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The vast majority of Europeans support the use of artificial intelligence for police and military operations, according to a new report by Madrid’s IE University shared with CNBC.

“European Tech Insights,” which measured the attitudes of over 3,000 people in Europe, found that 75% support the use of AI technologies such as facial recognition and biometric data by the police and military for surveillance purposes.

The extent of the support is perhaps surprising, as Europe holds some of the strictest data privacy regulations in the world. In 2018, the European Union introduced the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR — a framework that governs the way organizations store and process users’ information.

Firms face hefty fines for violating the rules. A company in breach of GDPR laws can be fined up to 4% of their annual global revenues, or 20 million euros ($21.7 million), whichever is the higher amount.

“It is not clear that the public has thought about the ramifications of these [AI] applications,” Ikhlaq Sidhu, dean of the IE University’s School of Science and Technology, told CNBC.

The level of support for the use of AI in public service tasks, such as traffic optimization, was even higher, according to the report, coming in at 79%.

However, when it comes to sensitive matters, like parole decisions, most Europeans (64%) oppose the use of AI.

AI manipulation of elections

Despite support for AI in public administration and security matters, people appear to be much more concerned about its role in the democratic process.

IE University’s report found that the vast majority of Europeans (67%) fear AI manipulation in elections.

AI can be used as an amplifier of misinformation, with some users deliberately trying to use false information to subvert the opinions of others. A key concern is that so-called deepfakes, synthetic images, videos or audio clips created using AI could be used to misrepresent politicians’ views or spread other kinds of misinformation.

Generative AI platforms, such as OpenAI’s Dall-E and Stability AI’s Midjourney, can be used to create images with just a few lines of text prompts, for example. CNBC has reached out to OpenAI and Stability for comment.

“AI and deep fakes are the latest examples of a trend of misinformation and loss of verifiability,” Sidhu told CNBC. “This trend has been growing since the beginning of the Internet, social media,  and AI-driven search algorithms.”

Indeed, some 31% of Europeans think that AI has already influenced their voting decisions, according to the report. It comes as the 2024 U.S. election is fast approaching, with current Vice President Kamala Harris running against former President Donald Trump in the vote set for Nov. 5.

Generational divide

IE University’s report also found a generational AI divide in Europe.

Roughly a third (34%) of people aged between 18 and 34 would trust an AI-powered app to vote for politicians on their behalf. This figure falls to 29% for people aged 35 to 44, and just 9% for individuals aged 65 and over.

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CNBC Daily Open: A risky alpha bet in markets to revive AI trade

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CNBC Daily Open: A risky alpha bet in markets to revive AI trade

A Google cloud logo is seen at the announcement of Google’s biggest-ever investment in Germany on November 11, 2025 in Berlin, Germany.

Sean Gallup | Getty Images News | Getty Images

Alphabet on Monday resuscitated the artificial intelligence trade, which had been flagging the previous week. Its stock jumped 6.3%, lifting associated AI names such as Broadcom, Micron Technology and AMD. Major indexes rallied, with the Nasdaq Composite posting its best day in six months.

Investors were particularly enthusiastic about Broadcom because it helps to design and manufacture Google-parent Alphabet’s custom AI chips. In other words, the more market share Alphabet’s AI offerings gain, the greater the benefit to Broadcom — rather like Nvidia and the broader AI sector at the moment. Broadcom shares surged 11.1% on this notion, making it the S&P 500’s top gainer.

But while investors may cheer Alphabet’s leadership on Monday, not everyone wants it to have the last word.

“Some investors are petrified that Alphabet will win the AI war due to huge improvements in its Gemini AI model and ongoing benefits from its custom TPU chip,” Melius Research analyst Ben Reitzes wrote to clients in a Monday note. “GOOGL winning would actually hurt several stocks we cover — so prepare for volatility.”

Approaching the market’s moves from another angle, Melissa Brown, managing director of investment decision research at SimCorp, said it’s a concern when just one stock lifts the market. “That just doesn’t seem to me to be a sustainable force behind driving the market higher over the next however many days,” she added.

Alphabet on Monday may have brought about alpha — in the sense of market outperformance and potentially beginning a new phase of AI enthusiasm — but letting it be the omega as well could pose problems for investors.

What you need to know today

And finally…

Futures-options traders work on the floor at the New York Stock Exchange’s NYSE American (AMEX) in New York City, U.S., Nov. 19, 2025.

Brendan McDermid | Reuters

Could markets be facing an ‘everything bubble’? Investors are divided

 Dan Hanbury, who co-manages the Global Strategic Equity strategy at investment manager Ninety One, told CNBC that while the formation of an AI bubble appears to be “the ultimate question at the moment,” off-kilter prices stretch far beyond the realms of artificial intelligence.

