Britain’s annual Remembrance Day has a special dimension this year because it is the 80th anniversary of the D-Day landings.
The speaker of the House of Commons, Sir Lindsay Hoyle, and the Imperial War Museum are arranging for images of the men and women who took part in the Normandy campaign to be projected on the Elizabeth Tower below Big Ben.
Political leaders past and present will be on parade to lay wreaths at the Cenotaph, which commemorates “Our Glorious Dead” from two world wars and other military conflicts. Those assembled see no contradiction in the fact they are all bound to have been involved in cuts to the UK’s defence capabilities.
D-Day, when British and American troops fought on to the beaches to liberate Europe, is the defining moment of the UK’s patriotic pride to this day – which is why it was a big mistake by Rishi Sunak in the summer to duck out early from France and the international commemorations of 6 June 1944.
Ever since then Britain and Europe have nestled in the security umbrella extended by the United States.
The Americans came, belatedly, to the rescue in both world wars and we assume that it would do so again. The North Atlantic Treaty (NATO) is explicit that an attack on one member is an attack on all, and the US is the dominant contributor to NATO in both cash and military might.
There was already fresh uneasiness among British politicians about how safe we really are as tensions grow around the world from Ukraine to the Middle East to China. A recent House of Commons report was entitled “Ready For War?”.
Image: The King attends the Remembrance Sunday ceremony at the Cenotaph in 2023. Pic: AP
Russia’s territorial aggression against Ukraine has brought bloody confrontation between nation states back on to our continent.
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Meanwhile, Mr Trump, the US president-elect, has said he feels no obligation to defend European countries who do not spend as much as he thinks they should.
Given the enthusiasm of successive governments to cash a peace dividend by cutting back defence spending, there are real doubts as to whether the UK would be able to defend itself if it came to another war, according to General Sir Roly Walker, who has taken over as the head of UK armed forces.
This summer he set himself the task of readying “to deter or fight a war in three years”.
He is aiming to double the “lethality” of the army in the face of threats from Russia, China, Iran and North Korea which may be separate or co-ordinated.
Image: Donald Trump after taking the stage to declare victory. Pic: Reuters
The recent BRICS summit in Russia and the deployment of North Korean troops to fight with Vladimir Putin’s forces in Ukraine both show their willingness to internationalise local conflicts. George Robertson, the former defence secretary and NATO general secretary heading a defence review for the government, has also identified the threat from this “deadly quartet”.
General Walker says he can increase lethality within existing spending by smarter use of technology such as drones and AI.
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The problem is that this will still require diverting resources from existing capabilities, when deployable fighting manpower is already at its lowest for 200 years.
British politicians are increasingly aware of the need to strengthen capability and a number of overlapping inquiries are under way.
But given the overall pressures on the national budget, they have been reluctant to focus on the full financial implications.
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10:09
Badenoch calls out Lammy at PMQs
At Prime Minister’s Questions on Wednesday, the new leader of the opposition Kemi Badenoch challenged Sir Kier Starmer to say when the UK will spend 2.5% of GDP on defence; he retorted that it remains an unspecified commitment but that the last Labour government was the last to spend as much. From Mr Cameron to Mr Sunak, the Conservatives never did.
This sparring ignores the reality that for effective security, spending will need to rocket to 3% and beyond, and that Mr Trump may well be the one making that demand.
The US spends 3.5% of its national wealth – matching 68% of the defence spending of all the other members on its own.
Image: Vladimir Putin meets Recep Tayyip Erdogan on the sidelines of the BRICS summit in Kazan. Pic Reuters
They have not all yet hit the official NATO target of 2%, designed in part to “Trump proof” the alliance against the possibility of an American pullout.
The US currently has 100,000 troops based in Europe, increased by 20,000 since Mr Putin’s attack in 2022.
The next Trump administration will certainly want to reduce that number. But a slow reduction of the US commitment is happening in any case.
This week, Professor Malcom Chalmers told MPs on the Defence Select Committee: “The most plausible planning assumption for the UK right now is that America will provide a progressively smaller proportion of NATO’s overall capability and we are going to have to fill those gaps.”
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2:10
Can Trump’s tariffs impact the UK?
Given the likelihood that Mr Trump’s proposed new tariffs will slow the global economy, Sir Keir and the Labour government will have even less to spend on public services than it is proposing. It seems inconceivable that the UK would willingly go beyond 2.5%, whatever the current defence review says is necessary for the defence of the realm.
