British oil giant Shell on Thursday reported a significant drop in annual profit, citing higher exploration write-offs, lower trading margins and weaker crude prices over the final three months of the year.

Shell posted adjusted earnings of $23.72 billion for the full-year 2024, compared to annual profit of $28.25 billion a year earlier.

Analysts had expected Shell’s full-year 2024 net profit to come in at $24.71 billion, according to an LSEG-compiled consensus. A separate forecast from analysts polled by Vara Research expected full-year profit to come in at $24.11 billion.

The energy major posted weaker-than-anticipated adjusted earnings of $3.66 billion for the final quarter of 2024.

Shell announced a 4% increase in dividend per share and launched another share buyback program of $3.5 billion, which is expected to be completed over the next three months.

Speaking to CNBC’s “Squawk Box Europe” on Thursday, Shell CEO Wael Sawan described 2024 as a “very strong year,” one which gave the company a platform “to do everything we said we were going to do.”  

Asked whether it was time for Shell to move its listing from London to New York to close the valuation gap on its U.S. peers, Sawan said the firm was “always reviewing headquarter listings and the like.”

However, “there is no live discussion at the moment on this in Shell because our number one priority is to make sure that we unlock the full potential of this company,” Sawan noted.

The world’s top oil and gas companies have seen profits fall from record levels in 2022, when Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine prompted international benchmark Brent crude to jump to nearly $140 a barrel.

Oil prices have since cooled amid faltering global demand, with Brent crude futures averaging $80 a barrel in 2024. That was about $2 a barrel less than the previous year, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration.

In a trading update on Jan. 8, Shell trimmed its liquefied natural gas (LNG) production outlook for the final three months of 2024 and warned that trading results for its chemicals and oil products division were expected to be “significantly lower” on a quarterly basis.

Shares of the London-listed company traded 0.7% higher at 8:10 a.m. London time.

Shell’s full-year results come as the company enters the final stretch of its so-called “first sprint.” The strategy, which was launched in 2023 and runs to the end of this year, aims to close the valuation gap with U.S. peers by boosting the major’s profitability.

Shell CEO Wael Sawan has prioritized the firm’s more profitable oil and gas operations as part of this shift, while cutting spending on areas such as offshore wind and hydrogen and withdrawing from power markets in Europe and China.

Like other oil and gas majors, Shell has watered down climate targets and green investments in recent years. The company, however, has said it remains committed to becoming a net-zero energy business by 2050.

U.S oil giants Exxon Mobil and Chevron are both scheduled to report earnings on Friday, while European peers TotalEnergies and BP are set to follow suit on Feb. 5 and Feb. 11, respectively.

Tesla‘s bitcoin holdings led to a big pop in reported net income for the fourth quarter because of a new rule change in how companies account for digital assets.

After showing a carrying value of $184 million in digital assets for the prior four quarters, the number suddenly jumped to $1.08 billion in the December period, Tesla reported in its earnings release on Wednesday.

The increase followed a recent policy change from the Financial Accounting Standards Board, which mandates that corporate digital asset holdings be marked to market each quarter starting at the beginning of 2025. Before the FASB rule change, companies owning bitcoin had to report their holdings at the lowest value recorded during their ownership, regardless of any subsequent price gain.

Tesla said in its earnings deck that the change resulted in an earnings per share boost of 68 cents in the quarter, and CFO Vaibhav Taneja noted on the earnings call that the net income increase was $600 million.

“It’s important to point out that the net income in Q4 was impacted by a $600 million mark-to-market benefit from bitcoin due to the adoption of a new accounting standard for digital assets,” Taneja said.

At the end of the third quarter, Tesla’s bitcoin holdings were recorded at a carrying value of $184 million, though their fair market value was significantly higher at $729 million. That means the actual increase in the value of its holdings in the period was about $347 million, reflecting bitcoin’s fourth-quarter rally.

Much of the recent gain in bitcoin is tied to optimism surrounding the second Trump administration, which was heavily backed by the crypto industry. Tesla CEO Elon Musk was Trump’s biggest financial supporter and is now a top adviser in the White House. Longtime Musk ally David Sacks was tapped by Trump to the be the White House AI and crypto czar.

Bitcoin tracking website Bitcoin Treasuries ranks Tesla as the sixth-biggest holder of bitcoin among public companies.

Tesla’s fourth-quarter earnings and revenue fell short of analysts’ expectations on Wednesday as auto revenue dropped 8% from a year earlier, yet the stock climbed in after-hours trading.

— CNBC’S Lora Kolodny contributed to this report.

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