Net migration to the UK has fallen by 20% from a record 906,000 the year before, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) said.
The latest net migration figures – the difference between people coming to live in and leaving the UK – stand at an estimated 728,000 in the year to June 2024.
A total of 1.2 million people are estimated to have arrived in the UK in the year ending June 2024, while 414,000 left.
The total for the previous year, to June 2023, has been revised upwards by 166,000 to 906,000, making it the new highest year instead of 2022.
ONS director Mary Gregory said the fall in the latest year has been “driven by declining numbers of dependants on study visas coming from outside the EU”.
She said the first six months of 2024 have seen a decrease in the number of people arriving on work visas partly due to the salary threshold rising substantially.
There was a 19% decrease in student visas in the year to September 2024 – when the university year begins – compared with the previous year.
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There was a 33% decrease in worker visas in that time.
The previous Conservative government changed the rules so since January, most students have not been allowed to bring dependents with them, with exceptions only for those studying at PhD level.
In March, further changes were introduced by the Tory government barring care workers and senior care workers from sponsoring dependents on the health and care worker visa.
Rishi Sunak’s Tory administration also raised the minimum salary requirement for the skilled worker visa from £26,200 to £38,700 in April, making the visa more difficult to obtain.
Asylum spending at record high
Home Office figures also released today show government spending on asylum in the UK reached £5.38 billion in the year to April 2024 – up 36% from £3.95bn from the previous year and the highest level of spending on record.
At the end of September 2024, there were 97,170 asylum cases (relating to 133,409 people) awaiting an initial decision, which is 22% fewer than the year before, but 13% higher than at the end of the previous quarter.
The latest net migration figures, from July 2023 to June 2024, cover the Conservatives’ last year in office, with Labour winning the election at the beginning of July.
New Tory leader Kemi Badenoch on Wednesday admitted her party had failed on migration.
“We got this wrong. I more than understand the public anger on this issue, I share it,” she said.
Image: Asylum spending is at a record high. Pic: PA
Conservatives say drop is due to their policies
Former Conservative home secretary James Cleverly said: “Today’s migration figures are the first to show the impact of the changes that I brought in as home secretary.
“Numbers are still too high, but we see the first significant downward trend in years. Changes that Labour opposed and haven’t fully implemented.”
Suella Braverman, the Tory home secretary before Mr Cleverly, also claimed credit for the drop in net migration, saying it “is a result of the changes I fought for and introduced in May 2023”.
“That’s when we started to turn the tide,” she said.
“But 1.2 million arrivals a year is still too high. This is unsustainable and why we need radical change.”
Labour said the latest migration figures showed the government had started the “hard graft” of tackling the issue, and was “cleaning up the Conservatives’ mess”.
A party spokesman said: “In their own words, the Tories broke the immigration system.
“On their watch, net migration quadrupled in four years to a record high of nearly one million, despite saying they’d lower it to 100,000.
“They are an open borders party who lied time and again to the public. This is the chaos Labour inherited and any crowing from the Tories should be seen in that light.”
Image: Former home secretary James Cleverly said the numbers showed Tory policy was working. Pic: AP
41% drop in study or work visas
Figures for net migration in 2022 were also revised, increasing from 607,000 to 754,000, while 2021 changed from 221,000 to 254,000.
The revisions are due to the ONS continuing to review its net migration figures as more complete data becomes available, as well as improving how it estimates the migration behaviour of people arriving in the UK from outside the EU.
The latest figures show a small increase in emigration, but the fall was mostly attributed to a decrease in immigration.
Those entering the UK as dependents of people on work or study visas dropped by 41% for each.
Main applicants for work visas decreased by 7%, while main applicants for study visas dropped by 9%.
The ONS said the fall in net migration was also driven by a rise in long-term emigration – people leaving the UK – particularly of those who came to the country on study visas.
“This is likely a consequence of the large number of students who came to the UK post-pandemic now reaching the end of their courses,” the ONS said.
It comes after the veteran MP defended previous comments about racism which sparked an antisemitism row and led to a year-long suspension.
