Connect with us

Published

on

Rebel forces claim to have taken control of the Syrian capital after storming through the country in less than two weeks.

According to reports, authoritarian ruler Bashar al Assad has fled Damascus on a plane headed to an unknown destination, ending his 24-year rule.

While Syrians celebrate in the streets with chants for freedom, attention will also turn to the insurgents and what happens next.

Who are the rebels?

The initial assault on regime forces, which began in the northern city of Aleppo last week, was carried out by a variety of Mr Assad’s opponents.

This included rebels under the banner of the Syrian National Army, backed by Turkey, but the offensive has mostly been led by jihadi group Hayat Tahrir al Sham (HTS).

Once known as the Nusra Front, a former wing of al Qaeda, HTS is said to have around 30,000 troops and has long been designated a terrorist group by the US and Russia.

It was formed to oppose the Syrian government and was founded by Abu Muhammed al Jolani, cutting ties with al Qaeda in 2016 and making an effort to appear moderate.

Read more: Latest as Assad ‘flees’ Syria

Rebel fighters in Homs. Pic: Reuters
Image:
Rebel fighters in the city of Homs. Pic: Reuters

As rebels entered Aleppo, video showed him issuing orders by phone, forbidding fighters from entering homes and reminding them to protect citizens.

Aron Lund, a fellow at think-tank Century International, said Mr Jolani and HTS have clearly changed, while adding they remain “pretty hardline”.

“It’s PR, but the fact they are engaging in this effort at all shows they are no longer as rigid as they once were,” he said.

“Old-school al Qaeda or the Islamic State would never have done that.”

But the US’s Commission on International Religious Freedom said in 2022 that despite the “rebrand”, HTS “restricts religious freedom” and threatens the safety of religious minorities.

What plans do they have?

Mr Jolani, himself designated a terrorist by the US in 2013, has tried to reassure Syrian minorities who fear jihadists.

In 2023, he allowed the first Christian mass in years in the northwestern city of Idlib, and on Wednesday insisted he would protect residents of a Christian town south of Aleppo.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Syrian rebels announce Damascus ‘freed’

The group’s political plans remain to be seen, with Robert Ford, former US ambassador to Syria, telling Sky News he has not seen “detailed programs”.

“We don’t know exactly what they’re going to do,” he said. “I would say here that after a 13-year incredibly bloody and vicious civil war, right now it’s a day for Syrians to celebrate, and to hope for things that will turn out better.

“There will be plenty of hard work quickly waiting for them.”

Why has this happened now?

These anti-Assad victories are years in the making, more than a decade on from the start of Syrian civil war.

But the rapid rebel progress has stunned the international community.

Key locations in Syria as well as the Iraqi town of Al Qaim, where troops are seeking refuge
Image:
Key locations in Syria as well as the Iraqi town of Al Qaim, where troops sought refuge.

Former head of the British Army’s chemical weapons unit, Hamish De Bretton-Gordon, said the timing is “no coincidence”.

“With Hezbollah much diminished, the Iranian proxy in the region, and also other Iranian militias, it gave the rebels an opportunity,” he told Sky News.

“With Russia taking so many forces away from Syria to bolster their special military operation in Ukraine, it left Assad exposed and the rebels have really taken advantage of it.”

What other nations have interests in Syria?

The assault had raised the prospect of another front reopening in the Middle East, at a time when US-backed Israel has been fighting Hamas in Gaza and Hezbollah in Lebanon, both Iran-allied groups.

Russia, which was Mr Assad’s main international backer, is also preoccupied with its war in Ukraine.

Previous military intervention by Russia and Iran – alongside support from other groups – had allowed Mr Assad to remain in power and retain 70% of Syria under his control.

Read more:
Middle East power dynamics will utterly change
Fast-moving conflict is unique geopolitical challenge

The US has about 900 troops in northeast Syria to guard against a resurgence by the Islamic State, which was defeated in Syria and Iraq by 2019, by a US-led coalition that included Kurdish fighters and UK air support.

