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The government and the water regulator broke the law by allowing sewage to be discharged outside of “exceptional circumstances”, according to the green watchdog.

Outlets called combined sewer overflows (CSOs) are only meant to be opened on rare occasions, such as during very heavy rain to stop sewage flooding back into homes and businesses.

But the Office for Environmental Protection said environment department Defra, water regulator Ofwat and the Environment Agency failed to give guidance, permits and enforcement for the use of CSOs in line with the law.

The findings come in a crucial week for the water industry.

Britain’s largest company Thames Water is in court today trying to get approval for a £3bn loan to stop it running out of cash, and on Thursday Ofwat will give its final verdict on how much bills can increase.

An overflow pipe near a jetty on the banks of Lake Windermere. Pic: Reuters
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An overflow pipe near the banks of Lake Windermere. Pic: Reuters

Campaigners who made the complaint to the green watchdog said it showed pollution “plaguing” rivers would not be happening if the various bodies were doing their jobs properly.

Sewage discharges can cause diarrhoea, stomach cramps and fever for swimmers, as well as harming wildlife and ecosystems.

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The Office for Environmental Protection (OEP) has sent notices on what action must be taken to remedy the situation.

The various bodies have two months to respond, but a failure to take action could see them taken to court.

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Why are water bills increasing?

“The core issue identified in our investigation is the circumstances in which the regulatory system allows untreated sewage discharges to take place,” said Helen Venn, the OEP’s chief regulatory officer.

“We interpret the law to mean that they should generally be permitted only in exceptional circumstances, such as during unusually heavy rainfall,” added Ms Venn.

“This is unless an assessment of the CSO concludes that the costs to address the issue would be disproportionate to the benefits gained.

“While the public authorities are now taking steps to ensure their approaches are aligned and reflective of the law, we have found that this has not always been the case.”

The OEP investigation did not include overflows at sewage treatment works – where the Environment Agency is now investigating companies for potential failures.

A "Danger" sign is seen on the River Thames, on the day data revealed sewage spills into England's rivers and seas by water companies more than doubled last year, in Hambledon, Britain, March 27, 2024. REUTERS/Dylan Martinez
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Discharges into rivers, lakes and the sea have caused anger. File pic: Reuters

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In response to the findings, an Ofwat spokesperson said it was “actively taking steps to remedy the issues”.

“We will continue to prioritise our enforcement investigation into all wastewater companies which started in 2021 to ensure that companies are meeting their environmental obligations,” they said.

A Thames Water employee walks by a van as repair and maintenance work takes place, in London, Britain, December 16, 2024. REUTERS/Mina Kim
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Thames Water recently revealed a 40% spike in sewage spills. Pic: Reuters

A Labour spokesperson said “catastrophic policies” by the Tories had “left record levels of sewage pollution in Britain’s rivers, lakes and seas”.

They said they had now acted “decisively” to put water firms in special measures, with new powers to ban bonuses and bring back criminal charges.

An Environment Agency spokesperson said it had “made significant progress in addressing the issues identified by the OEP and are consulting on updates to our permitting approach and regulatory framework for storm overflows”.

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How people are coping with the floods: Carpets, furniture and food destroyed as homes deluged under feet of water

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How people are coping with the floods: Carpets, furniture and food destroyed as homes deluged under feet of water

People whose homes have been destroyed by the floods sweeping across parts of the UK over the past couple of days have been telling Sky News how they coped with the deluge.

In Lincolnshire, where a major incident has been declared, Terry, from Grantham, showed a Sky crew the aftermath of the deluge in his home, which was left under two feet of water.

“Everything’s gone,” he said, adding that he was “devastated”.

The first sign of trouble came at lunchtime on Monday, when his wife woke him and said there was water coming in [to the house], and “within a few minutes, the whole house was flooded”.

Terry told us he's 'devastated'
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Terry told us he’s ‘devastated’

Pic: AP
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Flooding in Loughborough. Pic: AP

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They rushed their belongings and pets upstairs, he said, as he revealed the damage to the flooded living room and kitchen, where the water mark was above a power socket.

Terry said the kitchen, where the floor was covered in sludge, smelled of mud and sewage, and their furniture and carpets were wrecked.

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Flood waters in Loughborough, Leicestershire. Pic: PA
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Flood waters in Loughborough, Leicestershire. Pic: PA

They have no electricity and the food in the cupboards and freezer was “completely ruined”.

Graham Johnson, who lives in a boat with his wife and dog, in the village of Barrow upon Soar in Leicestershire, was in the pub on Monday night, before the water started to rise “rapidly”.