She apologised at the time and was readmitted back into the party before the 2024 general election.
A Labour Party spokesperson said: “Diane Abbott has been administratively suspended from the Labour Party, pending an investigation. We cannot comment further while this investigation is ongoing.”
Sky News understands that the suspension is not related to the four rebels who lost the whip on Wednesday for “repeated breaches” of party discipline, including voting against the government’s welfare cuts.
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The action has been taken because of an interview in which she doubled down on her claim Jewish people experience racism differently to black people, which previously sparked a huge controversy.
Image: Diane Abbott
In a letter to The Observer in 2023, Ms Abbott argued that people of colour experienced racism “all their lives” and said that was different to the “prejudice” experienced by Jewish people, Irish people and Travellers.
Shortly after it was published, she issued a statement in which she said she wished to “wholly and unreservedly withdraw my remarks and disassociate myself from them”.
However in a new interview with BBC Radio 4’s Reflections programme this week, she said she did not look back on the incident with regret.
Ms Abbott said: “Clearly, there must be a difference between racism which is about colour and other types of racism because you can see a Traveller or a Jewish person walking down the street, you don’t know.
“But if you see a black person walking down the street, you see straight away that they’re black. They are different types of racism.”
She added: “I just think that it’s silly to try and claim that racism which is about skin colour is the same as other types of racism.
“I don’t know why people would say that.”
Commenting on the suspension, Ms Abbott told Sky News: “It’s obvious this Labour leadership wants me out. My comments in the interview with James Naughtie were factually correct, as any fair-minded person would accept.”
The clip of the interview was re-posted by Brian Leishman, one of the MPs suspended on Wednesday, who said: “Diane Abbott has fought against racism her entire life.”
Bell Riberio-Addy, who lost her role as trade envoy in yesterday’s purge, also came to Ms Abbott’s defence, saying: “Before condemning her based on headlines, I would listen to her clip and note she discussed the different forms that racism takes and condemned all forms of racism.”
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Former shadow chancellor John McDonnell made similar comments, saying that in the interview his colleague “forthrightly condemns antisemitism & discusses the different forms of racism”.
But Labour MP David Taylor told Sky News he has “long thought Diane Abbott shouldn’t be a member of our party due to her appalling positions on everything from Bosnia to Syria”.
He added: “As the Jewish Labour Movement have said, antisemitism targets Jews regardless of how they look, and many in the community are visibly Jewish and suffer racism for it.”
In the interview, Ms Abbott said she “of course” condemns antisemitic behaviour in the same way she would condemn racist behaviour because of the colour of someone’s skin, adding: “I do get a bit weary of people trying to pin the antisemitic label on me because I spent a lifetime facing racism of all kinds.”
Ms Abbott made history when she was elected as Britain’s first black female MP for Labour in 1987.
She is the longest-serving female MP in the Commons, giving her the title “Mother of the House”.
As an MP on the left of the party she has often clashed with the leadership throughout her career – bar her time serving in Jeremy Corbyn’s shadow cabinet.
Many MPs rallied in support of Ms Abbott last year when it was not clear if she would be reinstated in time for the general election, or allowed to stand.
She went on to retain her seat of Hackney North and Stoke Newington with a majority of over 15,000.
Deputy Prime Minister Angela Rayner hinted action could be taken against Ms Abbott when she told The Guardian earlier on Thursday that she was “disappointed” in her colleague’s remarks.
“There’s no place for antisemitism in the Labour Party, and obviously the Labour Party has processes for that,” she said.
A source close to the decision to suspend her told Sky News there is a “very slim chance” she will be allowed back in, given she did antisemitism training and apologised last time.
It raises questions about whether Ms Abbott could join the new party being formed by Mr Corbyn and former Labour MP Zarah Sultana.
For the time being, Ms Abbott will sit in the Commons as an independent MP.
Adnan Hussain, who was elected as the independent MP for Blackburn last year, said on X: “We’d be honoured to have a giant like Diane join us, she [should] come to the side that would really appreciate her for the legend she is.”