Turkey, which also opposes Kurdish expansion, has forces in Syria alongside its reported influence with the broad alliance of opposition forces.

Continue Reading

World

Hamas ‘agrees to ceasefire-hostage deal’ with Israel, senior official says

Published

on

By

Hamas 'agrees to ceasefire-hostage deal' with Israel, senior official says

Hamas has agreed to a ceasefire-hostage deal with Israel, according to a senior official.

Egyptian and Qatari mediators have been holding talks with Hamas in their latest effort to broker a ceasefire with Israel in Gaza.

The Hamas official did not provide further details of the agreement or what had been accepted.

Hamas has responded positively to such deals in the past, while proposing amendments which have proved unacceptable to Israel.

Sky’s International Correspondent Diana Magnay in Jerusalem said the agreement appears to be similar to the plan put forward by Donald Trump’s Middle East envoy, Steve Witkoff, for a 60-day ceasefire deal.

“What we understand from Hamas, in relation to this deal, is that it would be within the 60-day ceasefire framework, but it would be a release of prisoners and detainees in two parts.

“What we understand from Arab channels is that Hamas agreed to it without major alterations,” she said.

More on Gaza

An Egyptian official source told Reuters that, during the ceasefire, there would be an exchange of Palestinian prisoners in return for the release of half of the Israeli hostages held in Gaza.

There has been no word from Israel about the proposed ceasefire.

Diana Magnay said it is clear that mediators from Egypt and Qatar, potentially along with Hamas, felt under pressure because of Benjamin Netanyahu’s plan to push further into Gaza City, “and that’s why you’ve had mediators over the weekend in Cairo trying to get some kind of plan on the table.”

“So the big question is, will Benjamin Netanyahu agree to this? We shall have to see whether it is his intention at any point to agree to a ceasefire or whether this is just too late now and he will use the opportunity to push on in Gaza,” she added.

Earlier on Monday, US President Donald Trump appeared to cast doubt on peace talks.

“We will only see the return of the remaining hostages when Hamas is confronted and destroyed!!! The sooner this takes place, the better the chances of success will be,” he posted on his Truth Social site.

Egypt’s Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty said mediators had been “exerting extensive efforts” to revive a US proposal for a 60-day ceasefire, during which hostages would be released and the sides would negotiate a lasting cessation of violence.

Health authorities in Gaza said the Palestinian death toll from 22 months of war has passed 62,000.

This breaking news story is being updated and more details will be published shortly.

Please refresh the page for the latest version.

You can receive breaking news alerts on a smartphone or tablet via the Sky News app. You can also follow us on WhatsApp and subscribe to our YouTube channel to keep up with the latest news.

Continue Reading

World

Why Putin’s demands make it difficult for Zelenskyy to agree a deal

Published

on

By

Why Putin's demands make it difficult for Zelenskyy to agree a deal

Russian President Vladimir Putin reportedly demands that he be given control of the whole of the Donbas as part – and only part – of his price for any peace deal with Ukraine.

The area referred to as “the Donbas” consists of two regions.

Russian forces currently occupy almost all of one of them – Luhansk – and about 70% of the other – Donetsk.

The Donbas is historically an important industrial area of Ukraine, where its coal mines and heavy industries are located, as well as many of its old arms manufacturing plants from the days when Ukraine was part of the Soviet Union.

The 30% of Donetsk that Ukrainian forces still hold, and would be required to give up under Mr Putin‘s demands, are very important to it for a number of reasons.

Follow latest: Ukraine war live updates

The regions of Luhansk and Donetsk, which make up the Donbas in eastern Ukraine, have been subject to fierce fighting
Image:
The regions of Luhansk and Donetsk, which make up the Donbas in eastern Ukraine, have been subject to fierce fighting

Politically, it is not lost on all Ukrainians that Russia‘s 2014 takeover of parts of the Donbas (about 30% of the territory by the end of that year) began in the city of Sloviansk in the northern part of the unconquered Donbas.

