Nearly three-quarters of American voters say US democracy is under threat, according to exit polls.
The views, compiled by Edison Research, reflect a deep anxiety as the country waits to see who its new leader will be, following a contentious campaign.
Democracy and the economy were ranked as the most important issues, with 35% citing democracy and 31% saying the economy, followed by abortion and immigration at 14% and 11% respectively.
The poll also found 73% believe democracy is in jeopardy, compared to just 25% who said it is secure. The 2020 election was followed by insurrection at the US Capitol and there has been unease about whether voters will peacefully accept whoever is chosen this year.
The exit polls also underscore the polarisation in the US, with divisions only growing starker as the campaign has worn on. Donald Trump has used increasingly dark and apocalyptic rhetoric, while Kamala Harris has warned a second Trump administration would threaten the very foundations of American democracy.
Ms Harris leads among women, while Mr Trump is more popular among male voters, the exit polls suggest. Research also shows women make up 53% of the electorate – largely unchanged from 52% in 2020.
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Trump projected to win Florida
The share of voters without a college degree – who prefer Mr Trump – is down slightly, at 57%, compared to 59% four years ago.
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Voters also said they trust Ms Harris more on issues of abortion (51% to 44%) but Mr Trump is more trusted to handle immigration (52% to 46%).
Women were more than twice as likely to name abortion as a key issue compared to men (19% of women named it as a priority, compared to 8% of men).
There were less than two percentage points between the candidates on issues of crime and who would be better at handling a crisis.
White men were more likely to favour Mr Trump (59%). But exit polls found the gap for white women was closer, with 51% supporting the Republican candidate and 47% supporting Ms Harris.
Black men and women overwhelmingly supported the Democrat nominee, at 79% and 92% respectively.
And despite comments about Puerto Rico at a Trump rally, 54% of Latino men still seem to support him, according to the polls. Almost two-thirds (62%) of Latino women supported Ms Harris.
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Trump supporters vote wearing garbage bags
The battleground states
While 52 states are theoretically up for grabs, just seven key states could decide the future of the United States.
The exit polls show Ms Harris is viewed more favourably than her Republican opponent in Michigan, Wisconsin, North Carolina and Georgia – though her ratings remain lower than Biden’s in the 2020 exit polls.
Mr Trump is viewed as more favourable than his opponent in Nevada and Pennsylvania, while the candidates are tied in Arizona.
The preliminary exit poll results are also subject to change as more people are surveyed.
No matter who wins, history will be made. Ms Harris, 60, would become the first woman, black woman and South Asian American to win the presidency.
Mr Trump, 78, would become the oldest person to be inaugurated, the only president to be impeached twice and the first former president to be criminally convicted. He would also become the first president to win non-consecutive terms in more than a century.
Donald Trump has declared victory in the US election as he addressed jubilant supporters in Florida – but votes in key states are still being counted.
Speaking at West Palm Beach, he told crowds: “Look what happened – is this crazy?” – adding: “I want to thank the American people for the extraordinary honour of being elected your 47th president.
“I will fight for you and your family and your future, every single day I will be fighting for you with every breath in my body.”
He told the crowd it was a “magnificent victory for the American people” while claiming he had also won the popular vote, something he failed to secure during his 2016 and 2020 presidential bids.
“Winning the popular vote was very nice, it’s a great feeling of love,” he said.
The 78-year-old also told his supporters that “this will truly be the golden age of America”.
Mr Trump has won in the key battleground states of Georgia, Pennsylvania and North Carolina – and is leading in several others – narrowing Kamala Harris’s path to victory significantly.
According to Sky News’s US partner network NBC, Mr Trump, who has been bidding for a second term in the White House following his win in 2016 against Hillary Clinton, is now just four electoral votes away from a projected win.
While the Republican Party’s win of the Senate has been confirmed, the House is still up for grabs.
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“We overcame obstacles that no one thought possible,” Mr Trump said as family, including “my beautiful wife Melania” and his “amazing” children, stood next to him.
“We’re going to help our country heal, we have a country that needs help and it needs help very badly,” he said while doubling down on his promise to crack down on illegal immigration.