Just in current defence spending, John Healey, the new defence secretary, claimed he had inherited a £17bn “black hole” of unfunded planned spending from the Conservatives.
Ukraine is likely to be the first flashpoint.
Volodymyr Zelenskyy’s supporters want the US to increase its military aid when the US wants Europe to take more of the burden of defending itself as the US “pivots” to the greater threat it sees to itself from China.
Mr Trump has said he plans to end the Ukraine conflict in 24 hours.
Image: Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskyy with Donald Trump in New York. Pic: Reuters
In essence, Mr Putin would keep some of his territorial claims in Donbas and NATO would not extend its security guarantee to what remains of an independent Ukraine.
Mr Trump has already said that NATO’s longstanding and vague offer of eventual membership was “a mistake”.
Anxious not to alienate the US further and hard-pressed financially, some leading European nations including Germany appear ready to go along with such a sell-out.
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A number of security experts, including former acting deputy prime minister Sir David Lidington, say this deal would be “Donald Trump’s Munich”.
This is a reference to the “peace in our time” deal agreed by prime minister Neville Chamberlain with Adolf Hitler, which failed to halt further aggression by Nazi Germany before the Second World War.
Then, as previously with the First World War, “America First” instincts were to leave the Europeans to sort out their own mess. But American forces ended up shedding their blood decisively in both conflicts.
Once again, the UK and Europe are not ready for war, and relying on an increasingly unreliable US. The politicians, prime ministers and generals gathering at the Cenotaph to honour the war dead should have much on their minds.
Sir Keir Starmer has dismissed calls for an investigation into his chancellor after she apologised for putting her family home up for rent without obtaining the necessary licence.
The newspaper said the chancellor rented her family home in Dulwich when she moved into 11 Downing Street, but was unaware she had to obtain a “selective licence” to do so.
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1:23
Could Labour break its manifesto in the budget?
Some London boroughs require private landlords to obtain a specific kind of licence if they are putting their property up for rent – including Southwark Council, where Ms Reeves’ home is listed.
The newspaper said she had now applied for a licence, but the Conservatives have called for an investigation.
A spokesperson for Ms Reeves said: “Since becoming chancellor, Rachel Reeves has rented out her family home through a lettings agency.
“She had not been made aware of the licensing requirement, but as soon as it was brought to her attention, she took immediate action and has applied for the licence.
“This was an inadvertent mistake and in the spirit of transparency, she has made the prime minister, the independent adviser on ministerial standards and the parliamentary commissioner for standards aware.”
What is a selective licence?
Southwark Council introduced “selective licences” across certain areas two years ago.
The scheme is designed to “improve safety, security and quality for people living in private rented homes”.
It aims to ensure renters who face persistent problems with damp, mould and outstanding repairs can get their issues resolved.
These licences apply to most private residential properties, last for five years, and cost £900.
Landlords need to provide documents including safety certificates for gas, electricity and fire alarms – along with floor plans and tenancy agreements.
Renting out a property without a licence can lead to civil penalties of up to £30,000 – as well as prosecution in some cases.
It is understood that Sir Laurie Magnus, the prime minister’s ethics adviser, has not launched an investigation into Ms Reeves.
Sir Keir said further investigation into the issue was “not necessary” after consulting Sir Laurie.
In a letter to Ms Reeves, he suggested her apology was a “sufficient resolution”.
Daisy Cooper, deputy leader of the Liberal Democrats, said the chancellor was adding to the government’s “list of scandals”.
“Just weeks before the budget, this risks seriously undermining confidence in this government and its ability to focus on the urgent tasks at hand,” she added.
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The chancellor is understood to be looking at an annual 1% charge on the amount a property’s value exceeds £2m – and a £10,000-a-year levy for homes worth £3m.
Another proposal would see capital gains tax (CGT) charged when someone sells their main home, based on the amount it has increased in value during ownership.
Reports suggest this would only be applied to the most expensive properties, with a possible threshold of £1.5m, which would affect about 120,000 homeowners.
Are Kemi Badenoch’s Conservatives and Nigel Farage’s Reform UK about to bury the hatchet and work together?
Tory and Reform MPs joined forces to back a Commons move by Mr Farage to withdraw from the European Convention on Human Rights.
