headache
• a sore throat
• a blocked or runny nose.

Health authorities advise staying at home and avoiding contact with other people if you or your child have symptoms.

How can you protect yourself?

While the UKHSA isn’t sounding the alarm on XEC specifically, it is expecting COVID to circulate more in the winter, along with flu and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), calling them the “three main winter threats”.

If you are eligible to get vaccinated against them, now is the time to do so, says Dr Bernal.

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All adults aged 65 and over are able to receive both the latest COVID booster vaccination and this year’s flu jab, along with residents in older adult care homes and people with underlying health conditions aged six months to 64 years.

Both vaccinations are also being offered to frontline health and social care staff, with employees in older adult care homes eligible for the COVID jab.

The NHS is also offering for the first time a vaccination against RSV, a common cause of coughs and colds, which can be dangerous to older people and young children.

The jab is available to people aged 75 to 79 as well as pregnant women from 28 weeks, to protect their child.

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Annabel Rook death: Man charged with murder of woman found stabbed after gas explosion

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Annabel Rook death: Man charged with murder of woman found stabbed after gas explosion

A man has been charged with the murder of a 46-year-old woman found stabbed following a gas explosion at a house in London.

Clifton George, 44, will appear at Thames Magistrates’ Court on Monday.

He has also been charged with arson with intent to endanger life, the Metropolitan Police said.

Charity worker Annabel Rook was found fatally injured at a property in Dumont Road, Stoke Newington, northeast London, just before 5am on Tuesday.

In a statement following her death, Ms Rook’s family said they were “struggling to come to terms with this terrible tragedy”.

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“We have lost our beautiful daughter, sister, friend and mother. Annabel was a truly wonderful woman,” the tribute read.

“She touched the hearts of so many.

“She gave her life to helping the vulnerable and the disadvantaged whether it was in refugee camps in Africa or setting up MamaSuze in London, to enhance the lives of survivors of forced displacement and gender-based violence.”

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The telling words that Starmer could – and couldn’t – say about US strikes on Iran

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The telling words that Starmer could - and couldn't - say about US strikes on Iran

When I got to Chequers on Sunday, the prime minister had clearly been up for most of the night and hitting the phones all morning with calls to fellow leaders in Europe and the Middle East, as he and others scrambled to try to contain a very dangerous situation. 

His primary message was to try to reassure the public that the UK government was working to stabilise the region as best it could and press for a return to diplomacy.

But what struck me in our short interview was not what he did say but what he didn’t – what he couldn’t – say about the US strikes.

It was clear from his swerve on the question of whether the UK supported the strikes that the prime minister neither wanted to endorse US strikes nor overtly criticise President Donald Trump.

Follow latest: Trump hails ‘bullseye’ strikes on Iran

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Starmer reacts to US strikes on Iran

Instead, his was a form of words – repeated later in a joint statement of the E3 (the UK, Germany and France) – to acknowledge the US strikes and reiterate where they can agree: the need to prevent Iran having a nuclear weapon.

He also didn’t want to engage in the very obvious observation that President Trump simply isn’t listening to Sir Keir Starmer or other allies, who had been very publicly pressing for de-escalation all week, from the G7 summit in Canada to this weekend as European countries convened talks in Geneva with Iran.

Donald Trump and Sir Keir Starmer in Canada. Pic Reuters
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Donald Trump and Sir Keir Starmer at the G7 in Canada last week. Pic: Reuters

It was only five days ago that the prime minister told me he didn’t think a US attack was imminent, when I asked him what was going on following President Trump’s abrupt decision to quit the G7 early and convene his security council at the White House.

When I asked him if he felt foolish or frustrated that Trump had done that and didn’t seem to be listening, he told me it was a “fast moving situation” with a “huge amount of discussions in the days since the G7” and said he was intensely pressing his consistent position of de-escalation.

What else really could he say? He has calculated that criticising Trump goes against UK interests and has no other option but to press for a diplomatic solution and work with other leaders to achieve that aim.