Mr Trump then seemed to refer to an attempted assassination on him at a rally in Pennsylvania back in July as he said: “Many people have told me that god has spared my life for a reason and that reason was to save our country and to restore America to greatness and now we are going to fulfill that mission together.”
Ms Harris will now not address her supporters until later on Wednesday, her campaign chair has said.
The vice president had been scheduled to make a speech at her alma mater, Howard University, after the polls closed, but the mood grew sombre as results began to trickle in.
Cedric Richmond, co-chair of the Harris campaign, told the crowds at the university: “We will continue overnight to fight to make sure, every vote is counted, that every voice has spoken.
“So you won’t hear from the vice president tonight but you will hear from her tomorrow. She will be back here tomorrow.”
The Howard community had been preparing for a historic night – Ms Harris would become the first woman, black woman and South Asian American to assume the presidency, if elected.
But in the 21 remaining states where more than 80% of the vote has been counted, there has been a swing towards Mr Trump, NBC News reports.
In seven of them, the swing is less than one point.
The largest swings – of more than five points – are in New Jersey and Florida.
No other state has a swing higher than three points.
World reacts to looming Trump victory
World leaders have started reacting to Mr Trump’s speech, with British Prime Minister Keir Starmer tweeting: “Congratulations president-elect Trump on your historic election victory.
“I look forward to working with you in the years ahead,” he said.
“As the closest of allies, we stand shoulder-to-shoulder in defence of our shared values of freedom, democracy and enterprise.
“From growth and security to innovation and tech, I know that the UK-US special relationship will continue to prosper on both sides of the Atlantic for years to come.”
Nigel Farage, leader of Reform UK and a longtime supporter of Mr Trump, tweeted: “He’s done it again. The most incredible political comeback of our lifetime.”
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who will have been closely watching the election as he seeks continued support from the US over his war against the Hamas militant group in Gaza, said on X: “Congratulations on history’s greatest comeback!”
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Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, another leader who has been counting on renewed US support as he seeks to fend of Russia’s full-scale invasion of his country, also congratulated Mr Trump over his looming victory, which he described as “impressive”.
Mr Zelenskyy said on Xhe appreciated Mr Trump’s “commitment to the ‘peace through strength’ approach” to global affairs and the principle could “bring just peace in Ukraine closer”.
Votes are still being counted in the US election, meaning the race is not yet won – but Donald Trump is just a handful of electoral votes from victory.
Overnight developments have thrilled Republicans, with Mr Trump going well ahead in the race for the magic number of 270 electoral college votes to win.
While the fight isn’t officially over yet for Kamala Harris– her opponent no longer needs the four remaining key battleground states to win, and he’s already claimed victory.
Here’s the story of the night…
Trump wins first three swing states
North Carolina, Georgiaand Pennsylvania – three of seven critical battleground states – have been called in favour of Donald Trump by Sky News’ US partner network NBC News.
North Carolina was the first battleground win of the election, giving Mr Trump the state’s 16 Electoral College votes, which he also narrowly won in 2020 with 49.9% of the vote, while Joe Biden garnered 48.6%.
It may not be a massive surprise, as North Carolina hasn’t swung to a Democrat for president since 2008, but it is still a significant blow for Ms Harris, who had been eyeing the state as a place to expand her path to 270.
Republican running mate JD Vance admitted before the vote it would be “very hard” for Mr Trump to win if their campaign did not hold North Carolina.
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Both candidates have made frequent trips to the battleground in the final weeks of the race.
But perhaps an even bigger loss for Team Harris was Georgia, which Mr Trump was projected to win at about 5.30am UK time.
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Trump projected to win Georgia
Numbers had shown Mr Trump was well ahead earlier this morning, but Democrats were holding out hope because he had been 200,000 votes ahead at the same stage of the 2020 election and still lost.
In 2020 it had proved a false lead because votes in the state’s four largest counties – Fulton, Gwinnett, Cobb and DeKalb – which normally lean Democrat – had not been counted.
Once they were, Joe Biden came from behind to win the state.
Those same counties took the longest to count this time too, but Ms Harris couldn’t make up the ground in them.