It was the biggest and most high-profile display of co-operation between these hitherto sworn enemies seen in parliament so far.
Could it be a pointer to some sort of arrangement or pact in opposition to Labour, the Liberal Democrats and other left-leaning parties after the next election?
The issue that brought about the new apparent love-in between the feuding parties on the right of UK politics was a 10-minute rule bill moved by Mr Farage.
Surrounded by opponents from the Lib Dems and SNP, Mr Farage was shouted down throughout his speech, before the Lib Dem leader Sir Ed Davey launched an angry onslaught opposing his bill.
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Of course, withdrawing from the ECHR is an issue on which the Conservatives and Reform UK agree. But quite often the big parties ignore Commons motions moved by small parties.
Not this time. Voting was 96 MPs in favour and 154 against Mr Farage’s ECHR Withdrawal Bill, with 63 Labour MPs, 64 Liberal Democrats and Jeremy Corbyn’s band of 10 independents voting against.
Kemi Badenoch led 87 Conservative MPs into the Aye lobby alongside Mr Farage, his Reform UK colleagues Richard Tice, Lee Anderson and Danny Kruger, who was a teller, and a few Northern Ireland MPs.
The Conservative MPs backing Mr Farage’s motion included most of the shadow cabinet. The Tory grandee Sir John Whittingdale was the Reform UK leader’s other teller.
After the vote, Mr Farage thanked former cabinet ministers Suella Braverman and Sir Gavin Williamson and – most significantly – shadow justice secretary Robert Jenrick for co-signing his bill.
While Mrs Badenoch has publicly ruled out a pact with Reform UK, Mr Jenrick told Sky News during the Tory conference earlier this month it was “not a priority”.
The breakdown of the voting numbers tells us that without the 63 Labour MPs voting against, Mr Farage would have won the vote, although victory on a ten-minute rule bill is purely symbolic.
And indeed, until a last-minute plea by pro-Europe Labour MPs led by Stella Creasy, the Labour leadership’s plan had been to ignore the vote and abstain.
But the party’s high command is understood to have been warned that, purely symbolic or not, allowing Farage’s bill to be passed would send a terrible signal to the UK’s European neighbours.
And so the new government chief whip Jonathan Reynolds relented and ruled that while ministers should abstain and not take part, backbenchers could vote against Mr Farage if they wished.
Ed Davey later claimed the credit for defeating Mr Farage, however. “We just defeated Nigel Farage’s bill in parliament to tear up people’s rights and withdraw from the ECHR,” he said.
“Farage wants to do away with the Britain Churchill built and turn it into a version of Trump’s America. We stopped him.”
But could this vote signal that some form of coalition politics may be on the way back in the Commons, with Labour and the Liberal Democrats v the Conservatives and Reform UK?
That is the view on illegal immigrants of Faten Hameed, who has passed the vetting stage and is now hoping to stand for Reform UK in next year’s Scottish parliamentary elections.
Ms Hameed, who moved to Scotland from Iraq 30 years ago, believes the country is now “drained” and says asylum seekers “shouldn’t be here”.
She is one of about 1,000 members of Reform’s branch in Glasgow, with the party attempting to come from nothing to become Holyrood’s second largest.
Image: Faten Hameed says people in the UK illegally should be put in camps and deported
Reform rarely opens up, with the party often keeping events quiet and relying on encrypted WhatsApp groups to coordinate their efforts.
But we’ve been given exclusive access to a branch meeting inside a small bowling club.
The group’s discussion is raw and unfiltered.
‘Natives first’
Grant Caldwell didn’t mince his words.
“I am sick of the same old politics,” he said.
Asked what he wanted changed, he said: “I am more concerned about the social housing aspect from native people.
Image: Niall (left) and Grant say homeless Scots should be prioritised for housing
“There is a lot of homeless Scots that aren’t getting a bed or a homeless accommodation – to suit the migrants.
“Natives first, I think.
“Obviously, I don’t mind helping people out, but we have to prioritise our own people first.”
Nodding along beside him is Niall.
A former UKIP member, he tells me Reform now feels like home.
We then meet Audrey Dempsey, who quit as a Labour councillor after being accused of making racist remarks.
She now represents Reform in Glasgow.
“If they [migrants] were arriving in the country, and they were fitting in with our culture and values and learning our way of life then that would be more than welcome,” she says.