The Ukrainians liberated that city from Russian-backed forces and have held onto it since, and paid a high price in lives and money to keep it free.

The same applies to the other cities and villages still under Kyiv’s control in Donetsk. It would be a bitter blow to Ukraine, and possibly even precipitate the removal of Volodymyr Zelenskyy as president – to give up to Russia territory that Ukraine has fought so hard to retain for the last 11 years.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Zelenskyy ‘not authorised’ to give up territories

But this area also has an immediate strategic importance for Kyiv.

The four significant cities in this area form a 50 to 60km “belt” of strong fortifications.

Even the Russian military refer to Sloviansk, Kramatorsk, Druzhkivka and Kostyantynivka as the “fortress cities” and all the villages and settlements between them are well-defended, making best use of the topographical features on which they are situated.

Read more:
Mapping the land Ukraine could be told to give up
Talks will be no repeat of Oval Office meltdown – here’s why

If Ukrainian forces had to give up these strong positions they would not be able to withdraw westwards to other defensive positions anything like as strong.

In short, they would be ceding their best defensive positions to Russian forces who could then use them as a springboard for further attacks westwards towards the Dnieper River, which the Ukrainians would struggle to defend so easily.

The fact that Russian forces have been geographically close to Sloviansk and Kramatorsk for so long without being able to take them tells its own story of the effectiveness of the “fortress cities” to hold out against Russian attacks.

Not least, there would be some advantage to Russia in gaining access to mineral fields across that part of the Donbas which incudes workable, large deposits of lithium and titanium non-ferrous metals, and also some large rare earth deposits running in a north-south geological strip along the border between Donetsk and the neighbouring region of Dnipropetrovsk.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

‘Putin does not want to stop the killing’

Doubts over the value of Putin ‘security guarantees’

Some US officials have spoken about the possibility of obtaining credible security guarantees from Russia in the event that Ukraine agrees to Moscow’s terms.

It is fair to say that there is near-unanimous opinion, both among the public in Ukraine and (with only a couple of notable but minor exceptions) among political leaders in Europe, that no guarantees Mr Putin might offer would be worth anything.

His record in European security matters since he took power in Moscow in 1999 is of continual bad faith, deception, and treaty-breaking.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

What to expect of the Trump-Zelenskyy meeting

Russia guaranteed Ukrainian security in the Budapest Agreement of 1994 and then went on to conclude a Friendship Treaty with Ukraine in 1997 – but broke both of them by its first two invasions of Ukraine in 2014.

The Minsk Agreement and then a later “Minsk II”, followed that invasion to try to stabilise the situation.

But both of those agreements were broken very quickly by Russia.

Moscow claims these breaches were the fault of Kyiv, but the historical record gives that claim no credence.

On the eve of Russia’s full scale invasion on Ukraine in January/February 2022 Putin personally and repeatedly stressed to all the European leaders who contacted him that Russia had no intention of invading Ukraine – until the day came when it did.

Follow the World
Follow the World

Listen to The World with Richard Engel and Yalda Hakim every Wednesday

Tap to follow

The fact is, there is simply no documentary or confirmed evidence that Mr Putin’s ambitions in Ukraine are restricted to the Donbas region.

But there is abundant documentary and confirmed public evidence to the contrary – that under Mr Putin’s leadership, Russia intends to conquer all of Ukraine and reabsorb it into the Russian federation.

Any “guarantees” that Mr Putin might offer along the way to this ultimate objective ought to be regarded as merely tactical and short-term.

Since he has honoured literally none of his previous agreements in relation to any aspect of European security, his record suggests he will break any new security guarantees as soon as he sees an advantage in doing so.

Continue Reading

World

‘Not in our name’: Israelis protest against Gaza war – but Netanyahu seems unmoved

Published

on

By

'Not in our name': Israelis protest against Gaza war - but Netanyahu seems unmoved

The coordinates came through last minute. The instruction was to get there fast.

People organising demonstrations, blocking motorways and major intersections, did not want police getting wind of their plans.