Then at around 7am NBC News projected that Mr Trump would win Pennsylvania.
The state is seen as the key to victory in the election as it holds a crucial 19 electoral college votes.
Pennsylvania has been a heavy focus of the Republican and Democrat campaigns, with both camps spending huge amounts of money and time vying to win the state.
Trump’s victory there means he only needs to win the states he’s widely expected to win – he doesn’t need any more battleground states.
Florida goes to Trump
Sky News’ US partner NBC News projected Donald Trump as the winner in Florida at 1am UK time.
The Republican-leaning state has a massive 30 electoral votes, the third largest number behind California (54) and Texas (40).
Florida, which is Mr Trump’s home state, was once considered a swing state but has been reliably Republican for over a decade.
The last time Floridians went for a Democratic presidential candidate was when Barack Obama beat Mitt Romney by less than a percentage point in 2012.
New York Times needle is back
There was talk that the popular New York Times ‘needle’ may not have been available on election night due to strike action that nearly ran into polling day.
The Tech Guild, which represents the Times’s software developers and data analysts, went on strike on Sunday over contracts, pay and in-office working policies.
But the needle was up and running on election night, predicting a comfortable win for Donald Trump.
The needle is part of the New York Times’s election coverage brought to readers by 100 journalists, engineers, statisticians, data experts and researchers.
It “estimates the final outcome based on partial election results, helping readers understand what to make of the vote that has been counted so far”, the New York Times says.
You can read exactly how the needle works, and see it for yourself, on the New York Times’ website.
Republicans projected to win the Senate
NBC News projects the Republicans will take over control of the Senate from the Democrats.
It is forecast the party will win 51 seats to the Democrats’ 40.
The House, currently held by the Republicans, is still up in the air.
If Donald Trump were to win, having control of the Senate and the House would enable him to govern more freely than if these legislatures were split.
Crowds leave Harris event
Crowds were leaving Kamala Harris’s watch party in Washington DC at around midnight local time as news of Mr Trump’s projected swing state victories came in.
Supporters had hoped she would be delivering a historic victory speech there, but she didn’t show up at all in the end.
One of the supporters who attended, Anna Aurilio, told Sky News: “I’m heading home for a stiff drink but I’m a sport fan so I know it’s not over until it’s over.”
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Crowd leaves Harris event
Another, Ellycia Smalley, said: “I’m a little down, obviously, but I’m not giving up hope, there are still big cities in swing states to be counted.
“It’s not over until the fat lady sings.”
That was before Pennsylvania was projected to go Mr Trump’s way.
One of her campaign chairs said she will be there tomorrow to “address the nation”.
Trump declares victory with 266 electoral college votes
Donald Trump took to the stage in West Palm Beach, Florida, with a huge entourage.
“I want to thank you all very much,” he said, praising the “incredible” MAGA movement.
“Frankly I believe this was the greatest political movement of all time,” he says, adding it’s now going to go to another level.
“We have a country that needs help very badly,” he adds, promising to “fix everything”.
“It’s clear that… this is a political victory,” he adds.
“I want to thank the American people for the extraordinary honour of being elected your 47th president and your 45th president,” he says, effectively claiming victory.
“This is a magnificent victory for the American people that will allow us to make America great again.”
But the Republicans have wrestled control after making gains in elections overnight.
With eight seats yet to be declared, the Republicans have 51 seats in the Senate and the Democrats have 40.
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Independent candidate Bernie Sanders, who sits with the Democratic caucus, has been projected to win a fourth term representing Vermont.
Among the Republicans’ gains were Trump-backed Bernie Moreno, who flipped a seat in Ohio which had been held by the Democrats since 2007.
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Another gain was in West Virginia where Jim Justice won a seat that was left vacant after independent senator and former Democrat Joe Manchin’s retirement.
All 435 seats in the House of Representatives, the lower house, are also up for grabs.
The Republicans’ gains in the Senate come as Donald Trump has been projected to win several key battleground states in the race to the White House, closing in on a second presidential term.
He declared victory in a speech to supporters in Florida, while Kamala Harris will not speak until later on Wednesday.