People living in a local caravan park were moved as a severe flood warning was issued.

Graham Johnson, from Barrow upon Soar in Leicestershire, feared he would lose his boat home
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Graham Johnson, from Barrow upon Soar in Leicestershire, feared he would lose his boat home

PABest A man is rescued from the flooding at a caravan park near Barrow upon Soar, Leicestershire. Weather warnings for snow and ice are in force across much of the UK after severe flooding and snow caused travel disruption and school closures. Across England, there are also 198 flood warnings, meaning flooding is expected, and 300 flood alerts, meaning flooding is possible. Picture date: Tuesday January 7, 2025.
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A man is rescued from the flooding at a caravan park near Barrow upon Soar, Leicestershire. Pic: PA

Mr Johnson said he had gone out “for a couple of pints as usual and, the next thing we know, bingo”.

The couple feared their boat home was about to be swept towards the bridge.

“That’s our pride and joy, where we live, and we didn’t want to lose it,” he said, as he praised the “fantastic” emergency services, who rescued them and their dog after a nervy three-hour wait.

They were two of the 59 people rescued by firefighters in the county, where a major incident was declared and crews were called out to 160 flood-related incidents, the Fire Brigades Union (FBU) said.

Another Leicestershire resident whose home was inundated was Qasim Abdullah from Loughborough.

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Flooding across East Midlands

Pictures taken by the Associated Press show him walking through almost knee-deep water in his living room.

In nearby Quorn, businesses have shut as the main high street has flooded for the second time in as many years.

Two of the pubs in particular have been damaged.

Last year, residents had to launch a crowd fundraiser to help pay for the costs of renovation. Not to mention soaring insurance premiums.

Indy Burmi, who owns a hair salon and restaurant, hasn’t suffered flooding, but said he’s had to close up and cancel all Tuesday’s reservations, as his clients simply can’t get into the village.

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And, with more rain forecast, conditions could get even worse in the short term, while residents worry that an annual battle with rising water is now the new normal.

Elsewhere in the UK, the next danger is from ice forming on untreated surfaces after rain on Tuesday evening, the Met Office has said, as it issued a new warning for northern England and Wales from 5pm until midday on Wednesday.

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Boy, 14, stabbed to death on bus in Woolwich, southeast London

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Boy, 14, stabbed to death on bus in Woolwich, southeast London

A 14-year-old boy has been stabbed to death on a bus in Woolwich, in southeast London.

Police were called around 2.30pm to reports of a stabbing on a bus on Woolwich Church Road near the junction with the A205 South Circular Road.

A boy who police said had received stab wounds was treated by paramedics, but he died at the scene shortly after they arrived.

Officers have launched an investigation into the incident.

No arrests have been made so far but police are appealing for witnesses of the incident on the 472 bus.

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A cordon and road closures were in place as of shortly before 5pm.

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Liverpool hospital declares critical incident over ‘exceptionally high’ demand on A&E amid rising flu cases

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Liverpool hospital declares critical incident over 'exceptionally high' demand on A&E amid rising flu cases

The Royal Liverpool University Hospital has declared a critical incident due to “exceptionally high” demand on A&E and patients being admitted to wards.

The hospital said there had been a spike in people with flu and respiratory illnesses going to emergency departments in recent weeks.

The number of people in England’s hospital with flu quadrupled in the last month, according to NHS data.

A spokesperson for the hospital said it had a “comprehensive plan in place” and was “taking all the necessary actions to manage the challenging circumstances”.

“We are working with partner organisations to ensure those that are medically fit can leave hospital safely and at the earliest opportunity,” they added.

The hospital warned some people would experience delays as it prioritises the sickest patients.

People whose case isn’t an emergency are being asked to see their GP, pharmacy or walk-in centre – or call the 111 service for advice.

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The Royal Liverpool University Hospital is in the city centre and is the biggest hospital in Merseyside and Cheshire.

Declaring a critical incident can happen when a hospital is experiencing exceptional demand, or sometimes if there is a serious problem with staffing levels.

It indicates it can’t function as normal and allows it to take extra measures to protect patients, such as prioritising the most unwell people and getting support from other agencies.

It could last hours, a few days, or weeks if necessary.

A critical incident was also declared on Friday by the NHS Cornwall and Isles of Scilly Integrated Care Board.

It said it had seen almost four times as many inpatients compared with last year and urged people with flu to avoid going to A&E.

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There have been warnings this winter of a so-called “quad-demic”– with flu, vomiting bug norovirus, COVID and RSV circulating at the same time.

The NHS provides vaccinations against three of the four; flu, COVID-19 and RSV (a common cause of chest infection in babies).

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