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What is Operation ‘Midnight Hammer’?

Before these strikes, Tehran was clear it would not enter negotiations until Israel stopped firing missiles into Iran – something Israel is still saying it is not prepared to do.

The US has been briefing that one of the reasons it took action was because it did not think the Iranians were taking the talks convened by the Europeans in Geneva seriously enough.

It is hard now to see how these strikes will not serve but to deepen the conflict in the Middle East and the mood in government is bleak.

Iran will probably conclude that continuing to strike only Israel in light of the US attacks – the first airstrikes ever by the US on Iran – is a response that will make the regime seem weak.

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What next after US-Iran strikes?

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But escalation could draw the UK into a wider conflict it does not want. If Iran struck US assets, it could trigger Article 5 of NATO (an attack on one is an attack on all) and draw the UK into military action.

If Iran chose to attack the US via proxies, then UK bases and assets could be under threat.

The prime minister was at pains to stress on Sunday that the UK had not been involved in these strikes.

Meanwhile, the UK-controlled airbase on Diego Garcia was not used to launch the US attacks.

There was no request to use the Diego Garcia base, the president moving unilaterally, underlining his disinterest in what the UK has to say.

The world is waiting nervously to see how Iran might respond, as the PM moves more military assets to the region while simultaneously hitting the phones.

The prime minister may be deeply opposed to this war, but stopping it is not in his gift.

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GPs can prescribe weight loss jabs on the NHS from today – but strict eligibility criteria in place

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GPs can prescribe weight loss jabs on the NHS from today - but strict eligibility criteria in place

GPs will be able to prescribe weight loss jabs on the NHS from today.

About 220,000 people with the “greatest need” are set to receive Mounjaro – with strict criteria for the first year of the rollout.

Initially, only those with a body mass index of over 40 who have at least four other health problems linked to obesity will be eligible.

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Can you get pregnant when on weight loss drugs?

Some doctors have raised concerns about the additional workload this new programme will bring, while pharmacists fear it could lead to supply shortages.

While an estimated 1.5 million people are now taking weight loss drugs across the UK, they could previously only be accessed through specialist services or private prescriptions.

Dr Claire Fuller from NHS England said: “We urgently need to address rising levels of obesity and prioritise support for those who are experiencing severe ill health – and greater access to weight loss drugs will make a significant difference to the lives of those people.”

She added: “While not everyone will be eligible for weight loss drugs, it’s important that anyone who is worried about the impact of their weight on their health discusses the range of NHS support available with their healthcare professional.”

More on Nhs

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Weight loss drugs ‘changing way we see obesity’

The chairwoman of the Royal College of GPs welcomed NHS England’s decision to pursue a phased rollout, and said current workloads must be factored in to ensure the jabs can be prescribed safely.

Professor Kamila Hawthorne went on to say: “While weight loss medications have a lot of potential benefits for patients who are struggling to lose weight and who meet all the clinical criteria for a prescription, they mustn’t be seen as a ‘silver bullet’ to aid weight loss.

“We also need to see a focus on prevention, stopping people becoming overweight in the first place so they don’t require a medical intervention later.”

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‘How I tried to get weight loss drugs’

Her remarks were echoed by the National Pharmacy Association’s chairman Olivier Picard, who says “prescribing these medications alone misses the point”.

He argued that they need to be part of a comprehensive strategy that includes lifestyle coaching, exercise and nutritional guidance – but many GPs currently “lack the bandwidth” to provide this support.

“As a result, we could end up in a situation where patients are prescribed the medication, lose weight, and then experience rebound weight gain once the course ends – simply because the foundational lifestyle changes weren’t addressed,” Mr Picard added.

Estimates suggest about 29% of the adult population is obese.

Health Secretary Wes Streeting says the government “is determined to bring revolutionary modern treatments to everyone who needs them, not just those who can afford to pay”.

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