The one we found ourselves at, near the town of Lod, halfway between Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, felt a bit like a flash-mob protest, done and dusted in less than half an hour.

Protesters set fire to tyres which blazed across a motorway
Image:
Protesters set fire to tyres which blazed across a motorway


The protestors had set fire to tyres, which blazed across the motorway, filling the sky with thick black smoke.

They waved the Israeli flag and other yellow flags to show solidarity with the remaining hostages still in Gaza, whose photos they carried – their faces and names seared on the collective consciousness now – a collective trauma.

“We want the war to end, we want our hostages back, we want our soldiers back safe home, and we want the humanitarian disaster in Gaza to end”, one of the protestors told me.

“We do not want to have these crimes made in our name.”

And then she was gone, off to the next location as the group vanished in a matter of minutes, leaving police to put out the fire.

Demonstrators block a street during a protest demanding the immediate release of hostages held by Hamas and calling for the Israeli government to reverse its decision to take over Gaza City and other areas in the Gaza Strip, in Jerusalem, Sunday, Aug
Image:
Demonstrators block a street during a protest demanding the immediate release of hostages held by Hamas and calling for the Israeli government to reverse its decision to take over Gaza City and other areas in the Gaza Strip, in Jerusalem, Sunday, Aug

Protesters in Tel Aviv. Pic: Reuters
Image:
Protesters in Tel Aviv. Pic: Reuters

This was a day of stoppage, a nationwide strike – a change of tactics by the hostage families to up the ante with the government in their calls to stop the war, make a deal and bring the hostages home.

Benjamin Netanyahu was unmoved.

“Those who are calling for an end to the war today without defeating Hamas are not only hardening Hamas’s stance and delaying the release of our hostages, they are also ensuring that the horrors of October 7 will recur again and again”, he said at the start of the weekly cabinet meeting.

Netanyahu ‘broke contract’ with us

Ahead of the day of strike action, we spoke to a former Air Force reservist who quit in April in protest over Netanyahu’s decision to break the ceasefire.

“I felt he hadn’t broken the contract with Hamas, he’d broken the contract with us – with the people, releasing the hostages, stopping the war. That was my breaking point.”

He wanted to be anonymous, identifying himself by the call sign ‘F’.

'F' called the current conflict 'forever war'
Image:
‘F’ called the current conflict ‘forever war’

He had done three tours since the war began, mostly spent with eyes on Gaza – coordinating air strikes to support ground operations and ensuring the Air Force gets the target right.

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Israeli air force reservist refuses call-up

‘This is eternal war’

“It’s very complicated, very demanding and very hectic. The main problem is to see that you follow the rules and there are lots of rules – safety rules, international law rules, military doctrine rules.

“And to see that there are no mistakes because you can check all the rules, you can make everything perfect, if there’s a mistake, it bypasses everything you did and the bomb would fall on someone you didn’t want it to fall on.”

I ask him how he feels about the huge death toll in Gaza.

“Look, the uninvolved death toll is tough. It’s tough personally, it’s tough emotionally, it’s tough professionally. It shouldn’t happen.

“When you conduct a war at this scale, it will happen. It will happen because of mistakes, because of the chaos of war.”

Please use Chrome browser for a more accessible video player

Israel must have ‘security control’ to end Gaza war

He is softly spoken, considered and thoughtful, but says he’s prepared to take part in the more radical protest actions, such as blocking motorways and starting fires, to try and get the message through.

Read more on Sky News:
‘More than 100 killed in a day’
Gaza’s hospitals ‘overwhelmed’
Madonna urges papal intervention

“Hamas is probably the weakest enemy we have had since 1948,” he says.

“In ’48, in the liberation of Israel, we fought seven armies, much better equipped, better ordered than us, and the war took less time.

“We stopped the war with Iran after 12 days. They are much more dangerous than Hamas. We stopped a war with Hezbollah in a couple of months, and they are still a much bigger threat than Hamas.

“You cannot eliminate a terror organisation to the last person. From my point of view, this way – this is eternal war.”

Continue Reading

Trending