Asked what she meant, Ms Dempsey says: “Well, instead of trying to inflict their culture on other people here like Sharia law. They are trying to bring that here.”
Image: Audrey Dempsey quit as a Labour councillor
Questioned on who she believed was introducing Sharia law and where, she said: “The asylum seekers. Some of the asylum seekers. The legal migrants. Absolutely.
“Do you not have conversations in the street? You just have to take a walk through Glasgow city centre on any given day. I think by the line of questioning that you haven’t, if you are so shocked by this.”
Asked for evidence to substantiate her claims, Ms Dempsey said there was “stacks of evidence online”.
And questioned if she believed “they are coming to take over,” the Reform councillor said: “I don’t quite know what I believe at this moment.”
Ms Dempsey said there had been “too many” crimes involving asylum seekers in Glasgow, but was unable to provide any specific details “off the top of my head right now”.
Image: Audrey Dempsey says migrants need to ‘fit in with our culture’
‘It’s a fix’
At another table I am introduced to retiree Gordon Miller, who is now the treasurer of Reform’s Glasgow operation.
He accused the SNP of rigging the system when I told him polls suggested John Swinney’s party could win again and enter their third decade in power.
He said: “There is nothing like a bit of gerrymandering to make sure the constituencies fit your profiles.
“It has been a fix for donkey’s years, and the facts speak for themselves. They keep changing the borders so regularly.”
Image: Gordon Miller claims Scottish boundaries are rigged
A review of changes to constituency boundaries has been submitted to Scottish ministers for approval.
Reform plans to stand a candidate in each Scottish constituency next May.
Those hoping to be successful are currently going through a vetting process and “assessment centres” and mock interviews.
One of those wannabe MSPs is Paul Bennie, an army veteran turned ambulance worker who joined Reform UK a year ago.
“Politics is bust,” he says. “We do need Reform. We need to change the way we do politics and change people’s futures for the better.”
Image: ‘Politics is bust,’ says Paul Bennie
‘Put them in camps’
Ms Hameed has been part of three political parties since 2020.
She was once a Labour general election candidate before switching to the Conservatives and recently defected to Reform.
The Scottish Iraqi Association chairwoman has passed the official vetting stages to stand for Reform in May.
She tells us that immigration is one of her top two priorities.
Asked if Reform would deport anyone, she said: “For illegal immigration, yes. Put them in camps and deport them. They shouldn’t be here.”
Questioned on whether she was calling for the establishment of deportation camps in the UK, Ms Hameed said: “Why not? Other countries have done it.”
Image: Faten Hameed recently defected to Reform and will stand as a candidate in May’s Scottish Parliament elections
When pushed on where camps should be set up, she said: “It is for the government to decide”.
“They would be in the UK as the boats are coming to us,” she says. “They are all seeking asylum. Why are they here? Why?”
She denied making policy up as she goes along, saying: “It’s not a matter of what is Reform policy, it is a matter of what is required. The country is drained.”
Reform a ‘serious competitor’ in Scotland
Britain’s leading polling expert, Professor Sir John Curtice, told Sky News there was a “very clear race” between Reform and Labour for second place in Scotland.
He said: “The rise of Reform is a remarkable story. They are a serious competitor for becoming the principal opposition party at Holyrood.”
A Survation poll in May suggested Nigel Farage’s party will beat the other unionist parties in 2026, although by September Labour had edged ahead by two points.
Image: Survation polling from September
Mr Farage previously told me he would not be standing in the Holyrood election, and the party would have a bespoke leader north of the border.
Thomas Kerr, a Glasgow councillor who defected from the Conservatives to Reform in January, did not deny he would throw his hat in the ring to be the Scottish party chief.
He told us that the potential candidates we met going “off-script” was “problem we are working with”.
But he insisted vetting procedures have been strengthened and “every candidate we will see standing for Reform UK will be top-notch”.
Responding to the claims made in this report, SNP leader and First Minister John Swinney said he was “very concerned”.
“Sharia law is not taking over Scotland, and I find the idea of deportation camps just utterly repugnant,” he said.
“I think what you are sharing with me reinforces my view that the politics of Nigel Farage are repulsive, and Scotland should have nothing to do with it.”
The Reform UK party in London told Sky News it had nothing further to add in response to this report.