“I think if you step back and look at valuations, it’s very hard to argue there’s not a bubble in the U.S. market,” he conceded. But despite there being “lots of red flags” in equity markets, Hanbury said market participants needed to take a broader view.

— Chloe Taylor

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Blackrock’s iShares bitcoin fund sees record exodus as crypto heads for worst month since 2022

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Blackrock's iShares bitcoin fund sees record exodus as crypto heads for worst month since 2022

CHONGQING, CHINA – JULY 17: In this photo illustration, a person holds a physical representation of a Bitcoin (BTC) coin in front of a screen displaying a candlestick chart of Bitcoin’s latest price movements on July 17, 2025 in Chongqing, China. (Photo illustration by Cheng Xin/Getty Images)

Cheng Xin | Getty Images News | Getty Images

Blackrock’s spot bitcoin exchange-traded fund is having its worst month ever as its underlying asset suffers its largest monthly decline in more than three years.

The iShares Bitcoin Trust ETF has recorded $2.2 billion in outflows this month, as of Monday, FactSet data shows. That’s nearly eight times the $291 million in losses suffered by the investment vehicle last October, or its second-worst month on record since its debut in early 2024. 

The outflows come as bitcoin is bleeding. The digital asset was last trading at $87,907.10 — down more than 20% over the past month and off more than 40% from its high of just north of $126,000 hit in early October. That makes November bitcoin’s worst month since June 2022, when the asset’s price fell about 39%.

“There’s no doubt that hot-money investments have had significant outflows,” Jay Hatfield, CEO and portfolio manager at Infrastructure Capital Advisors, told CNBC.

But, “the pullback is really focused on the gambling part of the market … and bitcoin is really the poster child for that,” he said. 

Investors are exiting Blackrock’s fund to rotate into risk-off assets such as gold amid mounting economic uncertainties and signs of souring market sentiment.

A recent survey from the University of Michigan showed that consumer sentiment has nosedived to near record-low levels. Meanwhile, investors are awaiting crucial data from the September retail sales and the producer price index reports, due out on Tuesday. And while the CME FedWatch Tool shows that traders are now pricing in more than 80% odds that the Federal Reserve will slash rates at its December meeting, such a cut remains far from sure bet.

Amid all the uncertainty, bitcoin is bleeding. And, investors in spot bitcoin ETFs, particularly newer holders, are feeling pressure to sell their shares — a reality that could extend the asset’s downside in the near term, Frank Chaparro, head of content and special projects at crypto-focused trading firm GSR, told CNBC. 

“With the macro environment becoming less certain, investors tend to de-risk across assets, which often means trimming exposure to crypto and other risk-sensitive stocks,” Chaparro said. “And for newer entrants who came in through the funds, any downturn can be unsettling – they can sell just as quickly as they bought.”

But while it’s true that spot bitcoin ETFs have brought in hoards of new retail investors who may be flighty during volatile times, the funds have also attracted a range of long-term investors such as institutions who can hold through the downturn, according to Joshua Levine, chairman at bitcoin treasury firm OranjeBTC, told CNBC. 

That institutional base could “dampen some of the extreme downside, but also smooth upside, reducing bitcoin’s volatility as the asset class matures,” Levine said. 

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Sandisk joins S&P 500 following Western Digital spinoff, replacing Interpublic

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Sandisk joins S&P 500 following Western Digital spinoff, replacing Interpublic

Atmosphere at the Variety 2025 Power of Young Hollywood Party, Presented by SANDISK held at the Four Seasons Los Angeles at Beverly Hills on August 07, 2025 in Beverly Hills, California.

Michael Buckner | Variety | Getty Images

Shares of flash storage vendor Sandisk popped 7% in extended trading on Monday after the company was added to S&P 500.

Sandisk’s addition to the benchmark comes nine months after the company was spun out of Western Digital. Sandisk will replace marketing company Interpublic, which is being acquired by Omnicom, S&P Global said in a statement.

It’s the latest tech company to join the S&P 500, which gets an increasing amount of its value from internet, software and semiconductor businesses. AppLovin, Datadog, DoorDash and Robinhood became members of the index earlier this year.

Stocks tend to rally when they’re added to the benchmark as fund managers who track the S&P 500 need to buy shares to reflect the changes.

Western Digital bought Sandisk in 2016 for $15.6 billion. In February, Western Digital spun out its flash business as Sandisk, which now has a market cap of about $33 billion.

Sandisk sells fast storage drives for gaming PCs, digital cameras and security cameras, and is also trying to land deals with large-scale data center builders. Revenue in the latest quarter rose 23% to $2.31 billion. The company reported a 31% increase in exabytes sold.

Omnicom announced plans to acquire Interpublic in December, and on Monday said the deal received antitrust approval from the European Commission.

WATCH: WDC CEO: SanDisk deal great for shareholders

WDC CEO: SanDisk deal great for shareholders

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